CN109666460B - Particle-stabilized nano-emulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Particle-stabilized nano-emulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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- C09K2208/34—Lubricant additives
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Abstract
A particle-stabilized nano-emulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof. Contains 30-60% of fatty acid and ester derivatives thereof, 5-25% of nonionic surfactant, 10-20% of cationic surfactant, 5-20% of solid lubricant and 15-40% of water. The invention has good dispersibility in water-based drilling fluid, overcomes the defects that conventional liquid lubricants such as mineral oil or vegetable oil are not easy to disperse and oil phase is easy to separate out, can form a stable adsorption film on a drill bit, a drill rod and a well wall, can effectively reduce the friction coefficient of a friction surface, improve the lubricating property, reduce the abrasion, and can still maintain good lubricating property under extreme pressure or high load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention designs a particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluid for petroleum drilling engineering and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, along with the increasing difficulty and complexity of petroleum exploration and development, complex wells such as deep wells, ultra-deep wells and large-displacement horizontal wells are increased, the friction resistance in the drilling process is increased, the abrasion of drilling tools and accidents in the drilling process are increased, and higher requirements are provided for the lubricating performance of drilling fluid.
The lubricating property of the drilling fluid is improved by adding a lubricating agent into the drilling fluid, so that the frictional resistance between a drill bit and the surface of rock, between a drilling tool and a casing or a well wall is reduced, and accidents such as drill sticking are reduced.
At present, common drilling fluid lubricants comprise liquid lubricants such as mineral oil or vegetable oil, but oil treatment agents have the defects of difficult dispersion and easy separation of oil phase. In addition, under the condition of high load, the oil film formed on the surfaces of the drill bit and the drilling tool by the lubricant is damaged, and the lubricant cannot play an effective lubricating role.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing drilling fluid lubricant, the invention provides a particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluid and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluids and a preparation method thereof. The particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant comprises 30-60% by mass of fatty acid and ester derivatives thereof, 5-25% by mass of nonionic surfactant, 10-20% by mass of cationic surfactant, 5-20% by mass of solid lubricant and 15-40% by mass of water.
The fatty acid and the ester derivative thereof are fatty acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty acid ethyl ester and the combination of the fatty acid, the fatty acid methyl ester and the fatty acid ethyl ester.
The nonionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol, and the structure of the polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol is R- (O-C-C)x-OH, wherein R is alkyl with 6-15 carbon atoms, and x is 8-25.
The cationic surfactant comprises one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide.
The solid lubricant is graphite, and comprises one or more of common graphite, graphite oxide, expandable graphite and graphene.
The preparation method of the particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant for the water-based drilling fluid comprises the following steps: step one, at room temperature, adding a solid lubricant into fatty acid and ester derivatives thereof, and stirring for 0.5-1h at a stirring speed of 400-800rpm to uniformly stir the fatty acid and the ester derivatives to obtain an oil phase; secondly, adding the nonionic surfactant and the cationic surfactant into water at room temperature, stirring for 0.5-1h at the stirring speed of 400-800rpm, and uniformly stirring to obtain a water phase; and thirdly, adding the prepared oil phase into the water phase at room temperature, and stirring for 0.5-1h at the stirring speed of 400-800rpm to obtain the particle stable nano emulsion lubricant for the water-based drilling fluid.
The components of the particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant provided by the invention have good synergistic effect, on one hand, the lubricant is oil-in-water nano emulsion, the dispersibility in water-based drilling fluid is good, the defects that conventional liquid lubricants such as mineral oil or vegetable oil are not easy to disperse and oil phase is easy to separate out are avoided, and the cationic surfactant is introduced into a particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant system, so that the adsorption performance of the particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant on a drill bit, a drill rod and a well wall can be enhanced, an adsorption film formed by the particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant on the drill bit, the drill rod and the well wall is more stable, the friction coefficient of a friction surface can be effectively reduced, the lubrication performance is improved, and the abrasion is reduced; on the other hand, by introducing the solid lubricant graphite into a particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant system, the sliding friction coefficient can be better reduced by utilizing the lamellar structure and the self-lubricating property of the graphite, so that the graphite still keeps good lubricating property under extreme pressure or high load. Therefore, the particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant provided by the invention is suitable for being used in common drilling wells and directional wells and horizontal wells with high difficulty and large inclination.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 30 parts of methyl oleate, 10 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO9, 20 parts of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 20 parts of graphite oxide and 20 parts of water.
The preparation method of the particle-stable nano-emulsion lubricant comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the raw materials in parts by weight; (2) adding the weighed graphite oxide into methyl oleate, and stirring at the stirring speed of 600rpm for 1h at room temperature; (3) adding the weighed polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO9 and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into water, and stirring at the stirring speed of 600rpm for 1h at room temperature; (4) and (3) adding the oil phase prepared in the step (2) into the water phase prepared in the step (3), and stirring at the stirring speed of 600rpm for 1h at room temperature to obtain the particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant.
Example 2
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 60 parts of ethyl oleate, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO20, 10 parts of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 5 parts of expandable graphite and 20 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 3
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 40 parts of oleic acid, 25 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO25, 10 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 5 parts of graphene and 20 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 4
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 40 parts of oleic acid, 25 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO8, 10 parts of octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 10 parts of graphite and 15 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 5
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 30 parts of methyl oleate, 15 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO15, 20 parts of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 15 parts of graphite and 20 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 6
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 50 parts of ethyl oleate, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO12, 15 parts of octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, 10 parts of graphite and 20 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 7
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 40 parts of oleic acid, 10 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO18, 10 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, 20 parts of graphite oxide and 20 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 8
Particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant composition: 30 parts of ethyl oleate, 10 parts of polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol AEO21, 10 parts of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 10 parts of graphite oxide and 40 parts of water.
The particle stabilizing nanoemulsion lubricant was prepared as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The same as example 1 except that 20 parts of graphite oxide and 20 parts of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride were not added.
Comparative example 2
The same as example 1 except that 20 parts of graphite oxide was not added.
1. Characterization of particle size of particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant
TABLE 1 particle size test results for particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricants
2. Particle Stable nanoemulsion Lubricant stability evaluation
100mL of the sample was placed in a 100mL cuvette and left to stand at room temperature to observe the stability, and the results were as follows:
table 2 particle stable nanoemulsion lubricant stability test results
3. Particle-stabilized nanoemulsion Lubricant lubricity evaluation
The samples of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were tested for their properties according to the method specified in the standard Q/SH 34500011 and 2013.
(1) Measurement of lubrication coefficient
Preparing four parts of base slurry, adding 400 mL of distilled water, 24.0 g of bentonite and 1.0 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate into each part, stirring for 20 min on a high-speed stirrer, and then sealing and maintaining for 24 h. Two of the base slurries were added to 4.0 g of the sample, and four slurries were simultaneously stirred at high speed for 20 min. And respectively measuring the lubrication coefficients of the base slurry and the sample slurry on an E-P extreme pressure lubrication combination instrument according to SY/T6094, and calculating the reduction rate of the lubrication coefficient by using the formula (3). The error between replicates was allowed to be within ± 5.0% and the arithmetic mean was taken.
In the formula:
eta-lubrication coefficient reduction rate;
omega-base stock lubrication coefficient;
ω1-the lubricity coefficient of the sample slurry.
(2) Measurement of mud cake sticking coefficient
Preparing four parts of base slurry, adding 400 mL of distilled water, 20.0 g of bentonite and 1.0 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate into each part, stirring for 20 min on a high-speed stirrer, and then sealing and maintaining for 24 h. Two of the base slurries were added to 4.0 g of each sample, and four slurries were simultaneously stirred at high speed for 5 min. And respectively measuring the mud cake adhesion coefficients of the base slurry and the sample slurry by using a mud cake adhesion coefficient measuring instrument. The measurement conditions were: the differential pressure is 3.5 MPa, the filtration loss time is 30 min, the torque values of 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min and 45 min are respectively read after the adhesion disc is adhered to the mud cake, the torque value of 45 min is converted into the adhesion coefficient, and the adhesion coefficient of the base slurry is more than 0.125. The decrease rate of the cake adhesion coefficient was calculated by the formula (4). The error between replicates was allowed to be within ± 5.0% and the arithmetic mean was taken.
In the formula:
k is the reduction rate of the sticking coefficient of the mud cakes;
mu-the cake adhesion coefficient of the base slurry;
μ1and the adhesion coefficient of the mud cake after sample injection.
(3) Extreme pressure value test
Respectively adding the samples of examples 1-8, the samples of comparative examples 1 and 2, oleic acid, methyl oleate and ethyl oleate into an oil box of a KMY201-1A type antiwear experiment machine, starting a motor, adding weights one by one at the end of a long arm of force until an oil film is subjected to extreme pressure fracture, automatically stopping the antiwear experiment machine, and calculating the extreme pressure value of the samples.
TABLE 3 particle Stable nanoemulsion Lubricant lubricity test results
Claims (6)
1. The particle-stabilized nano emulsion lubricant for the water-based drilling fluid is characterized by being an oil-in-water nano emulsion containing solid particles, and comprising 30-60% by mass of fatty acid and ester derivatives thereof, 5-25% by mass of nonionic surfactant, 10-20% by mass of cationic surfactant, 5-20% by mass of solid lubricant and 15-40% by mass of water;
the cationic surfactant comprises one or more of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide;
the solid lubricant is graphite.
2. The particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluids of claim 1, wherein: the fatty acid and the ester derivative thereof are fatty acid, fatty acid methyl ester, fatty acid ethyl ester and the combination of the fatty acid, the fatty acid methyl ester and the fatty acid ethyl ester.
3. The particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluids of claim 1, wherein: the nonionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol.
4. The particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluids of claim 3, wherein the polyoxyethylene ether fatty alcohol has the structure R- (O-C-C)x-OH, wherein R is alkyl with 6-15 carbon atoms, and x is 8-25.
5. The particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluids according to claim 1, wherein the graphite is one or more of ordinary graphite, graphite oxide, expandable graphite and graphene.
6. The method of making a particle-stabilized nanoemulsion lubricant for water-based drilling fluids of claim 1, wherein: step one, at room temperature, adding a solid lubricant into fatty acid and ester derivatives thereof, and stirring for 0.5-1h at a stirring speed of 400-800rpm to uniformly stir the fatty acid and the ester derivatives to obtain an oil phase; secondly, adding the nonionic surfactant and the cationic surfactant into water at room temperature, stirring for 0.5-1h at the stirring speed of 400-800rpm, and uniformly stirring to obtain a water phase; and thirdly, adding the prepared oil phase into the water phase at room temperature, and stirring for 0.5-1h at the stirring speed of 400-800rpm to obtain the particle stable nano emulsion lubricant for the water-based drilling fluid.
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| GB777707A (en) * | 1952-12-01 | 1957-06-26 | Dehydag Gmbh | A process for the lubrication of metals |
| CN100348688C (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-11-14 | 山东大学 | Particle stabilized emulsion system and method for preparing same and its use as lubricant for drilling fluid |
| CN101787266B (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2012-12-19 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Method for preparing non-fluorescence lubricant for water-base drilling fluid |
| CN102199417B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2016-01-20 | 中国地质大学（北京） | One prepares drilling well mineral composite solid lubricating agent technology based on chemical byproduct |
| CN103980866A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Graphite lubricant for drilling fluid and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: Liuhe District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210048 geguan Road No. 699 Patentee after: China Petroleum & Chemical Corp. Patentee after: SINOPEC NANJING CHEMICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: Liuhe District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 210048 geguan Road No. 699 Patentee before: China Petroleum & Chemical Corp. Patentee before: Nanhua Group Research Institute |
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