CN109653830B - Variable system of valve lift and engine - Google Patents
Variable system of valve lift and engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109653830B CN109653830B CN201811564718.8A CN201811564718A CN109653830B CN 109653830 B CN109653830 B CN 109653830B CN 201811564718 A CN201811564718 A CN 201811564718A CN 109653830 B CN109653830 B CN 109653830B
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- shifting fork
- cam
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- cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L13/0047—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction the movement of the valves resulting from the sum of the simultaneous actions of at least two cams, the cams being independently variable in phase in respect of each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of engines, and discloses a valve lift variable system and an engine, wherein the valve lift variable system comprises a camshaft; the cam assembly comprises two first limiting parts fixedly arranged on the cam shaft and two cams which are slidably sleeved on the cam shaft and positioned between the two first limiting parts, and the two cams correspond to different valve working modes and can synchronously rotate along with the cam shaft; and each cam assembly is correspondingly provided with two shifting fork assemblies, and each shifting fork assembly can push two cams to move towards the side of the other shifting fork assembly so as to clamp the two cams between the corresponding shifting fork assemblies and the first limiting part. The shifting fork assembly drives the cams to move axially, and the two cams are clamped between the shifting fork assembly and the first limiting piece so as to realize the switching of the working cams and further realize the switching of the valve early closing mode and the valve normal closing mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to a valve lift variable system and an engine.
Background
The main function of the engine is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves of each cylinder at regular time according to the working sequence and the working cycle requirement of the engine, so that air enters the cylinder and waste gas is discharged from the cylinder.
The valve timing mechanism mainly comprises a fixed valve timing mechanism and a valve lift variable valve timing mechanism, parameters such as opening time, phase and lift of the fixed valve timing mechanism are fixed and unchangeable, the requirements of different rotating speeds and load rates on the valve lift cannot be met, and further improvement of the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine is limited.
The valve lift variable valve mechanism can provide variable valve opening and closing time or lift under different engine rotating speeds and loads, so that the air intake and exhaust performance of the engine is improved, and the power performance, the economy and the emission requirements of the engine under high rotating speed and low rotating speed, large load and small load are better met.
However, the driving device of the existing valve lift variable valve actuating mechanism has a complex structure, the adjusting process is not easy to control, and the adjusting precision is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a valve lift variable system and an engine, which can solve the problems of complex structure, difficult control in an adjusting process and poor adjusting precision of a driving device of the conventional valve lift variable valve mechanism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a variable valve lift system comprising:
a camshaft;
the cam assembly comprises two first limiting pieces fixedly arranged on the cam shaft and two cams which are slidably sleeved on the cam shaft and positioned between the two first limiting pieces, and the two cams correspond to different valve working modes and can synchronously rotate along with the cam shaft;
the cam assembly is correspondingly provided with two shifting fork assemblies, each shifting fork assembly can push two cams to move towards the other shifting fork assembly, and the two cams are clamped between the corresponding shifting fork assemblies and the first limiting part.
Further, the shifting fork mechanism further comprises a shifting fork shaft and a linear driving unit, wherein the shifting fork shaft and the cam shaft are arranged in parallel, the shifting fork assembly is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft, and the linear driving unit can drive the shifting fork shaft to drive the shifting fork assembly to move axially.
Further, the fork assembly includes:
a shifting fork;
the sleeve is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft and can axially move relative to the shifting fork shaft, and one end of the shifting fork is connected to the sleeve;
the two second limiting parts are fixedly connected to the shifting fork shaft, and the sleeve is positioned between the two second limiting part parts;
and the elastic piece is arranged between each second limiting piece and the sleeve.
Further, rotating the cam shaft can cause the first limiting member of each cam assembly to be in a first position interval and a second position interval;
when the first limiting parts are located in a first position interval, the shifting fork can move between the two first limiting parts and drive the cam to move axially;
when the first limiting part is located in the second position interval, the first limiting part can limit the axial movement of the shifting fork.
Furthermore, the cam assemblies are provided with a plurality of first limiting members, and the first limiting members of two adjacent cam assemblies are not located in the second position interval at the same time.
Further, the base circle radius of the two cams of each cam assembly is the same, the working profiles are different, and the first limiting piece is over against the non-base circle part of the cams.
Further, the first limiting part is an arc-shaped structure fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cam shaft.
Furthermore, the free end of the first limiting part is provided with first guide surfaces along two sides of the axial reciprocating direction of the cam.
Furthermore, the two sides of the free end of the shifting fork along the axial reciprocating movement direction are provided with second guide surfaces.
The invention also provides an engine comprising the valve lift variable system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the valve lift variable system, the shifting fork assembly drives the cam to move axially, the two cams are clamped between the shifting fork assembly and the first limiting piece, so that the working cams are switched, and then the valve early closing mode and the valve normal closing mode are switched.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable valve lift system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the lift of the intake valve and the crank angle when the two operation modes using the above-described variable valve lift system are operated, respectively.
In the figure:
11. a camshaft; 12. a first limit piece; 120. a first guide surface; 121. a left side stop block; 122. a right side stop block; 13. a cam; 131. a left cam; 132. a right cam;
21. a fork shaft; 22. a shifting fork; 220. a second guide surface; 221. a left shifting fork; 222. a right side shifting fork; 23. a sleeve; 24. a second limiting member; 25. an elastic member; 251. a left spring; 252. a right spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a valve lift variable system including a camshaft 11, a cam assembly, a fork shaft 21, a linear driving unit (not shown in the drawings), and a fork assembly. The cam assembly includes two first position-limiting members 12 fixed on the cam shaft 11, and two cams 13 slidably sleeved on the cam shaft 11 and located between the two first position-limiting members 12, where the two cams 13 correspond to different valve operating modes and can rotate synchronously with the cam shaft 11, and the two cams 13 in this embodiment are integrally formed.
Every cam module corresponds and sets up two fork assembly, and every fork assembly all can promote two cams 13 and move to another fork assembly place side to locate two cams 13 between corresponding fork assembly and first locating part 12, thereby make two cams 13 can cooperate with the valve push rod of the variable system of valve lift respectively, realize two kinds of different valve operating modes.
The shifting fork shaft 21 is arranged in parallel with the camshaft 11, the shifting fork assembly is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft 21, the linear driving unit can drive the shifting fork shaft 21 to drive the shifting fork assembly to move axially, and the linear driving unit is a hydraulic control mechanism, such as an oil cylinder and the like, and is not limited specifically here.
The base circle radiuses of the two cams 13 of each cam assembly are the same, and the working profiles are different, so that the two cams 13 correspond to different valve working modes respectively. The first limiting parts 12 are opposite to the non-base circle part of the cam 13, the cam shaft 11 is rotated to enable the first limiting parts 12 of each cam assembly to be located in a first position interval and a second position interval, when the first limiting parts 12 are located in the first position interval, the shifting fork assembly is opposite to the base circle part of the cam 13, at the moment, the linear driving unit drives the shifting fork assembly to move axially, the shifting fork assembly moves between the two first limiting parts 12 and drives the cam 13 to move axially, and the shifting fork assembly and the two cams 13 are clamped between the two first limiting parts 12.
When the first limiting member 12 is located in the second position interval, the shifting fork assembly is opposite to the working profile part of the cam 13, and the cam 13 matched with the valve push rod cannot be switched when the shifting fork assembly is required to be opposite to the working profile part of the cam 13 in order to avoid the shifting fork assembly from axially moving to influence the working of the cam 13 during the working period of the cam 13. In this embodiment, the first limiting members 12 can limit axial movement of the shift fork assembly, that is, when the shift fork assembly is directly facing the working profile portion of the cam 13, the shift fork assembly cannot enter between two first limiting members 12 of the corresponding cam assembly, and the shift fork assembly located between the two first limiting members 12 is also limited between the two first limiting members 12, so as to ensure that the cam 13 can normally work. Preferably, the first limiting member 12 is an arc-shaped structure fixed to the outer wall of the camshaft 11.
The shifting fork assembly further comprises a shifting fork 22, a sleeve 23, two second limiting parts 24 and two elastic parts 25, wherein the sleeve 23 is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft 21 and can axially move relative to the shifting fork shaft 21, one end of the shifting fork 22 is connected to the sleeve 23, and the other end of the shifting fork 22 is used for shifting the cam 13 to axially move; the two second limiting parts 24 are fixedly connected to the fork shaft 21, and the sleeve 23 is located between the two second limiting parts 24; the two elastic members 25 are located between the two second limiting members 24 and located on two axial sides of the sleeve 23 respectively. Preferably, the second limiting member 24 is a limiting pin, and the elastic member 25 is a spring.
In this embodiment, the distance between the two first position-limiting members 12 is required to be slightly greater than the sum of the axial length of the two cams 13 and the length of the shifting fork 22 along the axial direction of the camshaft 11, so that the cam 13 is stably positioned between the two first position-limiting members 12 without axial movement during the partial operation of the operating line of the cam 13, and the shifting fork 22 is provided with an axial movement space, so that the shifting fork 22 does not affect the rotation of the cam 13.
The two modes of valve early closing and valve normal closing can be realized by switching the cam 13 for operation, the switching process between the two cams 13 is the same, and the switching process between the two cams 13 is described below by taking the example of switching from the valve early closing mode to the valve normal closing mode with reference to fig. 1, and the specific switching process is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the two cams 13 are a left cam 131 and a right cam 132, respectively, wherein the left cam 131 corresponds to a valve early closing mode, and the right cam 132 corresponds to a valve normal closing mode; the two first position-limiting members 12 are a left position-limiting member 121 and a right position-limiting member 122, the two second position-limiting members 24 are a left position-limiting pin and a right position-limiting pin, the two elastic members 25 are a left spring 251 and a right spring 252, and the shifting forks 22 of the two shifting fork assemblies are a left shifting fork 221 and a right shifting fork 222.
The state of each component in the valve early closing mode: the first limiting members 12 are located in the second position interval, specifically, the left shifting fork 221 is clamped between the left stopper 121 and the right stopper 122, the right shifting fork 222 is located outside the two first limiting members 12, and the left spring 251 and the right spring 252 are both in a natural state.
The linear driving unit drives the shifting fork 22 to move axially to the left, and due to the limiting action of the left side stopper 121 and the right side stopper 122, the left side shifting fork 221 and the right side shifting fork 222 cannot move leftwards along with the shifting fork shaft 21, and due to the limiting action of the two second limiting members 24, the left side spring 252 is stretched, and the left side spring 251 is compressed. The camshaft 11 continues to rotate, the area of the cam 13 facing the shifting fork 22 gradually changes from the working profile portion to the base circle portion of the cam 13, and simultaneously the first position limiting element 12 gradually changes from the second position interval to the first position interval.
With the rotation of the cam 13, the first limiting member 12 will gradually lose the limiting function, the left fork 221 and the right fork 222 move to the left under the action of the left spring 251 and the right spring 252, the left fork 221 moves to the left of the left stopper 121, the right fork 222 moves between the left stopper 121 and the right stopper 122, and pushes the right cam 132 to press the left cam 131 to move to the left, and meanwhile, the left spring 251 and the right spring 252 return to the natural state, the switching between the left cam 131 and the right cam 132 is completed, and the switching between the valve operating modes is realized.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the lift of the intake valve and the crank angle when the two operation modes using the above-described variable valve lift system are operated, respectively. The valve profile 1 is a relation curve of the intake valve lift and the crank angle in the valve early closing mode, and the valve profile 2 is a relation curve of the intake valve lift and the crank angle in the valve normal closing mode.
The elastic member 25 and the second limiting member 24 can realize automatic switching between the two cams 13, and avoid rigid collision.
The free end of the first limiting part 12 is provided with a first guide surface 120 along both sides of the axial reciprocating direction of the cam 13; the free end of the shift fork 22 is provided with second guide surfaces 220 on both sides along the axial reciprocating direction thereof. The first guide surface 120 and the second guide surface 220 are arranged to enable the shifting fork 22 to gradually enter between the two first limiting members 12 or gradually move to the outer sides of the two first limiting members 12, so as to avoid the problem of rigid collision. The first guide surface 120 may be a wedge surface or an arc surface, and the second guide surface 220 may be a wedge surface or an arc surface, in this embodiment, the first guide surface 120 is a wedge surface, and the second guide surface 220 is an arc surface.
The cam assemblies are provided with a plurality of corresponding shifting fork assemblies, the number of the shifting fork assemblies is twice that of the cam assemblies, and the first limiting parts 12 of the two adjacent cam assemblies are not located in the second position interval at the same time. In this embodiment, taking six cam assemblies as an example, referring to fig. 1, after the linear driving unit moves axially, after the cam 13 of one cam assembly completes the switching of the working modes, after the cam shaft 11 rotates by a corresponding angle, the next cam assembly completes the switching of the working modes, and after the cam shaft 11 rotates by a corresponding angle again, the next cam assembly completes the switching of the working modes until the six cam assemblies all complete the switching of the working modes.
The embodiment also provides an engine, which comprises the valve lift variable system, and the engine can realize the switching between the valve early closing mode and the valve normal closing mode through the switching of the working cam 13 by the valve lift variable system, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation; the valve operating mode switching method can be applied to a multi-cylinder engine, and the consistency of the valve operating mode switching of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder engine is high.
The terms "left side" and "right side" in the present embodiment, which indicate orientations, refer to relative positional relationships shown in the drawings, and do not indicate actual orientations of components.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A variable valve lift system, comprising:
a camshaft (11);
the cam assembly comprises two first limiting pieces (12) fixedly arranged on the cam shaft (11) and two cams (13) which are slidably sleeved on the cam shaft (11) and positioned between the two first limiting pieces (12), and the two cams (13) correspond to different valve working modes and can synchronously rotate along with the cam shaft (11);
each cam assembly is correspondingly provided with two shifting fork assemblies, each shifting fork assembly can push two cams (13) to move to the side where the other shifting fork assembly is located, and the two cams (13) are clamped between the corresponding shifting fork assembly and the first limiting part (12);
the camshaft adjusting device is characterized by further comprising a shifting fork shaft (21) and a linear driving unit, wherein the shifting fork shaft (21) is parallel to the camshaft (11), a shifting fork assembly is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft (21), and the linear driving unit can drive the shifting fork shaft (21) to drive the shifting fork assembly to move axially;
the fork assembly includes:
a shift fork (22);
the sleeve (23) is sleeved on the shifting fork shaft (21) and can axially move relative to the shifting fork shaft (21), and one end of the shifting fork (22) is connected to the sleeve (23);
the two second limiting parts (24) are fixedly connected to the shifting fork shaft (21), and the sleeve (23) is positioned between the two second limiting parts (24);
two elastic pieces (25), and the elastic piece (25) is arranged between each second limiting piece (24) and the sleeve (23).
2. Variable valve lift system according to claim 1, characterized in that rotating the camshaft (11) enables the first limiting member (12) of each cam assembly to be in a first and a second position interval;
when the first limiting pieces (12) are located in a first position interval, the shifting fork (22) can move between the two first limiting pieces (12) and drive the cam (13) to move axially;
when the first limiting part (12) is located in the second position interval, the first limiting part (12) can limit the axial movement of the shifting fork (22).
3. Variable valve lift system according to claim 2, characterized in that the cam assemblies are provided in plurality, the first limiting elements (12) of two adjacent cam assemblies not being in the second position interval at the same time.
4. Variable valve lift system according to claim 1, characterized in that the base circle radius of the two cams (13) of each cam assembly is the same and the profile is different, the first stop element (12) facing the non-base circle part of the cams (13).
5. Variable valve lift system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first stop element (12) is an arc-shaped structure fixed to the outer wall of the camshaft (11).
6. The variable valve lift system according to claim 1, characterized in that the free end of the first stopper (12) is provided with a first guide surface (120) on both sides in the axial reciprocating direction of the cam (13).
7. Variable valve lift system according to claim 6, characterized in that the free end of the fork (22) is provided with a second guide surface (220) on both sides in its axial reciprocating direction.
8. An engine characterized by comprising the variable valve lift system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811564718.8A CN109653830B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Variable system of valve lift and engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811564718.8A CN109653830B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Variable system of valve lift and engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109653830A CN109653830A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
| CN109653830B true CN109653830B (en) | 2020-03-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811564718.8A Active CN109653830B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Variable system of valve lift and engine |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112302755A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-02 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine valve lift adjusting device |
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| DE102011115533A1 (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2013-04-11 | Neumayer Tekfor Holding Gmbh | Camshaft for camshaft system for internal combustion engine, has carrier shaft and cam, where cam has two cam units, and one cam unit is designed in sliding manner and arranged axially along longitudinal axis of carrier shaft |
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| CN107762587A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-03-06 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Executing agency, variable air valve lift apparatus, engine and automobile |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102007052249B4 (en) * | 2007-11-02 | 2023-12-14 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | Internal combustion engine valve train switching device |
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2018
- 2018-12-20 CN CN201811564718.8A patent/CN109653830B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102383891A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2012-03-21 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Variable valve lift apparatus |
| DE102011115533A1 (en) * | 2011-10-08 | 2013-04-11 | Neumayer Tekfor Holding Gmbh | Camshaft for camshaft system for internal combustion engine, has carrier shaft and cam, where cam has two cam units, and one cam unit is designed in sliding manner and arranged axially along longitudinal axis of carrier shaft |
| CN103306776A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-18 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Variable valve lift device for engine, engine and vehicle |
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| CN109653830A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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