CN109650855A - 一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109650855A
CN109650855A CN201710943818.0A CN201710943818A CN109650855A CN 109650855 A CN109650855 A CN 109650855A CN 201710943818 A CN201710943818 A CN 201710943818A CN 109650855 A CN109650855 A CN 109650855A
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刘克维
刘连军
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Hebei Fengneng Refractories Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及耐火材料和冶金技术领域，特别涉及一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法。其原料配方按照质量百分比包括84％的混合物原料和16％的高温碳基硬脂基结合剂，其中，所述的混合物原料按照质量百分比包括：铝矾土骨料23％，320目的80铝矾土粉料10％，蓝晶石7％，聚合氯化铝铁9％，90碳化硅8％，氮化硅铁10％，碳化硼粉1％，广西白泥12％，焦炭粉15％，高温沥青5％。本发明的一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法，炮泥具有良好的快速烧结性和高温性能，烧后收缩较小，应用过程中减少了潮泥、断铁口、喷溅时间长、扩孔快等不良现象。

Description

一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料和冶金技术领域，特别涉及一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
炮泥是用来封堵出铁口的耐火材料，目前可分为有水炮泥和无水炮泥两大类，前者用在顶压较低、强化冶炼程度不高的小型高炉，后者在顶压较高、强化冶炼程度高的大中型高炉上。
炮泥组成可分为两部分——耐火骨料和结合剂。耐火骨料指刚玉、莫来石、焦宝石等耐火原料和焦炭、云母等改性材料。结合剂为水或焦油沥青和酚醛树脂等有机材料，还掺加SiC，Si3N4，膨胀剂和外加剂等。骨料按一定的粒度及重量组成基质，在结合剂的调和下使之具有一定的可塑性，从而可以通过泥炮打人铁口堵住铁水。
以水作结合剂的称为有水炮泥，以焦油，树脂等有机材料作结合剂的称为无水炮泥。
炮泥是高炉冶炼过程中，关系到高炉是否顺利运行的一种关键耐火材料。随着我国钢铁工业的快速发展，高炉不断向长寿化、强化冶炼方向发展，对出铁口无水炮泥性能的要求越来越高，要求其具备多个性能良好的作业性，填充性、开口性、透气性、烧结性、新旧炮泥的结合性、耐侵蚀性、抗冲刷性、环保性和原料的催化转化性等，尤其是要求出铁过程烧结快、喷溅时间短，扩孔速度慢，出铁时间长。
在设计炮泥配方的过程中，需要充分考虑无水炮泥是功能性耐火材料，也就是一次性使用的材料，以满足高炉出铁要求为准。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题，本发明提供了一种无水炮泥的原料配方及其制备方法，炮泥具有良好的快速烧结性和高温性能，烧后收缩较小，应用过程中减少了潮泥、断铁口、喷溅时间长、扩孔快等不良现象。
本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种无水炮泥的原料配方，其按照质量百分比包括84％的混合物原料和16％的高温碳基硬脂基结合剂，其中，所述的混合物原料按照质量百分比包括：铝矾土骨料23％，320目的80铝矾土粉料10％，蓝晶石7％，聚合氯化铝铁9％，90碳化硅8％，氮化硅铁10％，碳化硼粉1％，广西白泥12％，焦炭粉15％，高温沥青5％。
铝矾土骨料包括15％的80铝矾土骨料和8％的75铝矾土骨料。
一种无水炮泥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、按照上述的原料配方配好原料，生产设备采用碾轮式混合机；
B、将原料在碾轮式混合机里先干混3-5分钟，然后一边搅拌一边加入全部高温碳基硬脂基结合剂；
C、混合搅拌15-30分钟后，最后用挤泥机压制成型。
步骤B和C中，混合全过程温度控制在50℃。
本发明为了提高炮泥的透气性而引入了焦炭粉和提高颗粒级配，为了提高炮泥抗冲刷磨损性引入了碳化硅、氮化硅铁和碳化硼，为好打泥大量引入粘土而导致烧结收缩大、产生断铁口、降低高温强度，从而增加膨胀剂来提高炮泥的烧结性能和高温性能，以及减少炮泥烧后收缩。为了使炮泥体积密度，增加碾泥机碾轮重量和改变泥机出泥口直径，碾轮增加3吨、出泥口直径变细2厘米。
本发明无水炮泥中各种组分的主要作用简述如下：
1、铝矾土骨料和粉料的耐高温性能非常好，具有很好的抗高温铁水侵蚀和冲刷磨损的性能。粗颗粒起到骨架作用，粉料能提高炮泥的强度和高温性能。
2、碳化硅、碳化硼粉和氮化硅铁的硬度非常高，耐磨性能好，抗渣侵蚀性好，添加一部分碳化硅的颗粒和细粉有利于提高炮泥的抗侵蚀和抗冲刷性。
3、焦炭粉和聚合氯化铝铁主要是提高炮泥的透气性能和开口性能，改善各种原料的高温化学变化性。
4、广西白泥主要是利用其可塑性，提高炮泥的作业性能，具有很好的烧结性能，是炮泥中温强度的重要来源之一。
5、高温沥青在炮泥中可起到中、低温结合剂作用，其加入量对无水炮泥的物理性能和作业性能影响很大。
6、蓝晶石主要成分为SiO2，其次为Al2O3及少量其它氧化物，作为炮泥的膨胀剂，效果良好。它烧结性较好，高温下产生的膨胀有利于炮泥的体积稳定性，可以提高新旧炮泥的结合性。
本发明提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是：
1、采用高温碳基硬脂基结合剂替代焦油和树脂结合剂，有利于环保，无有害物质和刺激性气味、有利于打泥、改善炮泥的烧结性有力的解决了炮泥的潮泥问题。
2、引入聚合氯化铝铁、增强了焦粉的耐高温性能和透气性、防止炮泥开口冒黄烟利于环保、改善了各种原料之间高温时的物理和化学变化；
3、采用增加碾泥机碾轮重量和改变泥机出泥口直径，碾轮增加3吨、出泥口直径变细2厘米，提高了无水炮泥体积密度。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合具体实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
实施例一
本实施例的一种无水炮泥，其按照质量百分比包括84％的混合物原料和16％的高温碳基硬脂基结合剂，其中，所述的混合物原料按照质量百分比包括：80铝矾土骨料15％，75铝矾土骨料8％，320目的80铝矾土粉料10％，蓝晶石7％，聚合氯化铝铁9％，90碳化硅8％，氮化硅铁10％，碳化硼粉1％，广西白泥12％，焦炭粉15％，高温沥青5％。
该炮泥的理化性能1350℃ X3h的线变化为-1.01％，体积密度为2.25g/Cm3，抗折强度为4.2MPa，耐压强度为17.1MPa。该炮泥在辽宁营口钢铁厂1350m3高炉上试验，效果令人满意，开口无黄烟、浓烟，喷溅时间小于5分钟，出铁时长达100分钟以上。
实施例二
一种无水炮泥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、按照实施例一的原料配方配好原料，生产设备采用碾轮混合机(碾轮增加3吨)；
B、将原料在碾轮式混合机里先干混3-5分钟，然后一边搅拌一边加入全部高温碳基硬脂基结合剂；
C、混合搅拌15-30分钟后，最后用挤泥机压制成型(直径变细2厘米)。
步骤B和C中，混合全过程温度控制在50℃。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种无水炮泥的原料配方，其按照质量百分比包括84％的混合物原料和16％的高温碳基硬脂基结合剂，其中，所述的混合物原料按照质量百分比包括：铝矾土骨料23％，320目的80铝矾土粉料10％，蓝晶石7％，聚合氯化铝铁9％，90碳化硅8％，氮化硅铁10％，碳化硼粉1％，广西白泥12％，焦炭粉15％，高温沥青5％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种无水炮泥的原料配方，其特征在于，所述的铝矾土骨料包括15％的80铝矾土骨料和8％的75铝矾土骨料。
3.一种无水炮泥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、按照如权利要求1或2所述的原料配方配好原料，生产设备采用碾轮式混合机；
B、将原料在碾轮式混合机里先干混3-5分钟，然后一边搅拌一边加入全部高温碳基硬脂基结合剂；
C、混合搅拌15-30分钟后，最后用挤泥机压制成型。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种无水炮泥的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤B和C中，混合全过程温度控制在50℃。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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