CN109650841A - A kind of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109650841A
CN109650841A CN201811530102.9A CN201811530102A CN109650841A CN 109650841 A CN109650841 A CN 109650841A CN 201811530102 A CN201811530102 A CN 201811530102A CN 109650841 A CN109650841 A CN 109650841A
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Prior art keywords
wet gel
preparation
thermal insulation
insulation
fireproof sound
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CN201811530102.9A
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CN109650841B (en
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张怡
葛欣国
卢国建
赵长征
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Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
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Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
    • C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex materials and preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: step 1: wrapping up fibrofelt with fiber cloth；Step 2: the fibrofelt that fiber cloth is wrapped up in step 1 is immersed into SiO2In sol solution；Step 3: by sol-gel, dry obtained required fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material；The present invention has excellent fire line, solves the problems, such as existing aerogel blanket picking, decomposes under hot conditions and do not generate apparent poison gas, preparation process is simple, meets the requirement of safety and environmental protection.

Description

A kind of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire-proof sound insulation thermal insulation materials, and in particular to a kind of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material And preparation method thereof.
Background technique
It is easy using organic materials such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foams currently on the market in heat-insulating and noise-insulating material field Burning, and combustion process generates a large amount of toxic gas；Safety is poor and rock wool, glass fibre, foamed cement, aluminium silicate fiber Although the inorganic plates fire protecting performances such as dimension are excellent, the thermal coefficient of inorganic heat-insulation board is higher, density is larger, in order to reach reason The heat insulation effect thought generally requires the thickness for increasing insulating layer, not only influences to be related to thickness that is beautiful, also adding significantly protective layer Degree.
In recent years, the aeroge of rise is mutually to polymerize the porous network knot constituted by colloidal ion or polymer molecule Structure, and full of a kind of novel light solid material of gaseous state decentralized medium in gap, it is to be currently known the most light solid of quality Substance has the title of " solid-state smog "；Wherein, SiO2Aeroge is a kind of nanoporous ultra heat insulating material, because it has height Specific surface area, high porosity, extremely low performance density and with extremely low thermal coefficient and high absorption, load and catalytic capability etc. Excellent properties；Therefore, SiO2Aeroge all has very in fields such as optics, electricity, acoustics, chemical catalysis, environmental protection, medicine High application value；In addition, aeroge is by excellent heat-insulated, fire prevention, sound insulation value and extremely low flue gas toxity and in energy conservation Environmental protection and secure context have more and more important application；But SiO2Gel forming is poor, its plate preparation process is complicated, The problem of there is also easy pickings；By the inorganic material and SiO of good mechanical performance2It is to prepare high-performance to prevent that aerogel material, which combines, The effective way of fiery thermal insulation material；Application No. is 2016104986131 Chinese invention patents to disclose a kind of collection insulated fire The aeroge integrated board of sound insulation and decoration functions；Although the material effectively reduces own wt by MULTILAYER COMPOSITE, and has Good heat insulating ability；But the adhesive layer in the material has certain combustibility, reduces the fire line of material, and make The weight that stiffening plate density is larger, material is whole reduces limited；Application No. is the Chinese invention patents of 201711379245X Then disclose another heat-insulating fire-proofing material；The material is glued glass fabric by using environmentally-friendly acrylic ester or thermosol It connects in SiO2The surface of aerogel blanket prevents the leakage of aerogel blanket powder；Although the material also has excellent heat-insulated, resistance Combustion and the features such as compared with low-density；But Organic adhesive has combustibility, reduces the fire protecting performance of material entirety, while the material Expect that long-term use temperature is not high, there are problems that adhesive ageing failure.
SiO in the prior art2Aerogel material generally requires and alumina silicate felt, glass fibre because mouldability is poor Felt etc. is compound to be used；And SiO2Although aeroge has with the composite materials such as alumina silicate and alumina silicate felt, glass mat Good heat-insulated and fire line, but there are serious dusting problems, influence the practical application of product；It at present can be on the market Obtain application the most material multilayer of product it is compound come solve the problems, such as picking；The method that MULTILAYER COMPOSITE generally uses post-processing, The skin-materials such as glass fabric or aluminium foil are adhered to aerogel blanket surface using organic binder, to obtain mechanical property The aerogel heat-insulating material that can not lost powder well,；But existing multilayer materials are not only increased using the method for post-processing Material preparation process program, it is often more important that Organic adhesive used in the material belongs to flammable or combustible material mostly, Reduce the fire protecting performance of material entirety；It burns and with the generation of poison gas, and there is also aging mistakes for organic adhesion agent The problem of effect, reduces use temperature and the service life of material.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of with excellent fire line, solves the problems, such as existing aerogel blanket picking, high temperature item It is decomposed under part and does not generate apparent poison gas, preparation process is simple, meets the requirement of safety and environmental protection.
Present invention provide the technical scheme that a kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material, including Following steps:
Step 1: wrapping up fibrofelt with fiber cloth；
Step 2: the fibrofelt that fiber cloth is wrapped up in step 1 is immersed into SiO2In sol solution；
Step 3: by sol-gel, dry obtained required fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material.
Further, the fibrofelt is one of alumina silicate fiber felt and glass mat.
Further, the fiber cloth is glass fabric.
Further, the fibrofelt with a thickness of 3~100mm.
Further, the fiber cloth is with a thickness of 0.05~0.65mm.
A kind of composite material that the preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material obtains.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention is in forming process, a large amount of hydroxyl in glass fabric surface and SiO2It is covalent between aeroge Glass fabric is directly bonded in the aeroge core layer surface that fibrofelt and aeroge are formed by key or hydrogen bond action；Solving gas While gel dusting problems, the use of combustable organic adhesive is avoided, so that material possesses excellent fire protecting performance；
(2) in the present invention glass mat or alumina silicate felt through SiO2Collectively as the sandwich layer of material after aeroge is compound, Wherein, alumina silicate felt or glass mat ensure that the good mechanical property of material, and SiO2Aeroge enhance material every Heat and sound insulation value；
(3) compared to the method for aeroge post-processing bondable fibers cloth, glass fabric is in aerogel blanket forming process The method of In-situ reaction bonding reduces step of preparation process, helps to reduce production cost；
(3) material at high temperature decomposition does not generate poison gas in the present invention, has and the spies such as temperature height, long service life can be used Point, safety and environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of composite material of the present invention.
In figure, 1- aeroge sandwich layer, 2- upper epidermis, 3- layer.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: wrapping up fibrofelt with fiber cloth；
Step 2: the fibrofelt that fiber cloth is wrapped up in step 1 is immersed into SiO2In sol solution；
Step 3: by sol-gel, dry obtained required fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material.
Fibrofelt is one of alumina silicate fiber felt and glass mat；Fiber cloth is glass fabric；Fibrofelt With a thickness of 3~100mm；Fiber cloth is with a thickness of 0.05~0.65mm.
By ethyl orthosilicate, dehydrated alcohol and deionized water and N,N-dimethylformamide according to molar ratio 1:16:24: It is stirred evenly in 0.2 addition reactor, the salt acid for adjusting pH of 0.5mol/L is then added to 3~4, continues 1~2h of stirring.To just After silicate hydrolyzate is complete, the ammonium hydroxide of 0.5mol/L is slowly added dropwise, adjusts pH to 7~8,10~30min of stirring is obtained SiO2Sol solution.Successively glass-fiber-fabric, fibrofelt and glass-fiber-fabric are laid in mold, pour into SiO2Sol solution impregnates, and makes glass Fine cloth is attached at fibrofelt surface, stands until gel-forming.Aging 12h, n-hexane exchange 2 in ethanol solution by wet gel It is secondary, each 8~12h of aging.Finally, 60 DEG C, 80 DEG C and 100 DEG C each 6~8h of drying of difference.
The composite structure that is obtained through above-mentioned preparation method as shown in Figure 1, include aeroge sandwich layer 1, upper epidermis 2 and under Surface layer 3；Aeroge sandwich layer 1 is alumina silicate felt composite S iO2Aerogel layer or glass mat composite S iO2Aerogel layer is prepared into It arrives；Upper epidermis 2 and layer 3 are glass fabric；Glass fabric surface layer is by a large amount of hydroxyl in its surface and SiO2Gas Stronger covalent bond or hydrogen bond action are bonded in 1 surface of aeroge sandwich layer between gel, final to obtain required fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation Adiabator.
The SiO of aeroge sandwich layer 1 in the composite material being prepared after tested2The aperture of aerogel particle is 5~50nm, SiO2Aerogel particle specific surface area is 500~1000m2/g.The composite density being prepared after tested is 200kg/m3~ 300kg/m3, thermal coefficient is 0.020W/ (mK)~0.040W/ (mK)；It A1 grades of combustibility, AQ1 grades of flue gas toxity, can Place for having higher requirements to fireproof heat insulating, it can also be used to the sound-insulating of the vehicles such as train, ship.
The fire-proof sound insulation heat preservation composite material being prepared in the present invention, by aeroge sandwich layer 1, upper epidermis 2 and layer 3 The multilayered structure of composition；Aeroge sandwich layer 1 is using fibrofelt as skeleton reinforcing material, composite S iO2Aeroge forms；Glass fibers Dimension table layer (including upper epidermis 2 and layer 3) soaks glass fabric covered fiber felt when prepared by aeroge sandwich layer 1 jointly Enter SiO2In sol solution；Through sol-gel, drying, a large amount of hydroxyl in fiber cloth surface and SiO are utilized2It is stronger between aeroge Covalent bond or hydrogen bond action are bonded in 1 surface of aeroge sandwich layer；In aeroge sandwich layer 1, non-ignitable fibrofelt (alumina silicate felt or glass Glass fibrofelt) for material provide enough mechanical strengths and toughness, and there is good heat-proof quality, low thermal conductivity SiO2Aeroge further enhances the heat-proof quality of material；Make the overall thermal conductivity of material lower than 0.04W/ (mK) (one As the thermal coefficients of the inorganic material such as existing alumina silicate felt or glass mat be all larger than 0.040W/ (mK)).
Fiberglass skin participates in SiO2Gel forming process utilizes a large amount of hydroxyl in fiber cloth surface and SiO2Aeroge Between stronger covalent bond or hydrogen bond action be bonded in 1 surface of aeroge sandwich layer；Avoid making for flammable adhesive in conventional method With, be not present glue-line ageing failure the problem of, so that the combustibility of material is reached A1 grades, and high-temperature decomposition product toxicity is more It is low, flue gas toxity can reach AQ1 grades (if containing flammable adhesive in material, it is difficult to reach A1 grade of combustibility with AQ1 grades of flue gas toxity)；The glass fabric is in SiO2The method being bonded in situ during gel forming reduces the system of material Standby processing step helps to reduce production cost；The problem of cladding of fiberglass skin inhibits aeroge sandwich layer 1 to lose powder； The global density of material is relatively low, only 200kg/m3~300kg/m3.So the composite material that the present invention is prepared is with excellent Different fire protecting performance and low smoke toxicity, use are safer；And its lower density and low thermal conductivity protect it in building The application in the fields such as temperature, rail traffic is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: wrapping up fibrofelt with fiber cloth；
Step 2: the fibrofelt that fiber cloth is wrapped up in step 1 is immersed into SiO2In sol solution；
Step 3: by sol-gel, dry obtained required fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material.
2. a kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The fibrofelt is one of alumina silicate fiber felt and glass mat.
3. a kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The fiber cloth is glass fabric.
4. a kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The fibrofelt with a thickness of 3~100mm.
5. a kind of preparation method of fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that The fiber cloth is with a thickness of 0.05~0.65mm.
6. the system of one of -5 described any one claims fireproof sound-insulation thermal insulation wet gel complex material according to claim 1 The composite material that Preparation Method obtains.
CN201811530102.9A 2018-12-14 2018-12-14 Fireproof sound-insulation heat-preservation aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof Active CN109650841B (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111662558A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-09-15 无锡恒尚装饰工程有限公司 High-strength flame-retardant heat-insulation composite door and window
CN112038510A (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-04 江苏泛亚微透科技股份有限公司 Silica aerogel felt product coated with silica gel fireproof cloth for lithium ion power battery of electric vehicle and manufacturing method of silica aerogel felt product
CN112979269A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-18 施斌卿 Application of aerogel composite material in preparation of electric box body heat-insulating material
CN113089858A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-07-09 朱秦江 Anti-radiation aerogel composite coiled material and application method thereof in wall
CN113478930A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-08 浙江圣润纳米科技有限公司 High-pulling-resistance aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114804805A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-29 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 Aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114801395A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-07-29 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 Low-dust aerogel product and preparation method thereof
WO2024027168A1 (en) * 2022-07-31 2024-02-08 广东省公路建设有限公司湾区特大桥养护技术中心 Enhanced high-silica fiber composite aerogel fireproof material and preparation method therefor

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CN105599396A (en) * 2016-03-10 2016-05-25 深圳中凝科技有限公司 Spraying and pressing type aerogel felt and preparation method thereof
CN107415362A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-12-01 长兴泓矿炉料有限公司 A kind of heat-insulated strong alumina silicate fibre refractory felt
CN108146050A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-06-12 千藤（南京）环保科技有限公司 A kind of aeroge moistureproof cushion
CN108340641A (en) * 2018-04-01 2018-07-31 中鸿纳米纤维技术丹阳有限公司 A kind of high performance silicon aeroge insulation quilt
CN207825637U (en) * 2018-01-10 2018-09-07 上海大音希声新型材料有限公司 A kind of sandwich aerogel composite that do not lose powder

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US6103036A (en) * 1997-10-12 2000-08-15 Porextherm-Dammstoffe Gmbh Microporous pressed molded thermal insulator body and method for its production
CN103360019A (en) * 2013-07-18 2013-10-23 厦门大学 Preparation method of silicon-carbide-fibrofelt-enhanced silica aerogel composite material
CN204284800U (en) * 2014-12-07 2015-04-22 泉州三欣新材料科技有限公司 A kind of aerogel energy-saving heat-insulating felt
CN104496403A (en) * 2014-12-23 2015-04-08 南京唯才新能源科技有限公司 Reinforced aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN204712540U (en) * 2015-06-15 2015-10-21 四川科宁泰科技有限公司 A kind of heat insulation felt pan
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112038510A (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-04 江苏泛亚微透科技股份有限公司 Silica aerogel felt product coated with silica gel fireproof cloth for lithium ion power battery of electric vehicle and manufacturing method of silica aerogel felt product
CN111662558A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-09-15 无锡恒尚装饰工程有限公司 High-strength flame-retardant heat-insulation composite door and window
CN112979269A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-18 施斌卿 Application of aerogel composite material in preparation of electric box body heat-insulating material
CN113089858A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-07-09 朱秦江 Anti-radiation aerogel composite coiled material and application method thereof in wall
WO2022217651A1 (en) * 2021-04-12 2022-10-20 朱秦江 Anti-radiation aerogel composite coiled material and application method thereof in wall
CN113478930A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-08 浙江圣润纳米科技有限公司 High-pulling-resistance aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114804805A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-29 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 Aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114804805B (en) * 2022-04-24 2023-08-22 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 Aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
CN114801395A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-07-29 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 Low-dust aerogel product and preparation method thereof
WO2024027168A1 (en) * 2022-07-31 2024-02-08 广东省公路建设有限公司湾区特大桥养护技术中心 Enhanced high-silica fiber composite aerogel fireproof material and preparation method therefor

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