CN109638445B - Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome Download PDFInfo
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- CN109638445B CN109638445B CN201811258122.5A CN201811258122A CN109638445B CN 109638445 B CN109638445 B CN 109638445B CN 201811258122 A CN201811258122 A CN 201811258122A CN 109638445 B CN109638445 B CN 109638445B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
- H01Q1/424—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material comprising a layer of expanded material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material antenna housing and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of resin matrix composite material structure forming processes. The antenna housing is composed of an outer skin, a foam core layer, an inner skin and a reinforcing layer, wherein the outer skin, the inner skin and the reinforcing layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials, and the foam core layer is made of high-temperature resistant resin foam; after the outer skin and the inner skin are prepared and molded, the outer skin and the inner skin are used as dies, so that the integral molding of the foam core layer is realized, the preparation precision of the sandwich antenna housing is ensured, and the influence of the gap between the skin and the core layer on the strength and the performance of the antenna housing is avoided; aiming at the requirement of high bearing capacity of the antenna housing root, the thickening layer is laid at the root, the structural strength of the antenna housing root is improved, and meanwhile, the antenna housing is favorable for connection and assembly. The method solves the high-precision preparation problem of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome, meets the working requirements of the interlayer radome on high temperature resistance and high strength, and is convenient to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resin-based composite material structure forming processes, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant A interlayer composite material antenna housing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to improve the accurate striking, anti-interference and multi-target coping capability of the guided weapon, the ultra-wideband guidance technology is adopted by countries in the world in a competitive way, and the working frequency range of the guidance system is expanded to the ultra-wideband. As a key link of a guidance system, the ultra-wideband antenna housing is developed into a bottleneck problem which needs to be solved urgently. The traditional radome mostly adopts a solid half-wave wall structure, has the advantages of high strength and good wave-transmitting performance of specific frequency points, but has narrow wave-transmitting frequency band and heavy weight, and is difficult to realize broadband wave-transmitting.
The adoption of the sandwich structure is one of the main design methods for realizing the broadband wave-transmitting of the antenna housing. The sandwich structure can realize broadband wave transmission and high strength, and mainly has structural forms of an A sandwich layer, a C sandwich layer and the like. The sandwich structure A is a three-layer symmetrical structure, which consists of an inner compact surface layer, an outer compact surface layer and a porous core layer and has good weight/strength ratio. The sandwich structure C is formed by combining two sandwich structures A, the inner layer of the double-layer structure is made of foam materials, and the surface layer of the double-layer structure is made of compact materials. The C sandwich structure has a wider frequency band and is suitable for a high incident angle than the a sandwich structure, but has poor repeatability and phase performance, and the preparation process is complicated.
The porous core layer of the sandwich structure can adopt a foam or honeycomb sandwich layer. The honeycomb sandwich layer is mostly made of Nomex material. Patent CN 103647144 a "wide band honeycomb sandwich glass fiber reinforced plastic radome" introduces a radome structure using glass cloth as inner and outer skins and a honeycomb plate as a material sandwich. The honeycomb sandwich composite material structure has higher structural efficiency, but has higher manufacturing and maintenance cost, is sensitive to a damp and hot environment and is easy to damage. As commonly used Nomex honeycomb sandwich structures are susceptible to delamination due to the absence of reinforcement at the sandwich and panel interfaces, and after structural damage, tend to absorb moisture, which can cause the honeycomb to fail by a freeze/thaw mechanism. Compared with a honeycomb sandwich layer, the foam sandwich layer is an isotropic material, has good designability, has the characteristics of simple forming, small moisture absorption and the like, and is more and more widely applied to wave-transmitting and force-bearing structures.
A preparation method of the foam interlayer composite material radome comprises the steps of respectively preparing an inner skin, an outer skin and a core layer, and bonding the skin and the core layer into a whole by adopting methods such as gluing and the like. For example, CN 103660410A, "a wave-transparent sandwich material for antenna cover, its manufacturing method and use" uses adhesive to bond the inner and outer skins with the sandwich layer; patent CN 105172281A "a long-time high temperature resistant sandwich structure wave-transparent cover" adopts the inner cover, dustcoat to adopt ways such as riveting, cementing or pin to connect at rear end interface, and this kind of method has the following problem to the application of high performance antenna house: firstly, the requirement on the processing precision of the inner skin, the outer skin and the core layer is high, and the preparation difficulty is high; secondly, the skin and the core layer are difficult to completely joint, and if the gap between the skin and the core layer is filled by adopting a glue layer, the wave-transmitting performance can be reduced and the temperature resistance of the whole cover is influenced by the existence of the glue layer; and thirdly, if the gap between the skin and the core layer is not filled, the existence of the air layer can also influence the wave-transmitting performance and reduce the mechanical strength of the whole cover.
The other preparation method of the foam interlayer composite material radome is that the core layer is prepared first, then the layers are laid on the core layer, and the integral forming is carried out. In patent CN 105922703 a "a method for preparing a composite material radome with a thin-wall foam sandwich structure", after the inner surface or the outer surface of the foam is processed, a reinforcing material is laid on the basis of the processed inner surface or the outer surface, and resin is impregnated into the reinforcing material to prepare a skin; patent CN 106739043A PMI foam sandwich aircraft radome and manufacturing method thereof adopts the inner skin and the outer skin which are laid after flat foam is thermoformed and bent. The method has higher requirement on the manufacturing precision of the foam, and the problems of foam crushing, foam density and thickness change in the integral forming process and the like exist in the processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome and a preparation method thereof, wherein foam is integrally molded by taking an inner skin and an outer skin as a molding die, so that the problem of precise molding of the foam A interlayer radome is solved, and meanwhile, a reinforcing layer is laid at the root of a radome body, so that the root strength is improved, and the connection is convenient.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high temperature resistant foam A intermediate layer combined material antenna house, characterized by:
the foam core layer is attached to the inner skin;
the reinforcing layer is arranged at the bottom of the foam core layer;
the outer skin is wrapped outside the foam core layer and the reinforcing layer; the outer skin, the inner skin and the reinforcing layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials, and the foam core layer is made of high-temperature-resistant resin foam.
In the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the reinforced fibers comprise quartz fibers, low-dielectric glass fibers and high-silica fibers; the resin comprises silicon-containing aryne resin, polyaryl acetylene resin, polyimide resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin and cyanate resin, the outer skin and the inner skin are made of the same material, and the reinforcement layer and the inner skin and the outer skin can be made of the same material or different materials; the material of the foam core layer comprises silicon-containing aryne foam, polymethacrylimide foam, polyurethane foam and phenolic foam.
The thickness of the outer skin and the thickness of the inner skin of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome are the same and are both 0.4 mm-2 mm; the thickness of the foam core layer is 3 mm-15 mm.
The high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome is characterized in that an inner skin and a foam core layer are 50-80 mm shorter than an outer skin, a vacant part is filled with a solid thickening layer, the thickness of the reinforcing layer is 3-6 mm, and a variable-thickness or equal-thickness structure is adopted.
A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 2: sleeving an outer skin in a forming female die, sleeving an inner skin in a forming male die, positioning the forming female die and the forming male die through positioning pins, and assembling the forming female die and the forming male die into a whole by fastening screws;
and step 3: after resin, a foaming agent and a blowing assistant agent are uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed into a gap between an outer skin and an inner skin through a preset annular gap on a forming male die;
and 4, step 4: integrally heating to resin foaming temperature to prepare a foam core layer;
and 5: disassembling the mold and taking out the radome;
step 6: treating the root of the antenna housing to remove the redundant foam core layer;
and 7: laying an enhancement layer at the root of the antenna housing, and curing and molding in an autoclave;
and 8: and processing the connecting part of the antenna housing root.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome is characterized in that in the step 1, the outer skin and the inner skin are formed by RTM (resin transfer molding), compression molding or prepreg cloth laying;
the preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome is characterized in that in the step 7, the reinforcing layer is formed by adopting a prepreg cloth laying layer, and the thickness of a single layer of the prepreg cloth is 0.1-0.3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the outer skin and the inner skin are used as moulds, and the foam core layer is integrally formed in the gap between the inner skin and the outer skin, so that the preparation precision of the foam core layer can be ensured, and the seamless joint of the foam core layer and the inner skin and the outer skin is ensured;
2. compared with the traditional foam core layer bonding scheme, the foam core layer does not need to process the inner surface and the outer surface, the realization is convenient, the risk of crushing or cracking of the foam core layer in the processing is avoided, and the foam core layer and the inner and outer skins do not need to be bonded by adopting an adhesive, so that the influence of the adhesive on the wave-transmitting performance of the radome is avoided;
3. the root is laid the enhancement layer and has improved the structural strength of antenna house root, and the special adaptation is used for higher occasion of requirement to bearing such as guided missile antenna house, and the root can adopt to splice or the mechanical connection mode is connected, realizes conveniently, connects reliably.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature-resistant foam a-interlayer composite material radome of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a preparation flow chart of the high temperature resistant foam a interlayer composite material radome of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a foam core layer forming die of the high-temperature-resistant foam a-interlayer composite material radome of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a foam core layer forming die of the high-temperature-resistant foam a-interlayer composite material radome of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further described by way of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-temperature-resistant foam a sandwich composite material radome is composed of an outer skin 1, a foam core layer 2, an inner skin 3 and a reinforcement layer 4, wherein the foam core layer 2 is attached to the inner skin 1; the enhancement layer 4 is arranged at the bottom of the foam core layer; the outer skin 1 is wrapped outside the foam core layer and the reinforcing layer; the outer skin 1, the inner skin 3 and the reinforcing layer 4 are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials, and the foam core layer 2 is made of high-temperature-resistant resin foam.
In the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the reinforced fibers comprise quartz fibers, low-dielectric glass fibers and high-silica fibers; the resin comprises silicon-containing aryne resin, polyaryl acetylene resin, polyimide resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin and cyanate resin, the outer skin 1 and the inner skin 3 are made of the same material, and the reinforcing layer 4 and the inner and outer skins are made of the same material or different materials.
In this embodiment, the inner skin, the outer skin and the reinforcement layer are all made of quartz fiber reinforced silicon-containing aryne composite materials, the foam core layer is made of silicon-containing aryne foam, and the main material parameters of the radome are shown in table 1.
Table 1: main material parameters of high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer radome
The thickness of the outer skin 1 is the same as that of the inner skin 3, and both the thicknesses are 0.4 mm-2 mm; the thickness of the foam core layer 2 is 3 mm-15 mm; the inner skin 3 and the foam core layer 2 are shorter than the outer skin 1 by 50-80 mm, the vacant part is filled with a solid thickening layer 4, the thickness of the reinforcing layer 4 is 3-6 mm, and a variable-thickness or equal-thickness structure is adopted.
The preparation process flow of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome is shown in figure 2, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the reinforcement fabric is respectively prepared by adopting a 2D weaving process, the outer skin 1 and the inner skin 3 are prepared by adopting an RTM forming process, the resin injection temperature is 110 +/-5 ℃, the injection pressure is 1.5 +/-0.1 MPa, and the curing process is 170 ℃/2h, 210 ℃/2h and 250 ℃/4 h.
Step 2: as shown in fig. 3, an outer skin 1 is sleeved in a forming female die 5, an inner skin 3 is sleeved in a forming male die 6, then the forming male die 6 is positioned with the mounting surface of the forming female die 5 through 2 phi 10 positioning pins 8, and is assembled into a whole by using 8-M12 fastening screws 7;
and step 3: calculating the amount of the foaming material according to the volume of the foam core layer, and calculating the ratio of 100: 2: 2, weighing silicon-containing aryne resin, a foaming agent azodicarbonamide and a co-foaming agent urea, uniformly mixing, placing a foaming material into a gap between the outer skin 1 and the inner skin 3 through 2 annular notches 61 preset on the end surface of a forming male die 6 as shown in figure 4, and shaking the die to uniformly distribute the foaming material in the gap;
and 4, step 4: putting the whole mould into an oven, and foaming according to the following process: preparing a foam core layer 2 at 135 ℃/1h, 150 ℃/1h, 170 ℃/1h, 210 ℃/2h and 250 ℃/3 h;
and 5: disassembling the forming male die 6 and the forming female die 5, and performing demoulding treatment on the antenna housing;
step 6: removing excessive foam overflowing from the root of the radome, and keeping the foam core layer flush with the inner skin;
and 7: the method comprises the steps of attaching a thickening layer 4 to the root of the radome, selecting prepreg cloth with a single-layer thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm for manual laying, uniformly staggering the seam positions of laying layers, pre-curing every 5-10 layers, wherein the curing process is 170 ℃/2h, and finally integrally curing the thickening layer 4 after laying in place, wherein the curing process is 170 ℃/2h, 210 ℃/2h and 250 ℃/4 h.
And 8: the root connecting part is processed according to the connecting and assembling requirements of the antenna housing, and the antenna housing can be assembled with the cabin body or the connecting ring by adopting various modes such as adhesive bonding, screw connection, rivet connection and the like.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome comprises the following steps: the foam core layer is attached to the inner skin; the reinforcing layer is arranged at the bottom of the foam core layer; the outer skin is wrapped outside the foam core layer and the reinforcing layer; the outer skin, the inner skin and the reinforcing layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials, the foam core layer (2) is made of high-temperature-resistant resin foam, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, respectively preparing an outer skin (1) and an inner skin (3) by adopting a mould;
step 2: sleeving an outer skin (1) in a forming female die (5), sleeving an inner skin (3) in a forming male die (6), positioning the forming female die (5) and the forming male die (6) through a positioning pin (8), and assembling the two into a whole by using a fastening screw (7);
and step 3: uniformly mixing resin, a foaming agent and a co-foaming agent to form a foaming material, and placing the foaming material into a gap between an outer skin (1) and an inner skin (3) through a preset annular gap (61) on the end surface of a forming male die (6);
and 4, step 4: integrally heating to the resin foaming temperature to prepare a foam core layer (2);
and 5: disassembling the mold and taking out the radome;
step 6: treating the root of the antenna housing to remove the redundant foam core layer;
and 7: laying an enhancement layer (4) at the root of the antenna housing, and curing and molding in an autoclave;
and 8: and processing the connecting part of the antenna housing root.
2. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A-interlayer composite material radome of claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the outer skin (1) and the inner skin (3) are formed by RTM, compression molding or prepreg laying.
3. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome of claim 1, wherein in the step 7, the reinforcement layer is formed by laying prepreg cloth, and the thickness of a single layer of the prepreg cloth is 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
4. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A-sandwich composite material radome of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers of the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material comprise quartz fibers, low-dielectric glass fibers and high-silica fibers; the resin comprises silicon-containing aryne resin, polyaryl acetylene resin, polyimide resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin and cyanate resin, the outer skin (1) and the inner skin (3) are made of the same material, and the reinforcing layer (4) and the inner and outer skins are made of the same material or different materials.
5. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A sandwich composite material radome of claim 1, wherein the material of the foam core layer (2) comprises silicon-containing aryne foam, polymethacrylimide foam, polyurethane foam and phenolic foam.
6. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A-interlayer composite material radome as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the outer skin (1) and the thickness of the inner skin (3) are the same and are both 0.4mm to 2 mm; the thickness of the foam core layer (2) is 3 mm-15 mm.
7. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome of claim 1, wherein the inner skin (3) and the foam core layer (2) are shorter than the outer skin (1) by 50mm to 80mm, the vacant part is filled with a solid reinforcing layer (4), the thickness of the reinforcing layer (4) is 3mm to 6mm, and a variable-thickness or equal-thickness structure is adopted.
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| CN110867659A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-06 | 宁波曙翔新材料股份有限公司 | Wave-transparent antenna housing |
| JP2023524939A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2023-06-14 | サン－ゴバン パフォーマンス プラスティックス コーポレイション | composite film |
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| CN111525258B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-03-16 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Multi-interlayer structure antenna housing |
| CN111769361B (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-12-24 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Precise preparation method of high-temperature-resistant foam A interlayer composite material radome |
| CN111969316A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司济南特种结构研究所 | Variable-thickness front-part radome with unidirectional tape structure |
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| CN115611638B (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2024-04-19 | 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 | Sandwich-structure radome, and preparation method and processing tool thereof |
| CN115810912B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-04-02 | 武汉工大创新科技发展有限公司 | Window type radome manufacturing process |
| CN117154398B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-04-19 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant radome and preparation method thereof |
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| US4383955A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-05-17 | Marcelino Rubio | Process for fabricating a closed, foam-filled, reinforced polyester resin shell article |
| CN101630774B (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-09-26 | 北京玻钢院复合材料有限公司 | Glass steel radar cover single element and forming method thereof |
| CN105415710B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2018-03-16 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of antenna cover structure, its forming method and its mould |
| CN107244082B (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-10-18 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of forming method of thin-walled Varying-thickness composite antenna housing |
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