CN109638317B - Comprehensive management system and method for electrolyte of metal-air fuel cell - Google Patents
Comprehensive management system and method for electrolyte of metal-air fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN109638317B CN109638317B CN201910083722.0A CN201910083722A CN109638317B CN 109638317 B CN109638317 B CN 109638317B CN 201910083722 A CN201910083722 A CN 201910083722A CN 109638317 B CN109638317 B CN 109638317B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive management system and method for electrolyte of a metal air fuel cell, wherein the system comprises the following components: an electrolyte-protective solution circulation system for supplying or recovering an electrolyte or a protective solution to or from the battery; the product filtering and separating system is used for filtering and separating reaction products in the electrolyte; and the control unit is used for controlling the working states of the pump, the valve and the switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system through the liquid level detection unit, and changing the circulating paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump and the switch in the pipeline. The system can effectively improve the working performance of the metal air fuel cell, obviously reduce the self-corrosion in the parking process and prolong the service life of the cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal air fuel cells, in particular to a system and a method for comprehensively managing electrolyte of a metal air fuel cell.
Background
The metal air fuel cell technology is a clean energy technology for directly converting the chemical energy of metal into electric energy, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, low cost, convenient fuel storage and carrying, safety, no pollution and the like, and has good application prospect in the fields of vehicle power, mobile power supply, standby power supply of a communication base station and the like.
Specifically, the working principle of the metal-air fuel cell is that the metal generates electrochemical oxidation reaction in electrolyte in an anode chamber to generate metal oxide; oxygen in the air generates hydroxyl ions through electrochemical reduction reaction in a catalytic layer of an air electrode, and the electrode reaction is as follows (the metal M can be Li (lithium), mg (magnesium), al (aluminum), zn (zinc) and other elements):
anode reaction: 2M+2nOH – →M 2 O n +nH 2 O+2ne –
Cathode reaction: o (O) 2 +2H 2 O+4e – →4OH –
Total reaction: 4M+nO 2 →2M 2 O n
As the reaction proceeds, the metal oxide M 2 O n The concentration is continuously increased, and the electrolyte is electrolyzedAggregation and precipitation in the liquid. The metal oxide precipitation can reduce the conductivity of the electrolyte, increase the diffusion resistance of the reaction substances, reduce the working performance of the battery and shorten the service life of the battery. The electrolyte circulation filtering method can timely separate out the deposited metal oxide precipitate in the electrolyte, improve the working performance of the battery and prolong the service life.
In addition to the degradation of battery performance caused by metal oxide precipitation, the electrolyte presents problems during battery operation and shutdown: 1. the alkaline solution has corrosion effect on battery components, especially air electrodes, and can damage the electrode structure, thereby causing the performance of the battery to be reduced and the service life to be reduced; 2. the alkaline electrolyte reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to generate carbonate crystals, and the carbonate crystals can obstruct pores of a diffusion layer of an air electrode, so that the performance of the battery is reduced; 3. the metal electrode and the alkaline electrolyte have hydrogen evolution reaction, so that metal fuel is consumed, and the energy of the battery is obviously reduced after long-time parking. For problems of corrosion and energy loss caused by electrolyte during parking, effective countermeasures are urgently required.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive management system for electrolyte of a metal-air fuel cell, which can effectively improve the working performance of the metal-air fuel cell, remarkably reduce self-corrosion during parking, and prolong the service life of the cell.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for integrated management of metal-air fuel cell electrolytes.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a system for integrated management of a metal-air fuel cell electrolyte, including: an electrolyte-protective solution circulation system for supplying or recovering an electrolyte or a protective solution to or from the battery; the product filtering and separating system is used for filtering and separating reaction products in the electrolyte; and the control unit is used for controlling the working states of the pump, the valve and the switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system through the liquid level detection unit, and changing the circulating paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump and the switch in the pipeline.
According to the metal air fuel cell electrolyte comprehensive management system, through integrating three functions of electrolyte circulation, parking protection and product separation of the metal air fuel cell electrolyte comprehensive management system, the working performance of the metal air fuel cell can be effectively improved, the self-corrosion in the parking process is obviously reduced, and the service life of the cell is prolonged.
In addition, the integrated management system for metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system, the battery is connected to the electrolyte tank through a piping system, and an open-close state of the solenoid valve in the piping and an operation state of the pump are controlled to change a circulation path of the electrolyte and the protective liquid between the cell stack and the electrolyte tank;
if the density of the electrolyte is greater than that of the protection liquid, placing the protection liquid and the electrolyte in the same electrolyte tank, wherein the electrolyte and the protection liquid respectively flow out of the liquid inlet pipeline of the protection liquid and enter a liquid inlet main pipe, flow through a cell stack reaction chamber and then flow back to the electrolyte tank through the same liquid outlet main pipe;
if the density of the electrolyte is smaller than that of the protective liquid, the electrolyte and the protective liquid are respectively placed in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, enter a liquid inlet main pipe through respective liquid inlet pipelines, flow out of a liquid outlet main pipe after flowing through a battery reaction chamber, and flow back to the electrolyte tank or the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system includes: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, a cell stack, a liquid inlet main pipe, a liquid inlet branch pipe, a liquid outlet main pipe, a liquid outlet branch pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a pump.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, the product filtration separation system comprises: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, an electrolyte buffer area, an electrolyte filtering area, an electrolyte storage area, an electromagnetic valve and a pump; the electrolyte filtering area is positioned right below the electrolyte tank and is connected with the electrolyte tank through a switch;
after the battery enters a parking state, a switch at the bottom of the electrolyte tank is turned on, electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer area, the filtering area and the storage area to be settled under the action of gravity, when the liquid level of the electrolyte tank reaches the preset position of the liquid level detection unit, the switch is turned off, and when the battery is restarted, the electrolyte in the storage area is pumped back to the electrolyte tank again through the electromagnetic valve and the pump.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level information read by the liquid level detection unit controls the operation states of the pump and solenoid valve system in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system and the product filtration separation system.
In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for integrated management of an electrolyte of a metal-air fuel cell, including: the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system supplies or recovers electrolyte or protective solution to or from the battery; the product filtering and separating system filters and separates reaction products in the electrolyte; the control unit controls the working states of the pump, the valve and the switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system through the liquid level detection unit, and changes the circulating paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump and the switch in the pipeline.
According to the method for comprehensively managing the electrolyte of the metal air fuel cell, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, through integrating three functions of electrolyte circulation, parking protection and product separation of the comprehensive management system of the electrolyte of the metal air fuel cell, the working performance of the metal air fuel cell can be effectively improved, the self-corrosion in the parking process is obviously reduced, and the service life of the cell is prolonged.
In addition, the method for comprehensively managing the electrolyte of the metal-air fuel cell according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system, the battery is connected to the electrolyte tank through a piping system, and an open-close state of the solenoid valve in the piping and an operation state of the pump are controlled to change a circulation path of the electrolyte and the protective liquid between the cell stack and the electrolyte tank;
if the density of the electrolyte is greater than that of the protection liquid, placing the protection liquid and the electrolyte in the same electrolyte tank, wherein the electrolyte and the protection liquid respectively flow out of the liquid inlet pipeline of the protection liquid and enter a liquid inlet main pipe, flow through a cell stack reaction chamber and then flow back to the electrolyte tank through the same liquid outlet main pipe;
if the density of the electrolyte is smaller than that of the protective liquid, the electrolyte and the protective liquid are respectively placed in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, enter a liquid inlet main pipe through respective liquid inlet pipelines, flow out of a liquid outlet main pipe after flowing through a battery reaction chamber, and flow back to the electrolyte tank or the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, after the battery enters a parking state, a switch at the bottom of the electrolyte tank is turned on, the electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer area, the filtering area and the storage area to be subjected to standing settlement under the action of gravity, when the liquid level of the electrolyte tank reaches the preset position of the liquid level detection unit, the switch is turned off, and when the battery is restarted, the electrolyte in the storage area is pumped back to the electrolyte tank again through the electromagnetic valve and the pump.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level information read by the liquid level detection unit controls the operation states of the pump and solenoid valve system in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system and the product filtration separation system.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metal-air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of a metal air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a metal-air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of a metal air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for integrated management of metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a metal-air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system and a method thereof, and the embodiment of the invention provides a metal-air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system and a method thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metal-air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system according to one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated management system for metal-air fuel cell electrolyte comprises: electrolyte-protection liquid circulation system, product filtration separation system, control unit.
Wherein the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system is used for supplying or recovering the electrolyte or the protective solution to or from the battery.
And the product filtering and separating system is used for filtering and separating reaction products in the electrolyte.
And the control unit is used for controlling the working states of the pump, the valve and the switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system through the liquid level detection unit, and changing the circulating paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump and the switch in the pipeline.
The comprehensive management system for the electrolyte of the metal air fuel cell can effectively improve the working performance of the metal air fuel cell, remarkably reduce self-corrosion in the parking process and prolong the service life of the cell.
It is understood that the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system drives the electrolyte and the protective solution to circulate between the galvanic pile and the electrolyte tank, thereby realizing parking protection. The product filtering and separating system filters electrolyte in the electrolyte tank by a battery. The control unit regulates the operation of each subsystem of the battery system.
Further, the parking protection liquid is insoluble in water and electrolyte, does not react with metal fuel, has no corrosiveness to battery components and the like, and can be inorganic and organic solutions such as silicone oil, paraffin oil, perfluoropolyether and the like.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system includes: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, a cell stack, a liquid inlet main pipe, a liquid inlet branch pipe, a liquid outlet main pipe, a liquid outlet branch pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a pump;
the product filtration separation system comprises: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, an electrolyte buffer area, an electrolyte filtering area, an electrolyte storage area, an electromagnetic valve and a pump; the electrolyte filtering area is positioned right below the electrolyte tank and is connected with the electrolyte tank through a switch;
the electrolyte product filtering and separating system comprises a switch, foam nickel, a filter disc, a filter element, a liquid storage area, a pump, an electromagnetic valve and the like. The foam nickel, the filter disc and the filter element divide the electrolyte filtering area into three space areas of a buffer area, a filtering area and a storage area from top to bottom in sequence.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, after the battery enters a parked state, a switch at the bottom of the electrolyte tank is turned on, the electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer zone, the filtering zone and the reserve zone to be settled under the action of gravity, and when the liquid level of the electrolyte tank reaches the preset position of the liquid level detection unit, the switch is turned off, and when the battery is restarted, the electrolyte in the reserve zone is pumped back to the electrolyte tank through the electromagnetic valve and the pump.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level information read by the liquid level detection unit controls the operation states of the pump and solenoid valve system in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system and the product filtration separation system.
The electrolyte/protective solution circulation system used for the protective solution having a higher density than the electrolyte and the protective solution having a lower density than the electrolyte are different in terms of the piping system and the control strategy.
If the density of the electrolyte is greater than that of the protective liquid, the protective liquid and the electrolyte are placed in the same electrolyte tank, the electrolyte and the protective liquid respectively flow out from the liquid inlet pipeline of the protective liquid tank, enter the liquid inlet main pipe, flow through the cell stack reaction chamber and then flow back to the electrolyte tank through the same liquid outlet main pipe;
if the density of the electrolyte is smaller than that of the protective liquid, the electrolyte and the protective liquid are respectively placed in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, enter a liquid inlet main pipe through respective liquid inlet pipelines, flow out of a liquid outlet main pipe after flowing through a battery reaction chamber, and flow back to the electrolyte tank or the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
Specifically, if a protective solution with a density smaller than that of the electrolyte is used, the protective solution and the electrolyte are simultaneously placed in an electrolyte tank above the system, and the electrolyte is below and the protective solution is above due to the layered distribution of the density difference in the electrolyte tank.
During normal operation, electrolyte flows out of the electrolyte tank from the electrolyte inlet branch pipe below the electrolyte tank, enters the liquid inlet main pipe, flows through the battery reaction chamber and returns to the electrolyte tank through the liquid outlet main pipe; when the battery is parked, the protection liquid flows out of the protection liquid inlet branch pipe above the electrolyte tank, flows into the battery reaction chamber through the liquid inlet main pipe, the electrolyte in the battery reaction chamber and the liquid inlet main pipe and the liquid outlet main pipe is discharged by the protection liquid in the process, the discharged electrolyte flows back to the electrolyte tank through the liquid outlet main pipe, and when the electrolyte completely flows back to the electrolyte tank, the supply of the protection liquid is stopped, and at the moment, the battery reaction chamber is completely filled with the protection liquid, and the battery enters a parked protection state; when the device is started again, electrolyte flows out from the electrolyte inlet branch pipe, flows into the battery reaction chamber through the liquid inlet main pipe, brings out the protection liquid in the battery reaction chamber and the pipeline, and returns the protection liquid to the electrolyte tank through the liquid outlet main pipe, and stays on the upper layer of the liquid surface under the action of buoyancy. After the protective liquid in the battery reaction area and the pipeline is completely discharged, the electrolyte starts to work in a normal circulation mode.
Specifically, if the protective solution with the density larger than that of the electrolyte is used, the electrolyte and the protective solution are respectively arranged in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, the electrolyte and the protective solution still flow into the battery reaction area through respective liquid inlet branch pipes and a liquid inlet main pipe, flow out of the battery reaction area, and then flow back to the electrolyte tank and the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
Further, in the embodiment of the invention, the switch is connected with the electrolyte tank and the electrolyte filtering area, the switch is opened, and the electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer area, the filtering area and the storage area for standing filtering under the action of self gravity. The foam nickel and the box space above the foam nickel form a buffer layer, and the electrolyte is buffered and decelerated in the buffer layer, so that the effect of improving the filtering effect is achieved; the filter screen and the box space below the foam nickel and above the filter screen form a filter area, and the electrolyte in the filter area is filtered out metal oxide sediment in the electrolyte through the filter screen. The electrolyte filtered by the filter screen enters an electrolyte storage area at the lowest part of the device, and impurities which are not filtered are placed in the storage area for sedimentation and are adsorbed by the filter element; at start-up, the pump pumps electrolyte in the electrolyte reservoir back to the electrolyte tank.
The operation of the integrated management system for metal-air fuel cell electrolyte of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples,
as shown in fig. 1, the selected protecting solution 1 has a density smaller than that of the electrolyte 4, the protecting solution 1 is distributed on the upper layer of the electrolyte tank, and the electrolyte 4 is distributed on the lower layer of the electrolyte tank.
The electrolyte-protective solution circulation system mainly comprises an electrolyte tank 3, a protective solution outlet branch pipe 6, an electrolyte outlet branch pipe 7, electromagnetic valves 8 and 9, a pump 10, a liquid inlet main pipe 11, a liquid outlet main pipe 13 and an electromagnetic valve 14. The electrolyte product filtering and separating system mainly comprises a switch 15, foam nickel 17, a filter screen 19, a filter element 21, an electromagnetic valve 22, a pump 24 and liquid level detection units 2 and 5.
As shown in fig. 2, a flow chart of operation is shown when the density of the protective liquid 1 is smaller than that of the electrolyte 4.
When the battery works normally, the electromagnetic valves 9 and 14 are opened, the electromagnetic valve 8 is closed, the pump 10 works, the electrolyte 4 sequentially enters the battery reaction zone 12 through the electrolyte outlet branch pipe 7, the electromagnetic valve 9, the pump 8 and the liquid inlet main pipe 11 to participate in battery reaction, and the reacted electrolyte and the product sequentially flow back to the electrolyte tank 3 through the liquid outlet main pipe 13 and the electromagnetic valve 14 to complete electrolyte circulation. When the battery is stopped, the electromagnetic valve 9 is closed, the electromagnetic valves 8 and 14 are opened, and the pump 10 works. The protective liquid 1 enters the battery reaction area 12 through the protective liquid inlet branch pipe 6, the electromagnetic valve 8, the pump 10 and the liquid inlet main pipe 11, meanwhile, the electrolyte 4 in the battery reaction area and the liquid inlet and outlet main pipes 11 and 13 is discharged by the protective liquid 1, and the discharged electrolyte 4 flows back to the electrolyte tank 3 through the liquid outlet main pipe 13 and the electromagnetic valve 14. After the protection liquid 1 completely fills the battery reaction area 12, the electromagnetic valves 8 and 14 are closed, the pump 10 is closed, and the battery enters a parking protection state.
The product filtering and separating system is positioned right below the electrolyte tank 3, and the switch 15 controls the communication between the electrolyte tank 3 and the electrolyte product filtering and separating system. The foam nickel 17 and the upper box space buffer zone 16 thereof, the filter screen 19 and the box space above the filter screen 19 and below the foam nickel 16 form a filter zone 18, and the filter element 21 and the box space below the filter screen 19 form a storage zone 20.
After the battery is stopped and the protecting liquid 1 fills the space of the battery reaction chamber 12 completely, the electromagnetic valves 8 and 14 are closed, and after the pump 10 stops working, the product filtering and separating system starts working. The switch 15 is opened, the electrolyte 4 in the electrolyte tank 3 enters the filtering system under the action of gravity, the electrolyte 4 sequentially flows through the buffer zone 16, the filtering zone 18 and the reserve zone 20 for standing settlement, the corresponding height of the liquid level detection unit 5 is the liquid level of the electrolyte in the electrolyte tank which completely enters the electrolyte filtering zone protection liquid 1, and the switch 15 is closed when the liquid level is reduced to the preset height of the liquid level detection unit 5. The liquid flowing through the buffer zone 16 is buffered and decelerated by the nickel foam 17 and enters the filter zone 18. Electrolyte 4 in the filtering area 18 enters the reserve area 20 after being filtered by the filter screen 19, the electrolyte 4 stands and settles in the reserve area 20, and sediment generated in the settling process is adsorbed by the filter element 21. The foam nickel 17, the filter screen 19 and the filter element 20 are all detachable and replaceable. When the electrolyte tank is restarted, the electromagnetic valve 23 is opened, the pump 24 works for a period of time, and after the liquid level in the electrolyte tank 3 reaches the preset height of the liquid level detection unit 2, namely, all the liquid in the storage area is pumped back to the electrolyte tank, the electromagnetic valve 23 is closed, and the pump 24 is closed.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the density of the selected protecting solution 1 is greater than that of the electrolyte 4, the electrolyte 4 is stored in the electrolyte tank 3 at the top of the system, the protecting solution 1 is stored in the electrolyte storage area 20 at the bottom of the system, the liquid level of the electrolyte 4 is initially level with the preset height of the liquid level detecting unit 2, and the liquid level of the protecting solution 1 is level with the preset height of the liquid level detecting unit 5.
The electrolyte-protective solution circulation system mainly comprises an electrolyte tank 3, a protective solution outlet branch pipe 6, an electrolyte outlet branch pipe 7, electromagnetic valves 8, 9, 14 and 25, a pump 10, a liquid inlet main pipe 11, a liquid outlet main pipe 13, a protective solution outlet branch pipe 26, an electrolyte outlet branch pipe 27 and a liquid level detection unit 2. The electrolyte product filtering and separating system mainly comprises a switch 15, foam nickel 17, a filter screen 19, a filter element 21, an electromagnetic valve 22, a reflux pump 24 and liquid level detection units 2, 5 and 28.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of the method for integrated electrolyte management of the embodiment shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, when the battery is in normal operation, the valves 8 and 14 are opened, the pump 10 is operated, the electrolyte 4 flows out from the electrolyte inlet branch pipe 6, flows into the battery reaction chamber 12 through the valve 8, the pump 10 and the inlet main pipe 12, participates in battery reaction in the battery reaction chamber 12, and flows back to the electrolyte tank 3 through the valve 14 and the outlet branch pipe 27 to complete electrolyte circulation. When the battery is parked, the valve 8 is closed, the valves 9 and 14 are opened, the pump 10 works, the protection liquid 1 flows out from the protection liquid inlet branch pipe 7, enters the battery reaction chamber 12 through the valve 9, the pump 10 and the liquid inlet main pipe 11, meanwhile, the battery reaction chamber 12 and the electrolyte 4 in the pipeline are discharged by the pumped protection liquid 1, and the discharged electrolyte 4 flows back to the electrolyte tank 3 through the valve 14 and the electrolyte liquid outlet branch pipe 27.
The electrolyte flowing back makes the liquid level of the electrolyte tank rise, when the liquid level reaches the initial height, namely the preset height of the liquid level detection unit 2, the electrolyte 4 is completely pumped back to the electrolyte tank 3, the space of the battery reaction chamber 12 and the liquid inlet main pipe 11 is filled with the protective liquid, at the moment, the valves 14 and 9 are closed, the pump 10 stops working, and the battery enters a parking protection state. In the parking process, the electrolyte 3 enters a product filtering and separating system for filtering, and is pumped back to the electrolyte tank 3 when being restarted. When the electrolyte 4 is completely pumped back to the electrolyte tank 3, the valves 8 and 25 are opened, the pump 10 is operated, the electrolyte 4 enters the battery reaction chamber 12 through the electrolyte inlet branch pipe 6, the valve 8 and the inlet main pipe 11, and meanwhile, the protective liquid 1 in the battery reaction chamber 12 flows back to the electrolyte storage area 20 at the bottom of the system through the liquid outlet main pipe 13, the valve 25 and the protective liquid outlet branch pipe 26. After the liquid level in the electrolyte storage area 20 rises to the preset liquid level of the liquid level detection unit 5, the protective liquid 1 in the battery reaction chamber completely returns to the electrolyte storage area 20, at the moment, the valve 25 is closed, the valve 14 is opened, the electrolyte entering the battery reaction chamber 12 flows back to the electrolyte tank 3 through the valve 14, the electrolyte outlet branch pipe 27 starts to circulate, and the battery works normally.
The electrolyte product filtering and separating system is positioned right below the electrolyte tank 3, and the switch 15 controls the communication between the electrolyte tank 3 and the product filtering and separating system. The foam nickel 17 and the upper box space buffer zone 16 thereof, the filter screen 19 and the box space above the filter screen 19 and below the foam nickel 16 form a filter zone 18, and the filter element 21 and the box space below the filter screen 19 form a storage zone 20.
The battery is stopped, the protection liquid 1 is completely pumped into the battery reaction chamber 12, the electromagnetic valves 8 and 14 are closed, and after the pump 10 stops working, the product filtering and separating system starts working. The switch 15 is opened, the electrolyte 4 in the electrolyte tank 3 enters the filtering system under the action of gravity, the electrolyte 4 sequentially flows through the buffer zone 16, the filtering zone 18 and the storage zone 20 for standing settlement, the corresponding height of the liquid level detection unit 28 is the liquid level of the electrolyte storage zone after the electrolyte 4 in the electrolyte tank completely enters the electrolyte filtering zone, and the switch 15 is closed when the liquid level rises to the preset height of the liquid level detection unit 28. The liquid electrolyte 4 flowing through the buffer zone 16 is buffered and decelerated by the foam nickel 17 and enters the filter zone 18. Electrolyte 4 in the filtering area 18 enters the reserve area 20 after being filtered by the filter screen 19, the electrolyte 4 stands and subsides in the reserve area 20, and sediment generated in the sedimentation process is adsorbed by the filter element 21. The foam nickel 17, the filter screen 19 and the filter element 20 are all detachable and replaceable. When the electrolyte tank is started again, the electromagnetic valve 23 is opened, the pump 24 works, and after the liquid level in the electrolyte tank 3 reaches the preset height of the liquid level detection unit 2, namely, all the liquid in the storage area is pumped back to the electrolyte tank 3, the electromagnetic valve 23 is closed, and the pump 24 is closed.
According to the metal air fuel cell electrolyte comprehensive management system provided by the embodiment of the invention, through integrating three functions of electrolyte circulation, parking protection and product separation of the metal air fuel cell electrolyte comprehensive management system, the working performance of the metal air fuel cell can be effectively improved, the self-corrosion in the parking process is obviously reduced, and the service life of the cell is prolonged.
Next, a method for comprehensively managing an electrolyte of a metal-air fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for integrated management of metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for the integrated management of the electrolyte of the metal-air fuel cell comprises the following steps:
in step S101, the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system supplies or recovers the electrolyte or the protective solution to or from the battery.
In step S102, the reaction products in the electrolyte are filtered and separated by the product filtering and separating system.
In step S103, the control unit controls the working states of the pump, the valve, and the switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system through the liquid level detection unit, and changes the circulation paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump, and the switch in the pipeline.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system, the battery is connected to the electrolyte tank through a pipe system, and the open-close state of the solenoid valve in the pipe and the operation state of the pump are controlled to change the circulation paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid between the battery stack and the electrolyte tank;
if the density of the electrolyte is greater than that of the protective liquid, the protective liquid and the electrolyte are placed in the same electrolyte tank, the electrolyte and the protective liquid respectively flow out from the liquid inlet pipeline of the protective liquid tank, enter the liquid inlet main pipe, flow through the cell stack reaction chamber and then flow back to the electrolyte tank through the same liquid outlet main pipe;
if the density of the electrolyte is smaller than that of the protective liquid, the electrolyte and the protective liquid are respectively placed in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, enter a liquid inlet main pipe through respective liquid inlet pipelines, flow out of a liquid outlet main pipe after flowing through a battery reaction chamber, and flow back to the electrolyte tank or the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
Further, in one embodiment of the invention, after the battery enters a parked state, a switch at the bottom of the electrolyte tank is turned on, the electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer zone, the filtering zone and the reserve zone to be settled under the action of gravity, and when the liquid level of the electrolyte tank reaches the preset position of the liquid level detection unit, the switch is turned off, and when the battery is restarted, the electrolyte in the reserve zone is pumped back to the electrolyte tank through the electromagnetic valve and the pump.
Further, in one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid level information read by the liquid level detection unit controls the operation states of the pump and solenoid valve system in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system and the product filtration separation system.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the integrated management system for the electrolyte of the metal-air fuel cell is also applicable to the method of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
According to the metal air fuel cell electrolyte comprehensive management method provided by the embodiment of the invention, through integrating three functions of electrolyte circulation, parking protection and product separation of the metal air fuel cell electrolyte comprehensive management system, the working performance of the metal air fuel cell can be effectively improved, the self-corrosion in the parking process is obviously reduced, and the service life of the cell is prolonged.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A metal air fuel cell electrolyte integrated management system, comprising:
an electrolyte-protective solution circulation system for supplying or recovering an electrolyte or a protective solution to or from the battery;
the product filtering and separating system is used for filtering and separating reaction products in the electrolyte;
the control unit is used for controlling the working states of the pump, the valve and the switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system through the liquid level detection unit, and changing the circulating paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump and the switch in the pipeline;
in the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system, a battery is connected with an electrolyte tank through a pipeline system, and the opening and closing states of electromagnetic valves in the pipeline and the working states of a pump are controlled to change the circulation paths of the electrolyte and the protective solution between a battery stack and the electrolyte tank;
if the density of the electrolyte is greater than that of the protection liquid, placing the protection liquid and the electrolyte in the same electrolyte tank, wherein the electrolyte and the protection liquid respectively flow out of the liquid inlet pipeline of the protection liquid and enter a liquid inlet main pipe, flow through a cell stack reaction chamber and then flow back to the electrolyte tank through the same liquid outlet main pipe;
if the density of the electrolyte is smaller than that of the protective liquid, the electrolyte and the protective liquid are respectively placed in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, enter a liquid inlet main pipe through respective liquid inlet pipelines, flow out of a liquid outlet main pipe after flowing through a battery reaction chamber, and flow back to the electrolyte tank or the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
2. The integrated management system for metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein,
the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system includes: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, a cell stack, a liquid inlet main pipe, a liquid inlet branch pipe, a liquid outlet main pipe, a liquid outlet branch pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a pump.
3. The integrated management system for metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein,
the product filtration separation system comprises: the device comprises an electrolyte tank, an electrolyte buffer area, an electrolyte filtering area, an electrolyte storage area, an electromagnetic valve and a pump; the electrolyte filtering area is positioned right below the electrolyte tank and is connected with the electrolyte tank through a switch;
after the battery enters a parking state, a switch at the bottom of the electrolyte tank is turned on, electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer area, the filtering area and the storage area to be settled under the action of gravity, when the liquid level of the electrolyte tank reaches the preset position of the liquid level detection unit, the switch is turned off, and when the battery is restarted, the electrolyte in the storage area is pumped back to the electrolyte tank again through the electromagnetic valve and the pump.
4. The integrated management system for metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein,
and the working states of the pump and the electromagnetic valve system in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system and the product filtering and separating system are controlled by the liquid level information read by the liquid level detection unit.
5. The comprehensive management method for the electrolyte of the metal air fuel cell is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system supplies or recovers electrolyte or protective solution to or from the battery;
the product filtering and separating system filters and separates reaction products in the electrolyte;
the control unit controls the working states of a pump, a valve and a switch in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulation system through the liquid level detection unit, and changes the circulation paths of the electrolyte and the protective liquid through the working combination among the valve, the pump and the switch in the pipeline;
in the electrolyte-protective solution circulation system, a battery is connected with an electrolyte tank through a pipeline system, and the opening and closing states of electromagnetic valves in the pipeline and the working states of a pump are controlled to change the circulation paths of the electrolyte and the protective solution between a battery stack and the electrolyte tank;
if the density of the electrolyte is greater than that of the protection liquid, placing the protection liquid and the electrolyte in the same electrolyte tank, wherein the electrolyte and the protection liquid respectively flow out of the liquid inlet pipeline of the protection liquid and enter a liquid inlet main pipe, flow through a cell stack reaction chamber and then flow back to the electrolyte tank through the same liquid outlet main pipe;
if the density of the electrolyte is smaller than that of the protective liquid, the electrolyte and the protective liquid are respectively placed in an electrolyte tank at the top of the device and an electrolyte storage area at the bottom of the device, enter a liquid inlet main pipe through respective liquid inlet pipelines, flow out of a liquid outlet main pipe after flowing through a battery reaction chamber, and flow back to the electrolyte tank or the electrolyte storage area through respective liquid outlet branch pipes.
6. The method for integrated management of metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to claim 5, wherein,
after the battery enters a parking state, a switch at the bottom of the electrolyte tank is turned on, the electrolyte sequentially passes through the buffer area, the filtering area and the storage area to be settled under the action of gravity, when the liquid level of the electrolyte tank reaches the preset position of the liquid level detection unit, the switch is turned off, and when the battery is restarted, the electrolyte in the storage area is pumped back to the electrolyte tank again through the electromagnetic valve and the pump.
7. The method for integrated management of metal-air fuel cell electrolyte according to claim 5, wherein,
and the working states of the pump and the electromagnetic valve system in the electrolyte-protective liquid circulating system and the product filtering and separating system are controlled by the liquid level information read by the liquid level detection unit.
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| CN110729500B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-02-09 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Separation system and separation method for reaction product of metal fuel cell |
| CN110729501B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-11-27 | 北京机械设备研究所 | Recycling metal fuel cell system and reaction product separation method thereof |
| CN113594505A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 云南创能斐源金属燃料电池有限公司 | Fuel cell liquid supply system and fuel cell |
| CN112164844A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-01 | 蔚蓝(广东)新能源科技有限公司 | Metal-air battery capable of discharging for multiple times and implementation method |
| CN112973224A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-18 | 清华大学 | Electrolyte circulation filtering device for fuel cell and flushing method thereof |
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