CN109635463A - Full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method - Google Patents
Full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method, this kind of flexible measurement method includes the real time data for obtaining combustion system operating parameter；Collected data are pre-processed, the valid data for solving calorific value of gas are obtained；According to the valid data of acquisition, coal gas dry base heat value is calculated；This method solves to obtain coal gas dry base heat value according to the relation indirect between dry air amount and calorific value of gas, and the volume content percentage of each ingredient of as-fired coal gas is further calculated.This method is suitable for using coal gas of converter and the combustion apparatus using air and gas preheating technology, calculated result can be used for instructing the burning optimization of combustion apparatus to adjust, foundation is provided for the safety and economical operation of combustion apparatus, it solves current most of steel mill's gas-fired systems and gas composition in-line analyzer is not configured to combustion apparatus operation bring inconvenience and difficulty, there is good engineering practical value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is to be related to the industrial furnace technology field of Thermal Power Engineering, and specifically combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace enters furnace entirely
Gas composition online soft sensor method.
Background technique
Iron and steel enterprise produces a large amount of coal gas of converter in steel making working procedure, as the by-product resource of smelting process, converter
The effective recycling of coal gas is one of the emphasis of the energy-saving work of iron and steel enterprise.
Currently, steel mill mainly passes through industrial furnace (such as heater for rolling steel, gas boiler, hot-blast stove, ladle baking facility)
Digest coal gas of converter.For industrial furnace, fuel value be its firing optimization important evidence and industrial furnace thermal efficiency it is important
Input parameter, the variation of fuel value and fluctuation can safety to industrial furnace and economical operation produce a very large impact.However, due to
Condition is limited, and current most of iron and steel enterprises all do not configure calorific value of gas on-line measurement device to industrial furnace, and steel mill is substantially still
It is so regular assay value is manually entered as current calorific value of gas.And in fact, by factors such as upstream smelting procedures
Influence, the ingredient and calorific value of coal gas of converter are difficult to keep stablizing, often in fluctuation status, the regular laboratory values that are manually entered
It is likely to greatly deviate from current true value, this will largely interfere the operation judges of industrial furnace operations staff, shadow
Ring the optimization operation of industrial furnace.
Therefore, it is necessary to be directed to the combustion apparatus of air and gas double pre-heating, propose that a kind of full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace enters
Producer gas ingredient online soft sensor method, picks out coal gas of converter calorific value by industrial furnace operating parameter, so be calculated into
As a result the volume content percentage of each ingredient of producer gas can be used for instructing the burning optimization of industrial furnace to adjust, be the peace of industrial furnace
Complete and economical operation provides foundation, and as-fired coal gas ingredient is not configured with the current most of steel rolling mills, iron and steel enterprise of solution and divides online
Analyzer is inconvenient and difficult to industrial furnace operation bring.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, provides full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient soft survey online
Amount method.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method, it is characterised in that: combustion system setting
There are air preheater and gas preheater, by obtaining combustion system operating parameter, and operating parameter is handled, solved
To calorific value of gas, is further calculated by solving obtained calorific value of gas data and successively obtain the volume of each ingredient of as-fired coal gas and contain
Percentage is measured, the specific steps of which are as follows:
Step 1, the real time data of combustion system operating parameter is obtained；
Step 2, the data obtained to step 1 pre-process, and obtain the valid data for solving calorific value of gas；
Step 3, the valid data obtained according to step 2 solve calorific value of gas, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, it is assumed that an initial coal gas dry base heat value
Step 3.2, pass through the coal gas dry base heat value of hypothesisThe dry sky of theory needed for calculating every cubic metre of dry gas burning
ToleranceThe theoretical dry flue gas amount generated with every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Step 3.3, fuel characteristic factor χ is calculated by theoretical dry air amount and theoretical dry flue gas amount；
Step 3.4, excess air coefficient α is calculated by the fuel characteristic factor；
Step 3.5, the practical dry flue gas amount V that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates is calculatedgy；
Step 3.6, dry flue gas enthalpy, vapor enthalpy, air enthalpy and coal gas enthalpy are calculated separately；
Step 3.7, steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates is calculated
Step 3.8, the corresponding dry air flow V for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas is calculatedgk；
Step 3.9, coal gas dry base heat value Q is calculatedd；
Step 3.10, by QdWithDifference absolute valueIt is compared with the error limit ε of setting:
WhenWhen greater than error limit ε, coal gas dry base heat value is assumed againAnd step 3.2 is executed again to step
Rapid 3.10, whenWhen less than or equal to error limit ε, output coal gas dry base heat value Qd；
Step 3.11, the volume content percentage φ (H of H2 in dry gas is calculated2)；
Step 3.12, the volume content percentage φ (CO) of CO in dry gas is calculated；
Step 3.13, O in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (O2)；
Step 3.14, CO in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (CO2)；
Step 3.15, N in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (N2)。
The circular of the step 3.2 is as follows:
Theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burningCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；For the coal gas butt heat of hypothesis
Value；a1、b1For theoretical dry air amount design factor；
The theoretical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generatesCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,The theoretical dry flue gas amount generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；For the coal gas butt heat of hypothesis
Value；a2、b2For theoretical dry flue gas amount design factor；
The specific formula for calculation of fuel characteristic factor χ is as follows in the step 3.3:
Wherein, χ is the fuel characteristic factor；The theoretical dry flue gas amount generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；It is every
Theoretical dry air amount needed for cubic meter dry gas burning.
The operating parameter acquired in the step 1 includes flue gas oxygen content, excess air coefficient in the step 3.4
Steps are as follows for the calculating of α:
Wherein, α is excess air coefficient；χ is the fuel characteristic factor；φ′(O2) it is flue gas oxygen content；
When the operating parameter acquired in the step 1 includes flue gas oxygen content and CO content in smoke, the cigarette
Gas oxygen content and CO content in smoke are the dry flue gas ingredient of same observation station position, excess air coefficient α in the step 3.4
Calculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, α is excess air coefficient；χ is the fuel characteristic factor；φ′(O2), φ ' (CO) be respectively flue gas oxygen content
And CO content in smoke.
The practical dry flue gas amount V that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates in the step 3.5gyCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, VgyThe practical dry flue gas amount generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；It burns for every cubic metre of dry gas
The theoretical dry flue gas amount of generation；For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；α is excess air coefficient.
Collected combustion system operating parameter includes air preheater fume side inlet temperature, sky in the step 1
Air preheater fume side outlet temperature, gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, air
Preheater air side inlet temperature, air preheater air side outlet temperature, gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature and coal gas
Preheater coal gas side outlet temperature, the calculating side of dry flue gas enthalpy, vapor enthalpy, air enthalpy and coal gas enthalpy in the step 3.6
Method is as follows:
(1) calculate separately dry flue gas air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature,
Enthalpy under gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ1For air preheater fume side inlet temperature；θ2For air preheater fume side outlet temperature；θ3For coal
Air preheater fume side inlet temperature；θ4For gas preheater fume side outlet temperature；HGy, 1It is dry flue gas in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy
Value；HGy, 2It is dry flue gas in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 3It is dry flue gas in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 4It is dry flue gas in θ4Temperature
Enthalpy under degree；
(2) calculate separately vapor air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature,
Enthalpy under gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ1For air preheater fume side inlet temperature；θ2For air preheater fume side outlet temperature；θ3For coal
Air preheater fume side inlet temperature；θ4For gas preheater fume side outlet temperature；It is vapor in θ1At a temperature of
Enthalpy；It is vapor in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；For water steaming
Gas is in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy；
(3) the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air is calculated separately in air preheater air side inlet temperature, air
Enthalpy under preheater air side outlet temperature, steps are as follows for calculating:
Wherein, tk1For air preheater air side inlet temperature；tk2For air preheater air side outlet temperature；HK, 1For
The corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air is in tk1At a temperature of enthalpy；HK, 2Exist for the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air
tk2At a temperature of enthalpy；
(4) the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas is calculated separately in gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature, coal gas
Enthalpy at a temperature of preheater coal gas side outlet, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, tm1For gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature；tm2For gas preheater coal gas side outlet temperature；HM, 1For
The corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas is in tm1At a temperature of enthalpy；HM, 2Exist for the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas
tm2At a temperature of enthalpy.
Collected combustion system operating parameter includes local atmospheric pressure, relative humidity of atomsphere, ring in the step 1
Border temperature, gas pressure, gas temperature, the step 3.6 calculate the absolute humidity of air and coal gas water capacity in step
Calculation method is as follows:
The air absolute humidity dkCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, dkFor air absolute humidity；paFor local atmospheric pressure；φ is relative humidity of atomsphere；psFor environment temperature t0
Under steam-laden pressure；
The coal gas water capacity dgCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, dgFor coal gas water capacity；paFor local atmospheric pressure；pgFor gas pressure (gauge pressure)；ps' it is gas temperature tg
Under saturated steam partial pressure.
Steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates in the step 3.7Calculating
Formula is as follows:
Wherein,Steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；VgyIt is every cubic metre
The practical dry flue gas amount that dry gas burning generates；HGy, 3It is dry flue gas in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 4It is dry flue gas in θ4Temperature
Under enthalpy；It is vapor in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy；HM, 1It is every
The corresponding wet gas of cubic meter dry gas is in tm1At a temperature of enthalpy；HM, 2It is the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas in tm2
At a temperature of enthalpy.
The corresponding dry air flow V for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas in the step 3.8gkCalculating
Formula is as follows:
Wherein, VgkFor the corresponding dry air flow for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas；VgyIt is every cubic metre
The practical dry flue gas amount that dry gas burning generates；Vapor contained in the flue gas generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Amount；HGy, 1It is dry flue gas in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 2It is dry flue gas in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ1
At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；HK, 1Exist for the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air
tk1At a temperature of enthalpy；HK, 2It is the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air in tk2At a temperature of enthalpy.
Coal gas dry base heat value Q in the step 3.9dCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, QdFor coal gas of converter dry base heat value calculated value；VgkAir preheat is flowed through for every cubic metre of dry gas is corresponding
The dry air flow of device；α is excess air coefficient；Δ α is air leakage coefficient, for comprehensive burner hearth leak out on flue gas oxygen content measuring point
Air leakage coefficient after swimming air leakage into flue duct.
In the step 3.11 to step 3.15, H in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (H2), CO in dry gas
Volume content percentage φ (CO), O in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (O2), CO in dry gas2Volume content
Percentage φ (CO2), N in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (N2) calculation formula it is as follows:
H in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (H2) calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, φ (H2) it is H in dry gas2Volume content percentage；It is generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Steam vapour amount contained in flue gas；α is excess air coefficient；For theoretical dry air needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Amount；dkFor the absolute humidity of air；dgFor coal gas water capacity；
The calculation formula of the volume content percentage φ (CO) of CO in dry gas are as follows:
Wherein, φ (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in dry gas；QdFor coal gas of converter dry base heat value；φ(H2) be
H in dry gas2Volume content percentage；
O in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (O2) calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, φ (O2) it is O in dry gas2Volume content percentage；φ (CO) is the volume content hundred of CO in dry gas
Divide rate；φ(H2) it is H in dry gas2Volume content percentage；For the dry sky of theory needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Tolerance；
CO in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (CO2) calculation formula are as follows:
φ(CO2)=Vgy[φ′(CO2)+φ′(CO)]-φ(CO)
Wherein, φ (CO2), φ (CO) be respectively CO in dry gas2, CO volume content percentage；VgyIt is every cubic metre
The practical dry flue gas amount that dry gas burning generates；φ′(CO2), φ ' (CO) be respectively CO in dry flue gas2, CO volume content hundred
Divide rate；
N in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (N2) calculation formula are as follows:
φ(N2)=100- φ (CO)-φ (CO2)-φ(H2)-φ(O2)
Wherein, φ (N2)、φ(CO)、φ(CO2)、φ(H2)、φ(O2) it is respectively N in dry gas2、CO、CO2、H2、O2's
Volume content percentage.
The beneficial effect that the present invention fires coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method entirely is:
First, coal gas of converter calorific value can be picked out by measuring industrial furnace operating parameter, and then as-fired coal is calculated
As a result the volume content percentage of each ingredient of gas can be used for instructing the burning optimization of industrial furnace to adjust, be industrial furnace safety and
Economical operation provides foundation, solves current most of iron and steel enterprise's industrial furnaces and is not configured and divides online into furnace coal gas of converter ingredient
Analyzer is inconvenient and difficult to industrial furnace operation bring, has good engineering practical value.
Second, thermal value soft measurement result of the present invention accuracy with higher and reliability.
Third, invention investment is small, at low cost, can be realized, has good implementable without increasing expensive Thermal Meter
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the work flow diagram of the full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further explained in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the characteristic that gas-fired equipment has includes: using pure burning coal gas of converter and to adopt in the present embodiment
With air and gas preheating technology.
In the present embodiment, the full specific implementation step for firing coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method
It is as follows:
Step 1, the real time data of combustion system operating parameter is obtained；The combustion system operating parameter got includes but not
It is limited to: flue gas oxygen content, local atmospheric pressure, relative humidity of atomsphere, environment temperature, gas pressure, gas temperature, air preheat
Device fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature, gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater
Fume side outlet temperature, air preheater air side inlet temperature, air preheater air side outlet temperature, gas preheater coal
Gas side inlet temperature and gas preheater coal gas side outlet temperature.
Preferably, the point position of the flue gas oxygen content is located at air preheater flue gas side outlet and gas preheater cigarette
In flue between the entrance of gas side.Further, if the side-entrance of gas preheater flue gas and air preheater flue gas side outlet
It is within close proximity, then air preheater fume side outlet temperature, gas preheater fume side inlet temperature can only survey one.
Step 2, the data obtained to step 1 pre-process, and the pretreatment mode of data includes but is not limited at bad point
Reason and data smoothing processing, obtain the valid data for solving calorific value of gas.
Step 3, the valid data obtained according to step 2 solve calorific value of gas, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, it is assumed that an initial coal gas butt Lower heat value
Step 3.2, theoretical dry air amount needed for calculating every cubic metre of dry gas burningIt is fired with every cubic metre of dry gas
Burn the theoretical dry flue gas amount generatedThe specific method is as follows:
Theoretical dry air amount needed for calculating every cubic metre of dry gas burningCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；For
It is assumed that coal gas butt Lower heat value, kJ/Nm3；
For coal gas of converter, a1=1.858 × 10-4, b1=0；
Calculate the theoretical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,For the theoretical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；For
It is assumed that coal gas butt Lower heat value, kJ/Nm3；
For coal gas of converter, a2=1.449 × 10-4, b2=1.
Step 3.3, fuel characteristic factor χ, calculation formula are calculated are as follows:
Wherein, χ is the fuel characteristic factor；For the theoretical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, Nm3/Nm3
(dry gas)；For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas).
Step 3.4, excess air coefficient, calculation formula are calculated are as follows:
Wherein, α is excess air coefficient；χ is the fuel characteristic factor；φ′(O2) it is flue gas oxygen content, %；
It is further preferred that when the collected operating parameter of step 1 further includes CO content in smoke, at this point, above-mentioned
The change of four calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, α is excess air coefficient；χ is the fuel characteristic factor；φ′(O2), φ ' (CO) be respectively flue gas oxygen content
And CO content in smoke；
The flue gas oxygen content and CO content in smoke are the dry flue gas ingredient of same observation station position.
Step 3.5, the practical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, calculation formula are calculated are as follows:
Wherein, VgyFor the practical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；It is every
The theoretical dry flue gas amount that cubic meter dry gas burning generates, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；Needed for burning for every cubic metre of dry gas
Theoretical dry air amount, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；α is excess air coefficient.
Step 3.6, dry flue gas enthalpy, vapor enthalpy, air enthalpy and coal gas enthalpy are calculated separately:
(1) calculate separately dry flue gas air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature,
Enthalpy under gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ1For air preheater fume side inlet temperature, DEG C；θ2For air preheater fume side outlet temperature, DEG C；
θ3For gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, DEG C；θ4For gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, DEG C；HGy, 1Exist for dry flue gas
θ1At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HGy, 2It is dry flue gas in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HGy, 3It is dry flue gas in θ3Temperature
Under enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HGy, 4It is dry flue gas in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；
(2) calculate separately vapor air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature,
Enthalpy under gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ1For air preheater fume side inlet temperature, DEG C；θ2For air preheater fume side outlet temperature, DEG C；
θ3For gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, DEG C；θ4For gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, DEG C；For vapor
In θ1At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ3
At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；
(3) the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air is calculated separately in air preheater air side inlet temperature, air
Enthalpy under preheater air side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, tk1For air preheater air side inlet temperature, DEG C；tk2For air preheater air side outlet temperature,
℃；HK, 1It is the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air in tk1At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HK, 2For every cubic metre of dry air
Corresponding humid air is in tk2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；dkFor air absolute humidity, kg/kg (dry air)；
(4) the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas is calculated separately in gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature, coal gas
Enthalpy at a temperature of preheater coal gas side outlet, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, tm1For gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature, DEG C；tm2For gas preheater coal gas side outlet temperature,
℃；HM, 1It is the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas in tm1At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HM, 2For every cubic metre of dry gas
Corresponding wet gas is in tm2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；dgFor coal gas water capacity, kg/Nm3(dry gas).
In the present embodiment, letter is can be used in air absolute humidity needed for the calculating in step 3.6 and coal gas water capacity
The exact value being calculated can also be used in the setting value of change, when air absolute humidity and coal gas water capacity are obtained by calculation
When, circular is as follows:
Calculate air absolute humidity dk, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, dkFor air absolute humidity, kg/kg (dry air)；paFor local atmospheric pressure, Pa；φ is that atmosphere is relatively wet
Degree, %；psFor environment temperature t0Under steam-laden pressure, Pa can pass through environment temperature t0Solution obtains；
Calculate coal gas water capacity dg, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, dgFor coal gas water capacity, kg/Nm3(dry gas)；paFor local atmospheric pressure, Pa；pgFor gas pressure (table
Pressure), Pa；ps' it is gas temperature tgUnder saturated steam partial pressure, Pa can pass through gas temperature tgSolution obtains.
Step 3.7, steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates is calculatedCalculation formula
Are as follows:
Wherein,Steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning, Nm3/Nm3(dry coal
Gas)；VgyFor the practical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；HGy, 3It is dry flue gas in θ3
At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HGy, 4It is dry flue gas in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ3Temperature
Under enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HM, 1It is corresponding for every cubic metre of dry gas
Wet gas in tm1At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HM, 2It is the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas in tm2At a temperature of enthalpy
Value, kJ/Nm3。
Step 3.8, the corresponding dry air flow V for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas is calculatedgk, calculation formula
Are as follows:
Wherein, VgkFor the corresponding dry air flow for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas, Nm3/Nm3(dry coal
Gas)；VgyFor the practical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；It is dry for every cubic metre
Steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas that gas-fired generates, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；HGy, 1It is dry flue gas in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy
Value, kJ/Nm3；HGy, 2It is dry flue gas in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy,
kJ/Nm3；It is vapor in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HK, 1Exist for the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air
tk1At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3；HK, 2It is the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air in tk2At a temperature of enthalpy, kJ/Nm3。
Step 3.9, coal gas butt Lower heat value Q is calculatedD, net, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, QD, netFor coal gas butt Lower heat value calculated value, kJ/Nm3；VgkIt is flowed through for every cubic metre of dry gas is corresponding
The dry air flow of air preheater, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；α is excess air coefficient；Δ α is air leakage coefficient, is composite burner
Thorax leaks out and the air leakage coefficient after the air leakage into flue duct of flue gas oxygen content measuring point upstream, and the combustion of operation under positive pressure is in for burner hearth and flue
Burning equipment value is 0, and setting value then can be used in the combustion apparatus for being in negative pressure operation for burner hearth and flue.
Step 3.10, by QD, netWithDifference absolute valueCompared with the error limit ε of setting
Compared with:
WhenGreater than setting error limit ε when, again assume coal gas butt Lower heat valueAnd again
Step 3.2 is executed to step 3.10, whenWhen less than or equal to setting value ε, output coal gas butt Lower heat value
QD, net。
Further, whenGreater than setting error limit ε when, willIt is assigned to the hypothesis
Coal gas butt Lower heat valueStep 3.2 is executed again to step 3.10, untilLess than or equal to setting
Error limit ε.
Step 3.11, H in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, φ (H2) it is H in dry gas2Volume content percentage, %；It is produced for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Steam vapour amount contained in raw flue gas, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；α is excess air coefficient；It is fired for every cubic metre of dry gas
Theoretical dry air amount needed for burning, Nm3/Nm3(dry gas)；dkFor the absolute humidity of air, kg/kg；dgFor coal gas water capacity,
kg/Nm3(dry gas).
Step 3.12, the volume content percentage of CO in dry gas, calculation formula are calculated are as follows:
Wherein, φ (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in dry gas, %；QD, netFor coal gas of converter butt low level heat
Value, kJ/m3；φ(H2) be dry gas in H2 volume content percentage, %.
Step 3.13, O in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, φ (O2) it is O in dry gas2Volume content percentage, %；φ (CO) is that the volume of CO in dry gas contains
Measure percentage, %；φ(H2) it is H in dry gas2Volume content percentage, %；Needed for burning for every cubic metre of dry gas
Theoretical dry air amount, m3/m3(dry gas).
Step 3.14, CO in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage, calculation formula are as follows:
φ(CO2)=Vgy[φ′(CO2)+φ′(CO)]-φ(CO)
Wherein, φ (CO2), φ (CO) be respectively CO in dry gas2, CO volume content percentage, %；VgyIt is every cube
The practical dry flue gas amount that rice dry gas burning generates；φ′(CO2), φ ' (CO) be respectively CO in dry flue gas2, CO volume content
Percentage, %.
Step 3.15, N in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage, calculation formula are as follows:
φ(N2)=100- φ (CO)-φ (CO2)-φ(H2)-φ(O2)
Wherein, φ (N2)、φ(CO)、φ(CO2)、φ(H2)、φ(O2) it is respectively N in dry gas2、CO、CO2、H2、O2's
Volume content percentage, %.
In the present embodiment, calorific value of gas is solved using coal gas butt Lower heat value.In the specific implementation process, coal gas
Calorific value can also be used coal gas butt higher calorific value and be solved, and only the related coefficient of each formula will adjust accordingly.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment,
All technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should be regarded as protection of the invention
Range.
Claims (10)
1. combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method entirely, it is characterised in that: combustion system is provided with
Air preheater and gas preheater by obtaining combustion system operating parameter, and are handled operating parameter, and solution obtains
Calorific value of gas further calculates the volume content for successively obtaining each ingredient of as-fired coal gas by the calorific value of gas data that solution obtains
Percentage, the specific steps of which are as follows:
Step 1, the real time data of combustion system operating parameter is obtained；
Step 2, the data obtained to step 1 pre-process, and obtain the valid data for solving calorific value of gas；
Step 3, the valid data obtained according to step 2 solve calorific value of gas, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, it is assumed that an initial coal gas dry base heat value
Step 3.2, pass through the coal gas dry base heat value of hypothesisTheoretical dry air amount needed for calculating every cubic metre of dry gas burningThe theoretical dry flue gas amount generated with every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Step 3.3, fuel characteristic factor χ is calculated by theoretical dry air amount and theoretical dry flue gas amount；
Step 3.4, excess air coefficient α is calculated by the fuel characteristic factor；
Step 3.5, the practical dry flue gas amount V that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates is calculatedgy；
Step 3.6, dry flue gas enthalpy, vapor enthalpy, air enthalpy and coal gas enthalpy are calculated separately；
Step 3.7, steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates is calculated
Step 3.8, the corresponding dry air flow V for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas is calculatedgk；
Step 3.9, coal gas dry base heat value Q is calculatedd；
Step 3.10, by QdWithDifference absolute valueIt is compared with the error limit ε of setting:
WhenWhen greater than error limit ε, coal gas dry base heat value is assumed againAnd step 3.2 is executed again to step
3.10 whenWhen less than or equal to error limit ε, output coal gas dry base heat value Qd；
Step 3.11, H in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (H2)；
Step 3.12, the volume content percentage φ (CO) of CO in dry gas is calculated；
Step 3.13, O in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (O2)；
Step 3.14, CO in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (CO2)；
Step 3.15, N in dry gas is calculated2Volume content percentage φ (N2)。
2. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as described in claim 1, feature exist
In: the circular of the step 3.2 is as follows:
Theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burningCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；For the coal gas dry base heat value of hypothesis；a1、
b1For theoretical dry air amount design factor；
The theoretical dry flue gas amount that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generatesCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,The theoretical dry flue gas amount generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；For the coal gas dry base heat value of hypothesis；a2、
b2For theoretical dry flue gas amount design factor；
The specific formula for calculation of fuel characteristic factor χ is as follows in the step 3.3:
Wherein, χ is the fuel characteristic factor；The theoretical dry flue gas amount generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；It is every cube
Theoretical dry air amount needed for rice dry gas burning.
3. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 2, feature exist
In: the operating parameter acquired in the step 1 includes flue gas oxygen content, the meter of excess air coefficient α in the step 3.4
Steps are as follows for calculation:
Wherein, α is excess air coefficient；χ is the fuel characteristic factor；φ′(O2) it is flue gas oxygen content；
When the operating parameter acquired in the step 1 includes flue gas oxygen content and CO content in smoke, the flue gas contains
Oxygen amount and CO content in smoke are the dry flue gas ingredient of same observation station position, the meter of excess air coefficient α in the step 3.4
It is as follows to calculate formula:
Wherein, α is excess air coefficient；χ is the fuel characteristic factor；φ′(O2), φ ' (CO) be respectively flue gas oxygen content and flue gas
Middle CO content.
4. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 3, feature exist
In: the practical dry flue gas amount V that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates in the step 3.5gyCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, VgyThe practical dry flue gas amount generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；It is generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Theoretical dry flue gas amount；For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；α is excess air coefficient.
5. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In: collected combustion system operating parameter includes air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheat in the step 1
Device fume side outlet temperature, gas preheater fume side inlet temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, air preheater
Air side inlet temperature, air preheater air side outlet temperature, gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature and gas preheater
Coal gas side outlet temperature, dry flue gas enthalpy in the step 3.6, vapor enthalpy, the calculation method of air enthalpy and coal gas enthalpy are as follows:
(1) dry flue gas is calculated separately in air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature, coal gas
Enthalpy under preheater flue gas side-entrance temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ1For air preheater fume side inlet temperature；θ2For air preheater fume side outlet temperature；θ3It is pre- for coal gas
Hot device fume side inlet temperature；θ4For gas preheater fume side outlet temperature；HGy, 1It is dry flue gas in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy；
HGy, 2It is dry flue gas in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 3It is dry flue gas in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 4It is dry flue gas in θ4Temperature
Under enthalpy；
(2) vapor is calculated separately in air preheater fume side inlet temperature, air preheater fume side outlet temperature, coal gas
Enthalpy under preheater flue gas side-entrance temperature, gas preheater fume side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, θ1For air preheater fume side inlet temperature；θ2For air preheater fume side outlet temperature；θ3It is pre- for coal gas
Hot device fume side inlet temperature；θ4For gas preheater fume side outlet temperature；It is vapor in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy
Value；It is vapor in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；For vapor
In θ4At a temperature of enthalpy；
(3) the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air is calculated separately in air preheater air side inlet temperature, air preheat
Enthalpy under device air side outlet temperature, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, tk1For air preheater air side inlet temperature；tk2For air preheater air side outlet temperature；HK, 1Often to stand
The corresponding humid air of square rice dry air is in tk1At a temperature of enthalpy；HK, 2It is the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air in tk2Temperature
Enthalpy under degree；
(4) the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas is calculated separately in gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature, gas preheating
Enthalpy at a temperature of device coal gas side outlet, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, tm1For gas preheater coal gas side-entrance temperature；tm2For gas preheater coal gas side outlet temperature；HM, 1Often to stand
The corresponding wet gas of square rice dry gas is in tm1At a temperature of enthalpy；HM, 2It is the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas in tm2Temperature
Enthalpy under degree.
6. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 5, feature exist
In: collected combustion system operating parameter includes local atmospheric pressure, relative humidity of atomsphere, environment temperature in the step 1
Degree, gas pressure, gas temperature, the step 3.6 calculate the absolute humidity of air and the calculating of coal gas water capacity in step
Method is as follows:
The air absolute humidity dkCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, dkFor air absolute humidity；paFor local atmospheric pressure；φ is relative humidity of atomsphere；psFor environment temperature t0Under
Steam-laden pressure；
The coal gas water capacity dgCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, dgFor coal gas water capacity；paFor local atmospheric pressure；pgFor gas pressure (gauge pressure)；ps' it is gas temperature tgUnder
Saturated steam partial pressure.
7. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 5, feature exist
In: steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas that every cubic metre of dry gas burning generates in the step 3.7Calculation formula such as
Under:
Wherein,Steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；VgyFor every cubic metre of dry gas
The practical dry flue gas amount that burning generates；HGy, 3It is dry flue gas in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 4It is dry flue gas in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy
Value；It is vapor in θ3At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ4At a temperature of enthalpy；HM, 1It is every cubic metre
The corresponding wet gas of dry gas is in tm1At a temperature of enthalpy；HM, 2It is the corresponding wet gas of every cubic metre of dry gas in tm2At a temperature of
Enthalpy.
8. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 7, feature exist
In: the corresponding dry air flow V for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas in the step 3.8gkCalculation formula
It is as follows:
Wherein, VgkFor the corresponding dry air flow for flowing through air preheater of every cubic metre of dry gas；VgyFor every cubic metre of dry coal
The practical dry flue gas amount that gas burning generates；Steam vapour amount contained in the flue gas generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；
HGy, 1It is dry flue gas in θ1At a temperature of enthalpy；HGy, 2It is dry flue gas in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；It is vapor in θ1Temperature
Enthalpy under degree；It is vapor in θ2At a temperature of enthalpy；HK, 1It is the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air in tk1
At a temperature of enthalpy；HK, 2It is the corresponding humid air of every cubic metre of dry air in tk2At a temperature of enthalpy.
9. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 8, feature exist
In: coal gas dry base heat value Q in the step 3.9dCalculation formula it is as follows:
Wherein, QdFor coal gas of converter dry base heat value calculated value；VgkFor the corresponding air preheater that flows through of every cubic metre of dry gas
Dry air flow；α is excess air coefficient；Δ α is air leakage coefficient, is leaked out and flue gas oxygen content measuring point upstream cigarette for comprehensive burner hearth
Road leak out after air leakage coefficient.
10. full combustion coal gas of converter industrial furnace as-fired coal gas ingredient online soft sensor method as claimed in claim 9, feature exist
In: in the step 3.11 to step 3.15, H in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (H2), in dry gas CO appearance
O in product percent content φ (CO), dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (O2), CO in dry gas2Volume content percentage
Rate φ (CO2), N in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (N2) calculation formula it is as follows:
H in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (H2) calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, φ (H2) it is H in dry gas2Volume content percentage；The flue gas generated for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Contained in steam vapour amount；α is excess air coefficient；For theoretical dry air amount needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning；dk
For the absolute humidity of air；dgFor coal gas water capacity；
The calculation formula of the volume content percentage φ (CO) of CO in dry gas are as follows:
Wherein, φ (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in dry gas；QdFor coal gas of converter dry base heat value；φ(H2) it is dry coal
H in gas2Volume content percentage；
O in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (O2) calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, φ (O2) it is O in dry gas2Volume content percentage；φ (CO) is the volume content percentage of CO in dry gas
Rate；φ(H2) it is H in dry gas2Volume content percentage；For theoretical dry air needed for every cubic metre of dry gas burning
Amount；
CO in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (CO2) calculation formula are as follows:
φ(CO2)=Vgy[φ′(CO2)+φ′(CO)]-φ(CO)
Wherein, φ (CO2), φ (CO) be respectively CO in dry gas2, CO volume content percentage；VgyFor every cubic metre of dry gas
The practical dry flue gas amount that burning generates；φ′(CO2), φ ' (CO) be respectively CO in dry flue gas2, CO volume content percentage；
N in dry gas2Volume content percentage φ (N2) calculation formula are as follows:
φ(N2)=100- φ (CO)-φ (CO2)-φ(H2)-φ(O2)
Wherein, φ (N2)、φ(CO)、φ(CO2)、φ(H2)、φ(O2) it is respectively N in dry gas2、CO、CO2、H2、O2Volume
Percent content.
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| CN111666530B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2023-09-01 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Gas combustion calculation method based on component correction |
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