CN109633367A - Power transmission line fault locating method based on voltage, curent change before and after failure - Google Patents
Power transmission line fault locating method based on voltage, curent change before and after failure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109633367A CN109633367A CN201811395499.5A CN201811395499A CN109633367A CN 109633367 A CN109633367 A CN 109633367A CN 201811395499 A CN201811395499 A CN 201811395499A CN 109633367 A CN109633367 A CN 109633367A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of power transmission line fault locating methods based on voltage, curent change before and after failure.Fault location equation is constructed according to the distributed parameter model of transmission line of electricity first, after the failure occurred, the voltage recorded using transmission line of electricity both ends PMU, current phasor value calculate positive sequence voltage, forward-order current variable quantity before and after failure, substitute into the fault location equation of construction, calculate abort situation.The present invention is not influenced by transition resistance and fault initial angle, is suitable for various types of short circuits and ground fault, abort situation, precision, reliability and practical engineering value with higher also can be effectively determined when nearly bus-bar fault occurs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power transmission line fault locating methods based on voltage, curent change before and after failure.
Background technique
Core component of the transmission line of electricity as entire power grid will result in power Transmission once breaking down
It is disconnected, it will to seriously affect people and normally produce, live.For long-distance transmission line, it is difficult to pass through people after breaking down
Work line walking is searched, removes failure, therefore a kind of accurate, rapid Fault Locating Method is for reducing economic loss, improving system
Stability is of great significance.
Currently, common power transmission line fault locating method can be divided into traveling wave method and impedance method two major classes.Traveling wave method is logical
The wave head information for crossing detection fault traveling wave carries out fault location, very high to the sample frequency requirement of traveling wave detector device, is difficult
The large-scale application in actual electric network.Impedance method is solved by deriving the relational expression comprising fault distance, system parameter, is counted
Abort situation is calculated, method is simple, and positioning rapidly, can apply to the positioning of multiple types failure, in addition, utilizing the same step number at both ends
According to the influence that can also eliminate fault resstance, there is very high application value in fault location field.Therefore research principle is simple, real
With property is strong, novel power transmission line fault localization method of high reliablity has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to be become based on voltage, electric current before and after failure
The power transmission line fault locating method of change can be more convenient, rapidly realize transmission open acess.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Based on the power transmission line fault locating method of voltage, curent change before and after failure, include the following steps:
Step 1 establishes Transmission Line Distributed Parameter model, calculates the propagation coefficient γ and characteristic impedance Z of route, derives packet
Fault location equation containing fault distance, propagation coefficient, characteristic impedance and Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities；
Step 2 after detecting failure on the transmission line, extracts the three-phase electricity of the PMU record of route both ends installation respectively
Pressure, current dataWithWherein, i=1,2, respectively represent before failure and therefore
After barrier, M represents route head end, and N represents line end, and A, B, C respectively represent A phase, B phase, C phase；
Step 3, the data according to step 2 calculate the positive sequence voltage at route both endsAnd forward-order currentValue；
Step 4 utilizes the variable quantity of voltage, electric current phasor before and after the failure of formula (1) computing electric power line both ends:
Wherein,The variable quantity of route head end, terminal voltage phasor is represented,Represent route head
It holds, the variable quantity of end current phasor；
Calculated result in step 4 is substituted into the fault location equation derived in step 1 by step 5, solves fault distance
x1、x2, as shown in formula (2),
Re(A)x1 2+Re(B)x1+ Re (C)=0
Im(A)x2 2+Im(B)x2+ Im (C)=0 (2)
Wherein, x1、x2The distance between representing fault point and route head end M, Re and Im respectively represent real and imaginary parts, and
Here, L represents the length of transmission line of electricity；
Step 6, the preliminary fault distance for solving step 5 substitute into formula (3), select correct fault distance xReAnd xIm:
|x1j-x2k| < ε (3)
Wherein, x1jRepresent the j solution that real part equation obtains in solution procedure 5, x2kRepresent imaginary part equation in solution procedure 5
K obtained solution, xReRepresent the correct fault distance obtained by real part equation, xImRepresent the correct event obtained by imaginary part equation
Hinder distance, ε represents selection threshold value；
Step 7, according to the selection in step 6, utilize formula (4) to calculate accurate fault distance X:
Preferably, in step 1, the step of calculating the propagation coefficient γ and characteristic impedance Z of route, further comprises:
Wherein, Z0Represent the impedance of unit length route, Y0Represent the admittance of unit length route.
Preferably, in step 1, it is fixed to derive the failure comprising fault distance, propagation coefficient, characteristic impedance and Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities
The step of azimuth equation, further comprises:
1. calculating the formula of the voltage phasor at any point from route both ends for transmission line of electricity are as follows:
2. the positive sequence voltage of fault point is calculated from route both ends using formula (6) after failure occurs
Wherein, L represents the length of transmission line of electricity；
Due to the fault point voltage U extrapolated from route both endsFIt is worth equal, obtains:
3. it is same, when not breaking down, for position x, still meet the voltage phase calculated to from x from route both ends
Deng obtaining:
The two form is identical, and parameter is consistent, and formula (8) and formula (9) are subtracted each other to obtain:
4. calculating to simplify, by cosh (x) and sinh (x) Taylor expansion, first two and first item are taken respectively:
Sinh (x)=x
Cosh (x)=1+x2 (11)
Hyperbolic sine, cosine function after abbreviation is substituted into formula (10), is organized into the canonical form of quadratic equation with one unknown, point
Do not take the real and imaginary parts of coefficient A, B, C that fault location equation can be obtained:
Re(A)x2+ Re (B) x+Re (C)=0
Im(A)x2+ Im (B) x+Im (C)=0 (12)
Wherein, the distance between x representing fault point and route head end M, Re and Im respectively represent real and imaginary parts, and
Preferably, in step 3, calculate route both ends positive sequence voltage, forward-order current the step of further comprise:
Wherein, a represents operation operator, a=ej120°。
Preferably, in step 6, the number j=2 for the solution that real part equation obtains, the number k=2 for the solution that imaginary part equation obtains.
Preferably, in step 6, in fault distance selection, the value of ε is taken as 2km.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is not by the shadow of transition resistance and fault initial angle
It rings, is suitable for various types of short circuits and ground fault on transmission line of electricity, event also can be effectively determined when nearly bus-bar fault occurs
Hinder position, precision, reliability and practical engineering value with higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart in the present invention based on failure front and back voltage, the power transmission line fault locating method of curent change；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of Transmission Line Distributed Parameter model of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the transmission line structure schematic diagram of the present invention according to embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that
Described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiment obtained under the conditions of not making creative work belong to
The scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention proposes a kind of transmission open acess based on voltage, curent change before and after failure
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1 establishes Transmission Line Distributed Parameter model as shown in Figure 2, calculates the propagation coefficient γ and feature of route
Impedance Z, derive comprising fault distance, propagation coefficient, characteristic impedance and Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities fault location equation.
It is specific as follows:
1. according to Transmission Line Distributed Parameter model, the propagation coefficient γ and characteristic impedance Z of computing electric power line:
Wherein, Z0Represent the impedance of unit length route, Y0Represent the admittance of unit length route.
2. the distributed parameter model based on transmission line of electricity can derive the voltage phase for calculating any point from route both ends
The formula of magnitude are as follows:
Wherein, M represents route head end, and N represents line end, and L represents the length of transmission line of electricity.
3. the positive sequence voltage of fault point is calculated from route both ends using formula (6) after failure occurs
Wherein, after 2 representing fault of subscript occurs.
Due to the fault point voltage U extrapolated from route both endsFIt is worth equal, can obtains:
4. it is same, when not breaking down, for position x, still meet the voltage phase calculated to from x from route both ends
Deng can obtain:
Wherein, before 1 representing fault of subscript occurs.
Formula (8) is identical with the form of formula (9), and parameter is consistent, the two formulas, which are subtracted each other, to be obtained:
Wherein,The variable quantity of route head end, terminal voltage phasor is represented,Represent route head
It holds, the variable quantity of end current phasor.
5. calculating to simplify, by cosh (x) and sinh (x) Taylor expansion, first two and first item are taken respectively:
Sinh (x)=x
Cosh (x)=1+x2 (11)
Hyperbolic sine, cosine function after abbreviation is substituted into formula (10), is organized into the canonical form of quadratic equation with one unknown, point
Do not take the real and imaginary parts of coefficient A, B, C that fault location equation can be obtained:
Re(A)x2+ Re (B) x+Re (C)=0
Im(A)x2+ Im (B) x+Im (C)=0 (12)
Wherein, the distance between x representing fault point and route head end M, Re and Im respectively represent real and imaginary parts, and
(2) after detecting failure on the transmission line, PMU (the Phasor Measurement of route both ends installation is extracted respectively
Unit, phasor measurement unit) record three-phase voltage, current dataWith
Wherein, i=1,2 are respectively represented before failure and after failure, and A, B, C respectively represent A phase, B phase, C phase.
(3) according to the data of step 2, the positive sequence voltage at route both ends is calculatedAnd forward-order current's
Value.
Wherein, a represents operation operator, a=ej120°。
(4) variable quantity of voltage, electric current phasor before and after the failure of formula (1) computing electric power line both ends is utilized:
Wherein,The variable quantity of route head end, terminal voltage phasor is represented,Represent route head
It holds, the variable quantity of end current phasor.
(5) calculated result in step 4 is substituted into fault location equation, solves fault distance x1、x2。
Re(A)·x1 2+Re(B)·x1+ Re (C)=0
Im(A)·x2 2+Im(B)·x2+ Im (C)=0 (2)
Wherein, x1、x2The distance between representing fault point and route head end M, Re and Im respectively represent real and imaginary parts, and
Here, L represents the length of transmission line of electricity.
(6) the preliminary fault distance for solving step 5 substitutes into formula (3), selects correct fault distance xReAnd xIm:
|x1j-x2k| < ε (3)
Wherein, x1jRepresent the j solution that real part equation obtains in solution procedure 5, j=2, x2kRepresent imaginary part in solution procedure 5
The k solution that equation obtains, k=2, xReRepresent the correct fault distance obtained by real part equation, xImRepresentative is obtained by imaginary part equation
Correct fault distance, ε represent selection threshold value, ε=2km.
Step 7, according to the selection in step 6, utilize formula (4) to calculate accurate fault distance X:
Embodiment
Both-end model of power transmission system is built on PSCAD/EMTDC, as shown in Figure 3.The different location upper mold of transmission line of electricity
The failure with different faults resistance (10 Ω and 200 Ω) and different faults type (single-phase earthing and line to line fault), line are intended
Road overall length is 250km.Using power transmission line fault locating method proposed by the present invention, obtained fault location result such as 1 institute of table
Show.In table 1, fault distance refers to the distance between fault point and route head end M, XReRefer to the event that real part equation solution goes out
Hinder distance, XImRefer to the fault distance that imaginary part equation solution goes out, fault location error e is defined by the formula:
In formula (14), X is the fault distance solved, XrFor real fault distance, L is the length of transmission line of electricity.From
As can be seen that fault location error is not influenced by fault resstance and fault type in table 1, position error is equal in all cases
Less than 1km.
Positioning result under 1 different faults resistance of table and fault type
The invention discloses a kind of power transmission line fault locating methods based on voltage, curent change before and after failure.First
Fault location equation is constructed according to the distributed parameter model of transmission line of electricity, after the failure occurred, is remembered using transmission line of electricity both ends PMU
The positive sequence voltage before and after voltage, current phasor value calculating failure, forward-order current variable quantity under record, substitute into the fault location of construction
Equation calculates abort situation.The present invention is not influenced by transition resistance and fault initial angle, be suitable for it is various types of short circuit and
Ground fault also can effectively determine that abort situation, precision, reliability and engineering with higher are real when nearly bus-bar fault occurs
Trample meaning.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (6)
1. the power transmission line fault locating method based on voltage, curent change before and after failure, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
Step 1 establishes Transmission Line Distributed Parameter model, calculates the propagation coefficient γ and characteristic impedance Z of route, derives comprising event
Hinder distance, propagation coefficient, characteristic impedance and Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities fault location equation；
Step 2 after detecting failure on the transmission line, extracts three-phase voltage, the electricity of the PMU record of route both ends installation respectively
Flow dataWithWherein, i=1,2, it respectively represents before failure and after failure, M
Route head end is represented, N represents line end, and A, B, C respectively represent A phase, B phase, C phase；
Step 3, the data according to step 2 calculate the positive sequence voltage at route both endsAnd forward-order current's
Value；
Step 4 utilizes the variable quantity of voltage, electric current phasor before and after the failure of formula (1) computing electric power line both ends:
Wherein,The variable quantity of route head end, terminal voltage phasor is represented,Represent route head end, end
Hold the variable quantity of electric current phasor；
Calculated result in step 4 is substituted into the fault location equation derived in step 1 by step 5, solves fault distance x1、
x2, as shown in formula (2),
Re(A)x1 2+Re(B)x1+ Re (C)=0
Im(A)x2 2+Im(B)x2+ Im (C)=0 (2)
Wherein, x1、x2The distance between representing fault point and route head end M, Re and Im respectively represent real and imaginary parts, and
Here, L represents the length of transmission line of electricity；
Step 6, the preliminary fault distance for solving step 5 substitute into formula (3), select correct fault distance xReAnd xIm:
|x1j-x2k| < ε (3)
Wherein, x1jRepresent the j solution that real part equation obtains in solution procedure 5, x2kRepresent what imaginary part equation in solution procedure 5 obtained
K solution, xReRepresent the correct fault distance obtained by real part equation, xImThe correct fault distance obtained by imaginary part equation is represented,
ε represents selection threshold value；
Step 7, according to the selection in step 6, utilize formula (4) to calculate accurate fault distance X:
2. the power transmission line fault locating method according to claim 1 based on voltage, curent change before and after failure, special
Sign is, in step 1, the step of calculating the propagation coefficient γ and characteristic impedance Z of route further comprises:
Wherein, Z0Represent the impedance of unit length route, Y0Represent the admittance of unit length route.
3. the power transmission line fault locating method according to claim 1 based on voltage, curent change before and after failure, special
Sign is, in step 1, derives the fault location equation comprising fault distance, propagation coefficient, characteristic impedance and Two-Terminal Electrical Quantities
Step further comprises:
1. calculating the formula of the voltage phasor at any point from route both ends for transmission line of electricity are as follows:
2. the positive sequence voltage of fault point is calculated from route both ends using formula (6) after failure occurs
Wherein, L represents the length of transmission line of electricity；
Due to the fault point voltage U extrapolated from route both endsFIt is worth equal, obtains:
3. it is same, when not breaking down, for position x, still meets from route both ends and calculate that the voltage to from x is equal, obtain
It arrives:
The two form is identical, and parameter is consistent, and formula (8) and formula (9) are subtracted each other to obtain:
4. calculating to simplify, by cosh (x) and sinh (x) Taylor expansion, first two and first item are taken respectively:
Sinh (x)=x
Cosh (x)=1+x2 (11)
Hyperbolic sine, cosine function after abbreviation is substituted into formula (10), the canonical form of quadratic equation with one unknown is organized into, takes respectively
Fault location equation can be obtained in the real and imaginary parts of coefficient A, B, C:
Re(A)x2+ Re (B) x+Re (C)=0
Im(A)x2+ Im (B) x+Im (C)=0 (12)
Wherein, the distance between x representing fault point and route head end M, Re and Im respectively represent real and imaginary parts, and
4. the power transmission line fault locating method according to claim 1 based on voltage, curent change before and after failure, special
Sign is, in step 3, calculate route both ends positive sequence voltage, forward-order current the step of further comprise:
Wherein, a represents operation operator, a=ej120°。
5. the power transmission line fault locating method according to claim 1 based on voltage, curent change before and after failure, special
Sign is, in step 6, the number j=2 for the solution that real part equation obtains, the number k=2 for the solution that imaginary part equation obtains.
6. the power transmission line fault locating method according to claim 1 based on voltage, curent change before and after failure, special
Sign is, in step 6, in fault distance selection, the value of ε is taken as 2km.
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| CN110133444A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-16 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | A kind of Fault Locating Method based on positive sequence voltage variable quantity, apparatus and system |
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| CN111426912A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Line double-end fault positioning method and system based on golden section search |
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| CN113848428A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-28 | 华南理工大学 | Power transmission line double-end fault distance measurement method, system, device and medium |
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| CN111426912A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-17 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Line double-end fault positioning method and system based on golden section search |
| CN111426912B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-07-27 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Line double-end fault positioning method and system based on golden section search |
| CN113156266A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 华中科技大学 | Power distribution network fault positioning method based on voltage distribution and traveling wave characteristics along line |
| CN113433417A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-09-24 | 湖南大学 | Power distribution network fault positioning method and system based on measured voltage difference |
| CN113433417B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-06-14 | 湖南大学 | Power distribution network fault positioning method and system based on measured voltage difference |
| CN113848428A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-28 | 华南理工大学 | Power transmission line double-end fault distance measurement method, system, device and medium |
| CN113848428B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-06-14 | 华南理工大学 | Power transmission line double-end fault distance measurement method, system, device and medium |
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