CN109632712A - The femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure - Google Patents
The femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109632712A CN109632712A CN201910039241.XA CN201910039241A CN109632712A CN 109632712 A CN109632712 A CN 109632712A CN 201910039241 A CN201910039241 A CN 201910039241A CN 109632712 A CN109632712 A CN 109632712A
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- optical fiber
- fbg
- refractive index
- temperature
- spectrum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
Abstract
The present invention discloses the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, which comprises the steps of: 1) the optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；The reflectance spectrum for acquiring the tapered FBG again will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in warm table surface, is connected by fiber optical circulator with light source, optical fiber sensing analyzer；Change temperature height using it, testing liquid is dripped in sensitive zones by rubber head dropper, carries out refractive index sensing test.It can avoid electromagnetic interference, high temperature resistant is, it can be achieved that temperature strain refractive index measures simultaneously.Meanwhile structure and manufacture craft are simple, good reliability, high sensitivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber optic sensing device fields, and in particular to a kind of femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure
And refractive index measurement method.
Background technique
Fibre optical sensor is with many good characteristics, it can be achieved that the measurement work under complex environment has very extensive answer
With value.It has the characteristics that electromagnetism interference, anti-radiation, high sensitivity, light-weight, insulation explosion-proof, corrosion-resistant, and fiber optic ruler
It is very little small, there is good optical transmission performance.It is common in fiber bragg grating (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG)
Senser element, the advantages that have that structure is simple, small in size, dynamic range is big, sensitivity is high etc., aerospace, bridge water conservancy,
It is received significant attention in the key areas such as circumference security protection, biomedicine.FBG is a kind of space phase period formed in fibre core
Property distribution grid class formation, effect essence be exactly in fibre core formed a narrowband filter or reflecting mirror.Work as the external world
When temperature change, the relative displacement that will affect between grid class formation of expanding with heat and contract with cold of fiber optic materials, so that reflection wavelength produces
Raw drift.By demodulating the range of wave length shift, the variation of ambient temperature can be intuitively calculated.
However, how to change the limitation of conventional fiber optic sensors single-point detection, extension test object range is that optical fiber passes
The developing direction of sensor.Ordinary optic fibre is cylindrical structure, can not directly be detected to the refractive index characteristic of ambient enviroment.It is logical
It crosses arc discharge and prepares optical fiber tapered structure, the evanscent field of enhancing optical fiber light field internal schema transmission.Since optical fiber self-energy is emitted
Intensity and direction depend on covering and ambient enviroment refractive index difference, therefore when external environment refractive index generate variation when, can
It is demodulated by the variation of light intensity signal in optical fiber, realizes the sensing of refractive index.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of a kind of optical fiber tapered structure,
Optical fiber tapered structure is prepared by arc discharge, and prepares FBG using femtosecond laser direct write on this optical fiber tapered structure.Together
When, structure and manufacture craft are simple, good reliability, high sensitivity.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
The femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, which comprises the steps of: 1)
Optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；
2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；
3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；The cone is acquired again
The reflectance spectrum of type FBG will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；
4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in warm table surface, passes through fiber optical circulator and light
Source, optical fiber sensing analyzer are connected；Change temperature height using it, is dripped testing liquid in sensing unit by rubber head dropper
Domain carries out refractive index sensing test.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fiber end faces are removed coat, warp first by the first step
Single mode optical fiber is cut flat with after alcohol wipe, is placed in welding in heat sealing machine, is aligned using fibre core alignment；Secondly, by two sections of lists
Mode fiber alignment, adjusts strength of discharge and discharge time, carries out two section single-mould fiber electric discharges, welding；Meanwhile electrode drive motor
Two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fibers are subjected to circumgyration stretch, complete the preparation of optical fiber tapered structure.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, second step, first the single mode optical fiber pyramidal structure by previous step preparation are placed
In in three-dimensional mobile platform, guaranteeing to get a clear view；Femtosecond laser hot spot is focused on fibre core again, using direct writing means tapered
FBG sensor is prepared on region.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, third step, light source uses wavelength band for the ASE light source of 1520-1610nm.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, third step, spectral analysis apparatus uses the spectroanalysis instrument of Yokogawa company,
Carry out the acquisition of transmitted spectrum.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, third step, fiber optical circulator are passed using the reflection interference spectrum of tapered optical fiber FBG
Transport to optical fiber sensing analyzer.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention uses all -fiber formula structure, can avoid influence of the electromagnetic interference to testing result.It is prepared using arc discharge
Refractive index sensing may be implemented in optical fiber tapered structure, can be resistant to high temperature using FBG prepared by femtosecond laser, therefore the structure can
To extend parameter sensing, while realizing the measurement of temperature and refractive index.The sensor reliability is high, and when use only need to be by sensor
Place is partially disposed in environment to be measured, and the real-time two-parameter measurement of test macro can be completed in other end connection spectrometer.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows and meets implementation of the invention
Example, and be used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification.
Fig. 1 a is the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure of the present invention and the arc discharge of refractive index measurement method
End face, which is cut flat with, is directed at schematic diagram with fibre core；
Fig. 1 b is the optical fiber of the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure of the present invention and the arc discharge of refractive index measurement method
Alignment and electric discharge welding schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 c is the electrode of the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature of optical fiber tapered structure of the present invention and the arc discharge of refractive index measurement method
Circumgyration stretch prepares tapered structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that the tapered FBG of femtosecond laser of the embodiment of the present invention prepares schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the tapered FBG sensor structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the testing light source transmitted spectrum schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the sensor reflectance spectrum contrast schematic diagram before and after subtracting base of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the temperature refraction rate sensing testing system schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the temperature test spectrogram schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, including walk as follows
It is rapid: 1) the optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；Two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fiber end faces are removed into coat, warp first
Single mode optical fiber is cut flat with after alcohol wipe, is placed in welding in heat sealing machine, is aligned using fibre core alignment；Secondly, by two sections of lists
Mode fiber alignment, adjusts strength of discharge and discharge time, carries out two section single-mould fiber electric discharges, welding；Meanwhile electrode drive motor
Two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fibers are subjected to circumgyration stretch, complete the tapered structure fabrication of optical fiber.
2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；Single mode optical fiber pyramidal structure first by previous step preparation is placed
In in three-dimensional mobile platform, guaranteeing to get a clear view；1 hot spot of femtosecond laser is focused on fibre core again, is being bored using direct writing means
Type prepares FBG sensor on region.
3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；It acquires again
The reflectance spectrum of the tapered FBG will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；
4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in 4 surface of warm table, passes through fiber optical circulator and light
Source, optical fiber sensing analyzer are connected；Change temperature height using it, is dripped testing liquid in sensing unit by rubber head dropper 5
Domain carries out refractive index sensing test.
Above-mentioned light source uses wavelength band for the ASE light source 2 of 1520-1610nm, and spectral analysis apparatus uses Yokogawa
The spectroanalysis instrument 3 of company, carries out the acquisition of transmitted spectrum, and fiber optical circulator uses the reflection interference spectrum of tapered optical fiber FBG
It is transmitted to optical fiber sensing analyzer.
As shown in fig. 7, the reflectance spectrum in experiment.When ambient temperature changes, reflectance spectrum spectral line can drift about,
Recording certain characteristic peak corresponding wavelength value under different temperatures or refractive index can be realized the high-acruracy survey two-parameter to this.
Optical fiber tapered structure is prepared using arc discharge, and prepares FBG using femtosecond laser direct write on tapered structure, it will
Two kinds of optical fiber structures are combined and are measured, and avoid cross jamming when measuring multiple parameters, realize the two-parameter of temperature and refractive index
Measurement.
Embodiments described above is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method of optical fiber tapered structure, which comprises the steps of:
1) the optical fiber pyramidal structure preparation based on arc discharge；
2) the taper FBG preparation based on femtosecond laser；
3) tapered FBG spectrum calibration test, the first transmitted spectrum of collecting test light source, as test baseline；The cone is acquired again
The reflectance spectrum of type FBG will subtract initial spectrum of the reflectance spectrum as the senser element of light source baseline；
4) temperature refraction rate sensing testing system measures, and fibre optical sensor is placed in warm table surface, passes through fiber optical circulator and light
Source, optical fiber sensing analyzer are connected；Change temperature height using it, is dripped testing liquid in sensing unit by rubber head dropper
Domain carries out refractive index sensing test.
2. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fiber end faces are removed coat first, single mode optical fiber is cut flat with after alcohol wipe, is put by the first step
It is placed in welding in heat sealing machine, is aligned using fibre core alignment；Secondly, being again aligned two section single-mould fibers, strength of discharge is adjusted
With discharge time, two section single-mould fiber electric discharges, welding are carried out；Meanwhile electrode drive motor by two sections of SMF-28 single mode optical fibers into
Row circumgyration stretch completes the preparation of optical fiber tapered structure.
3. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In single mode optical fiber pyramidal structure prepared by previous step is placed in three-dimensional mobile platform by second step first, guarantees that the visual field is clear
It is clear；Femtosecond laser hot spot is focused on fibre core again, prepares FBG sensor on tapered region using direct writing means.
4. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In third step, light source uses wavelength band for the ASE light source of 1520-1610nm.
5. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In third step, spectral analysis apparatus uses the spectroanalysis instrument of Yokogawa company, carries out the acquisition of transmitted spectrum.
6. the femtosecond direct write FBG temperature and refractive index measurement method, feature of optical fiber tapered structure exist according to claim 1
In third step, fiber optical circulator is transmitted to optical fiber sensing analyzer using the reflection interference spectrum of tapered optical fiber FBG.
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