CN109631060B - Chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for slag conveyor of coal-fired power plant - Google Patents
Chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for slag conveyor of coal-fired power plant Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
- F23J1/06—Mechanically-operated devices, e.g. clinker pushers
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Abstract
The invention relates to a chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for a slag conveyor of a coal-fired power plant, belonging to the technical field of automatic thermal control of a coal-fired generator set. The reliability and the accuracy of chain breakage alarm detection of the slag conveyor are improved, and the method has important significance. The method comprises the following steps: a logic loop interface for chain breakage acousto-optic alarm of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that an operator is prompted to find chain breakage abnormity of the slag conveyor in time; a logic loop interface for automatic tripping protection of a chain breakage of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that the slag conveyor can be automatically stopped when the chain breakage occurs; 2 angle irons are uniformly and distributively welded on the outer side of a driven wheel disc of the slag conveyor; a fixed platform is arranged on the body of the driven wheel part of the slag conveyor, and 1 mechanical travel switch is arranged on the fixed platform and used for detecting a chain breakage signal of the slag conveyor; and (4) connecting the mechanical travel switch signal into a DCS (distributed control system) so as to comprehensively process the broken link signal. The invention simplifies the analog quantity waveform processing process into the logic judgment of the switching value, and accurately detects the chain working condition of the slag conveyor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic thermal control of coal-fired generator sets, and particularly relates to a chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for a slag conveyor of a coal-fired power plant, in particular to a chain breakage alarm detection method for a slag conveyor, which has the advantages of low cost, easiness in maintenance, integration of DCS, intuition, reliability and high efficiency.
Background
In a coal-fired power generating set, a slag conveyor is an important auxiliary machine of a boiler system, coal ash after combustion in a boiler is continuously separated, and the working reliability of the slag conveyor is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the power generating set. The chain serving as the core component of the slag conveyor is a link which is most prone to faults in the operation of the whole slag conveyor, and the chain breakage is the most common problem. After the chain of the slag conveyor is broken, the automatic tripping slag conveyor is hydraulically driven to an oil pump, meanwhile, an alarm is given immediately to inform an operator and contact a maintainer to carry out mechanical rush repair immediately, if the process is not timely, coal cannot be input, and great influence is certainly caused on the economical efficiency and safety of a generator set. Therefore, the method has important significance for improving the reliability and the accuracy of chain breakage alarm detection of the slag conveyor.
In recent years, numerous scholars, research institutions and manufacturers of slag conveyor equipment discuss and research the problems related to chain breakage alarm of the slag conveyor from different angles. For example, in the improvement of chain breakage protection configuration of a slag conveyor in the electric power safety technology, 2 proximity switches are respectively arranged on a rotating wheel with a convex-concave gap at the tail part of the slag conveyor so as to monitor the rotation condition of the slag conveyor. When the slag conveyor rotates, the 2 proximity switches work alternately, and a certain time limit is matched through the time relay to realize the chain breakage protection function of the slag conveyor. According to the chain breakage protection control system of the scraper slag conveyor in the North China power technology, only 1 proximity switch is respectively arranged on left and right detection equipment of chain breakage protection of an original slag conveyor, because the proximity switches are broken down, misoperation of the chain breakage protection of the slag conveyor is often caused, 1 chain breakage detection proximity switch is respectively added on the left and right sides, control is carried out by adopting 4 proximity switches on two sides, meanwhile, two detection channels are added on a PLC (programmable logic controller) device, chain breakage protection logic is correspondingly perfected, 2 detection switch signals on one side are subjected to logical output modification, and then the logical output of the logical output is subjected to logical judgment with 2 detection switch signals on the other side, and then chain breakage protection is started. The chain breakage protection of the water logging type slag dragging machine of the Lu-electric 660MW unit in the scientific and technological field is transformed into 4 proximity switches with longer detection distance, and a chain breakage protection loop is optimized as follows: the proximity switches 1 and 2 are operated simultaneously or the proximity switches 3 and 4 are operated simultaneously. Chinese patent "dragveyer chain breakage protection monitoring devices and monitoring system", patent application No. 201410144486.6 provides a dragveyer chain breakage protection monitoring devices, monitoring devices includes unable adjustment base, the last at least two base trompils that are in same horizontal plane that are equipped with of unable adjustment base, every base trompil sets up a proximity switch, proximity switch passes through the jackscrew bolt fastening and is in unable adjustment base is last, proximity switch carries out the electricity with distributed control system and is connected, has improved detected signal's accuracy and stability. Chinese patent "a dragveyer chain breakage protection device", patent application number 201621426236.2, the utility model provides a dragveyer chain breakage protection device, glue including the reflection and paste, every other degree installs additional on dragveyer tailwheel both sides rim plate the reflection glues the subsides, the tailwheel is equipped with a support, be equipped with photoelectric switch detection position on the support, the support pass through the runner axle with the tailwheel links to each other, still be equipped with a photoelectric switch on the support, photoelectric switch detection position's center with the center coincidence that the reflection was glued and is pasted, still installed electromagnetic induction proximity switch on the tailwheel, electromagnetic induction proximity switch, photoelectric switch all link to each other with the PLC controller. Chinese patent "a dragveyer chain breakage detecting system", patent application number 201420859258.2, the utility model discloses dragveyer chain breakage detecting system is through inciting somebody to action electric induction formula detection switch sets up one side of interior guide pulley, and because interior guide pulley is located in the engine compartment of dragveyer, avoided with the contact of dragveyer scraper blade can effectually avoid the lime-ash to drop on the interior guide pulley, and then effectually avoided detection switch glues the lime-ash, has guaranteed detection switch's the measuring accuracy. Chinese patent "a dragveyer chain breakage detects protection device", patent application number 201620812442.0, the utility model discloses an install the detecting element in dragveyer chain bearing roller both ends pivot to be equipped with the detection breach on the detection disc of detecting element, detect through rather than complex photoelectric switch, the interval sends pulse signal, because photoelectric switch's effective detection distance is long, can make it keep enough long safe distance with the quotation that detects the disc, thereby avoid the friction, make and detect pulse signal reliable and stable, and improved the life of detecting element. The controller is used for processing the detection data, the information processing speed is high, and the working performance is reliable and stable.
In the above documents and patents, an electric induction type proximity switch or a photoelectric type proximity switch is used to detect whether the chain of the slag conveyor normally operates to drive the driven wheel to rotate. The sensor of the proximity switch is in a non-contact type, the manufacturing cost is high, the material is fragile, the requirement on the working environment is strict, and the sensor is frequently rubbed and damaged with the detected disc surface due to the tiny amplitude deviation of the gear disc caused by the tension device of the slag conveyor in the actual use. In addition, the input of the pulse signal of the proximity switch, the measurement of the pulse quantity, the pulse logic operation and judgment and the PLC protection control signal loop are complex, the number of fault points is large, the reliability is low, the installation and maintenance cost is high, and the total effect of actual use is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for a slag conveyor of a coal-fired power plant. The invention provides a method for replacing a complex non-contact proximity switch with a simple, low-cost and easily-maintained mechanical travel switch; the DCS is used for replacing time relay signal preprocessing and PLC judging links, analog quantity waveform processing is simplified into logical judgment of switching values, the condition of a chain of the slag conveyor is detected more accurately, operating personnel can monitor the working condition of the slag conveyor more timely and intuitively, and guarantee is provided for safe and stable operation of the generator set.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for the slag conveyor of the coal-fired power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a logic loop interface for chain breakage acousto-optic alarm of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that an operator is prompted to find chain breakage abnormity of the slag conveyor in time;
the second step is that: a logic loop interface for automatic tripping protection of a chain breakage of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that the slag conveyor can be automatically stopped when the chain breakage occurs;
the third step: 2 angle irons are uniformly and distributively welded on the outer side of a driven wheel disc of the slag conveyor;
the fourth step: a fixed platform is arranged on the body of the driven wheel part of the slag conveyor, and 1 mechanical travel switch is arranged on the fixed platform and used for detecting a chain breakage signal of the slag conveyor;
the fifth step: connecting a mechanical travel switch signal into a DCS (distributed control system) so as to comprehensively process a broken link signal;
and a sixth step: performing logic comprehensive processing on the broken link travel switch signal in the DCS;
the seventh step: connecting the processed chain breakage comprehensive signal into a logic loop interface of a chain breakage audible and visual alarm of the slag conveyor and a logic loop interface of automatic trip protection of chain breakage of the slag conveyor;
eighth step: the debugging of the chain breakage detection system verifies whether the chain breakage signal is correct or not respectively by two modes of normally detecting the running of the slag conveyor and simulating the travel switch signal after the running is stopped.
Preferably, when the slag conveyor runs, the angle iron mechanical contact on the outer side of the driven wheel disc can intermittently collide with the mechanical travel switch of the fixed platform, and a rising edge pulse signal from 0 to 1 is periodically generated, so that the condition that the chain of the slag conveyor is not broken is judged; when the chain of the slag conveyor is broken or the slag conveyor is stopped, the relationship between the angle iron mechanical contact and the fixed mechanical travel switch is as follows: the continuous flat signal of 0 or 1 can be generated when the contact is always contacted or the contact is not collided, so that the chain breakage of the dragveyer is judged, and an alarm and protection signal is sent out.
Preferably, the eighth step of the present invention: debugging of a broken link detection system: when the chain of the slag conveyor runs normally, no matter the slag conveyor runs at any rotating speed, a chain breakage comprehensive alarm signal cannot be sent out; after the slag conveyor is stopped, a travel switch signal can be manually simulated and toggled, and the normally open mode and the normally closed mode are used for respectively verifying whether the chain breaking signal is correct or not.
Preferably, 2 angle irons are arranged on the outer side of the driven wheel disc of the slag conveyor and are uniformly distributed on the disc to form 180 degrees, and the angle irons are used for periodically toggling a mechanical travel switch when the slag conveyor rotates.
Preferably, the chain breakage detection signal is travel switch contact signal delay time T or travel switch contact non-signal delay time T, and then the AND operation is carried out with the running signal of the dragveyer motor. If the dragveyer motor does not operate, the sent zero is regarded as the state of not breaking the chain; and if the dragveyer motor is in the running state, whether the chain breakage alarm is performed or not is judged according to the state quantity value detection of the travel switch. The delay time T in the control logic refers to the longest interval time when the angle iron protrusion touches the mechanical travel switch once when the slag conveyor runs at the lowest rotating speed.
Preferably, the simple and practical mechanical travel switch is used in a production field, the state quantity value of the mechanical travel switch is introduced into a DCS (distributed control system) to carry out comprehensive chain breakage treatment, and a time relay intermediate processing unit and a local PLC (programmable logic controller) electric control cabinet are eliminated; and the chain breakage alarm and protection logic of the slag conveyor enters a DCS control system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) almost no extra cost is generated, the detection method can use a long-handle mechanical travel switch detached from old equipment, the old materials are recycled, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved; (2) the long-handle travel switch increases the detection range, and whether the chain is broken or not can be correctly judged no matter how the chain deviates, so that the detection range is wide; (3) the mechanical equipment has simple structure, is not environment-friendly, is not sensitive to vibration and dust, is easy to maintain and has wide application range; (4) intermediate signal preprocessing such as a time relay and PLC logical judgment links are eliminated, fault points are reduced, equipment is more reliable and accurate, and the structure is simpler; (5) after the chain breakage alarm and protection signal enters the DCS, the chain breakage abnormal working condition of the dragveyer chain can be timely and visually prompted to the operating personnel, the dragveyer is automatically tripped, and valuable opportunity is gained for rapidly processing the dragveyer fault.
The core idea of the invention is to change a complex non-contact sensor proximity switch into a simple mechanical travel switch, replace time relay signal preprocessing and PLC judgment links by a DCS distributed control system, simplify the analog quantity waveform processing process into the logic judgment of switching value and accurately detect the chain working condition of the slag conveyor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic installation diagram of a mechanical travel switch for chain breakage detection in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of the comprehensive processing of the chain breakage detection signal DCS according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the travel switch DI is a mechanical travel switch state quantity value; the chain breakage comprehensive signal is a final DCS alarm and protection signal; and T is the longest interval time for the angle iron to shift the travel switch at the minimum rotating speed of the slag conveyor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic installation diagram of a proximity switch for chain breakage detection before modification in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the modified link-breaking signal comprehensive processing logic in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-angle iron; 2-driven wheel disc; 3-a mechanical travel switch; 4-a fixed platform; 5-induction of iron; 6-proximity switch.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples are given.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the chain-breaking alarm optimization detection method for the coal-fired power plant slag conveyor in the embodiment includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a logic loop interface for chain breakage acousto-optic alarm of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that an operator is prompted to find chain breakage abnormity of the slag conveyor in time;
the second step is that: a chain-breaking automatic tripping protection logic loop interface of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that the slag conveyor can be automatically stopped when a chain is broken;
the third step: 2 angle irons 1 are uniformly and distributively welded on the outer side of a driven wheel disc 2 of the slag conveyor;
the fourth step: a fixed platform 4 is arranged on the body of the driven wheel part of the slag conveyor, and 1 mechanical travel switch 3 is arranged on the fixed platform 4 and used for detecting a chain breakage signal of the slag conveyor;
the fifth step: connecting a mechanical travel switch 3 signal into a DCS (distributed control system) for comprehensive processing of a broken link signal;
and a sixth step: performing logic comprehensive processing on the broken link travel switch signal in the DCS;
the seventh step: connecting the processed chain breakage comprehensive signal into an acousto-optic alarm and automatic tripping protection interface loop of the slag conveyor;
eighth step: debugging of a broken link detection system: when the chain of the slag conveyor runs normally, no matter the slag conveyor runs at any rotating speed, a chain breakage comprehensive alarm signal cannot be sent out; after the slag conveyor is stopped, a travel switch signal can be manually simulated and toggled, and the normally open mode and the normally closed mode are used for respectively verifying whether the chain breaking signal is correct or not.
2 angle irons 1 are arranged on the outer side of a driven wheel disc 2 of the slag conveyor, and 1 mechanical travel switch 3 is arranged at the position of a driven wheel fixing platform 4. When the slag conveyor runs normally, the mechanical travel switch 3 can be periodically shifted by the protrusion of the angle iron 1 welded on the driven wheel disc 2 of the slag conveyor; when the chain of the slag conveyor is broken, the driven wheel stops rotating and the travel switch 3 cannot be toggled. That is, whether the travel switch 3 is toggled or not is judged, whether the driven wheel rotates or not can be known, and whether the chain of the slag conveyor is broken or not is judged.
The core idea of the invention is to change a complex non-contact sensor proximity switch 6 into a simple mechanical travel switch 3, replace time relay signal preprocessing and PLC judgment links by a DCS distributed control system, simplify the analog quantity waveform processing process into the logic judgment of switching value and accurately detect the chain condition of the slag conveyor.
As shown in figure 1, 2 angle irons 1 are installed on the outer side of a driven wheel disc 2 of the slag conveyor, are uniformly distributed on the driven wheel disc 2 to form 180 degrees, and are used for periodically shifting the mechanical travel switch 3 when the slag conveyor rotates. More angle irons 1 can be uniformly welded according to the detection frequency; the driven wheel fixing platform 4 is provided with 1 mechanical travel switch 3. More travel switches can be installed or the mechanical travel switch 3 can be equally installed on the other side according to the signal reliability requirement.
The method for comprehensively processing the chain breakage detection signal is shown in fig. 2. The chain breakage detection signal in the figure is the travel switch contact signal delay time T or the travel switch contact non-signal delay time T, and then the AND operation is carried out with the running signal of the dragveyer motor. If the dragveyer motor does not operate, the sent zero is regarded as the state of not breaking the chain; and if the dragveyer motor is in the running state, whether the chain breakage alarm is performed or not is judged according to the state quantity value detection of the travel switch. The delay time T in the control logic refers to the longest interval time when the angle iron 1 protrudes to touch the mechanical travel switch 3 once when the slag conveyor runs at the lowest rotating speed.
The practical application of the chain-breaking detection alarm optimization detection method of the slag conveyor is introduced by taking the chain-breaking detection and transformation project of the slag conveyor of a 300MW coal-fired unit of a certain power plant as an example.
The unit is provided with a GBL-20E multiplied by n series scraper slag conveyor of Qingdao Sizhou electrical equipment Limited, the width of a shell is 2.3m, and a Schneider inductance type XS1D18PA140C proximity switch 6 is used for detecting chain breakage of the slag conveyor before modification. In the field, the proximity switch 6 is inserted into the corresponding location and electrically connected to the corresponding terminal in the corresponding terminal box. The distance between the induction head of the proximity switch 6 and the induction iron 5 is 2-3 mm, a local PLC electric control cabinet is configured, and the broken-chain proximity switch 6 is installed as shown in figure 3. Because the proximity switch 6 is in a non-contact type, high in manufacturing cost, fragile in material, harsh in working environment requirement and often damaged in practical use, the technical improvement is carried out according to the application in 3 months of 2017, 2 angle irons 1 are installed on a driven wheel disc, 1 mechanical travel switch 3 is installed on a fixed platform 4, chain-breaking alarm and protection logic of the slag conveyor enters a DCS control system, an originally designed time relay intermediate processing unit and a local PLC (programmable logic controller) electric control cabinet are omitted, the chain-breaking alarm comprehensive processing logic after improvement is shown in figure 4, when the minimum rotating speed of the slag conveyor runs, the mechanical travel switch 3 is periodically shifted by welding the angle iron 1 every 117 seconds, and therefore the delay time is set to be 120s (the delay time is properly longer than the longest interval time for periodically shifting the mechanical travel switch 3 by the angle iron 1).
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may be different in the components, the shapes of the components, the names of the components, and the like, and the above description is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. Equivalent or simple changes in the structure, characteristics and principles of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (4)
1. A chain breakage alarm optimization detection method for a coal-fired power plant slag conveyor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a logic loop interface for chain breakage acousto-optic alarm of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that an operator is prompted to find chain breakage abnormity of the slag conveyor in time;
the second step is that: a logic loop interface for automatic tripping protection of a chain breakage of the slag conveyor is added in the DCS, so that the slag conveyor can be automatically stopped when the chain breakage occurs;
the third step: 2 angle irons are uniformly and distributively welded on the outer side of a driven wheel disc of the slag conveyor;
the fourth step: a fixed platform is arranged on the body of the driven wheel part of the slag conveyor, and 1 mechanical travel switch is arranged on the fixed platform and used for detecting a chain breakage signal of the slag conveyor;
the fifth step: connecting a mechanical travel switch signal into a DCS (distributed control system) so as to comprehensively process a broken link signal;
and a sixth step: performing logic comprehensive processing on the broken link travel switch signal in the DCS;
the seventh step: connecting the processed chain breakage comprehensive signal into a logic loop interface of a chain breakage audible and visual alarm of the slag conveyor and a logic loop interface of automatic trip protection of chain breakage of the slag conveyor;
eighth step: the debugging of the chain breakage detection system verifies whether the chain breakage signal is correct or not respectively by two modes of normally detecting the running of the slag conveyor and simulating the travel switch signal after the running is stopped;
when the slag conveyor runs, the angle iron mechanical contact on the outer side of the driven wheel disc can generate intermittent collision with the mechanical travel switch of the fixed platform, and a rising edge pulse signal from 0 to 1 is periodically generated, so that the condition that the chain of the slag conveyor is not broken is judged; when the chain of the slag conveyor is broken or the slag conveyor is stopped, the relationship between the angle iron mechanical contact and the fixed mechanical travel switch is as follows: the continuous flat signal of 0 or 1 can be generated when the contact is always contacted or the contact is not collided, so that the chain breakage of the slag conveyor is judged, and an alarm and protection signal is sent out;
the chain breakage detection signal is travel switch contact signal delay time T or travel switch contact non-signal delay time T, and then the operation signal of the dragveyer motor is subjected to AND operation; if the dragveyer motor does not operate, the sent zero is regarded as the state of not breaking the chain; if the dragveyer motor is in the running state, whether chain breakage alarm is performed or not is judged according to the state quantity value detection of the travel switch; the delay time T in the control logic refers to the longest interval time when the angle iron protrusion touches a mechanical travel switch once when the slag conveyor runs at the lowest rotating speed;
time relay and PLC logical judgment links are eliminated, fault points are reduced, equipment is more reliable and accurate, and the structure is simpler; after a chain breakage alarm and protection signal enters the DCS, an operator is timely and visually prompted that chain breakage abnormal working conditions occur in the dragveyer chain, and the dragveyer is automatically tripped, so that precious time is gained for rapidly processing the dragveyer fault; the complex non-contact sensor proximity switch is changed into a simple mechanical travel switch, a DCS (distributed control system) is used for replacing time relay signal preprocessing and PLC (programmable logic controller) judging links, the analog quantity waveform processing process is simplified into the logic judgment of switching value, and the chain working condition of the slag conveyor is accurately detected.
2. The coal-fired power plant slag conveyor chain-breaking alarm optimization detection method of claim 1, characterized in that: the eighth step: debugging of a broken link detection system: when the chain of the slag conveyor runs normally, no matter the slag conveyor runs at any rotating speed, a chain breakage comprehensive alarm signal cannot be sent out; after the slag conveyor is stopped, a travel switch signal can be manually simulated and toggled, and the normally open mode and the normally closed mode are used for respectively verifying whether the chain breaking signal is correct or not.
3. The coal-fired power plant slag conveyor chain-breaking alarm optimization detection method of claim 1, characterized in that: 2 angle irons are arranged on the outer side of the driven wheel disc of the slag conveyor, are uniformly distributed on the disc to form 180 degrees and are used for periodically shifting the mechanical travel switch when the slag conveyor rotates.
4. The coal-fired power plant slag conveyor chain-breaking alarm optimization detection method of claim 1, characterized in that: a simple and practical mechanical travel switch is used in a production field, the state quantity value of the mechanical travel switch is introduced into a DCS (distributed control system) to carry out comprehensive chain breakage treatment, and a time relay intermediate processing unit and a local PLC (programmable logic controller) electric control cabinet are eliminated; and the chain breakage alarm and protection logic of the slag conveyor enters a DCS control system.
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| CN104421948A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-03-18 | 丁琦亮 | Slag cooler rotary connector housing locking and deflection detecting device |
| CN103950703A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-30 | 华能南京金陵发电有限公司 | Submerged chain conveyor chain breakage protection and monitoring device and submerged chain conveyor chain breakage protection and monitoring system |
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