CN109628778B - Preparation method of high-heat-conductivity baking tray - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-heat-conductivity baking tray Download PDFInfo
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- CN109628778B CN109628778B CN201811383393.3A CN201811383393A CN109628778B CN 109628778 B CN109628778 B CN 109628778B CN 201811383393 A CN201811383393 A CN 201811383393A CN 109628778 B CN109628778 B CN 109628778B
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- baking tray
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/01—Vessels uniquely adapted for baking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-heat-conductivity baking tray, which comprises the steps of adding an aluminum alloy ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, and controlling the smelting temperature to be 740-760 ℃; adding the Al-5B alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1 h; adding Al-10Sr alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1h to obtain aluminum alloy melt; refining, degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy liquid to obtain die casting liquid; transferring the die-casting liquid to a high-pressure hydraulic die-casting machine, and die-casting an aluminum alloy baking tray blank through a baking tray die; and (4) after polishing the blank of the aluminum alloy baking tray, coating to obtain a finished product of the high-heat-conductivity baking tray. The baking tray prepared by the method provided by the invention is simple in preparation method, good in heat conduction effect and suitable for popularization and application in the baking field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of baking trays, in particular to a preparation method of a high-heat-conductivity baking tray.
Background
The oven is an indispensable household appliance in families, and the food baked by the oven is fragrant and delicious in taste. The baking tray of the oven is made of various materials, and is commonly made of stainless steel baking trays, aluminum baking trays, glass baking trays, other alloy baking trays and the like, wherein the steel baking tray has the worst heat conduction effect, so that the baking process is easy to be heated unevenly, and the aluminum alloy baking tray becomes the best choice. In the field of aluminum alloy manufacturing, die casting is the most important casting process at present, the production efficiency is high, the material utilization rate is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production. In order to ensure the flow property during die casting, about 10% of silicon is usually added into the aluminum alloy, for example, the aluminum alloy with the code number YL113 in China usually contains 9.5-11.5% of silicon, and the lattice of the alloy is distorted to generate large resistance to the movement of free electrons, so that the heat conductivity of the aluminum alloy is not high, and the heat conductivity coefficient is only about 100W/(m · K).
Therefore, the production of bakeware with high thermal conductivity is very urgent for the baking field. In the prior art, the thermal conductivity is changed by changing the silicon phase, the Si phase is changed from a lamellar state to a fibrous state by adding 0.02 percent of boron and 0.03 percent of strontium to perform composite modification, the Si phase is annealed for four hours at 350 ℃, so that the thermal conductivity of the alloy is improved to be about 179W/(m.K), but the research only takes the aluminum alloy ENAB-44200 as a raw material, and when the aluminum alloy ADC10 or ADC12 is adopted, the copper content between the two is far higher than that of the ENAB-44200, and the finished product obtained by die casting under the conditions is easy to precipitate copper.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for preparing an aluminum alloy baking tray with convenient production and high heat conduction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides the preparation method which is convenient to prepare, has high thermal conductivity and is suitable for the conventional aluminum alloy ADC10, ADC11 or ADC12 to die-cast baking trays.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of a high-heat-conductivity baking tray comprises the following steps:
a. adding the aluminum alloy ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, and controlling the smelting temperature to be 740-760 ℃;
b. adding the Al-5B alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1 h;
c. adding Al-10Sr alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1h to obtain aluminum alloy melt;
d. refining, degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy liquid to obtain die casting liquid;
e. transferring the die-casting liquid to a high-pressure hydraulic die-casting machine, and die-casting an aluminum alloy baking tray blank through a baking tray die;
f. after polishing the blank of the aluminum alloy baking tray, coating to obtain a finished product of the high-heat-conductivity baking tray;
wherein the addition of Sr element accounts for 0.03-0.05wt% of the total alloy addition, the addition of B element accounts for 0.03-0.05wt% of the total alloy addition, the aluminum alloy cast ingot is selected from one or more of ADC10 aluminum alloy, ADC11 aluminum alloy and ADC12 aluminum alloy, the pressure in the die casting process is 250-300MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 seconds.
It is believed that the size of the nuclei is affected by supercooling of the melt, and analysis of the Clausis-Crabellon equation shows that as the pressure is increased on the as-cast melt, the higher the temperature of crystallization, the smaller the size of the corresponding nuclei. The addition of copper can increase the strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy, while for the ADC10, ADC11 or ADC12 alloys with higher copper content, copper is more likely to precipitate, resulting in non-uniformity of the aluminum phase, which also has a negative effect on the thermal conductivity. Therefore, when the die casting is carried out by adopting higher pressure, the phenomenon can be effectively avoided.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Cu element constitutes 1.5-5wt%, preferably 2-4wt% of the total alloy.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the aluminum alloy high-heat-conductivity baking tray prepared by the method is greater than 185W/(m.K).
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coating is selected from a polytetrafluoroethylene coating or a medical stone coating. The polytetrafluoroethylene coating is a relatively common non-stick coating and has been widely applied to baking trays. The medical stone coating is a latest popular coating, and the two coatings can prevent food from directly contacting with the aluminum alloy body, so that the use is safer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step e, the bakeware mold is heated and kept at 150-170 ℃ before being subjected to die casting.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a bakeware with high heat conduction effect. The baking tray is prepared by the method. Preferably, the thickness of the baking tray is 1-2 mm.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
1. the aluminum alloy baking tray die-cast by the preparation method has higher thermal conductivity, transfers heat uniformly when baking food, is not easy to cause baking paste and scorch, and meets the requirements of baking novice and an oven with poor temperature control effect.
2. The die casting method of the invention selects high-pressure die casting, so that the high heat conductivity coefficient of the aluminum alloy with high copper content can be ensured, and the cast casting can be ensured to be flat and bubble-free.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic analysis of the sample of example No. 2;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic analysis chart of the sample of example No. 4.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Examples
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a high thermal conductivity baking tray comprises:
a. adding the aluminum alloy ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, and controlling the smelting temperature to be 740-760 ℃;
b. adding the Al-5B alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1 h;
c. adding Al-10Sr alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1h to obtain aluminum alloy melt;
d. refining, degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy liquid to obtain die casting liquid;
e. transferring the die-casting liquid to a high-pressure hydraulic die-casting machine, and die-casting an aluminum alloy baking tray blank through a baking tray die;
f. and (4) after polishing the blank of the aluminum alloy baking tray, coating to obtain a finished product of the high-heat-conductivity baking tray.
The aluminum ingot raw materials and process conditions used are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Numbering | Ingot casting raw material | Sr（wt%） | B（wt%） | Pressure (MPa) |
| 1 | ADC10 | 0 | 0.03 | 250 |
| 2 | ADC10 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 150 |
| 3 | ADC10 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 250 |
| 4 | ADC12 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 285 |
| 5 | ADC12 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 285 |
And sampling and testing the numbered samples before coating, intercepting the center of the sample, testing and comparing, and measuring by using a C-THERM TCI thermal conductivity tester.
The thermal conductivity test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Thermal conductivity W/(m.K) | 121.5 | Uneven test specimen, not tested | 185.5 | 205.4 | 190.3 |
From the results, it can be seen that when the pressure for die casting is increased to 250MPa or more, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum materials can be 185W/(m.K) or more even for the ADC10 and ADC12 aluminum materials with high copper content.
The metallographic analysis results are shown in FIGS. 1-2. The samples numbered 2 and 4 were polished, etched with 0.5% hydrofluoric acid and the texture was observed under a metallographic microscope. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the microstructure of sample 2 is shown, and as shown in fig. 2, the microstructure of sample 4 is shown.
The alloy structure in FIG. 1 is not uniform, and bulk eutectic silicon appears locally; in fig. 2, unlike fig. 1, the eutectic silicon in the structure is in the form of needles aligned in a high pressure die casting manner, and the transformation greatly increases the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy.
The high-heat-conductivity baking tray prepared by the method has excellent heat conductivity and tensile strength, can be applied to high-quality baking trays, has a simple production method, and is suitable for large-scale production.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a high-heat-conductivity baking tray is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. adding the aluminum alloy ingot into a smelting furnace for smelting, and controlling the smelting temperature to be 740-760 ℃;
b. adding the Al-5B alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1 h;
c. adding Al-10Sr alloy into a smelting furnace, controlling the temperature to be 740 and 760 ℃, and preserving the heat for 0.5-1h to obtain aluminum alloy melt;
d. refining, degassing and deslagging the aluminum alloy liquid to obtain die casting liquid;
e. transferring the die-casting liquid to a high-pressure hydraulic die-casting machine, and die-casting an aluminum alloy baking tray blank through a baking tray die;
f. after polishing the blank of the aluminum alloy baking tray, coating to obtain a finished product of the high-heat-conductivity baking tray;
wherein the addition of Sr element accounts for 0.03-0.05wt% of the total alloy content, the addition of B element accounts for 0.03-0.05wt% of the total alloy content, the aluminum alloy cast ingot is one or more of ADC10 aluminum alloy, ADC11 aluminum alloy and ADC12 aluminum alloy, the pressure in the die casting process is 250-300MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 5-10 seconds, Cu element accounts for 2-4wt% of the total alloy, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the high-heat-conductivity baking tray is greater than 185W/(m.K).
2. The preparation method of the baking tray with high heat conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coating is selected from a polytetrafluoroethylene coating or a medical stone coating.
3. The preparation method of the baking tray with high heat conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and heating the baking tray mould, keeping the temperature at 150-170 ℃, and then performing die casting.
4. The high-heat-conductivity baking tray prepared by the preparation method of the high-heat-conductivity baking tray according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The bakeware with high heat conductivity as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the baking tray is 1-2 mm.
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| CN201811383393.3A CN109628778B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Preparation method of high-heat-conductivity baking tray |
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| CN201811383393.3A CN109628778B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Preparation method of high-heat-conductivity baking tray |
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| CN109628778B true CN109628778B (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS59189055A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-26 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Production of die cast parts having less blowhole |
| JP5469100B2 (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2014-04-09 | 株式会社大紀アルミニウム工業所 | Aluminum alloy for pressure casting and cast aluminum alloy |
| CN104874772B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-08-29 | 柳州市百田机械有限公司 | The preparation method of high compactness pack alloy |
| CN107686912A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-13 | 苏州市永创金属科技有限公司 | A kind of high heat conduction aluminium alloy compression casting material |
| CN108165842B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-08-16 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of semisolid pressure casting high thermal conductivity aluminium alloy and its pressure casting method |
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