CN109623578B - CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine and needle grinding control method - Google Patents
CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine and needle grinding control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109623578B CN109623578B CN201811609083.9A CN201811609083A CN109623578B CN 109623578 B CN109623578 B CN 109623578B CN 201811609083 A CN201811609083 A CN 201811609083A CN 109623578 B CN109623578 B CN 109623578B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
- B24B19/16—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding sharp-pointed workpieces, e.g. needles, pens, fish hooks, tweezers or record player styli
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a full-automatic needle grinding technology, in particular to a CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine and a needle grinding control method, which comprises the following steps of 1) obtaining coordinates of a workpiece in step 1); step 2), the grinding wheel is moved to a tool setting position; step 3) initial positioning of a grinding wheel; step 4) precisely positioning a grinding wheel; step 5) workpiece preliminary processing; step 6) finish machining the workpiece; step 7), polishing the workpiece; the needle grinding machine comprises a base and a position adjusting device arranged on the base, wherein the position adjusting device comprises a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, a needle punching clamping mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a CCD (charge coupled device) camera capable of scanning a coarse needle is arranged on the needle punching clamping mechanism, the CCD camera is connected with an industrial personal computer, and a primary grinding mechanism and a fine grinding mechanism which are mutually perpendicular along a horizontal square shaft are arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism; the invention improves the polishing precision of the product and realizes the purpose of automatic and accurate positioning polishing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a full-automatic needle grinding technology, in particular to a CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine and a needle grinding control method.
Background
Along with the development of scientific technology and the improvement of living standard of people, the production and manufacturing industry is also vigorously developed, the diameter of the working part of the spinneret plate finishing punching needle of the spinneret plate is formed by arc lines, straight lines and oblique lines (0.1-0.04 mm), the punching needle material is hard alloy and high-speed steel, and the punching needle is extremely easy to break when the diameter is ultra-small, and the diameter is 0.015 mm. The needle grinding device is an important processing and producing device, the production and preparation of the needle grinding device need more technical support and improvement of the quality of the method, however, in the traditional processing and preparation, the existing rough grinding devices on the market can only grind straight and oblique foxes, and cannot be finished. The arc can only be manually polished under a microscope. The method does not use the assembly line work of the production products, and hidden danger is caused to staff safety, and secondly, for high-precision processing elements such as punching pins, the traditional technology uses a microscope for manual observation and positioning, the manual observation position is inaccurate, the precision is poor, the operation labor intensity is high, and the processing mode can only meet parts with low precision requirements.
However, in the traditional processing preparation, polishing of the polishing device has a plurality of defects that need to be improved, and some polishing devices on the market at present, the method does not use the assembly line work of the production product, and hidden danger is caused to staff safety, and secondly, for the high-precision processing original paper such as a punching needle, the traditional technology uses manual observation and positioning, the manual observation position is inaccurate, the precision is poor, the operation labor intensity is high, and the processing mode can only meet some parts with low precision requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine and a needle grinding control method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the needle grinding control method includes inputting standard graphic coordinate parameters of workpiece to be processed to industrial computer, and the following steps:
step 1) obtaining coordinates of a workpiece: the spinneret head punching needle to be processed is clamped on the clamping mechanism, a CCD camera is started through the industrial personal computer, a third rotary control motor is started, image data of an original workpiece are obtained through rotation of the workpiece, the second storage module uploads the image data to the image processing module, the image processing module processes the image data, and the image data is transmitted to the PC to be compared with a standard drawing to calculate feed parameters.
Step 2) the grinding wheel is moved to a tool setting position: starting a Y-axis control motor and an X-axis control motor through an industrial personal computer, and respectively driving a Y-axis guide table to move and an X-axis guide table to move by the Y-axis control motor and the X-axis control motor to enable a grinding wheel to approach a spinneret plate head punching needle until the grinding wheel moves to a tool setting position;
step 3) initial positioning of the grinding wheel: the method comprises the steps that an industrial personal computer controls a mobile position adjusting device, a CCD camera continuously acquires image data of a grinding wheel, the image data is uploaded to the industrial personal computer, a first storage module uploads the image data to an image processing module for processing to obtain a profile diagram of the grinding wheel, an automatic generation module obtains coordinates of the grinding wheel, the coordinates data are uploaded to a comparison module, the coordinates are compared with coordinates of a needle punching standard drawing in the step 1), whether the distance between the grinding wheel and a needle point of a needle punching needle of a spinneret plate head reaches a preset range is judged, and if the distance between the grinding wheel and the needle punching needle does not reach the preset range, the position adjusting device is moved until the distance between the grinding wheel and the needle punching needle is within the preset range;
and 4) precisely positioning a grinding wheel: after the grinding wheel is initially positioned in the step 3), the distance between the grinding wheel and the punching needle is within a preset range, at the moment, the position adjusting device is moved, when the punching needle is electrified, the grinding wheel is contacted with the punching needle, high-frequency and low-frequency are formed on the datum planes of the punching needle and the grinding wheel, so that a potential difference is formed, a PID controller sends a signal to a PC, and the PC transmits operation feed parameters and standard image operation coordinate instructions to the controller for execution.
Step 5) workpiece primary processing: starting a first rotary control motor and a third rotary control motor, wherein the first rotary control motor drives a first driving screw rod to move so as to drive a grinding wheel to rotate; the third rotary control motor drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor to rotate, and the spinneret head punch needle rotates 360 degrees; grinding the punching needle to 10 filaments; then moving the position adjusting device to enable the grinding wheel to retract to the tool setting position;
step 6) workpiece finish machining: the CCD camera acquires the needle punching image after the preliminary processing in the step 5), the image is uploaded to the industrial personal computer, the second storage module uploads the image data to the image processing module, and the image processing module processes the image data to obtain the coordinates of the needle point of the needle punching of the spinneret head; then repeating the step 3) and the step 4), enabling the grinding wheel to contact with the punching needle, and starting a first rotary control motor and a third rotary control motor, wherein the first rotary control motor drives a first driving screw rod to move so as to drive the grinding wheel to rotate; the third rotary control motor drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor to rotate, the spinneret plate head needle rotates 360 degrees, and the needle is ground to 3-4 filaments; then, the position adjusting device is moved to enable the grinding wheel to retract to the tool setting position;
step 7) polishing the workpiece: a CCD camera acquires the punch needle image after the finish machining in the step 6); then uploading the image data acquired by the CCD camera to an industrial personal computer, and uploading the image data to an image processing module by a second storage module, wherein the image processing module processes the image data to obtain coordinates of a needle point of a spinneret head trace punch needle; the method comprises the steps that an industrial personal computer controls a mobile position adjusting device, in the process, a CCD camera continuously acquires image data of a polishing grinding wheel, the image data is uploaded to the industrial personal computer, a first storage module uploads the image data to an image processing module for processing to obtain a profile image of the polishing grinding wheel, an automatic generation module obtains coordinates of the polishing grinding wheel, the coordinates data are uploaded to a comparison module and are compared with coordinates of a needle point of a needle punching needle of a spinneret plate head, whether the distance between the polishing grinding wheel and the needle point of the needle punching needle of the spinneret plate head reaches a preset range or not is judged, and if the distance between the polishing grinding wheel and the needle punching needle does not reach the preset range, the position adjusting device is moved until the distance between the polishing grinding wheel and the needle punching needle is within the preset range; then, the industrial personal computer controls the moving position adjusting device, when the punching needle is electrified, the polishing grinding wheel is contacted with the punching needle, high-frequency and low-frequency are formed on the reference surfaces of the punching needle and the polishing grinding wheel, so that a potential difference is formed, the PID controller sends out position coordinate signals, the PC computer instructs the controller to execute operation parameters, and the second rotary control motor and the third rotary control motor are started, and the second rotary control motor drives the second driving screw rod to move so as to drive the polishing grinding wheel to rotate; the third rotary control motor drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor to rotate, and the spinneret head punch needle rotates 360 degrees; meanwhile, a Y-axis control motor is started to drive a Y-axis control screw rod to move so as to drive a Y-axis guide table to move, and the punching needle is uniformly polished.
The CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine for realizing the needle grinding control method comprises a base and a position adjusting device arranged on the base, wherein the position adjusting device comprises a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, a needle punching clamping mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a CCD camera capable of scanning a needle is arranged on the needle punching clamping mechanism, the CCD camera is connected with an industrial personal computer, and a primary grinding mechanism and a fine grinding mechanism which are arranged along a horizontal square shaft in a mutually perpendicular mode are arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism.
Further, the Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a Y-axis guide table, the Y-axis guide table is driven by a Y-axis control screw rod, the front end of the Y-axis control screw rod is connected with a Y-axis control motor, the rear end of the Y-axis control screw rod is provided with a Y-axis approaching bracket, and a Y-axis approaching switch is arranged on the Y-axis approaching bracket;
the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis guide table and comprises an X-axis guide table, the X-axis guide table is driven by an X-axis control screw rod, an X-axis control motor is arranged at the front end of the X-axis control screw rod, an X-axis approaching bracket is arranged at the rear end of the X-axis control screw rod, and an X-axis approaching switch is arranged on the X-axis approaching bracket.
Further, dust covers are arranged between the Y-axis control motor and the Y-axis guide table and between the X-axis control motor and the X-axis guide table.
Further, the primary grinding mechanism and the fine grinding mechanism are isolated from the upper surface of the X-axis moving mechanism through insulating blocks, the primary grinding mechanism comprises a grinding shell, a first rotary control motor is installed at the rear end of the grinding shell, the first rotary control motor is connected with a first speed reducer, the first speed reducer is connected with a first coupler, the first coupler is connected with a first driving screw rod, and the first driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the grinding shell and is connected with a grinding wheel;
the fine grinding mechanism comprises a polishing shell, a second rotary control motor is arranged at the rear end of the polishing shell and connected with a second speed reducer, the second speed reducer is connected with a second coupler, the second coupler is connected with a second driving screw rod, and the second driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the polishing shell and is connected with a polishing grinding wheel.
Further, the punching needle clamping mechanism comprises a box body and a clamping shell arranged on the box body, the clamping shell is insulated from the upper surface of the box body through an insulating pad, a third rotary control motor is arranged at the rear end of the clamping shell and is connected with a third speed reducer, the third speed reducer is connected with a third driving screw rod through a third coupler, the third driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the clamping shell and is connected to a motor, a chuck locking cap is arranged at the front end of the motor and locks a head chuck on the motor, a spinneret plate head punching needle is clamped in the head chuck, and a motor with an encoder controls the rotation angle on the third coupler;
an insulating upright post is arranged on the clamping shell, a camera support is arranged on the insulating upright post, and the camera support is used for fixing a CCD (charge coupled device) camera.
Further, the visual center of the camera of the CCD camera and the spinneret plate head punching needle are positioned on the same vertical axis.
Further, the CCD camera is used for collecting the image of the workpiece and transmitting the image to the industrial personal computer in real time, and a first storage module, a second storage module, an image processing module, an automatic generation module, a comparison module, a display module, a PID controller and an A/D conversion module are arranged in the industrial personal computer;
the first storage module is used for storing a coordinate system of a first procedure;
the second storage module is connected with the CCD camera and synchronously stores workpiece images acquired by the CCD camera;
the image processing module performs edge processing on the image and extracts the contour line of the workpiece;
the automatic generation module automatically generates a coordinate system according to the image processed by the image processing module;
the comparison module compares the coordinate system of the first procedure stored in the first storage module with an actual coordinate system;
the PID controller is connected with the A/D conversion module, and the A/D conversion module is connected with the Y-axis control motor, the X-axis control motor, the first rotary control motor, the second rotary control motor and the third rotary control motor respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the positions of the punching needle to be processed and the grinding wheel are obtained through the CCD camera, the coordinate system is automatically generated through the automatic generation module according to the image processed by the image processing module, the coordinate system of the first procedure stored by the first storage module is compared with the actual coordinate system through the comparison module, and the PID controller controls the adjusting device to move until the distance between the grinding wheel and the punching needle is in a preset range, so that the initial positioning of the grinding wheel and the punching needle is achieved; then, through potential difference formed by the approach of the charged punching needle and the grinding wheel, the fine positioning of the punching needle and the grinding wheel is realized; the process is repeated, so that the positioning of the polishing grinding wheel and the processed punching needle is realized, the polishing precision of the product is improved, and the automatic accurate positioning polishing purpose is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of controlling the grinding needle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention;
1, a base; 2 a position adjusting device; 3. a punch needle clamping mechanism; 4. an industrial personal computer; 5. a primary grinding mechanism; 6. a fine grinding mechanism;
201. a Y-axis guide table; 202. the Y axis controls the motor; 203. an insulating block; 204. an X-axis guide table; 205. an X-axis control motor; 206. the X axis is close to the bracket; 207. an X-axis proximity switch; 208. a dust cover;
301. a case; 302. a clamping housing; 303. an insulating pad; 304. a third rotation control motor; 305. a third coupling;
306. a motor; 307. a chuck locking cap; 308. a head clamp; 309. a spinneret head is provided with a punch needle; 310. an insulating column; 311. a camera mount; 312. a CCD camera;
501. grinding the shell; 502. a first rotation control motor; 503. a first coupling; 504. grinding wheel;
601. polishing the shell; 602. a second rotation control motor; 603. a second coupling; 604. polishing grinding wheel;
401. a first storage module; 402. a second storage module; 403. an image processing module; 404. an automatic generation module; 405. a comparison module; 406. a display module; 407. a PID controller; 408. and an A/D conversion module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments thereof, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided for illustration of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
The invention also specifically discloses a needle grinding control method with reference to fig. 1, which comprises the following steps:
the grinding control method comprises the steps of inputting standard graphic coordinate parameters of a workpiece to be processed into an industrial personal computer 4, and then carrying out the following steps:
step 1) obtaining coordinates of a workpiece: clamping a spinneret head punch 309 to be processed on a clamping mechanism, starting a CCD camera 312 through an industrial personal computer 4, starting a third rotary control motor 304, acquiring image data of an original workpiece through rotation of the workpiece, uploading the image data to an image processing module 403 by a second storage module 402, processing the image data by the image processing module 403, and comparing parameters with a standard drawing by a PC (personal computer) to calculate feed parameters;
step 2) grinding wheel 504 is moved to the tool setting position: starting a Y-axis control motor 202 and an X-axis control motor 205 through the industrial personal computer 4, and respectively driving a Y-axis guide table to move 201 and an X-axis guide table to move 204 by the Y-axis control motor 202 and the X-axis control motor 205 to enable a grinding wheel 504 to approach a spinneret runner punching needle 309 until the grinding wheel 504 moves to a tool setting position;
step 3) initial positioning of grinding wheel 504: the industrial personal computer 4 controls the movable position adjusting device 2, the CCD camera 312 continuously acquires image data of the grinding wheel 504, the image data is uploaded to the industrial personal computer 4, the first storage module 401 uploads the image data to the image processing module 403 for processing, a profile diagram of the grinding wheel is obtained, the automatic generating module 404 obtains coordinates of the grinding wheel 504, the coordinates data are uploaded to the comparing module 405, the coordinates are compared with the coordinates of the needle punching standard drawing in the step 1), whether the distance between the grinding wheel 504 and the needle tip of the spinneret plate head needle 309 reaches a preset range is judged, and if the distance is not within the preset range, the position adjusting device 2 is moved until the distance between the grinding wheel 309 and the needle punching is within the preset range;
step 4) fine positioning of grinding wheel 504: after the grinding wheel 504 is initially positioned in the step 3), the distance between the grinding wheel 504 and the punch pin is within a preset range, at this time, the position adjusting device 2 is moved, when the punch pin 309 is electrified, the grinding wheel 504 contacts with the punch pin 309, high-frequency and low-frequency are formed on the datum planes of the punch pin 309 and the grinding wheel 504, so that a potential difference is formed, a PID controller sends a signal to a PC, and the PC transmits operation feed parameters and standard image operation coordinate instructions to the controller for execution;
step 5) workpiece primary processing: starting a first rotary control motor 502 and a third rotary control motor 304, wherein the first rotary control motor 502 drives a first driving screw rod to move so as to drive a grinding wheel 504 to rotate; the third rotation control motor 304 drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor 306 to rotate, and the spinneret head punch needle 309 rotates 360 degrees; grinding the punching needle to 10 filaments; then, the position adjusting device 2 is moved to retract the grinding wheel 504 to the tool setting position;
step 6) workpiece finish machining: the CCD camera 312 acquires the needle punching image after the preliminary processing in the step 5), the image is uploaded to the industrial personal computer 4, the second storage module 402 uploads the image data to the image processing module 403, and the image processing module 403 processes the image data to obtain the coordinates of the needle tip of the spinneret needle 309; then repeating the step 3) and the step 4), enabling the grinding wheel 504 to be in contact with the punching needle, starting the first rotary control motor 502 and the third rotary control motor 304, and enabling the first rotary control motor 502 to drive the first driving screw rod to move so as to drive the grinding wheel 504 to rotate; the third rotation control motor 304 drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor 306 to rotate, the spinneret plate head punch needle 309 rotates 360 degrees, and the punch needle is grinded to 3-4 filaments; then, the position adjusting device 2 is moved to enable the grinding wheel 504 to retract to the tool setting position;
step 7) polishing the workpiece: the CCD camera 312 acquires the punch needle image after the finish machining in the step 6); then, uploading the image data acquired by the CCD camera 312 to the industrial personal computer 4, uploading the image data to the image processing module 403 by the second storage module 402, and processing the image data by the image processing module 403 to obtain the coordinates of the needle tip of the spinneret trace punch 309; the industrial personal computer 4 controls the movement position adjusting device 2, in the process, the CCD camera 312 continuously acquires image data of the polishing wheel 604, the image data is uploaded to the industrial personal computer 4, the first storage module 401 uploads the image data to the image processing module 403 for processing, a profile diagram of the polishing wheel 604 is obtained, the automatic generation module 404 obtains coordinates of the polishing wheel 604, the coordinates data are uploaded to the comparison module 405 and are compared with coordinates of a needle point of the spinneret head punch needle 309, whether the distance between the polishing wheel 604 and the needle point of the spinneret head punch needle 309 reaches a preset range is judged, if the distance is not within the preset range, the position adjusting device 2 is moved until the distance between the polishing wheel 604 and the punch needle is within the preset range; then the industrial personal computer 4 controls the moving position adjusting device 2, when the punching needle is electrified, the polishing grinding wheel 604 contacts with the punching needle 309, high electric frequency and low electric frequency are formed on the datum planes of the punching needle 309 and the polishing grinding wheel 604, so that a potential difference is formed, the PID controller sends out position coordinate signals, the PC instructs the controller to execute operation parameters, the second rotary control motor 602 and the third rotary control motor 304 are started, and the second rotary control motor 602 drives the second driving screw rod to move so as to drive the polishing grinding wheel 604 to rotate; the third rotation control motor 304 drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor 306 to rotate, and the spinneret head punch needle 309 rotates 360 degrees; meanwhile, the Y-axis control motor 202 is started to drive the Y-axis control screw rod to move so as to drive the Y-axis guide table 201 to move, and the punching needle is uniformly polished.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the invention also discloses a CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine for implementing the needle grinding method, which comprises a base 1, and a position adjusting device 2 arranged on the base 1, wherein the position adjusting device 2 comprises a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, a needle punching clamping mechanism 3 is arranged at the rear end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a CCD camera 312 capable of scanning a needle is arranged on the needle punching clamping mechanism 3, the CCD camera 312 is connected with an industrial personal computer 4, and a primary grinding mechanism 5 and a fine grinding mechanism 6 which are arranged along a horizontal square shaft and perpendicular to each other are arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism.
The Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a Y-axis guide table 201, the Y-axis guide table 201 is driven by a Y-axis control screw rod, the front end of the Y-axis control screw rod is connected with a Y-axis control motor 202, the rear end of the Y-axis control screw rod is provided with a Y-axis approaching bracket, and a Y-axis approaching switch is arranged on the Y-axis approaching bracket; the X-axis moving mechanism is installed on a Y-axis guide table 201 and comprises an X-axis guide table 204, the X-axis guide table 204 is driven by an X-axis control screw, an X-axis control motor 205 is arranged at the front end of the X-axis control screw, an X-axis approaching bracket 206 is arranged at the rear end of the X-axis control screw, and an X-axis approaching switch 207 is arranged on the X-axis approaching bracket 206; dust covers 208 are arranged between the Y-axis control motor 202 and the Y-axis guide table 201 and between the X-axis control motor 205 and the X-axis guide table 204.
The Y-axis proximity switch and the X-axis proximity switch 207 automatically sense the moving positions of the Y-axis guide table 201 and the X-axis guide table 204, respectively, and prevent the Y-axis guide table 201 and the X-axis guide table 204 from moving excessively.
The primary grinding mechanism 5 and the fine grinding mechanism 6 are isolated from the upper surface of the X-axis moving mechanism through an insulating block 203, the primary grinding mechanism 5 comprises a grinding shell 501, a first rotation control motor 502 is installed at the rear end of the grinding shell 501, the first rotation control motor 502 is connected with a first speed reducer, the first speed reducer is connected with a first coupler 503, the first coupler 503 is connected with a first driving screw, and the first driving screw penetrates through the inside of the grinding shell 501 and is connected with a grinding wheel 504; the fine grinding mechanism 6 comprises a polishing shell 601, a second rotary control motor 602 is mounted at the rear end of the polishing shell 601, the second rotary control motor 602 is connected with a second speed reducer, the second speed reducer is connected with a second coupler 603, the second coupler 603 is connected with a second driving screw, and the second driving screw penetrates through the polishing shell 601 and is connected with a polishing grinding wheel 604.
The punch pin clamping mechanism 3 comprises a box 301 and a clamping shell 302 arranged on the box 301, the clamping shell 302 is insulated from the upper surface of the box 301 through an insulating pad 303, a third rotation control motor 304 is arranged at the rear end of the clamping shell 302, the third rotation control motor 304 is connected with a third speed reducer, the third speed reducer is connected with a third driving screw through a third coupler 305, the third driving screw penetrates through the inside of the clamping shell 302 and is connected to a motor 306, a chuck locking cap 307 is arranged at the front end of the motor 306, a head chuck 308 is locked on the motor 306 by the chuck locking cap 307, a spinneret plate head punch pin 309 is clamped in the head chuck 308, and a motor with an encoder is arranged on the third coupler 305 to control the rotation angle; an insulating upright post 310 is mounted on the clamping shell 301, a camera bracket 311 is arranged on the insulating upright post 310, a CCD camera 312 is fixed on the camera bracket 311, and the visual center of a camera of the CCD camera 312 and the spinneret head punching needle 309 are positioned on the same vertical axis.
The CCD camera 313 is used for collecting an image of the workpiece and transmitting the image to the industrial personal computer 4 in real time, and a first storage module 401, a second storage module 402, an image processing module 403, an automatic generation module 404, a comparison module 405, a display module 906, a PID controller 407 and an A/D conversion module 408 are arranged in the industrial personal computer 4;
the first storage module 401 is configured to store a coordinate system of the first process/the second process;
the second storage module 402 is connected with the CCD camera 312 and synchronously stores the workpiece images acquired by the CCD camera 312;
the image processing module 403 performs edge processing on the image to extract the contour line of the workpiece;
the automatic generation module 404 automatically generates a coordinate system according to the image processed by the image processing module 403;
the comparison module 405 compares the coordinate system of the first process stored in the first storage module 401 with the actual coordinate system;
the PID controller 407 is connected with the a/D conversion module 408, and the a/D conversion module 408 is connected with the Y-axis control motor 202, the X-axis control motor 302, the first rotation control motor 502, the second rotation control motor 602, and the third rotation control motor 304, respectively.
The invention obtains the positions of the punch pin to be processed and the grinding wheel through a CCD camera, an automatic generation module 404 automatically generates a coordinate system according to the image processed by the image processing module 403, a comparison module 405 compares the coordinate system of the first procedure stored by the first storage module 401 with an actual coordinate system, and a PID controller 407 controls an adjusting device to move until the distance between the grinding wheel 504 and the punch pin is in a preset range, so as to achieve the initial positioning of the grinding wheel and the punch pin 504; then, through potential difference formed by the approach of the charged punching needle and the grinding wheel 504, the accurate positioning of the punching needle and the grinding wheel 504 is realized; the process is repeated to realize the positioning of the polishing grinding wheel 604 and the processed punching needle, the product polishing precision is improved, and the automatic accurate positioning polishing purpose is realized.
The foregoing has described in detail the embodiments of the present invention, and specific embodiments have been employed to illustrate the principles and implementations of the embodiments of the present invention, the above description of the embodiments being only useful for aiding in the understanding of the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, as for those skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there are variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The needle grinding control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of inputting standard graphic coordinate parameters of a workpiece to be processed into an industrial personal computer, and then:
step 1) obtaining coordinates of a workpiece: clamping a spinneret head punch pin to be processed on a clamping mechanism, starting a CCD camera through an industrial personal computer, starting a third rotary control motor, acquiring image data of an original workpiece through rotation of the workpiece, uploading the image data to an image processing module by a second storage module, processing the image data by the image processing module, and comparing parameters with a standard drawing by the image processing module, and calculating feed parameters;
step 2) the grinding wheel is moved to a tool setting position: starting a Y-axis control motor and an X-axis control motor through an industrial personal computer, and respectively driving a Y-axis guide table to move and an X-axis guide table to move by the Y-axis control motor and the X-axis control motor to enable a grinding wheel to approach a spinneret plate head punching needle until the grinding wheel moves to a tool setting position;
step 3) initial positioning of the grinding wheel: the method comprises the steps that an industrial personal computer controls a mobile position adjusting device, a CCD camera continuously acquires image data of a grinding wheel, the image data is uploaded to the industrial personal computer, a first storage module uploads the image data to an image processing module for processing to obtain a profile diagram of the grinding wheel, an automatic generation module obtains coordinates of the grinding wheel, the coordinates data are uploaded to a comparison module, the coordinates are compared with coordinates of a needle punching standard drawing in the step 1), whether the distance between the grinding wheel and a needle point of a needle punching needle of a spinneret plate head reaches a preset range is judged, and if the distance between the grinding wheel and the needle punching needle does not reach the preset range, the position adjusting device is moved until the distance between the grinding wheel and the needle punching needle is within the preset range;
and 4) precisely positioning a grinding wheel: after the grinding wheel is initially positioned in the step 3), the distance between the grinding wheel and the punching needle is within a preset range, at the moment, the position adjusting device is moved, when the punching needle is electrified, the grinding wheel is contacted with the punching needle, high-frequency and low-frequency are formed on the datum planes of the punching needle and the grinding wheel, so that a potential difference is formed, a PID controller sends a signal to a PC, and the PC transmits operation feed parameters and standard image operation coordinate instructions to the controller for execution;
step 5) workpiece primary processing: starting a first rotary control motor and a third rotary control motor, wherein the first rotary control motor drives a first driving screw rod to move so as to drive a grinding wheel to rotate; the third rotary control motor drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor to rotate, and the spinneret head punch needle rotates 360 degrees; grinding the punching needle to 10 filaments; then moving the position adjusting device to enable the grinding wheel to retract to the tool setting position;
step 6) workpiece finish machining: the CCD camera acquires the needle punching image after the preliminary processing in the step 5), the image is uploaded to the industrial personal computer, the second storage module uploads the image data to the image processing module, and the image processing module processes the image data to obtain the coordinates of the needle point of the needle punching of the spinneret head; then repeating the step 3) and the step 4), enabling the grinding wheel to contact with the punching needle, and starting a first rotary control motor and a third rotary control motor, wherein the first rotary control motor drives a first driving screw rod to move so as to drive the grinding wheel to rotate; the third rotary control motor drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor to rotate, the spinneret plate head needle rotates 360 degrees, and the needle is ground to 3-4 filaments; then, the position adjusting device is moved to enable the grinding wheel to retract to the tool setting position;
step 7) polishing the workpiece: a CCD camera acquires the punch needle image after the finish machining in the step 6); then uploading the image data acquired by the CCD camera to an industrial personal computer, and uploading the image data to an image processing module by a second storage module, wherein the image processing module processes the image data to obtain coordinates of a needle point of a spinneret head trace punch needle; the method comprises the steps that an industrial personal computer controls a mobile position adjusting device, in the process, a CCD camera continuously acquires image data of a polishing grinding wheel, the image data is uploaded to the industrial personal computer, a first storage module uploads the image data to an image processing module for processing to obtain a profile image of the polishing grinding wheel, an automatic generation module obtains coordinates of the polishing grinding wheel, the coordinates data are uploaded to a comparison module and are compared with coordinates of a needle point of a needle punching needle of a spinneret plate head, whether the distance between the polishing grinding wheel and the needle point of the needle punching needle of the spinneret plate head reaches a preset range or not is judged, and if the distance between the polishing grinding wheel and the needle punching needle does not reach the preset range, the position adjusting device is moved until the distance between the polishing grinding wheel and the needle punching needle is within the preset range;
then, the industrial personal computer controls the moving position adjusting device, when the punching needle is electrified, the polishing grinding wheel is contacted with the punching needle, high-frequency and low-frequency are formed on the reference surfaces of the punching needle and the polishing grinding wheel, so that a potential difference is formed, the PID controller sends out position coordinate signals, the PC computer instructs the controller to execute operation parameters, and the second rotary control motor and the third rotary control motor are started, and the second rotary control motor drives the second driving screw rod to move so as to drive the polishing grinding wheel to rotate; the third rotary control motor drives the third driving screw rod to move so as to drive the motor to rotate, and the spinneret head punch needle rotates 360 degrees; meanwhile, a Y-axis control motor is started to drive a Y-axis control screw rod to move so as to drive a Y-axis guide table to move, and the punching needle is uniformly polished;
in the step 5), if the punching needle to be processed is a special-shaped punching needle, a third rotary control motor is started to drive a third coupler to rotate, an angle sensor senses the rotation angle of the third coupler and transmits data to an industrial personal computer, a PID controller controls the third rotary control motor to stop working, and a grinding wheel only processes one surface of the special-shaped punching needle, which is contacted with the special-shaped punching needle; repeating the steps until the processing of the special-shaped punching needle is completed;
the CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine comprises a base and a position adjusting device arranged on the base, wherein the position adjusting device comprises a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, a needle punching clamping mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a CCD camera capable of scanning a needle is arranged on the needle punching clamping mechanism, the CCD camera is connected with an industrial personal computer, and a primary grinding mechanism and a fine grinding mechanism which are mutually and vertically arranged along a horizontal square shaft are arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism;
the Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a Y-axis guide table, the Y-axis guide table is driven by a Y-axis control screw rod, the front end of the Y-axis control screw rod is connected with a Y-axis control motor, the rear end of the Y-axis control screw rod is provided with a Y-axis approaching bracket, and a Y-axis approaching switch is arranged on the Y-axis approaching bracket;
the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis guide table and comprises an X-axis guide table, the X-axis guide table is driven by an X-axis control screw rod, an X-axis control motor is arranged at the front end of the X-axis control screw rod, an X-axis approaching bracket is arranged at the rear end of the X-axis control screw rod, and an X-axis approaching switch is arranged on the X-axis approaching bracket;
the primary grinding mechanism and the fine grinding mechanism are isolated from the upper surface of the X-axis moving mechanism through insulating blocks, the primary grinding mechanism comprises a grinding shell, a first rotary control motor is installed at the rear end of the grinding shell, the first rotary control motor is connected with a first speed reducer, the first speed reducer is connected with a first coupler, the first coupler is connected with a first driving screw rod, and the first driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the grinding shell and is connected with a grinding wheel;
the fine grinding mechanism comprises a polishing shell, a second rotary control motor is arranged at the rear end of the polishing shell, the second rotary control motor is connected with a second speed reducer, the second speed reducer is connected with a second coupler, the second coupler is connected with a second driving screw rod, and the second driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the polishing shell and is connected with a polishing grinding wheel;
the punching needle clamping mechanism comprises a box body and a clamping shell arranged on the box body, wherein the clamping shell is insulated from the upper surface of the box body through an insulating pad, a third rotary control motor is arranged at the rear end of the clamping shell and is connected with a third speed reducer, the third speed reducer is connected with a third driving screw rod through a third coupler, the third driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the clamping shell and is connected to a motor, a chuck locking cap is arranged at the front end of the motor, the chuck locking cap locks a head chuck on the motor, a spinneret plate head punching needle is clamped in the head chuck, and a motor with an encoder controls the rotation angle on the third coupler;
an insulating upright post is arranged on the clamping shell, a camera support is arranged on the insulating upright post, and the camera support is used for fixing a CCD (charge coupled device) camera.
2. The CCD full-automatic high-precision needle grinding machine for realizing the needle grinding control method according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a base and a position adjusting device arranged on the base, wherein the position adjusting device comprises a Y-axis moving mechanism and an X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism, a needle punching clamping mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a CCD camera capable of scanning a needle punching is arranged on the needle punching clamping mechanism, the CCD camera is connected with an industrial personal computer, and a primary grinding mechanism and a fine grinding mechanism which are mutually perpendicular along a horizontal square shaft are arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism.
3. The full-automatic high-precision CCD needle grinding machine according to claim 2, wherein the Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a Y-axis guide table, the Y-axis guide table is driven by a Y-axis control screw rod, the front end of the Y-axis control screw rod is connected with a Y-axis control motor, the rear end of the Y-axis control screw rod is provided with a Y-axis approaching bracket, and a Y-axis approaching switch is arranged on the Y-axis approaching bracket; the X-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the Y-axis guide table and comprises an X-axis guide table, the X-axis guide table is driven by an X-axis control screw rod, an X-axis control motor is arranged at the front end of the X-axis control screw rod, an X-axis approaching bracket is arranged at the rear end of the X-axis control screw rod, and an X-axis approaching switch is arranged on the X-axis approaching bracket.
4. The full-automatic high-precision CCD needle grinding machine according to claim 3, wherein dust covers are arranged between the Y-axis control motor and the Y-axis guide table and between the X-axis control motor and the X-axis guide table.
5. The full-automatic high-precision CCD needle grinding machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the primary grinding mechanism and the fine grinding mechanism are isolated from the upper surface of the X-axis moving mechanism through insulating blocks, the primary grinding mechanism comprises a grinding shell, a first rotation control motor is arranged at the rear end of the grinding shell and is connected with a first speed reducer, the first speed reducer is connected with a first coupling, the first coupling is connected with a first driving screw rod, and the first driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the grinding shell and is connected with a grinding wheel; the fine grinding mechanism comprises a polishing shell, a second rotary control motor is arranged at the rear end of the polishing shell and connected with a second speed reducer, the second speed reducer is connected with a second coupler, the second coupler is connected with a second driving screw rod, and the second driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the polishing shell and is connected with a polishing grinding wheel.
6. The full-automatic high-precision CCD (charge coupled device) needle grinding machine according to claim 2, wherein the needle punching clamping mechanism comprises a box body and a clamping shell arranged on the box body, the clamping shell is insulated from the upper surface of the box body through an insulating pad, a third rotation control motor is arranged at the rear end of the clamping shell and is connected with a third speed reducer, the third speed reducer is connected with a third driving screw rod through a third coupling, the third driving screw rod penetrates through the inside of the clamping shell and is connected to a motor, a chuck locking cap is arranged at the front end of the motor, a head chuck is locked on the motor, a spinneret head needle is clamped in the head chuck, and the third coupling is provided with a motor control rotation angle with an encoder;
an insulating upright post is arranged on the clamping shell, a camera support is arranged on the insulating upright post, and the camera support is used for fixing a CCD (charge coupled device) camera.
7. The CCD full-automatic high precision needle grinding machine of claim 6, wherein the visual center of the camera of the CCD camera is located on the same vertical axis as the spinneret track punch needle.
8. The full-automatic high-precision CCD needle grinding machine according to claim 2, wherein the CCD camera is used for collecting images of the workpiece and transmitting the images to the industrial personal computer in real time, and a first storage module, a second storage module, an image processing module, an automatic generation module, a comparison module, a display module, a PID controller and an A/D conversion module are arranged in the industrial personal computer;
the first storage module is used for storing a coordinate system of a first procedure;
the second storage module is connected with the CCD camera and synchronously stores workpiece images acquired by the CCD camera;
the image processing module performs edge processing on the image and extracts the contour line of the workpiece;
the automatic generation module automatically generates a coordinate system according to the image processed by the image processing module;
the comparison module compares the coordinate system of the first procedure stored in the first storage module with an actual coordinate system;
the PID controller is connected with the A/D conversion module, and the A/D conversion module is connected with the Y-axis control motor, the X-axis control motor, the first rotary control motor, the second rotary control motor and the third rotary control motor respectively.
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| CN113070745B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-09-16 | 成都工具研究所有限公司 | Numerical control machining machine tool for side edge of blade and machining process of numerical control machine tool |
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