A kind of preparation method of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires
Technical field
The invention belongs to nano-material technical fields, are related to a kind of preparation method of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires.
Background technique
With the rapid development of smart phone and flat display field, the demand of the display screen of flexible bendable increasingly increases
Add, for transparent conductive film material, more stringent requirements are proposed.Due to tin indium oxide (ITO) transparent conductive film bending resistance
Can be poor, silver nanowires transparent conductive film has become the hot spot material of industry concern.Currently, in order to meet wanting for low haze
It asks, the diameter of silver nanowires is only limitted to 40nm or less.Ultra-fine silver nanowire diameter reported in the literature can achieve 20nm or so,
But universal disadvantage is containing a large amount of particle in the silver nanowires prepared, the mass fraction of silver nanowires is only 50% left side
The right side causes the mist degree of the silver nanowires transparent conductive film of preparation very big, is unable to satisfy display screen and wants to transparent conductive film
It asks.Silver nanowires can be separated from prepared product by purification technique, but purification technique known today
Perhaps being related to toxic chemical substance, perhaps process is complicated or purification effect is bad.Therefore, development prepares mass fraction and is greater than
The technology of 50% ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires is especially urgent and silver nanowires transparent conductive film applies on a display screen
One of bottleneck problem.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires, should
Method does not need following purification steps, it is only necessary to can be significantly improved by the moisture adsorbed in heating removal ethylene glycol ultra-fine
The purity of silver nanowires.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires, includes the following steps:
Step 1, the ethylene glycol solution and nitric acid of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide, the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride, PVP are prepared
The ethylene glycol solution of silver passes through the moisture in heating removal ethylene glycol in process for preparation;
Step 2, ethylene glycol is taken, moisture removal is removed in heating, and ethylene glycol solution, the sodium chloride of sodium bromide made from step 1 is added
Ethylene glycol solution, the ethylene glycol solution of PVP and the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate, increase temperature nucleation, reduce temperature growth, system
Obtain ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires.
Preferably, in step 1, the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: take sodium bromide be added ethylene glycol in, in 100 DEG C-
1min-180min is stirred at 150 DEG C.
Preferably, in step 1, the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: take sodium chloride be added ethylene glycol in, in 100 DEG C-
1min-180min is stirred at 150 DEG C.
Preferably, in step 1, the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: PVP is taken to be added in ethylene glycol, in 100 DEG C -150 DEG C
Lower stirring 1min-180min.
Preferably, in step 1, the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: taking ethylene glycol, heats at 100 DEG C -150 DEG C
Moisture removal is removed, is cooled to room temperature, silver nitrate is added, is completely dissolved at 0 DEG C -10 DEG C.
Further, when preparing the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate, ethylene glycol heating stirring 1min- at 100 DEG C -150 DEG C
180min dissolves 5-500s at 0 DEG C -10 DEG C after silver nitrate is added.
Preferably, in step 2, take ethylene glycol, moisture removal is removed in heating, specifically: it is 100 that ethylene glycol, which is heated to temperature,
DEG C -150 DEG C remove moisture removal.
Further, ethylene glycol is heated to stirring 10min-180min after temperature is 100 DEG C -150 DEG C.
Preferably, in step 2, silver nitrate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride and PVP molar ratio be (10-50): 1:(1-5):
(10-50)。
Preferably, in step 2, temperature nucleation is increased, reduces temperature growth, specifically: increasing the temperature to 175 DEG C -190
DEG C, 150 DEG C -170 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized, 30min-180min is kept the temperature, obtains ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The present invention is the moisture by adsorbing in heating removal ethylene glycol, effectively reduces the hydroxyl plasma in reaction solution
Concentration reduces because crystal seed destroys caused by ion etching, regulates and controls the dynamic process of nucleation, significantly improves nucleus and grows into and receives
The probability of rice noodles can be obtained diameter in 15nm-25nm, mass percent in the super of 75%-95% without subsequent purification process
Pure ultra-fine silver nanowires can satisfy demand of the display screen to low haze, and the method for the present invention is simple and easy, at low cost, can be with
Batch production.It there is no the report that ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires is obtained by the moisture in removal ethylene glycol in document and patent at present
Road.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the figure of silver nanowires SEM made from comparative example 1.
Fig. 2 is the figure of silver nanowires SEM made from embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the diameter distribution profile of silver nanowires made from embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the TEM figure of silver nanowires made from embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the figure of silver nanowires SEM made from embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the figure of silver nanowires SEM made from embodiment 3.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
The preparation method of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires of the present invention is adjusted by the moisture in heating removal ethylene glycol
The size of initial nucleus is controlled, after keeping the temperature 30min-180min, can be obtained diameter is 15nm-25nm, Nanowire Quality percentage
For the ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires of 75%-95%.
Specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighing a certain amount of sodium bromide and be dissolved in ethylene glycol, in 100 DEG C-
Stirring and dissolving 1min-180min, concentration 1mM-1000mM are carried out in 150 DEG C of heating plate;
(2) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighing a certain amount of sodium chloride and be dissolved in ethylene glycol, in 100 DEG C-
Stirring and dissolving 1min-180min, concentration 1mM-1000mM are carried out in 150 DEG C of heating plate;
(3) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: weighs a certain amount of PVP and is dissolved in ethylene glycol, in 100 DEG C -150 DEG C
Heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 1min-180min, concentration 0.01mM-10mM;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing a certain amount of ethylene glycol, in 100 DEG C -150 DEG C of heating plate
On be stirred 1min-180min, be cooled to room temperature in drying box, weigh a certain amount of silver nitrate and be dissolved in above-mentioned ethylene glycol
In, it in temperature is ultrasound 5s-500s in 0 DEG C -10 DEG C of ice-water bath in Ultrasound Instrument, up to being completely dissolved, concentration 1mM-
1000mM;
(5) preparation of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires: taking a certain amount of ethylene glycol to pour into round-bottomed flask, in oil bath in
Solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, makes silver nitrate, bromination by 100 DEG C of -150 DEG C of agitating and heating 10min-180min
The molar ratio of sodium, sodium chloride and PVP is (10-50): 1:(1-5): (10-50) increases the temperature to 180 DEG C, after temperature is stablized
170 DEG C are cooled the temperature to, 30min-180min is kept the temperature, it is 15nm-25nm, mass percent in 75%- that diameter, which can be obtained,
95% ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires.
Embodiment 1:
(1) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighs 0.4572g sodium bromide and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 130
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 2h;
(2) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighs 0.2466g sodium chloride and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 130
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 2h;
(3) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: the PVP that 1.68g molecular weight is 360,000 is weighed, 30mL second two is dissolved in
In alcohol, in progress stirring and dissolving 5min in 130 DEG C of heating plate;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing 15mL ethylene glycol, is stirred in 130 DEG C of heating plate
2h is cooled to room temperature in drying box, weighs 0.6765g silver nitrate, is dissolved in above-mentioned ethylene glycol, in temperature in Ultrasound Instrument
Degree is ultrasound 5min in 5 DEG C of ice-water bath;
(5) preparation of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires: 116mL ethylene glycol is taken to pour into the round-bottomed flask of 250mL capacity, in oil
In 130 DEG C of agitating and heating 120min in bath, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, makes silver nitrate, sodium bromide, chlorination
The molar ratio of sodium and PVP are 10:1:1:10, increase the temperature to 180 DEG C, are cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 170 DEG C, heat preservation
60min, it is the ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires of 19nm, mass percent 92% that diameter, which can be obtained,.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, step (5) need to be only changed to the round bottom for taking 116mL ethylene glycol to pour into 250mL capacity burning
In bottle, in oil bath in 130 DEG C of agitating and heating 120min, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, makes silver nitrate, bromine
Change sodium, the molar ratio of sodium chloride and PVP are 10:1:1:10, increase the temperature to 180 DEG C, cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in
160 DEG C, 60min is kept the temperature, it is the ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires of 24nm, mass percent 89% that diameter, which can be obtained,.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of embodiment 1, step (5) need to be only changed to the round bottom for taking 116mL ethylene glycol to pour into 250mL capacity burning
In bottle, in oil bath in 130 DEG C of agitating and heating 30min, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, makes silver nitrate, bromination
The molar ratio of sodium, sodium chloride and PVP is 10:1:1:10, increases the temperature to 180 DEG C, is cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 170
DEG C, 60min is kept the temperature, it is the ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires of 22nm, mass percent 81% that diameter, which can be obtained,.
Embodiment 4:
(1) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighs 0.4572g sodium bromide and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 100
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 3h;
(2) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighs 0.2466g sodium chloride and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 100
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 3h;
(3) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: the PVP that 1.68g molecular weight is 360,000 is weighed, 30mL second two is dissolved in
In alcohol, in progress stirring and dissolving 3h in 100 DEG C of heating plate;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing 15mL ethylene glycol, is stirred in 100 DEG C of heating plate
3h is cooled to room temperature in drying box, weighs 0.6765g silver nitrate, is dissolved in above-mentioned ethylene glycol, in temperature in Ultrasound Instrument
Degree is ultrasound 8.5min in 0 DEG C of ice-water bath;
(5) preparation of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires: 116mL ethylene glycol is taken to pour into the round-bottomed flask of 250mL capacity, in oil
In 100 DEG C of agitating and heating 3h in bath, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, make silver nitrate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride and
The molar ratio of PVP is 20:1:2:20, increases the temperature to 175 DEG C, is cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 150 DEG C, heat preservation
Ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires can be obtained in 30min.
Embodiment 5:
(1) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighs 0.4572g sodium bromide and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 110
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 2.5h;
(2) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighs 0.2466g sodium chloride and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 110
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 2.5h;
(3) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: the PVP that 1.68g molecular weight is 360,000 is weighed, 30mL second two is dissolved in
In alcohol, in progress stirring and dissolving 2.5h in 110 DEG C of heating plate;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing 15mL ethylene glycol, is stirred in 110 DEG C of heating plate
2.5h is cooled to room temperature in drying box, weighs 0.6765g silver nitrate, is dissolved in above-mentioned ethylene glycol, in Ultrasound Instrument
Ultrasound 4min in the ice-water bath that temperature is 2 DEG C;
(5) preparation of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires: 116mL ethylene glycol is taken to pour into the round-bottomed flask of 250mL capacity, in oil
In 110 DEG C of agitating and heating 2.5h in bath, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, makes silver nitrate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride
Molar ratio with PVP is 25:1:3:30, increases the temperature to 185 DEG C, is cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 155 DEG C, heat preservation
Ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires can be obtained in 90min.
Embodiment 6:
(1) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighs 0.4572g sodium bromide and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 120
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 1h;
(2) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighs 0.2466g sodium chloride and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 120
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 1h;
(3) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: the PVP that 1.68g molecular weight is 360,000 is weighed, 30mL second two is dissolved in
In alcohol, in progress stirring and dissolving 1h in 120 DEG C of heating plate;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing 15mL ethylene glycol, is stirred in 120 DEG C of heating plate
1h is cooled to room temperature in drying box, weighs 0.6765g silver nitrate, is dissolved in above-mentioned ethylene glycol, in temperature in Ultrasound Instrument
Degree is ultrasound 2min in 7 DEG C of ice-water bath;
(5) preparation of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires: 116mL ethylene glycol is taken to pour into the round-bottomed flask of 250mL capacity, in oil
In 120 DEG C of agitating and heating 1h in bath, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, make silver nitrate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride and
The molar ratio of PVP is 40:1:3:40, increases the temperature to 190 DEG C, is cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 160 DEG C, heat preservation
Ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires can be obtained in 120min.
Embodiment 7:
(1) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighs 0.4572g sodium bromide and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 150
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 1min;
(2) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighs 0.2466g sodium chloride and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 150
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 1min;
(3) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: the PVP that 1.68g molecular weight is 360,000 is weighed, 30mL second two is dissolved in
In alcohol, in progress stirring and dissolving 1min in 150 DEG C of heating plate;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing 15mL ethylene glycol, is stirred in 150 DEG C of heating plate
2h is cooled to room temperature in drying box, weighs 0.6765g silver nitrate, is dissolved in above-mentioned ethylene glycol, in temperature in Ultrasound Instrument
Degree is ultrasound 5s in 10 DEG C of ice-water bath;
(5) preparation of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires: 116mL ethylene glycol is taken to pour into the round-bottomed flask of 250mL capacity, in oil
In 150 DEG C of agitating and heating 10min in bath, solution made from step (1)-(4) is added immediately, makes silver nitrate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride
Molar ratio with PVP is 50:1:5:50, increases the temperature to 180 DEG C, is cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 165 DEG C, heat preservation
Ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires can be obtained in 180min.
Comparative example 1:
(1) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium bromide: weighs 0.4572g sodium bromide and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 130
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 2h;
(2) it the preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of sodium chloride: weighs 0.2466g sodium chloride and is dissolved in 20mL ethylene glycol, in 130
DEG C heating plate on carry out stirring and dissolving 2h;
(3) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of PVP: the PVP that 1.68g molecular weight is 360,000 is weighed, 30mL second two is dissolved in
In alcohol, in progress stirring and dissolving 5min in 130 DEG C of heating plate;
(4) preparation of the ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate: weighing 0.6765g silver nitrate, is dissolved in 15mL ethylene glycol, in
It in temperature is ultrasound 5min in 5 DEG C of ice-water bath in Ultrasound Instrument;
(5) it the preparation of ultra-fine silver nanowires: takes 116mL ethylene glycol to pour into the round-bottomed flask of 250mL capacity, is added immediately
Solution made from step (1)-(4), silver nitrate, sodium bromide, sodium chloride and PVP molar ratio be 10:1:1:10, increase the temperature to
It 180 DEG C, is cooled the temperature to after temperature is stablized in 170 DEG C, keeps the temperature 60min, obtain the ultra-fine silver nanowires that diameter is 25nm.
The mass fraction of ultra-fine silver nanowires is 55%, SEM figure such as Fig. 1 in ultra-fine silver nanowires prepared by comparative example 1
It is shown, it can be seen that silver nano-grain is relatively more, and the purity of ultra-fine silver nanowires is relatively low.
The mass fraction of ultra-fine silver nanowires is that 92%, SEM schemes such as in ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires prepared by embodiment 1
Shown in Fig. 2, compared with ultra-fine silver nanowires prepared by comparative example 1, it can be seen that silver nano-grain significantly reduces, ultra-fine silver nanoparticle
The purity of line has significant improvement;Fig. 3 is the grain size distribution of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires prepared by embodiment 1, can be with
Find out that its diameter concentrates on 19nm, belongs to ultra-fine silver nanowires.Fig. 4 is ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires prepared by embodiment 1
TEM。
The mass fraction of ultrapure ultra-fine silver nanowires prepared by embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is respectively 89% and 81%,
SEM figure is respectively as it can be seen in figures 5 and 6, as can be seen that wherein compared to Figure 1 the purity of ultra-fine silver nanowires, has significantly
It improves, it is seen then that the present invention can significantly improve the pure of ultra-fine silver nanowires by the method for moisture in heating removal ethylene glycol
Degree.