CN109622867B - Isothermal forging method of TC8-1 titanium alloy disc - Google Patents
Isothermal forging method of TC8-1 titanium alloy disc Download PDFInfo
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- CN109622867B CN109622867B CN201811516373.9A CN201811516373A CN109622867B CN 109622867 B CN109622867 B CN 109622867B CN 201811516373 A CN201811516373 A CN 201811516373A CN 109622867 B CN109622867 B CN 109622867B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/32—Making machine elements wheels; discs discs, e.g. disc wheels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention relates to an isothermal forging method of a TC8-1 titanium alloy disk piece, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: selecting a TC8-1 alloy bar ingot, carrying out water cooling after large deformation at a phase transformation point to realize homogenization of beta grains, carrying out low-temperature forging at 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point with multiple fire times to fully crush the beta grains to obtain an intermediate cake blank with a two-phase region structure with small beta grains and high flaw detection level, and finally carrying out isothermal die forging at the phase transformation point to ensure the deformation of different parts of a plate body, thus obtaining the TC8-1 titanium alloy plate with comprehensive performance and flaw detection meeting requirements after heat treatment. According to the invention, a 2500T quick forging machine is adopted to forge a blank at 50-70 ℃ below a phase transformation point, the deformation amount reaches 30-50%, the original crystal grains are well crushed, and a fine and uniform ring blank with a binary structure is obtained, so that a foundation is provided for subsequent die forging and forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forging method of a titanium alloy disc-shaped forging piece, in particular to an isothermal forging method of a TC8-1 titanium alloy disc-shaped forging piece.
Background
The TB8 alloy is a martensite alpha + beta type deformation heat-strength titanium alloy, has good thermal stability, durability and fatigue performance and long service life, and can be processed into bars and forgings. Therefore, the alloy is recommended to be applied to engine parts, including a blade disc and a blade, which work for a long time (6000 hours) at 400-500 ℃.
Aiming at the TC8-1 alloy with the material characteristics derived on the basis of TB8, the alloy can be made into an engine compressor disk and can be used for a long time at 500 ℃ by adjusting the alloy components. The TC8-1 alloy is used as an ideal material of an engine compressor disk, and experimental phase researches show that the alloy small-size bar has the advantages of fine grains, uniform structure, good performance stability, and good high-temperature endurance and long-time fatigue performance after working at 500 ℃ for a long time. How to realize the engineering application of the large-size bar is in research. According to the invention, based on the combined type task and the adoption of a 100MN oil press isothermal forging process, the process of forging roughing and blank making is optimized and adjusted, the reasonable matching of alloy structure and performance is realized, and the engineering application of the alloy is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the isothermal forging scheme for the TC8-1 titanium alloy disc forging by using the uniform and fine state structure ring blank is provided, and the disc forging forged by the method has ideal two-phase region structure and performance after heat treatment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
selecting a TC8-1 alloy bar ingot with the diameter of 200mm, carrying out water cooling after large deformation at a phase transformation point to realize homogenization of beta grains, carrying out forging-forging at a low temperature of 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point for multiple times to fully crush the beta grains to obtain a round cake with a two-phase region structure with small beta grains and high flaw detection level, and finally carrying out isothermal die forging at the phase transformation point to ensure deformation of different parts of a tray body, thus obtaining the tray body with comprehensive performance and flaw detection meeting requirements after heat treatment.
An isothermal forging method of a TC8-1 titanium alloy disk comprises the following steps: selecting a TC8-1 alloy bar ingot, carrying out water cooling after large deformation at a phase transformation point to realize homogenization of beta grains, carrying out forging-changing at a low temperature of 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point for multiple times to fully crush the beta grains to obtain a round cake with a two-phase region tissue with small beta grains and high flaw detection level, finally carrying out isothermal die forging at the phase transformation point to ensure the deformation of different parts of a disk body, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the TC8-1 titanium alloy disk which meets the requirements on comprehensive performance and flaw detection.
The specific process is as follows:
step 1: blanking a TC8-1 titanium alloy bar into a primary bar ingot, heating the primary bar ingot to be 10-30 ℃ above a phase transformation point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the primary bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the primary bar ingot to be 40-70% of the original length to obtain a primary round cake, drawing out the primary bar ingot along the axial direction to the length of the primary bar ingot to obtain a secondary bar ingot, and cooling by water after forging; heating the secondary bar ingot to 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the bar ingot to be 30-50% of the original length to obtain a secondary round cake, drawing the bar ingot along the axial direction to the length of the primary bar ingot to obtain a tertiary bar ingot, and cooling the bar ingot by air after forging; repeating the above steps for 6-8 times, keeping the temperature of the final bar ingot to be 30-60 ℃ below the phase transformation point according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the bar ingot to be 40-70% of the original length to obtain a round cake, and corroding and detecting flaws by a machine.
Step 2: and (2) heating the round cake manufactured in the step (1) to be 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, punching by using a quick forging machine to obtain a ring blank, and performing water cooling treatment after forging.
And step 3: heating the ring blank manufactured in the step 2 to 200-300 ℃, and spraying a lubricant on the surface of the ring blank; heating the ring blank to 30-50 ℃ below the phase transformation point, and preserving heat according to the wall thickness of the ring blank of 0.5-0.8 min/mm; heating the upper forging die and the lower forging die of the high-temperature alloy to 10-50 ℃ below a phase transformation point, spraying a lubricant on the surface of a cavity of the upper forging die and the lower forging die, loading the ring blank into the forging dies, completing die forging forming of a disc piece by the upper forging die and the lower forging die at the deformation speed of 0.5-0.02 mm/s on one fire of the forging dies, and performing air cooling after forging to prepare a TC8-1 titanium alloy disc piece;
and 4, step 4: after forging, performing heat treatment on the TC8-1 titanium alloy disk piece, wherein the heat treatment system is 965 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 2 hours, and performing water cooling; air cooling at 535 +/-10 deg.c for 2 hr; and (4) after heat treatment, adding a flat-bottom hole with the diameter of 0.8-12dB according to the standard requirement by a machine, and performing water immersion flaw detection to be qualified.
Preferably, a TC8-1 alloy bar ingot of 200mm diameter is selected.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, a 2500T quick forging machine is adopted to forge a blank at 50-70 ℃ below a phase transformation point, the deformation amount reaches 30-50%, the original crystal grains are well crushed, and a fine and uniform ring blank with a binary structure is obtained, so that a foundation is provided for subsequent die forging and forming.
Aiming at the structural characteristics of the blisk, the size of a ring blank is designed reasonably, isothermal die forging is realized at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ below a phase transformation point, and the strain of each part of the disk is ensured.
The forged piece forged by the method has ideal structure and performance after heat treatment, and realizes the control of the structure uniformity of different parts of the large blisk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure photograph of a forged piece formed by isothermal forging of TC8-1 titanium alloy after being dissected along a center line
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below:
step 1: blanking a TC8-1 titanium alloy bar into a primary bar ingot according to the specification, heating the bar ingot to be 10-30 ℃ above a phase transformation point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the bar ingot to be 40-70% of the original length to obtain a primary round cake, drawing the bar ingot along the axial direction to the length of the primary bar ingot to obtain a secondary bar ingot, and cooling by water after forging; heating the secondary bar ingot to 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the bar ingot to be 30-50% of the original length to obtain a secondary round cake, drawing the bar ingot along the axial direction to the length of the primary bar ingot to obtain a third bar ingot, and air-cooling the bar ingot after forging; repeating the above steps for 6-8 times, keeping the temperature of the final bar ingot to be 30-60 ℃ below the phase transformation point according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the bar ingot to be 40-70% of the original length to obtain a round cake, and corroding and detecting flaws by a machine.
The process realizes the homogenization of beta grains by water cooling after large deformation at a phase transformation point, and then fully crushes the beta grains by forging at a low temperature of 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point of multiple times, so as to obtain a round billet with a two-phase region tissue with small beta grains and high flaw detection level, thereby providing guarantee for the tissue and flaw detection after die forging.
Step 2: and (2) heating the round blank manufactured in the step (1) to be 30-60 ℃ below the phase transition point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, punching by using a rapid forging machine to obtain a ring blank, and performing water cooling treatment after forging.
And step 3: and (3) heating the ring blank manufactured in the step (2) to 200-300 ℃, and spraying a lubricant on the surface of the ring blank.
And 4, step 4: heating the ring blank to 30-50 ℃ below the phase transformation point, and preserving heat according to the wall thickness of the ring blank of 0.5-0.8 min/mm; heating the upper forging die and the lower forging die of the high-temperature alloy to 10-50 ℃ below the phase transformation point, spraying a lubricant on the surface of a cavity of the upper forging die and the lower forging die, loading the ring blank into the forging die, completing die forging forming of a disc by the upper forging die and the lower forging die at the deformation speed of 0.5-0.02 mm/s on one fire of the forging die, and cooling the disc by air after forging;
and 5: carrying out heat treatment on the forged piece after forging, wherein the heat treatment system is 965 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 2 hours, and carrying out water cooling; air cooling at 535 +/-10 deg.C for 2 hr.
Claims (2)
1. An isothermal forging method of a TC8-1 titanium alloy disk piece is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a TC8-1 alloy bar ingot, carrying out water cooling after large deformation at a phase transformation point to realize homogenization of beta grains, carrying out forging-changing at a low temperature of 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point with multiple fire times to fully crush the beta grains to obtain a round cake with a two-phase region tissue with small beta grains and high flaw detection level, finally carrying out isothermal die forging at the phase transformation point to ensure the deformation of different parts of a plate body, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain a TC8-1 titanium alloy plate with comprehensive performance and flaw detection meeting requirements;
the specific process comprises the following steps: step 1: 1) blanking a TC8-1 titanium alloy bar into a primary bar ingot, heating the primary bar ingot to be 10-30 ℃ above a phase transformation point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the primary bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the primary bar ingot to be 40-70% of the original length to obtain a primary round cake, drawing out the primary bar ingot along the axial direction to the length of the primary bar ingot to obtain a secondary bar ingot, and cooling by water after forging; heating the secondary bar ingot to 50-70 ℃ below the phase transformation point, preserving heat according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the bar ingot along the axial direction to enable the length of the bar ingot to be 30-50% of the original length to obtain a secondary round cake, drawing the bar ingot along the axial direction to the length of the primary bar ingot to obtain a tertiary bar ingot, and cooling the bar ingot by air after forging; 2) repeating the step 1) for 6-8 times; 3) keeping the temperature of the final rod ingot to be 30-60 ℃ below the phase transformation point, keeping the temperature according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, upsetting the rod ingot axially to enable the length of the rod ingot to be 40-70% of the original length to obtain a round cake, and corroding and detecting flaws by a machine;
step 2: heating the round cake manufactured in the step 1 to be 30-60 ℃ below a phase transition point, keeping the temperature according to the thickness of 0.8-1 min/mm, punching by using a quick forging machine to obtain a ring blank, and performing water cooling treatment after forging;
and step 3: heating the ring blank manufactured in the step 2 to 200-300 ℃, and spraying a lubricant on the surface of the ring blank; heating the ring blank to 30-50 ℃ below the phase transformation point, and preserving heat according to the wall thickness of the ring blank of 0.5-0.8 min/mm; heating the upper forging die and the lower forging die of the high-temperature alloy to 10-50 ℃ below a phase transformation point, spraying a lubricant on the surface of a cavity of the upper forging die and the lower forging die, loading the ring blank into the forging dies, completing die forging forming of a disc piece by the upper forging die and the lower forging die at the deformation speed of 0.5-0.02 mm/s on one fire of the forging dies, and performing air cooling after forging to prepare a TC8-1 titanium alloy disc piece;
and 4, step 4: after forging, performing heat treatment on the TC8-1 titanium alloy disk piece, wherein the heat treatment system is 965 +/-10 ℃ multiplied by 2 hours, and performing water cooling; air cooling at 535 +/-10 deg.c for 2 hr; and (4) after heat treatment, adding a flat-bottom hole with the diameter of 0.8-12dB according to the standard requirement by a machine, and performing water immersion flaw detection to be qualified.
2. Isothermal forging method according to claim 1, characterized in that a TC8-1 alloy bar ingot of 200mm diameter is selected.
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| CN201811516373.9A CN109622867B (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | Isothermal forging method of TC8-1 titanium alloy disc |
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| CN102764836A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-11-07 | 无锡市钻通工程机械有限公司 | Forging method for titanium alloy disk-shaped piece |
| CN102943228B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Machining method for improving obdurability of two-phase titanium alloy large-size bar |
| CN104694864A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Improved forging method for martensitic alpha-beta two-phase titanium alloy |
| CN106607540B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2018-08-24 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | The forging method of TC17 titanium alloy blade isothermals β forgings |
| CN106862452A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-20 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | A kind of isothermal β forging methods of TC17 titanium alloys blisk |
| CN108504897B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-02-19 | 西安航空学院 | A kind of forging method of near β type titanium alloys and the titanium alloy rod bar |
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Inventor after: Wang Bowei Inventor after: Yigao Inventor after: Fan Lina Inventor after: Tang Jun Inventor after: Zeng Weidong Inventor before: Wang Bowei Inventor before: Yigao Inventor before: Fan Lina Inventor before: Tang Jun Inventor before: Zeng Weidong |