CN109613411B - Preparation method of test sample for electrical insulation performance of external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of test sample for electrical insulation performance of external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN109613411B CN109613411B CN201811517172.0A CN201811517172A CN109613411B CN 109613411 B CN109613411 B CN 109613411B CN 201811517172 A CN201811517172 A CN 201811517172A CN 109613411 B CN109613411 B CN 109613411B
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an electrical insulation performance test sample of an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating, belonging to the technical field of preparation of the electrical insulation performance test sample of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pouring; (2) discharging bubbles by multi-stage negative pressure increase, namely putting the casting mould into a vacuum glove box, reducing the pressure intensity in the vacuum glove box until bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating, and standing until no continuous bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating; continuously increasing the negative pressure until bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating, and standing until no continuous bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating; standing until the surface of the coating is flat and has no bubbles until the solvent is completely volatilized; (3) drying: and (3) drying the sample to be dried obtained in the step (2) at 90-120 ℃ for more than 48h, and taking out. The invention can solve the problems that the coating obtained by a casting method is easy to have uneven thickness and a large amount of bubbles, and obtain the sample to be tested with uniform thickness and no bubbles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of an electrical insulation performance test sample of an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating, in particular to a preparation method of the electrical insulation performance test sample of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating.
Background
The external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating has the advantages of better hydrophobicity, hydrophobicity migration, electrical insulation, capability of being formed in situ in site construction and the like, can be widely applied to power transmission and transformation engineering in China, but is continuously researched, developed and upgraded along with the improvement of voltage grade, serious atmospheric environmental pollution in partial heavy industrial areas and the like.
The newly developed external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating needs to be tested for electrical insulation performance by an electrical insulation performance test, according to the standard DLT 627 & 2012 normal temperature curing silicon rubber anti-pollution flashover coating for insulators, GB/T1408.1-2016 insulating material electrical strength test method part 1 under power frequency, GB/T1410 & 2006 material volume resistivity and surface resistivity test method, GB/T1409 & 2006 recommended method for measuring the dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss factor of the electrical insulating material under power frequency, audio frequency and high frequency (including meter wave wavelength), GB/T6553 & 2014 harsh environment test method for evaluating the tracking resistance and corrosion resistance of the electrical insulating material, and the sample of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating which needs to be tested for electrical insulation performance needs to be coated flatly, Smooth, uniform in thickness, bubble-free, non-accumulation, non-defect, non-flowing and non-wire drawing.
In the prior art, a casting method is mostly adopted to prepare a sample. However, the problem of uneven coating thickness is easily caused due to uneven pouring in the pouring process, and the problem of a large amount of bubbles easily caused by insufficient overflow of bubbles during pouring is caused. Therefore, the prior art can not meet the requirements of uniform coating thickness and no bubbles of the sample in the electrical insulation performance test of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of an electrical insulation performance test sample of an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating, which can solve the problems that a coating obtained by a casting method is easy to have uneven thickness and a large number of bubbles, and obtain a sample with uniform thickness and no bubbles; and the influence of the humidity of the sample on the test result of the electrical insulation performance is reduced, the accuracy of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover paint to be detected in the electrical insulation performance test is improved, and accurate electrical insulation performance data is provided for the external insulation anti-pollution flashover paint to be detected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of an electrical insulation performance test sample of an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring: pouring the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected on the mold by using a multi-channel liquid transfer device, and then standing to obtain a pouring mold;
(2) multi-stage negative pressure increase bubble discharge:
a: putting the casting mold obtained in the step (1) into a vacuum glove box, reducing the pressure intensity in the vacuum glove box until bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating, keeping the negative pressure unchanged, and standing until no continuous bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating;
b: continuously increasing the negative pressure until bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating, keeping the negative pressure unchanged, and standing until no continuous bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating;
c: repeating the step B until the surface of the coating is flat and has no bubbles, keeping the negative pressure unchanged, and standing until the solvent is completely volatilized to obtain a sample to be dried;
(3) drying: and (3) putting the sample to be dried obtained in the step (2) into an oven, drying for more than 48h at 90-120 ℃, and taking out to obtain the sample to be tested.
Further, the standing time of the step (1) is 30-60 min.
Further, the standing time of the step (2) A is 60-120 min.
Further, in the step (2) B, the negative pressure is increased to 0.05-0.2MPa, and the standing time is 60-120 min.
Further, the standing time in the step (2) C is more than 720 min.
Further, the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) needs to be subjected to an electrical insulation performance test within 30min after being taken out of the oven.
Further, when the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) is exposed in the air for more than 24 hours after being taken out of the oven, the step (3) needs to be performed again before the electrical insulation performance test is performed.
Further, the electrical insulation performance test comprises an electrical breakdown strength test, a volume resistivity test, a surface resistivity test, a tracking resistance and electrical erosion test, a relative dielectric constant test, a dielectric loss tangent value test and a corona test.
Further, the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected comprises the following components in percentage by mass: nano SiO2And (3) particle: mixing solvent: FEVE resin: defoaming agent: the curing agent is 0.05-0.1:1:1:0.005:0.1, the mixed solvent is a mixture of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, and the mass ratio of the ethyl acetate to the butyl acetate in the mixed solvent is 3: 4.
Further, the preparation method of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing nano SiO2Adding the particles into the mixed solvent, stirring for 15-20min at the stirring speed of 6000-8000r/min, and stirring for 8-12min by using 45-55Hz ultrasonic waves to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) adding FEVE resin into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring for 60-90min to obtain a primary coating;
(3) and (3) adding a defoaming agent and a curing agent into the primary coating obtained in the step (2) to obtain the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the multi-channel liquid transfer device is used for pouring the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected into the mold, and the multi-channel liquid transfer device has multiple channels, so that the liquid transfer times are obviously reduced, the working efficiency is improved, the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected can be more uniformly poured into the mold, and the phenomena of uneven thickness and surface wire drawing caused by uneven pouring in the prior art are avoided;
the air bubbles are discharged by increasing the negative pressure in stages, so that the air bubbles on the surface of the sample can be effectively discharged, and the problems that the air bubbles cannot be discharged due to too low negative pressure added at one time and the surface of the sample is not smooth due to too high negative pressure added at one time and solvent volatilization caused by too fast evaporation are solved.
Therefore, the invention can solve the problems that the coating obtained by a casting method is easy to have uneven thickness and a large amount of bubbles, and obtain the to-be-dried sample with uniform thickness and no bubbles.
In addition, the sample to be dried after the bubbles are discharged through the multi-stage negative pressure rise is dried, so that the humidity of the sample to be dried can be reduced, the water film formed on the surface of the sample to be dried due to the excessive humidity can be eliminated, and the influence of the water film on the surface of the sample to be dried on the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss tangent of the sample when the sample to be dried is directly subjected to an electrical insulating performance test, such as a relative dielectric constant test and a dielectric loss tangent test, can be avoided. Therefore, the influence of the humidity on the test result of the electrical insulation performance can be greatly reduced through the drying step.
In conclusion, the accuracy of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover paint to be detected in an electrical insulation performance test is improved through the sample prepared through the steps of pouring, multi-stage negative pressure rising, bubble discharging and drying, and accurate electrical insulation performance data are provided for the external insulation anti-pollution flashover paint to be detected.
2. The standing time after pouring in the step (1) is preferably 30-60min, so that the problems that bubbles generated in the process of preparing the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected cannot be fully discharged due to too short standing time after pouring, the difficulty of discharging the bubbles in the subsequent step is increased, the working efficiency of the subsequent step is reduced, the bubbles remain on the surface of the coating, and the test precision is reduced can be solved; and the problem of reduced working efficiency caused by overlong standing time after pouring is also solved.
3. Allowing the standing time of the step (2) A and the step (2) B to be 60-120 min. The problem that air bubbles generated in the solvent volatilization process are not completely discharged due to the fact that standing time is less than 60min can be avoided, and test accuracy is reduced; when the standing time is longer than 120min, although the bubbles are fully discharged, the time for the test is prolonged, and the test efficiency is reduced; by increasing the negative pressure in the step (2) B to 0.05-0.2MPa, the increase of the times of the negative pressure increase due to too low negative pressure in each rising can be avoided, the test efficiency is reduced, the problem that air bubbles cannot be fully dispersed due to too high negative pressure in each rising is also avoided, and the test precision is reduced.
4. By keeping the negative pressure standing time in the step (2) C equal to or longer than 720min, the solvent can have an excellent volatilization effect, and the problem of poor solvent volatilization effect caused when the negative pressure is lower than 720min can be avoided.
5. The test method has the advantages that the test sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) is subjected to an electrical insulation performance test within 30min after the oven is taken out, so that the test sample to be tested can be prevented from being exposed in the air for too long time after the oven is taken out and before the insulation performance is carried out, the amount of water vapor absorbed by the test sample to be tested and coming from the ambient air is reduced to the maximum extent, the influence of humidity on the electrical insulation performance test is further reduced, and the test precision is improved.
6. By re-performing the operation of step (3) on the sample to be tested which is exposed to the air for more than 24 hours, the water film of the sample to be tested, which is generated due to the long time of the sample to be tested in the air, can be eliminated. This is because, in the electrical insulation performance test, if the sample to be tested is left in the air for a long time, the moisture in the air changes the humidity of the sample to be tested, so that a water film is formed on the surface of the sample to be tested, and the electrical insulation performance test result is affected, therefore, the sample to be tested exposed in the air for more than 24 hours needs to be dried again.
7. When the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected is used for carrying out an electrical breakdown strength test, a volume resistivity test, a surface resistivity test, a tracking resistance and electrical erosion test, a relative dielectric constant test, a dielectric loss tangent value test or a corona test, the preparation of the sample to be tested can be carried out according to the sample preparation steps of the invention, and the sample preparation method has wide application tests and strong practicability.
8. Because the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected contains nano SiO2Particles and FEVE resin, and the FEVE resin has excellent normal temperature curing performance, nano SiO2The particles have ultraviolet resistance, so the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating provided by the invention has excellent self-cleaning, anti-aging, anti-pollution and chemical resistance.
9. According to the preparation method of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected, provided by the invention, through twice stirring in the step (1), the nano SiO content can be improved2The uniformity of the particles in the mixed solvent can be improved by stirring in the step (2); by adding the defoaming agent in the step (3), bubbles generated in the preparation process of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating can be reduced. The preparation method of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected, provided by the invention, is simple in operation process, and reduces errors generated in the preparation process.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be better understood, the invention will now be further illustrated by reference to the following examples.
Example 1:
the sample plate in the electrical breakdown strength test is round with the diameter of 100mm, the coating thickness is required to be 3mm, so the volume of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected is 23.56cm3. The steps of preparing the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected by taking 100g of FEVE resin as a reference are as follows:
preparing an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected:
(1) mixing 5g of nano SiO2The pellets were added to a mixed solvent of 57g of ethyl acetate and 43g of butyl acetateStirring for 15min at the stirring speed of 7000r/min, and then stirring for 10min by using 50Hz ultrasonic waves to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) adding 100g of FEVE resin into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring for 60min to obtain a primary coating;
(3) and (3) adding 0.5g of defoaming agent and 10g of curing agent into the primary coating obtained in the step (2) to obtain the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected.
The preparation method of the electrical breakdown strength test sample comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring: the resin density of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected is 1.4g/cm3The density of the solvent is 0.9g/cm3Consider the case of no residue after solvent evaporation. Taking 58.7g of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected, pouring 58.7g of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected on a circular mold with the diameter of 100mm by using a multichannel pipettor, and standing for 60min to obtain a pouring mold; the end surface of the pipetting gun head of the multi-channel pipettor is also in a circular shape with the diameter of 100 mm.
The sample in the electric breakdown strength test is required to be circular, and the adopted die is also circular, so that the electric breakdown strength test result is more accurate, and the test error is reduced. The shape of the multichannel pipettor is the same as that of the mold, so that the multichannel pipettor can pour the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected into the mold uniformly, the sample is more uniform, and the uneven thickness and the surface wire drawing caused by non-uniform pouring are further avoided.
(2) Multi-stage negative pressure increase bubble discharge:
a: placing the casting mold obtained in the step (1) into a vacuum glove box, reducing the pressure in the vacuum glove box to-0.3 MPa, discharging bubbles on the surface of the coating at the moment, standing for 90min, and discharging no continuous bubbles on the surface of the coating at the moment;
B1: continuously increasing the negative pressure to-0.4 MPa, discharging bubbles on the surface of the coating, standing for 90min, and discharging no continuous bubbles on the surface of the coating;
B2: continuously increasing the negative pressure to-0.5 MPa, discharging bubbles on the surface of the coating, standing for 90min, and collecting the coatingContinuous bubbles are not discharged, and the surface of the coating is smooth and has no bubbles;
c: keeping negative pressure of-0.5 MPa unchanged, standing for 720min, completely volatilizing the solvent, and taking out to obtain a to-be-tested sample with uniform thickness, no wire drawing and no air bubbles;
(3) drying: and (3) putting the sample to be dried obtained in the step (2) into an oven, drying for 48h at 100 ℃, and taking out to obtain the sample to be tested.
And (4) taking the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) out of the oven and then carrying out an electrical breakdown strength test for 5 min.
Example 2:
in the volume resistivity test, the sample plate is a 100mm multiplied by 120mm red copper sheet, the coating thickness requirement is 50 +/-5 mu m, so the volume of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected is 0.6cm3. The configuration is 0.6cm3The steps of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected are as follows:
preparing an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected:
(1) mixing 10g of nano SiO2Adding the particles into a mixed solvent of 57g of ethyl acetate and 43g of butyl acetate, stirring for 18min at the stirring speed of 6000r/min, and stirring for 12min by using 45Hz ultrasonic waves to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) adding 100g of FEVE resin into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring for 70min to obtain a primary coating;
(3) and (3) adding 0.5g of defoaming agent and 10g of curing agent into the primary coating obtained in the step (2) to obtain the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected.
The preparation method of the volume resistivity test sample comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring: the resin density of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected is 1.4g/cm3The density of the solvent is 0.9g/cm3Consider the case of no residue after solvent evaporation. Taking 1.27g of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected, pouring 1.27g of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected on a rectangular mould with the size of 100mm multiplied by 120mm by using a multichannel pipettor, and standing for 60min to obtain a pouring mould; the end surface of the pipetting gun head of the multi-channel pipettor is also in a rectangular shape of 100mm x 120 mm.
The test sample in the volume resistivity test requires a rectangle of 100mm multiplied by 120mm, and the adopted die is also a rectangle of 100mm multiplied by 120mm, so that the electrical breakdown strength test result is more accurate, and the test error is reduced. The shape of the multichannel pipettor is the same as that of the mold, so that the multichannel pipettor can pour the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected into the mold uniformly, the sample is more uniform, and the uneven thickness and the surface wire drawing caused by non-uniform pouring are further avoided.
(2) Multi-stage negative pressure increase bubble discharge:
a: placing the casting mold obtained in the step (1) into a vacuum glove box, reducing the pressure in the vacuum glove box to-0.4 MPa, discharging bubbles on the surface of the coating at the moment, standing for 90min, and discharging no continuous bubbles on the surface of the coating at the moment;
b: continuously increasing the negative pressure to-0.6 MPa, discharging bubbles on the surface of the coating, standing for 90min, discharging no continuous bubbles on the surface of the coating, and leveling the surface of the coating without bubbles;
c: keeping the negative pressure of-0.6 MPa unchanged, standing for 720min, completely volatilizing the solvent, and taking out to obtain a to-be-dried sample with uniform thickness, no wire drawing and no bubbles;
(3) drying: and (3) putting the sample to be dried obtained in the step (2) into an oven, drying for 50h at 110 ℃, and taking out to obtain the sample to be tested.
And (4) taking the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) out of the oven and then carrying out volume resistivity test for 20 min.
Example 3:
the present example is the same as example 1, except that the casting in step (1) is followed by standing for 30 min; step (2) A is kept stand for 60min, step (2) B1Standing for 60min, step (2) B2Standing for 60 min; step (2) C, standing for 750min to obtain a to-be-tested sample with uniform thickness, no wire drawing and no bubbles; putting the sample to be dried into a drying oven, drying for 48 hours at 90 ℃, and taking out; and (4) taking the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) out of the oven for 1min to perform an electrical breakdown strength test.
Example 4:
the present example is the same as example 1, except that the casting in step (1) is followed by standing for 45 min; step (2) A is kept stand for 120min, step (2) B1Standing for 120min, step (2) B2Standing for 120min, and standing for 800min in the step (2) C to obtain a test sample to be tested with uniform thickness, no wire drawing and no bubbles; and (3) putting the sample to be dried into an oven, drying the sample at 120 ℃ for 48h, and taking out the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3), wherein the sample to be tested needs to be subjected to an electrical breakdown strength test 10min after the sample is taken out of the oven.
Example 5:
the present example is the same as example 1, except that the casting in step (1) is followed by standing for 20 min; step (2) A is kept stand for 50min, step (2) B1Standing for 50min, step (2) B2Standing for 50min, and standing for 700min in the step (2) C to obtain a sample to be tested, which is uniform in thickness, has no wire drawing and has bubbles; and (4) taking the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) out of the oven for 30min to perform an electrical breakdown strength test.
Example 6:
the present example is the same as example 1, except that the casting in step (1) is followed by standing for 70 min; step (2) A is kept stand for 130min, step (2) B1Standing for 130min, step (2) B2Standing for 130min to obtain a test sample to be tested with uniform thickness, no wire drawing and no air bubbles; and (4) taking the sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) out of the oven, and then carrying out an electrical breakdown strength test for 35 min.
Example 7:
according to example 1 and examples 3 to 6, the influence of the standing time after casting in step (1) on the effect of discharging bubbles generated during the preparation of the exterior insulating antifouling flash coating to be tested was analyzed, as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of standing time after pouring in step (1) on bubble discharge effect
As can be seen from the above table, the standing time after pouring is too short, and bubbles generated in the process of preparing the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected cannot be sufficiently discharged, so that the difficulty of discharging bubbles in the subsequent steps is increased, the working efficiency of the subsequent steps is reduced, bubbles are left on the surface of the coating, and the test precision is reduced; the standing time after pouring is too long, so that the test time is prolonged, and the working efficiency is reduced, so that the standing time after pouring in the step (1) is preferably 30-60 min.
The influence of the standing time of steps (2) A to B on the effect of discharging bubbles generated during volatilization of the solvent was analyzed according to example 1 and examples 3 to 6, as shown in Table 3.
TABLE 2 comparison of standing time versus bubble discharge Effect of steps (2) A-B
As can be seen from the above table, when the standing time is less than 60min, the bubbles generated in the solvent volatilization process are not completely discharged, and the test accuracy is reduced; when the standing time is more than 120min, although bubbles are sufficiently discharged, the test time is prolonged to lower the test efficiency, so that it is preferable that the standing time of steps (2) A-B is 60-120 min.
The effect of the standing time of step (2) C on the solvent evaporation effect was analyzed according to example 1, example 3, example 4 and example 5, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of solvent volatilization effects at different standing times in step (2) C
As can be seen from the above table, the time for keeping the negative pressure standing in step (2) C needs to be longer than 720min, and when the time is shorter than 720min, the solvent volatilization effect is poor, and when the time is longer than 720min, the solvent volatilization effect is excellent.
The test specimens obtained in step (3) were analyzed for the effect of the time interval before the electric breakdown strength test after the oven was taken out on the accuracy of the electric breakdown strength test according to example 1 and examples 3 to 6, as shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of time intervals on Electrical breakdown Strength testing
As can be seen from the above table, after the sample to be tested obtained in step (3) is taken out of the oven, the shorter the interval time before the electrical breakdown strength test is performed, the higher the accuracy of the electrical breakdown strength test is, and the longer the interval time is, the more water vapor is absorbed by the sample to be tested, a water film is formed on the surface of the coating, and the accuracy of the electrical breakdown strength test is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an electric insulation performance test sample of an external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pouring: pouring the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected on the mold by using a multi-channel liquid transfer device, and then standing to obtain a pouring mold;
(2) multi-stage negative pressure increase bubble discharge:
a: putting the casting mold obtained in the step (1) into a vacuum glove box, reducing the pressure intensity in the vacuum glove box until bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating, keeping the negative pressure unchanged, and standing until no continuous bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating;
b: continuously increasing the negative pressure until bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating, keeping the negative pressure unchanged, and standing until no continuous bubbles are discharged from the surface of the coating;
c: repeating the step B until the surface of the coating is flat and has no bubbles, keeping the negative pressure unchanged, and standing until the solvent is completely volatilized to obtain a sample to be dried;
(3) drying: and (3) putting the sample to be dried obtained in the step (2) into an oven, drying for more than 48h at 90-120 ℃, and taking out to obtain the sample to be tested.
2. The method for preparing the test sample for the electrical insulating property of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to the claim 1, wherein the standing time of the step (1) is 30-60 min.
3. The method for preparing the test sample for electrical insulation performance test of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 1, wherein the standing time of the step (2) A is 60-120 min.
4. The method for preparing the test sample for electrical insulation performance test of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure is increased to 0.05-0.2MPa in the step (2) B, and the standing time is 60-120 min.
5. The method for preparing the test specimen for electrical insulation performance of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 1, wherein the standing time in the step (2) C is more than 720 min.
6. The method for preparing the test sample for electrical insulation performance of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 1, wherein the test sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) is taken out of the oven and then is subjected to electrical insulation performance test within 30 min.
7. The method for preparing the test sample for electrical insulation performance test of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 6, wherein when the test sample to be tested obtained in the step (3) is exposed in the air for more than 24 hours after being taken out of the oven, the step (3) is carried out again before the electrical insulation performance test is carried out.
8. The method for preparing the test sample for electrical insulation performance of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 1, wherein the electrical insulation performance test comprises an electrical breakdown strength test, a volume resistivity test, a surface resistivity test, a tracking resistance and electrical erosion test, a relative dielectric constant test, a dielectric loss tangent test and a corona test.
9. The external insulation anti-fouling flashover coating of claim 1The preparation method of the test sample for the electrical insulating property of the material is characterized in that the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected comprises the following components in percentage by mass: nano SiO2And (3) particle: mixing solvent: FEVE resin: defoaming agent: the curing agent is 0.05-0.1:1:1:0.005:0.1, the mixed solvent is a mixture of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, and the mass ratio of the ethyl acetate to the butyl acetate in the mixed solvent is 3: 4.
10. The method for preparing the test sample for the electrical insulating property of the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating according to claim 9, wherein the method for preparing the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing nano SiO2Adding the particles into the mixed solvent, stirring for 15-20min at the stirring speed of 6000-8000r/min, and stirring for 8-12min by using 45-55Hz ultrasonic waves to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) adding FEVE resin into the mixed solution obtained in the step (1), and stirring for 60-90min to obtain a primary coating;
(3) and (3) adding a defoaming agent and a curing agent into the primary coating obtained in the step (2) to obtain the external insulation anti-pollution flashover coating to be detected.
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