CN109608292A - A kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109608292A CN109608292A CN201811612574.9A CN201811612574A CN109608292A CN 109608292 A CN109608292 A CN 109608292A CN 201811612574 A CN201811612574 A CN 201811612574A CN 109608292 A CN109608292 A CN 109608292A
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- inhibitor
- soil
- semiochemicals
- lasr
- abar
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition and application thereof, nitrogen fertilizer composition of the invention, including nitrogenous fertilizer and semiochemicals inhibitor, the semiochemicals inhibitor are LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor.Purposes and the nitrogen fertilizer composition N in reducing soil that the present invention also provides the nitrogen fertilizer compositions in improving soil in utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer2Purposes in O release.The composition of LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor and nitrogenous fertilizer is applied to soil by the present invention, can be improved utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in soil, reduces N in soil2O release.And LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor are the analogue of the semiochemicals of microbial source, can enter in edaphon body after being added into soil, participate in its metabolism, thus the problem long there is no the residence time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of biotechnology, a kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition and application thereof is particularly related to.
Background technique
In the world, about 50% nitrogenous fertilizer for being applied to implant system can not be absorbed by plants, but be converted into ammonia
(NH3) volatilization, nitrate (NO3 -) by leach and runoff enter water body, denitrification generate nitrous oxide (N2) etc. O gases and
It penetrates into environment, so that agriculture production cost improves, also becomes a reason of pollution and climate change.Microorganism takes part in
Each process of transformation of soil nitrogen, therefore become a focal point of regulation nitrogen cycle.
The method for commonly improving utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the world is mostly to add synthesis nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor etc..
Urease inhibitor will limit the decomposition of urea in the soil, reduce NH to reach3The effect of discharge amount.Nitrification inhibitor is single-minded
Property inhibit ammonia oxidizing bacteria and ammoxidation archaeal that ammonium nitrogen is oxidized to nitrite nitrogen, so that realizing reduces NO3 -The work of loss
With.
Urease inhibitor only decomposes urea and generates decelerating effect, does not generate limit for other steps of soil nitrogen cycle
System, thus sphere of action is more narrow.There is also certain disadvantage, such as certain nitrification inhibitors to be more toxic for nitrification inhibitor;
With persistence characteristic, new pollution is caused to soil;It may cause NH3Discharge and indirect N2The increase of O discharge;Nitrification inhibits
Agent only inhibits the part of ammoxidation, does not have function and effect to the process of other nitrogen cycles, sphere of action is also more limited to.
Semiochemicals inhibitor refers to that natural or artificial synthesized capable of generating to quorum sensing is interfered, and influences its signal transduction
A substance.Quorum sensing (quorum sensing) phenomenon refers to that microbes spontaneously produce a kind of chemical substance and believe
Number substance, can excite and regulate and control the expression of related gene when concentration accumulates the threshold value for reaching certain in the environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the nitrogen fertilizer composition can it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition and application thereof
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in soil is improved, N in soil is reduced2O release.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, a kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition provided by the invention, including nitrogenous fertilizer and semiochemicals inhibitor, it is described
Semiochemicals inhibitor is LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor.
In some embodiments of the invention, the nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium sulfate, chlorination
One of ammonium, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate or ammonium nitrate.
The present invention also provides purposes of the nitrogen fertilizer composition in improving soil in utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
The present invention also provides the nitrogen fertilizer composition reduce soil in N2Purposes in O release.
In some embodiments of the invention, the semiochemicals inhibitor inhibits the decomposition of nitrogenous fertilizer in soil and inhibits soil
Nitrification in earth.
In some embodiments of the invention, the semiochemicals inhibitor inhibits nitrogenous fertilizer in soil to be decomposed into NH4 +, and press down
NH in soil processed4 +It is converted into NO3 -The nitrification of-N.
In some embodiments of the invention, the semiochemicals inhibitor inhibits the denitrification in soil.
In some embodiments of the invention, the semiochemicals inhibitor inhibits NO in soil3 -- N is converted into N2O's is anti-
Nitrification.
In some embodiments of the invention, the nitrogen fertilizer composition is applied to soil, the additive amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer is
50-200 μ g N/g soil, the additive amount of the semiochemicals inhibitor are 10-3000 μm of ol/g soil.
In some embodiments of the invention, the nitrogenous fertilizer is dissolved with water, and by the semiochemicals inhibitor alcohol
Dissolution, is applied to soil after then mixing nitrogenous fertilizer solution with semiochemicals inhibitor solution.
In the present embodiment, dehydrated alcohol dissolution semiochemicals inhibitor can be used.
From the above it can be seen that compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor in the present invention are able to suppress nitrogenous fertilizer in soil and are decomposed into NH4 +, and inhibit soil
NH in earth4 +It is converted into NO3 -NO in the nitrification and inhibition soil of-N3 -- N is converted into N2The denitrification of O acts on model
It encloses extensively;The composition of LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor and nitrogenous fertilizer is applied to soil, can be improved nitrogenous fertilizer benefit in soil
With rate, N in soil is reduced2O release.And LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor are the structure class of the semiochemicals of microbial source
Like object, it can enter in edaphon body after being added into soil, participate in its metabolism, thus long be asked there is no the residence time
Topic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the addition of LasR inhibitor is decomposed into NH to urea4 +Inhibitory effect figure;
Fig. 2 is that the addition of AbaR inhibitor is decomposed into NH to urea4 +Inhibitory effect figure;
Fig. 3 is inhibitory effect figure of the addition to nitration reaction of LasR inhibitor;
Fig. 4 is inhibitory effect figure of the addition to nitration reaction of AbaR inhibitor;
Fig. 5 is that the addition of LasR inhibitor discharges N to anti-nitration reaction2The inhibitory effect figure of O;
Fig. 6 is that the addition of AbaR inhibitor discharges N to anti-nitration reaction2The inhibitory effect figure of O.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
A kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition provided in this embodiment, including nitrogenous fertilizer and semiochemicals inhibitor, the semiochemicals suppression
Preparation be LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor, the nitrogenous fertilizer be selected from urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride,
One of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate or ammonium nitrate, preferably urea or potassium nitrate, wherein the molecular formula of LasR inhibitor be
C12H12INO3, molecular weight 345.13, CAS 942296-25-5, Chinese are as follows: the iodo- N- of 4- [(3S)-tetrahydro -2- oxygen -3-
Furyl]-phenyl acetamide, structural formula are as follows:
LasR inhibitor is bought in Sigma-Aldrich, product number 804339.The molecular formula of AbaR inhibitor is
C18H27NO2, molecular weight 289.41, CAS 1186509-19-2, Chinese: 3- oxygen-C12- aniline, structural formula are as follows:
AbaR inhibitor is bought in Sigma-Aldrich, product number 804223.
1 external source of embodiment adds the side that LasR inhibitor and AbaR inhibitor reduce urea resolution ratio, inhibit nitration reaction
Method
1, experimental program
(1) it pre-processes
The soil for crossing 2mm sieve after 5g is air-dried is weighed in 50mL serum bottle, 0.767g ultrapure water is added, reaches 40%
WHC (field capacity), is stoppered bottle closure of rubber later, cultivates 7 days in 25 DEG C of incubators, removes most nitrogenous in soil
Component.
(2) solution is prepared
Nitrogenous fertilizer in the present embodiment selects urea, is dissolved using ultrapure water, aimed concn is 100 μ g N/g soil.
The original state of LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor be it is powdered, using 1mL dehydrated alcohol by the LasR inhibitor of 25mg or
The dissolution of AbaR inhibitor, obtains the LasR inhibitor mother liquor or AbaR inhibitor mother liquor of high concentration.It is diluted using nitrogenous fertilizer solution
LasR inhibitor mother liquor or AbaR inhibitor mother liquor, LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor are 100 μ in soil aimed concn
Mol/g soil.Follow-up cultivation need to add the solution that 0.45mL is prepared into soil, mix with moisture original in soil, make nitrogenous fertilizer
Aimed concn is diluted to the concentration of additive.
(3) culture experiment
Configured solution 0.45mL in step (2) is dropped evenly using liquid-transfering gun, soil moisture content is made to reach 60%WHC
It is stoppered rubber stopper later, is put into 25 DEG C of incubators and cultivates 36 days, take out serum bottle within every 2 days, unplugs rubber stopper, carries out 30 points
The gas exchanges of clock.In 0h, 2h, 4h, 8h, 16h, for 24 hours, 3d, 6d, 12d, 20d, 28d, 36d are taken out, and it is to be measured to weigh 2g soil.
Each time point is respectively set three in parallel.
(4) detection test
The Klorvess Liquid for adding 10mL 2mol/L in weighed soil in step (3), in 180 revs/min of shaking table
Oscillation 2 hours stands 30 minutes later and is layered, and extracts supernatant liquor and crosses 0.45 μm of filter membrane.Solution after filter membrane uses continuous
Flow Analyzer detects NH therein4 +- N and NO3 -The content of-N, to characterize urea resolution ratio, nitration reaction rate.
(5) data are analyzed
The additive solution content of processing group are as follows: 1. urea+LasR inhibitor, 2. urea+AbaR inhibitor, control group
Additive is urea liquid.Compare NH in different times processing group and control group soil extraction4 +The content of-N and mapping, can be with
Obtain different disposal to the function and effect of urea release rate.Compare NO in different times processing group and control group soil extraction3 --
The content of N and mapping, it can be deduced that different disposal is to the function and effect of nitration reaction, as a result as Figure 1-Figure 4.
As shown in Figure 1, LasR inhibitor, which can significantly inhibit urea, is decomposed into NH4 +, after 3d, NH in processing group4 +-N
Content is consistently lower than control group, in 36d, NH in control group4 +N content is 82mg/kg soil, NH in processing group4 +N content
For 65mg/kg soil, LasR inhibitor inhibits urea to be decomposed into NH4 +Inhibiting rate be 21%.
As shown in Fig. 2, AbaR inhibitor, which can significantly inhibit urea, is decomposed into NH4 +, after 3d, NH in processing group4 +-N
Content is consistently lower than control group, in 36d, NH in control group4 +N content is 82mg/kg soil, NH in processing group4 +N content
For 52mg/kg soil, LasR inhibitor inhibits urea to be decomposed into NH4 +Inhibiting rate be 37%.
As shown in figure 3, LasR inhibitor can significantly inhibit nitration reaction NH4 +It is converted into NO3 -- N, in 0h-36d, with
The increase of time, NO in processing group and control group3 -N content is continuously increased, but NO in processing group3 -N content be consistently lower than pair
According to group, in 36d, NO in control group3 -N content is 25mg/kg soil, NO in processing group3 -N content is 16mg/kg soil,
It is 36% that LasR inhibitor, which inhibits the inhibiting rate of nitration reaction,.
As shown in figure 4, AbaR inhibitor can significantly inhibit nitration reaction NH4 +It is converted into NO3 -- N, in 0h-36d, with
The increase of time, NO in processing group and control group3 -N content is continuously increased, but NO in processing group3 -N content be consistently lower than pair
According to group, in 36d, NO in control group3 -N content is 25mg/kg soil, NO in processing group3 -N content is 6mg/kg soil,
It is 76% that AbaR inhibitor, which inhibits the inhibiting rate of nitration reaction,.
It follows that LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor of the invention is effectively limited after urea is manured into soil and is decomposed into
NH4 +Process, reduce this process bring NH3Release, to effectively reduce the loss in the soil of urea, Jin Erti
Utilization rate of the high crop for nitrogenous fertilizer.
LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor of the invention effectively reduces NH in soil4 +It is converted into NO3 -The nitrification of-N is anti-
The process answered, thus soil NO can be reduced3 -- N soluble in water and caused by lose, and then improve crop for the benefit of nitrogenous fertilizer
With rate.
The method of 2 external source of embodiment addition LasR inhibitor and AbaR inhibitor deceleration denitrification process
1, experimental program
(1) it pre-processes
The soil for crossing 2mm sieve after 5g is air-dried is weighed in 50mL serum bottle, 0.767g ultrapure water is added, reaches 40%
WHC (field capacity), is stoppered bottle closure of rubber later, cultivates 7 days in 25 DEG C of incubators, removes most nitrogenous in soil
Component.
(2) solution is prepared
Nitrogenous fertilizer selects KNO3, dissolved using ultrapure water, aimed concn is 100 μ g N/g soil.LasR inhibitor or
AbaR inhibitor original state be it is powdered, the LasR inhibitor of 25mg or AbaR inhibitor are dissolved using 1mL dehydrated alcohol,
Obtain the LasR inhibitor mother liquor or AbaR inhibitor mother liquor of high concentration.Using nitrogenous fertilizer solution dilute LasR inhibitor mother liquor or
AbaR inhibitor mother liquor, LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor are 100 μm of ol/g soil in soil aimed concn.Follow-up cultivation
The solution that 4.233mL is prepared need to be added into soil, mixed with moisture original in soil, kept the concentration of nitrogenous fertilizer and additive dilute
Release aimed concn.
(3) culture experiment
The solution 4.233mL configured in step (2) is dropped evenly using liquid-transfering gun, makes water and soil mass ratio 1 in culture bottle:
It is stoppered rubber stopper after 1, is put into 25 DEG C of incubators Anaerobic culturel 24 days.It takes out, is weighed in 5mL bottles in 1d, 6d, 14d, 24d
Gas is to be measured.Each time point is respectively set three in parallel.
(4) detection test
Use N in the gas extracted in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detecting step (3)2The percentage composition of O, according to PV
=nRT formula is to N in 50mL serum bottle2The amount of the substance of O converts, and to characterize N2The cumulant of O.
(5) data are analyzed
The additive solution content of processing group are as follows: 1. KNO3+ LasR inhibitor, 2. KNO3+ AbaR inhibitor, control group
Additive is KNO3Solution.Compare N in the bottle of different times processing group and control group2O content changes and maps, it can be deduced that no
N is discharged to anti-nitration reaction with processing2The function and effect of O, as a result as shown in Fig. 5-Fig. 6.
As shown in figure 5, LasR inhibitor can significantly inhibit NO in soil3 -- N is converted into N2The denitrification of O,
In 1d-24d, as time increases, N in control group gas2O is continuously increased, N in processing group gas2O is constantly reduced, in 6d
When, KNO3N in+LasR inhibitor processing group gas2O content is almost 0, this illustrates that LasR inhibitor inhibits NO in soil3 --N
It is converted into N2The inhibiting rate of O is up to 99% or more
As shown in fig. 6, AbaR inhibitor can significantly inhibit NO in soil3 -- N is converted into N2The denitrification of O,
In 1d-24d, as time increases, N in control group gas2O is continuously increased, N in processing group gas2O is constantly reduced, in 6d
When, KNO3N in+LasR inhibitor processing group gas2O content is almost 0, this illustrates that AbaR inhibitor inhibits NO in soil3 --N
It is converted into N2The inhibiting rate of O is up to 99% or more.
It follows that LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor of the invention obviously inhibits N in Anaerobic culturel2The release of O,
On the one hand the loss for reducing soil nitrogenous fertilizer, on the other hand reduces the release of greenhouse gases, reduces agricultural procedure for N2O
The contribution rate of release, extensive use will mitigate environmental pressure.
In conclusion LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor of the invention decompose the urea in nitrogen cycle, nitrification
And N2O has apparent inhibiting effect, and sphere of action is extensive;By the combination of LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor and nitrogenous fertilizer
Object is applied to soil, can be improved utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in soil, reduces N in soil2O release.And LasR inhibitor or AbaR
Inhibitor is the analogue of the semiochemicals of microbial source, can be entered in edaphon body after being added into soil, ginseng
It is metabolized with it, thus the problem long there is no the residence time.
It should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: the discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples;Under thinking of the invention, above embodiments
Or can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, step can be realized with random order, and be existed such as
Many other variations of the upper different aspect of the invention, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.
The embodiment of the present invention be intended to cover fall into all such replacements within the broad range of appended claims,
Modifications and variations.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, the improvement made
Deng should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of nitrogen fertilizer composition, which is characterized in that including nitrogenous fertilizer and semiochemicals inhibitor, the semiochemicals inhibitor is
LasR inhibitor or AbaR inhibitor.
2. nitrogen fertilizer composition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is selected from urea, potassium nitrate, bicarbonate
One of ammonium, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate or ammonium nitrate.
3. purposes of the nitrogen fertilizer composition described in claim 1 in improving soil in utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
4. nitrogen fertilizer composition described in claim 1 N in reducing soil2Purposes in O release.
5. purposes according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the semiochemicals inhibitor inhibits point of nitrogenous fertilizer in soil
Nitrification in solution and inhibition soil.
6. purposes according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the semiochemicals inhibitor inhibits the denitrification in soil
Effect.
7. purposes according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the additive amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer is 50-200 μ g N/g soil
Earth, the additive amount of the semiochemicals inhibitor are 10-3000 μm of ol/g soil.
8. purposes according to claim 7, which is characterized in that dissolve the nitrogenous fertilizer with water, and by the semiochemicals
Inhibitor is dissolved with alcohol, is applied to soil after then mixing nitrogenous fertilizer solution with semiochemicals inhibitor solution.
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