CN109605741B - Selective laser sintering device and method for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using gasification die - Google Patents
Selective laser sintering device and method for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using gasification die Download PDFInfo
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- CN109605741B CN109605741B CN201811389971.4A CN201811389971A CN109605741B CN 109605741 B CN109605741 B CN 109605741B CN 201811389971 A CN201811389971 A CN 201811389971A CN 109605741 B CN109605741 B CN 109605741B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The invention discloses a selective laser sintering device for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using a gasification die, which specifically comprises a base, a workbench, a conveying mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a laser scanning system, a purifier, a housing and a carbon fiber gasification die; the carbon fiber gasification die comprises a certain number of carbon fiber filaments with parallel directions, and the carbon fiber filaments are gasified during laser sintering. The implementation method comprises the following steps: after a layer of powder is paved, a vacuum chuck is driven by a conveying mechanism to place a carbon fiber gasification die on a powder layer, the gasification die is gasified by laser sintering, harmful gas is absorbed by a purifier, the placement direction of the carbon fiber gasification die is changed by adopting a hollow rotary platform, then laser sintering is carried out, and the steps are repeated until the sample sintering is completed. The method provides a solution for directional arrangement of the carbon fiber material in the powder spreading process, and effectively improves the problem of anisotropic mechanical property of the carbon fiber sintered part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of selective laser sintering, in particular to a selective laser sintering device and a selective laser sintering method for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using a gasification die.
Background
The selective laser sintering is one of additive manufacturing technologies, and the working principle of the selective laser sintering is as follows: firstly, a layer of powder material is paved on a workbench, laser is controlled by a computer, solid powder is sintered according to interface profile information, and then the sintering is circulated continuously and is formed by stacking layer by layer. The forming method has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, high flexibility, wide material selection range, low material price, high utilization rate and high forming speed, thereby having wider application.
At present, the main materials comprise plastic powder, nylon powder, metal powder, ceramic powder, composite powder and the like. The nylon powder is used as a semi-crystalline polymer, has good comprehensive mechanical properties, is very favorable for laser sintering due to good thermal stability and low melting point and viscosity, and is the most widely and mature selective laser sintering raw material in recent years. With the increasing requirements of materials, nylon composite powder becomes a popular sintering material in various fields, and nylon powder is mainly used as base powder, and a certain amount of carbon fiber is added, so that the strength, corrosion resistance, heat resistance and the like of a sintered part are improved. However, the prior art and the method cannot effectively control the orientation arrangement of the carbon fiber material in the powder, and in the existing technical scheme for controlling the direction of the carbon fiber, for example, "a guiding device and an implementation method for fiber orientation in selective laser sintering of fiber composite powder" (CN105904732A) can control the arrangement of the carbon fiber in different directions in a sample sintering layer, but in the actual operation, the fiber and the powder are spread together, which easily causes poor powder spreading performance, thereby affecting the density and surface quality of the powder spreading layer. Therefore, how to effectively control the orientation arrangement of the carbon fiber material in the powder without influencing the spreadability of the powder, and effectively improving the anisotropy of the mechanical property of the carbon fiber sintered part is the problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a selective laser sintering apparatus and method for performing carbon fiber orientation arrangement using a gasification die.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a selective laser sintering device for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using a gasification die; the device comprises a base, a workbench, a conveying mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a laser scanning system, a purifier, a housing and a carbon fiber gasification die; the workbench comprises a powder feeding cylinder and a forming cylinder and is fixedly arranged on the base; the conveying mechanism consists of a bracket I, a bracket II, a bracket III, a bracket IV, a front electric screw rod sliding table, a rear electric screw rod sliding table, an upper electric screw rod sliding table, a lower electric screw rod sliding table, a left electric screw rod sliding table and a right electric screw rod sliding table; the bracket I, the bracket II, the bracket III and the bracket IV are welded on the base, the bracket I and the bracket II are distributed on one side of the base, and the bracket III and the bracket IV are distributed on the other side of the base; the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the base, the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables on the left side are fixedly arranged on the support I and the support II, and the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables on the right side are fixedly arranged on the support III and the support IV; the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables are connected and installed on the sliding blocks of the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables through bolts, and are respectively arranged and installed on the left and right; the left electric screw rod sliding table and the right electric screw rod sliding table are connected and installed on the sliding blocks of the upper electric screw rod sliding table and the lower electric screw rod sliding table on the left side and the right side through bolts; the powder spreading mechanism consists of a powder spreading roller and is arranged on the workbench; the vacuum generator is fixedly arranged at the top of the sliding blocks of the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables, the hollow rotary platform is fixedly arranged right in front of the sliding blocks of the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables, the vacuum sucker is connected with the hollow rotary platform, and the hollow rotary platform is driven by a motor; the purifier is fixedly arranged on the base; the cover casing consists of glass plates and steel plates, the glass plates are respectively arranged on the front, the back, the left and the right sides, and the steel plates are arranged on the top; the laser scanning system comprises a laser, a galvanometer scanning system and a laser power control system, and the laser and the galvanometer scanning system are positioned at the top of the housing; the carbon fiber gasification mold is piled up and placed on the base.
The selective laser sintering device for carbon fiber directional arrangement by using the gasification die is characterized in that the front and back electric screw rod sliding tables, the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables and the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables belong to the same type, and the structure of the selective laser sintering device comprises a supporting seat, a motor, a ball screw, a linear guide rail, a sliding block and a base. The sliding block is driven by the motor to rotate the ball screw, so that the sliding block is pushed to move, and the sliding moving speed is adjustable between 0.5 and 1 m/s.
The selective laser sintering device for performing carbon fiber directional arrangement by using the gasification dies is characterized in that the carbon fiber gasification dies fixedly clamp carbon fiber filaments between the two gasification dies in sequence in a direction parallel to the side length direction, the main component of each gasification die is polystyrene, the thickness of each gasification die is 0.01-0.03 mm, the side length of each gasification die is 50-100 mm, and the gasification temperature is not higher than 600 ℃; the diameter of the carbon fiber is 5-20 μm.
The selective laser sintering device for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using the gasification die is characterized in that the vacuum chuck can rotate for 360 degrees, and the adsorption force is 0.005-0.01N/cm2Is adjustable.
The selective laser sintering device for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using the gasification die is characterized in that the purifier is used for absorbing harmful gas generated by the high-temperature carbon fiber gasification die containing polystyrene, and the purifying capacity of the purifier is not lower than 5m3/h。
The selective laser sintering device for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using the gasification die is characterized in that the laser is CO2The power of the laser is not lower than 30w, the scanning speed of the galvanometer system is not lower than 5m/s, and the laser power control system is controlled by digital signals.
Meanwhile, the implementation method of the selective laser sintering for the directional arrangement of the carbon fibers by using the gasification die is also provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method provides a solution for directional arrangement of the carbon fiber material in the powder spreading process, and effectively improves the problem of anisotropic mechanical property of the carbon fiber sintered part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the transport mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of the electric screw sliding table in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the vacuum chuck of fig. 1.
FIG. 5 shows the carbon fiber gasification mold arrangement of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-powder spreading roller, 2-bracket I, 3-front and back electric screw rod sliding tables, 4-forming cylinder, 5-laser scanning system, 6-upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables, 7-bracket II, 8-left and right electric screw rod sliding tables, 81-supporting seat, 82-motor, 83-common guide rail, 84-threaded guide rail, 85-sliding block, 86-base, 9-vacuum generator, 10-hollow rotary platform, 91-hollow rotary platform motor, 11-vacuum chuck, 12-carbon fiber gasification mold, 13-bracket III, 14-bracket IV, 15-purifier, 16-powder feeding cylinder, 17-workbench and 18-base.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to fig. 1, the directional arrangement device for selectively laser sintering carbon fibers disclosed by the invention mainly comprises a powder laying roller 1, a support I2, a front electric screw rod sliding table and a rear electric screw rod sliding table 3, a forming cylinder 4, a laser scanning system 5, an upper electric screw rod sliding table and a lower electric screw rod sliding table 6, a support II7, a left electric screw rod sliding table and a right electric screw rod sliding table 8, a vacuum generator 9, a hollow rotary platform 10, a vacuum chuck 11, a carbon fiber gasification die 12, a support III13, a support IV14, a purifier 15, a powder feeding cylinder 16, a workbench 17 and a base 18.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the implementation method of the selective laser sintering using the gasification die to perform the directional carbon fiber arrangement specifically includes the following steps:
(1) the powder feeding cylinder 16 is lifted for a certain distance, the forming cylinder 4 is lowered for a certain distance, and a layer of powder material is paved on the forming cylinder 4 by the powder paving roller 1;
(2) the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables 6 are started firstly to drive the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables 8 to move downwards, so that the vacuum sucker 11 is tightly attached to the carbon fiber gasification mold 12, air is introduced into the vacuum generator 9, the vacuum sucker 11 is enabled to suck the carbon fiber gasification mold 12, the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables 6 drive the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables 8 to move upwards to the original position, and meanwhile, the hollow rotating platform 10 is opened to drive the vacuum sucker 11 to rotate for a certain angle, the direction of the carbon fiber gasification mold is changed, the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables 3 are started, the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables 8 are driven to enable the carbon fiber gasification mold 12 to move to the upper part of the forming cylinder 4, the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables 6 move downwards to the designated position, the air is stopped to be introduced into the vacuum generator;
(3) the conveying mechanism is restored to the original position, the laser scanning system 5 is used for scanning and sintering the forming cylinder 4, the carbon fiber gasification die 12 is gasified, and the purifier 15 is used for absorbing gas for purification treatment;
(4) repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3), wherein the rotation angle of the hollow rotating platform 10 in the step (2) is adjustable within 0-360 degrees, so that the carbon fiber gasification molds 12 arranged in different directions can be sintered; this was repeated until the sintering of the sample was completed.
Claims (7)
1. A selective laser sintering device for carrying out carbon fiber directional arrangement by using a gasification die is characterized by specifically comprising a base, a workbench, a conveying mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, an adsorption mechanism, a laser scanning system, a purifier, a housing and a carbon fiber gasification die; the workbench comprises a powder feeding cylinder and a forming cylinder and is fixedly arranged on the base; the conveying mechanism consists of a bracket I, a bracket II, a bracket III, a bracket IV, a front electric screw rod sliding table, a rear electric screw rod sliding table, an upper electric screw rod sliding table, a lower electric screw rod sliding table, a left electric screw rod sliding table and a right electric screw rod sliding table; the bracket I, the bracket II, the bracket III and the bracket IV are welded on the base, the bracket I and the bracket II are distributed on one side of the base, and the bracket III and the bracket IV are distributed on the other side of the base; the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the base, the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables on the left side are fixedly arranged on the support I and the support II, and the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables on the right side are fixedly arranged on the support III and the support IV; the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables are connected and installed on the sliding blocks of the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables through bolts, and are respectively arranged and installed on the left and right; the left electric screw rod sliding table and the right electric screw rod sliding table are connected and installed on the sliding blocks of the upper electric screw rod sliding table and the lower electric screw rod sliding table on the left side and the right side through bolts; the powder spreading mechanism consists of a powder spreading roller and is arranged on the workbench; the vacuum generator is fixedly arranged at the top of the sliding blocks of the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables, the hollow rotary platform is fixedly arranged right in front of the sliding blocks of the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables, the vacuum sucker is connected with the hollow rotary platform, and the hollow rotary platform is driven by a motor; the purifier is fixedly arranged on the base; the cover casing consists of glass plates and steel plates, the glass plates are respectively arranged on the front, the back, the left and the right sides, and the steel plates are arranged on the top; the laser scanning system comprises a laser, a galvanometer scanning system and a laser power control system, and the laser and the galvanometer scanning system are positioned at the top of the housing; the carbon fiber gasification mold is piled up and placed on the base.
2. The selective laser sintering device for carbon fiber orientation arrangement by using a gasification die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front and rear electric screw rod sliding tables, the upper and lower electric screw rod sliding tables, and the left and right electric screw rod sliding tables are of the same type, and each of the structures thereof comprises a support base, a motor, a ball screw, a linear guide rail, a slider and a base; the sliding block is driven by the motor to rotate the ball screw, so that the sliding block is pushed to move, and the sliding moving speed is adjustable between 0.5 and 1 m/s.
3. The selective laser sintering device for carbon fiber orientation arrangement by using the gasification dies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon fiber gasification dies are used for fixedly clamping carbon fiber filaments between two gasification dies in sequence in a direction parallel to the side length direction, the main component of the gasification dies is polystyrene, the thickness is 0.01-0.03 mm, the side length is 50-100 mm, and the gasification temperature is not higher than 600 ℃; the diameter of the carbon fiber is 5-20 μm.
4. The selective laser sintering device for carbon fiber orientation arrangement by using a gasification die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum chuck rotates 360 degrees, and the adsorption force is 0.005-0.01N/cm2Is adjustable.
5. The apparatus for selective laser sintering with carbon fiber orientation using a vaporizing die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scrubber is for absorbing harmful gas generated from the vaporizing die containing polystyrene at high temperature, and has a scrubbing power of not less than 5m3/h。
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the laser comprises CO2Laser of power not less than30w, the scanning speed of the galvanometer system is not lower than 5m/s, and the laser power control system is controlled by a digital signal.
7. An implementation method for carrying out selective laser sintering of carbon fiber orientation arrangement by using a gasification die comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the powder feeding cylinder is lifted for a certain distance, the forming cylinder is lowered for a certain distance, and a layer of powder material is laid on the forming cylinder by a powder laying roller;
(2) through the coordinated motion of the electric screw rod sliding tables in three directions in the conveying mechanism, the vacuum chuck is made to be tightly attached to the carbon fiber gasification mold, air is introduced into the vacuum generator, the vacuum chuck is made to suck the carbon fiber gasification mold, the hollow rotating platform is opened to drive the vacuum chuck to rotate for a certain angle, then the carbon fiber gasification mold is moved to the upper part of the forming cylinder through the conveying mechanism, the introduction of air into the vacuum generator is stopped, the vacuum chuck loses the adsorption capacity, and the carbon fiber gasification mold is placed on the forming cylinder;
(3) scanning and sintering by using a laser scanning system, gasifying a carbon fiber gasification mold, and purifying by using a purifier to absorb gas;
(4) repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3), wherein the rotation angle of the hollow rotating platform in the step (2) is adjustable from 0 to 360 degrees so as to sinter the carbon fiber gasification molds arranged in different directions; this was repeated until the sintering of the sample was completed.
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| MX2019006178A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-08-29 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Laser sintered flexible ribbon. |
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| WO2017108758A1 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | Arburg Gmbh + Co Kg | Device and method for producing a three-dimensional object with a fibre feeding device |
| CN108602126A (en) * | 2016-02-08 | 2018-09-28 | 西门子股份公司 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing component |
| WO2017192866A1 (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2017-11-09 | Somnio Global Holdings, Llc | Additive fabrication methods and devices for manufacture of objects having preform reinforcements |
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