CN109604596A - A kind of increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system - Google Patents
A kind of increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109604596A CN109604596A CN201811563473.7A CN201811563473A CN109604596A CN 109604596 A CN109604596 A CN 109604596A CN 201811563473 A CN201811563473 A CN 201811563473A CN 109604596 A CN109604596 A CN 109604596A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- local
- powdering
- powder bed
- bed shield
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system, it can be achieved that powder feeding and the miniaturization of power spreading device, and it can be realized on-demand weight feed powder.The increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system includes powder cylinder, powder feeding pipeline, power spreading device, local powder bed shield and guiding movement mechanism；The cross section profile of powder cylinder and the maximum cross-section overall size of required formation of parts match, and powdering region is constituted between the first side wall and second sidewall of powder cylinder；The lower end surface of local powder bed shield is sky, and width is greater than the spacing of the first side wall and second sidewall；The surge bunker of power spreading device is fixed on the leading flank of local powder bed shield and close to lower end surface；Guiding movement mechanism is used to according to technological order complete that local powder bed shield and power spreading device is driven to run according to scheduled trajectory synchronization to next local powdering region at local powder bed shield after the laser processing in corresponding local powdering and local powdering region.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increases material manufacturing technology field, powdering system needed for being related to a kind of increasing material manufacturing technique is especially suitable
For processing large scale complex component.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing (Additive manufacturing, AM), be otherwise known as " 3D printing ", is with digital CAD model
Based on data, using the addition method manufacturing theory of similar mathematic integral, by the manufacture depression of order of 3D solid be two-dimensional section by
The method of point successively tired manufacture, realizes the dimensionality reduction forming of 3 d part, is not limited by complex-shaped degree, can be realized and appoint
Quick, high-quality, efficient, economic, the complete intelligent and Grazing conditionization manufacture of meaning complicated shape part.Increasing material manufacturing is advanced manufacture
The important component of industry is the high end digital manufacturing technology developed rapidly in the late three decades, relative to traditional etc.
Material manufacture (Δ M=0, casting, forging etc. in manufacturing process), subtracts material manufacture (Δ M < 0, turnning and milling dig abrasive drilling etc.), is a kind of " under
On and " material addition forming manufacturing method, embody information network technique and advanced material technology, numerical DC speed technology
It is intimately associated, realizes manufacture from waiting materials, subtracting material to the great change for increasing material, change conventionally manufactured theory and mould
Formula.
Metal increasing material manufacturing is forefront and most potential increases material manufacturing technology, is the important development of advanced manufacturing technology
Direction.In metal increases material manufacturing technology selective laser fusing (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) and laser near net at
Shape technology (Laser Engineered Net Shaping, LENS), is developed rapidly in recent years.SLM technique is due to powder
End can play the role of self-supporting, can shape arbitrarily complicated metal component, but shapable part size is smaller (general
Less than 500mm).And LENS technique, spot diameter are big, it can be with molding large component, but the precision of drip molding is lower, and is difficult into
The metal component of direct forming complexity.Technique Fused Deposition Modeling technology (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM) is
Development one of nonmetallic increases material manufacturing technology the most mature, maximum feature be it is at low cost, it is high-efficient, but precision compared with
It is low, forming speed is relatively slow, be not suitable for building large scale complex parts.
Manufacture large scale metal component is that SLM technology is difficult the technical bottleneck broken through for a long time, this is because SLM successively adds up
The process characteristic of powdering determines that the size of forming cylinder body has to the sectional dimension greater than formation of parts, no matter shapes great
Part requires layer-by-layer powdering laser scanning forming.Currently, Germany EOS, Fu Lang Hough research institute, SLM Solution,
Concept laser etc. and the domestic Central China University of Science and Technology, the western Supreme Being in Suzhou such as rub at the units, by using multiple beam connecting method,
The forming dimension developed in succession is equipped in 500mm or bigger SLM, but helpless for larger sized part.
The structure of traditional upper powder falling and lower powder feeding formula designs, and needs to store a large amount of powder, determines powder feeding and powdering dress
It is larger to set size, not only increases power consumption, and inevitably causes to waste.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome in existing increasing material manufacturing technique powdering system to need to store a large amount of powder to cause to fill
The problems such as volume is larger is set, provides a kind of increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system, it can be achieved that powder feeding and the miniaturization of power spreading device,
And it can be realized on-demand weight feed powder.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system, including powder cylinder, powder feeding pipeline and power spreading device, are different from the prior art
It is: further includes local powder bed shield and guiding movement mechanism；
The cross section profile of the powder cylinder matches with the maximum cross-section overall size of required formation of parts；Corresponding to it is required at
The two side walls of the two sides of shape part section, note powder cylinder are respectively the first side wall and second sidewall；Then the first side wall and second side
Wall is finally closed the cross section profile for forming powder cylinder in the horizontal direction；Powdering is constituted between the first side wall and second sidewall of powder cylinder
Region；
The lower end surface of local powder bed shield is sky, and width is greater than the spacing of the first side wall and second sidewall, satisfaction office
Portion's powder bed shield can directly be set up in the upper surface of powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall；
Power spreading device includes surge bunker and scraper, and the surge bunker is fixed on the leading flank of local powder bed shield and leans on
Nearly lower end surface, the powder feeding pipeline are passed through surge bunker, and surge bunker lower end is provided with the meal outlet corresponding to the powdering region, scrapes
Knife is fixed on the lower part of surge bunker, and the working face of scraper and the lower end surface (being equivalent to powder cylinder upper surface) of part powder bed shield are flat
(" slightly below ", the powder bed for being equivalent to powdering formation are slightly below table on powder cylinder for the lower end surface of neat or slightly below local powder bed shield
Face, amount of powder is swept to outside powder cylinder by scraper when can avoid " concordant ")；
The guiding movement mechanism is used to complete corresponding local powdering at local powder bed shield according to technological order
And local powder bed shield and power spreading device is driven to transport after the laser processing in local powdering region according to scheduled trajectory synchronization
It goes to next local powdering region.
Based on above scheme, the present invention has also further made following optimization:
Guiding movement mechanism is mounted on precision linear encoder on three-dimensional, provides closed loop feedback for guiding movement, with
Guarantee the positioning accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy of operation.
In order to be better adapted to the powder cylinder section morphology that complex parts profile is determined, configurable sizes are scraped
Knife, scraper are removably mounted on the lower part of surge bunker.
It is also configured with powder recovering device in powder cylinder periphery, in time siphoning away unfused powder.
For laser printing, it can be arranged in the upper surface of local powder bed shield and correspond to top laser printing optical path
The light passing region of system.
It can be protected to special local atmosphere is made in local powder bed shield, in the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield
Air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe is arranged in top, and powdering region of the air inlet pipe for into local powder bed shield is passed through indifferent gas
Body, and circulation line is constituted with escape pipe.
Further, the inner wall of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is respectively arranged with Coanda cavity, Coanda cavity
Air inlet is accordingly set to the top of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield, and air guide fine crack is located at local powder bed shield lower end
Face；Region between former and later two Coanda cavitys is the powdering region in local powder bed shield；Coanda cavity and first
Side wall and the outer edge of second sidewall keep spacing to reserve flue dust airflow channel.
The also settable air blowing inclined hole in the top of local powder bed shield, for being passed through inert gas.
The left and right side of the lower part of local powder bed shield is provided with the channel for flue dust to be discharged.
Further, the channel for flue dust to be discharged be specially be respectively arranged at local powder bed shield lower part it is left,
The porous air inlet of right side, porous gas outlet, wherein porous air inlet is for being passed through inert gas, porous gas outlet is connected to pumping
Device of air is to be discharged flue dust using negative pressure.
"front", "rear" described above, "left", "right" are in order to distinguish relative bearing, with laser printing light in actual work
The direction of travel of road system and local powder bed shield is used as " front ", to provide the above relative bearing.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, by designing the powder cylinder to match with the interface profile size of required drip molding, the first side wall of powder cylinder and second
Powdering region is constituted between side wall, local powder bed shield is directly set up in the upper surface of powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall,
The track dynamic powdering determined along powder cylinder is in case printing, realizes powder feeding and the miniaturization of power spreading device, also dramatically save
Powder dosage breaches the dimension limit of SLM manufacture large scale complex parts.
2, synchronous powder feeding system, powdering are realized.After the completion of local powdering, shaped in time on local powder bed surface, powdering
Process does not need to recycle extra powder, can continuously be servo-actuated powdering, breaches the structure of traditional upper powder falling and lower powder feeding formula
Design, powdering process does not need to store a large amount of powder, but can greatly simplify powder feeding and paving by real-time external powder feeding
The structure of powder device reduces operation power consumption, while can also realize the recycling to powder.Metal powder required for shaping
End is endlessly transported to local powdering region, on-demand weight feed according to powdering dosage.
3, the forming of powder cylinder is of less demanding to craft precision, and multiple technologies (such as CMT, LENS, FDM) realization can be used,
Give full play to the advantage of various increases material manufacturing technologies.
It is 4, avoidable that large-scale closed chamber is additionally set by designing local gas shield to local powder bed shield,
Ar consumed by forming process is saved to a certain extent, saves cost.Especially with Coanda cavity, by Coanda
Gas (can be argon gas, be also possible to air) is passed through in cavity, gas generates negative pressure and make during the water conservancy diversion of Coanda surface
With on the one hand the flue dust by generation inside local powder bed shield quickly siphons away, on the other hand due in Coanda deflector
It is formed under effect inertia " air curtain ", the air of surrounding cannot be introduced into local powder bed shield, also play the gas to forming process
Atmosphere protective effect.
5, by the way that air blowing inclined hole, inert protective gas warp are arranged around local powder bed shield top glass light passing region
During entering local powder bed shield by air blowing inclined hole, vortex can produce, prevent the flue dust generated in SLM forming process from existing
Light passing deposition on glass (generates masking to laser)；Simultaneously as the air-flow formed through the air blowing inclined hole is not to face powder
Bed surface, will not have an impact powdering process and powder bed.
6, the mode of " dynamic powder cylinder ", the i.e. layer-by-layer printing-forming of powder cylinder itself also can be used, each layer of powder cylinder is based on, along powder
The track that cylinder determines successively carries out local powdering, printing to several regions, completes one layer of whole region and obtains part slice,
Until the last layer powder cylinder and corresponding part are sliced, entire part is finally obtained.
7, the present invention can be applied not only to SLM process forming part, could be applicable to other and is related to the increasing material manufacturing of powdering
Technique.
8, the present invention is especially in the biggish part of increasing material manufacturing length-width ratio (including annular, strip, irregular curved etc. zero
Part) when have significant advantage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the operation schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 2 is that laser printing shapes the capital equipment rough schematic view being related to.
Fig. 3 is the part section detail based on Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Coanda cavity cross-section.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention applies Coanda cavity.
Fig. 6 is a kind of Multi-energy field (FDM, SLM and milling process) the system architecture equipment signal designed based on the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 7 is the Y-direction side view of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 6.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
1- rotary table；The direction 2-X horizontal guide rail system (lead screw guide rails translation stage)；The direction 3-Y horizontal guide rail system；
The direction 4-Z riser guide system；5- laser printing light path system；6-FDM print system；7- milling subtracts material system of processing；8- innings
Portion's powder bed shield；9, powdering and dust feeder；10- powder cylinder；11- molded part；12- powder；
101- the first side wall；102- second sidewall；
501- galvanometer；502-f- θ field lens；503-QBH connector and collimator and extender module；
801- light passing glass；802- is located at the porous air inlet of lower part；803- is located at the porous gas outlet of lower part；804-
Air inlet pipe in top；The superposed escape pipe of 805-；806- air blowing inclined hole；807- Coanda cavity；8071- Coanda chamber
Body air guide fine crack；
901- powder feeding pipeline；902- surge bunker；903- scraper.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, powder cylinder is made of the first side wall and second sidewall, global shape and size are according to required processing zero
The resemblance of part determines that the size of powder cylinder is slightly larger than largest cross-sectional sized (the first side wall and second of the part of required forming
Side wall and forming board constituent part shaped region as bottom surface).
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, local powder bed shield is equipped with local power spreading device along the bottom of powder cylinder circumferential direction,
Bottom is equipped with scraper, and scraper is flexible scraper or hard scraper.Scraper, can between powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall
The lower end surface of slightly below local powder bed shield (the first side wall and second sidewall prevent from scratching there are certain gap).Scraper
It can replace in the process of running.Local power spreading device can be connected by powder feeding pipes with dust feeder, and dust feeder will shape
Required powder is endlessly transported in local power spreading device according to powdering dosage, on-demand weight feed, changes tradition
The problem of powder mass storage, also avoids local power spreading device and drives movement and power consumption caused by a large amount of powder particles；Laser
Printing light path system drives local powder bed shield and local power spreading device to move during horizontal guide rail system motion, cooperates
The operation of rotatable workbench may be implemented local power spreading device and be spread in powder cylinder surfaces by powder cylinder cross section profile course bearing
Consistent (local power spreading device is during the motion for powder, the motion profile of local power spreading device and the cross section profile pattern of powder cylinder
Always between the first side wall and second sidewall in powder cylinder upper surface), extra powder will not be generated and overflowed outside powder cylinder, together
When, since local power spreading device is continuously moved according to powder cylinder cross section profile track along powder cylinder surfaces, save traditional SLM powdering mistake
Journey needs to recycle the process of excessive powder, simplifies structure.
By taking laser printing shapes as an example, as shown in Figure 2,3, in order to make powdering and laser printing forming process be in lazy always
Property atmosphere protection environment, local powder bed shield is fixedly installed below laser printing light path system, follows powdering, laser printing
Synchronous marching.It is provided with glass light hole above local powder bed shield, quartz glass, quartzy glass are installed on glass light hole
Glass can guarantee the smooth light passing of the laser of 1064nm, be fully sealed between quartz glass and local powder bed shield.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Coanda cavity can be respectively set in the forward and backward side inner wall of local powder bed shield, from
Top is passed through the air guide surface that the gas (not illustrating air inlet in figure) of Coanda cavity is pressurized along Coanda cavity bottom, edge
Powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall surface form air curtain, prevent the air in ambient enviroment from entering local powder bed shield
In, oxidation is generated to the high temperature powder of SLM forming；Simultaneously because Coanda effect guides the cigarette generated in local powder bed shield
Dirt is quickly discharged.It should be noted that Coanda cavity shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 is only to illustrate (to be intended to simplify and express its work original
Reason), actual product can make corresponding matching according to the size in local powder bed shield and powder cylinder section.
The top of the local forward and backward side of powder bed shield is provided with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, runs through Coanda cavity and powdering
Regional connectivity, air inlet pipe constitute circulation line for being passed through inert gas, and with escape pipe.
Since inert gas (generalling use argon gas) density is higher than air, the air in local powder bed shield is compressed to
Part is discharged in the air extractor of local powder bed shield bottom, two sides of a part via local powder bed shield radially
Outside powder bed shield, another part is since the suction function of Coanda effect is to two sides Coanda cavity bottom Coanda air guide
Surface flow is discharged to the outside of local powder bed shield.By adjusting the inert gas entered via air blowing inclined hole, via office
Portion's powder bed shield top air inlet pipe and escape pipe circulation inert gas, via local powder bed shield lower part air inlet and go out
The inert gas and be passed through the intracorporal gas flow of Coanda chamber and pressure that port recycles are realized in local powder bed shield
The air pressure balance in portion and lower oxygen content, the environment of stable inert gas shielding is provided for SLM forming process, prevents from shaping
Powder is oxidized in the process.
In addition to this, directly rotary table can also be arranged in the closed chamber for providing inert atmosphere (or even will be whole
It is arranged and purchases in closed chamber).
Local powder bed shield along the two sides of powder cylinder radial direction close to bottom be respectively arranged with porous air inlet, it is porous go out
Port (may make up circulation gas circuit), for excluding the flue dust produced in SLM forming process in time, while guarantee local powder bed protection
Pressure and air balance inside cover.
Glass light hole surrounding offers air blowing inclined hole, and air blowing inclined hole is located on the ring flange of fixed light passing glass, flange
Disk is fixed on local powder bed shield positioning, and guarantees to seal.Argon gas enters office via the air blowing inclined hole of glass light hole surrounding
In portion's powder bed shield, inert ambient environment is formed in local powder bed shield, prevents powder in laser SLM forming process from existing
It is aoxidized under high temperature.The inclination angle of air blowing inclined hole is preferred with 5-25 °, on the one hand, inert protective gas enters part via air blowing inclined hole
During powder bed shield, vortex can produce, prevent the flue dust generated in SLM forming process from depositing on glass light hole,
It prevents from generating bridging effect to laser；On the other hand, use inclination angle for 5-25 ° of air blowing inclined hole, it can be to avoid air-flow face powder
Is brought to powdering process and powder bed by adverse effect for bed surface.
Below by way of a best applications example (dynamic powder cylinder), invention is further described in detail.
Specific work process of the invention are as follows:
1) firstly, the threedimensional model for the large scale ring-shaped work pieces processed required for designing, carries out data processing, packet is generated
The SLM forming technology file for including slice, support, scan path, technological parameter, scanning strategy etc., by technical papers data, equipment
The information such as parameter, material parameter are imported into technical process numerical simulation software, and it is imitative to carry out numerical value to entire shaping process
Very, deformation and stress buckling deformation in forming process etc. is obtained as a result, preventing stress deformation, heat transfer auxiliary branch by addition
Support and support construction optimization, generate the reversible deformation prediction model of SLM forming process, give birth to again to the reversible deformation prediction model of acquisition
At SLM forming technology file；Meanwhile according to the interface profile shape of required molding large part, the three-dimensional of dynamic powder cylinder is designed
Model generates the FDM forming technology file including slice, support, scan path, technological parameter, scanning strategy etc.；After optimizing
SLM forming technology file and FDM forming technology file data imported into ready-to-print in SLM Forming Equipments simultaneously.
2) forming board is mounted on rotatable workbench and is leveled, guarantee surfacing, flatness error is less than 20 μm.
Initial dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall are printed using FDM technique, install local powder bed shield and powdering dress
It sets, adjusts the position between scraper and powder cylinder, and carry out sealing；Gold required for being shaped SLM by synchronous powder feeding system device
Belong to powder to be endlessly transported in local power spreading device according to powdering dosage, on-demand weight feed；Power spreading device is according to institute
The cross-section profile shape of the dynamic powder cylinder for the heavy parts that need to be processed, according to dynamic powder cylinder cross section profile track in dynamic powder cylinder
Local powdering (powdering in local powder bed shield region) is carried out between one side wall and second sidewall；Then power spreading device and part
Powder bed shield stop motion, the starting of laser printing light path system scans track according to the technical papers imported in advance, technique is joined
The powder on several pairs of powder bed surfaces carries out selective melting；The powder of entire forming process scanning area is in inert gas shielding ring
In border, localised protection gas device air pressure inside balance and lower oxygen content are kept.Covering below local powder bed shield
After the completion of sector scanning, local powder bed shield and power spreading device continue to carry out movement paving according to dynamic powder cylinder cross section profile track
Powder spreads what a region i.e. scanning and printing, then moves again, powdering, scanning and printing, repetitive operation, until complete one layer of dynamic
After the completion of powder cylinder sector scanning, power spreading device and local powder bed shield entirety move up a powdering thickness along guide post
Distance.
3) after first layer forming, milling subtracts material system of processing and finishes to the part side after SLM forming, while right
The first side wall of the dynamic powder cylinder of FDM forming and second sidewall upper surface carry out Milling Process, so that surfacing, guarantees second
Secondary powdering can smoothly uniformly；Then start print second layer powder cylinder, repeat step 2) relevant operation, until one-piece parts at
Shape is completed.
4) after entire part forming, gas-circulating system is closed, starts powder circulation recovery system, by dynamic powder cylinder
In extra powder cleared up automatically, sieve powder, circulation, part is cut down using wire cutting from substrate finally, is completed
The process of entire part.
In laser scanning print procedure, the adjustable technology of big small light spot can be used, large spot scanning preheating, small light may be implemented
Spot focuses forming, it is also possible to which large spot filling scanning, small light spot profile scan improve the efficiency and precision of SLM forming；By big
Small light spot is used cooperatively, and realizes real-time online preheating-scanning-heat treatment to drip molding；By regulation different scanning region, no
With the scanning process parameter and scanning strategy of bisque, the residual stress and stress deformation in forming process can be greatly reduced.
The forming of dynamic powder cylinder can there are many implementations, are printed as below with FDM technology printing dynamic powder cylinder+SLM
For shape part, configurable relevant hardware devices are introduced.As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, architecture includes revolution work
Platform, X-direction horizontal guide rail system (lead screw guide rails translation stage), Y-direction horizontal guide rail system, Z-direction riser guide system, laser
Printing light path system, FDM print system, milling subtract material system of processing.
Rotary table is mounted on lead screw guide rails translation stage, and rotary table can be along lead screw guide rails translation stage or so (X
Direction) it is mobile, its own any angle can also be rotated within the scope of 360 °.
Lead screw guide rails translation stage two sides are equipped with riser guide system (Z-direction), and more sets are equipped in riser guide system
Horizontal guide rail system (Y-direction), more set FDM print systems are equipped in the horizontal guide rail system of Y-direction and milling subtracts material processing
System and more set laser printing light path systems.
More set horizontal guide rail systems drives mostly set FDM print systems and milling subtract material system of processing and more set laser are beaten
Printing light path system can integrally move up and down along riser guide system.
X-direction horizontal guide rail system, more set Z-direction riser guide systems, cover are respectively mounted more in Y-direction horizontal guide rail system
There is precision linear encoder, provide closed loop feedback for movement, guarantees the positioning accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy of its operation.
FDM print system is corresponding with required formation of parts with beating for being printed in forming process on rotatable workbench
With dynamic powder cylinder.Milling subtracts material system of processing for the dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall to FDM print system
The Milling Process of upper surface guarantees that dynamic powder cylinder surfaces are flat and smooth, and convenient for scraper powdering in SLM forming process, milling subtracts material
Include tool magazine in system of processing, the milling cutter that lock needs can be replaced according to different process requirements；Milling subtracts material system of processing
The laser printing light path system SLM piece surface shaped can also be finished, improve surface quality；Milling subtracts material processing system
System and FDM print system are mounted in same set of horizontal guide rail system, and milling subtracts material system of processing and is mounted on FDM print system
Rear position, convenient for carrying out Milling Process to dynamic powder cylinder upper surface in time after FDM printing.
FDM print system and milling subtract material system of processing can move up and down along riser guide system, to print
With the distance for adjusting remaining dynamic powder cylinder upper surface during milling dynamic powder cylinder, guarantee printing precision and cutting precision；FDM is beaten
Print system and milling subtract material and are mounted in horizontal guide rail system, can install more sets, dynamic to improve printing dynamic powder cylinder and milling
The efficiency of state powder cylinder.The milling cutter direction of rotation that settable milling subtracts material system of processing is outside along dynamic powder cylinder surfaces, so that processing
The cutting generated in the process can be timely discharges, the forming process without influencing SLM.
Be equipped in horizontal guide rail system cover laser printing light path systems, as shown in figure 3, laser printing light path system by
QBH connector, collimator and extender module, galvanometer, f- θ field lens/dynamic focusing microscope group by optical fiber with laser at being connected, laser is beaten
Printing light path system is for realizing SLM forming process to the track scanning on powder bed surface；Laser printing light path system can be along level
(Y-direction) operation before and after guide track system, is equipped with precision linear encoder in horizontal guide rail system, guarantees laser printing light path system
The positioning accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy of movement；Laser printing light path system integral sealing prevents in optical system shield
The flue dust and metal powder metal produced in forming process causes adverse effect to the transmission of laser into laser light path system.
In part SLM forming process, by the FDM print system installed in horizontal guide rail system (Y-direction) and rotatable
The movement of workbench, FDM print system print on rotatable workbench according to the section of outline shape of required processing part
The first side wall and second sidewall of dynamic powder cylinder；Milling subtracts material system of processing will be on the first side wall and second sidewall of dynamic powder cylinder
Surface Milling Process is smooth, it is ensured that powdering plane and dynamic powder cylinder upper surface are in the same plane；Local power spreading device is along dynamic
Synchronous powder feeding system device is sent into the metal powder of local power spreading device along parts profile via powder feeding pipe by the movement of state powder cylinder upper surface
Track is taped against in the cavity between dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall；After local power spreading device completes powder, stop fortune
Dynamic, laser printing light path system is started to work, and by controlling technological parameter, the scanning strategy of laser beam flying, is added according to required
The fusion of metal powder of dynamic powder cylinder surfaces is frozen into the section shape of required formation of parts by the section of outline shape of work part
Shape；Entire forming process carries out under the protection of inert gas；After complete one layer of end of scan, FDM print system, milling subtract material
System of processing, laser printing light path system integrally move up the distance (20-100 μm) of a powdering thickness along guide upright post,
Thickness is determined according to model section data；Dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second side of the FDM print system in previous Milling Process
Section of outline shape printing dynamic powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall according to required processing part are continued in wall upper surface；So
Afterwards successively according to Milling Process, local powdering, the order formation of parts that laser printing shapes, iterative cycles produce final institute
The part needed；Powder recovering device (explosion-proof vacuum cleaner siphons away unfused powder) is installed, for collecting around powder cylinder
Powder extra in annular powder cylinder, powder recovering device can recycle powder automatically, sieve powder, be recycled into and send after forming
Powder device realizes the recycling of powder.
The settable multiple observation windows in the side of local powder bed shield, in order to observe SLM forming process in real time.Part
Mountable camera on powder bed shield carries out intellectual monitoring to real-time powdering process by camera, can by data analysis
With multiple powdering；By monitoring the fluctuation situation of light path system electric current and voltage, the reality to laser power stability may be implemented
When monitor；Sensor and temperature sensor are monitored by pressure sensor, flow sensor, water oxygen content, to forming process
Parameter carries out intellectual monitoring；Real time on-line monitoring is carried out using the temperature field to forming process molten bath such as thermal infrared imager；Using
App or wechat small routine remotely monitor, and intelligent fault analysis prompt does not need someone and stares at pipe at the scene at the moment；By to forming
The online real-time acquisition of all data of process is excavated and is analyzed, to guarantee long-time part forming quality and subsequent technique optimization
Big data sample is provided to support.
Water cooling, current vortex heating device, electromagnetic system, ultrasonic system etc. can be set around dynamic powder cylinder, are changed to
Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics, melt flow characteristics, temperature field, the cooling velocity in shape process molten bath change the Solidification Characteristics of tissue, realize
Crystal grain refinement, by technical study, by adjusting technological parameter and external access means, for tissue needed for drip molding customization and
Mechanical property.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system, including powder cylinder, powder feeding pipeline and power spreading device, it is characterised in that: further include
Local powder bed shield and guiding movement mechanism；
The cross section profile of the powder cylinder matches with the maximum cross-section overall size of required formation of parts；Corresponding to required forming zero
The two side walls of the two sides in part section, note powder cylinder are respectively the first side wall and second sidewall；Then the first side wall and second sidewall exist
Finally closure forms the cross section profile of powder cylinder in horizontal direction；Powdering area is constituted between the first side wall and second sidewall of powder cylinder
Domain；
The lower end surface of local powder bed shield is sky, and width is greater than the spacing of the first side wall and second sidewall, meets local powder
Bed shield can directly be set up in the upper surface of powder cylinder the first side wall and second sidewall；
Power spreading device includes surge bunker and scraper, and the surge bunker is fixed on the leading flank of local powder bed shield and under
End face, the powder feeding pipeline are passed through surge bunker, and surge bunker lower end is provided with the meal outlet corresponding to the powdering region, and scraper is solid
Due to the lower part of surge bunker, the working face of scraper is concordant with the lower end surface of local powder bed shield or slightly below part powder bed protects
The lower end surface of cover；
The guiding movement mechanism is used for according to technological order, complete at local powder bed shield corresponding local powdering and
Driven after the laser processing in local powdering region local powder bed shield and power spreading device according to scheduled trajectory synchronization run to
Next part powdering region.
2. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: guiding movement mechanism is in three-dimensional side
It is mounted on precision linear encoder upwards, provides closed loop feedback for guiding movement, to guarantee the positioning accuracy and resetting of operation
Precision.
3. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: scraping configured with sizes
Knife, scraper are removably mounted on the lower part of surge bunker.
4. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be also configured with powder in powder cylinder periphery
Last recyclable device, in time siphoning away unfused powder.
5. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed shield
Upper surface has the light passing region corresponding to top laser printing light path system.
6. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed shield
The top of forward and backward side is provided with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is for the powdering region into local powder bed shield
It is passed through inert gas, and constitutes circulation line with escape pipe.
7. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed protection
The inner wall for covering forward and backward side is respectively arranged with Coanda cavity, and the air inlet of Coanda cavity is accordingly set to local powder bed protection
The top of forward and backward side is covered, air guide fine crack is located at local powder bed shield lower end surface；Between former and later two Coanda cavitys
Region is the powdering region in local powder bed shield；Between Coanda cavity and the first side wall and the outer edge of second sidewall are kept
Away to reserve flue dust airflow channel.
8. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed shield
Top is provided with air blowing inclined hole, for being passed through inert gas.
9. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the part powder bed shield
The left and right side of lower part is provided with the channel for flue dust to be discharged.
10. increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described for flue dust to be discharged
Channel is specially the porous air inlet for being respectively arranged at local powder bed shield lower part left and right side, porous gas outlet, wherein more
Gas inlet hole mouth is connected to air extractor for being passed through inert gas, porous gas outlet to which flue dust be discharged using negative pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811563473.7A CN109604596B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Additive manufacturing dynamic powder laying system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811563473.7A CN109604596B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Additive manufacturing dynamic powder laying system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109604596A true CN109604596A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
| CN109604596B CN109604596B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
Family
ID=66008867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811563473.7A Active CN109604596B (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Additive manufacturing dynamic powder laying system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109604596B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110315079A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-11 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing device and manufacturing process |
| CN110666171A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-01-10 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Model correction method for circular hole structure formed by selective laser melting |
| CN112108648A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | 西安交通大学 | Annular powder-laying selective laser melting forming device |
| CN113953538A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Annular powder jar vibration material disk forming device |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201037151Y (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-03-19 | 武汉材料保护研究所 | Laser surface modifying processing coaxial gas protection powder-feeding device |
| CN103726049A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-16 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser additive manufacturing method and device of metal parts |
| DE102013226670A1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-06-26 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Construction device for a three-dimensional object and method for constructing a three-dimensional object |
| CN104923788A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-23 | 广东信达雅三维科技有限公司 | Single-cylinder type desktop type laser area selecting fusion forming device and control method |
| CN105903965A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-08-31 | 华南理工大学 | Modularized treatment device and method for selective laser melting powder of precious metal |
| CN107812943A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of laser gain material manufacture remanufactures profile-followed guard method and protective cover |
| CN108724708A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-02 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing protective device and its application method |
| CN108817389A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-16 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the device and method of metal increasing material manufacturing part performance |
| CN108971487A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-11 | 通用电气公司 | Increase material and subtracts the method for material manufacture |
-
2018
- 2018-12-20 CN CN201811563473.7A patent/CN109604596B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201037151Y (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-03-19 | 武汉材料保护研究所 | Laser surface modifying processing coaxial gas protection powder-feeding device |
| DE102013226670A1 (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-06-26 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Construction device for a three-dimensional object and method for constructing a three-dimensional object |
| CN103726049A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-16 | 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 | Laser additive manufacturing method and device of metal parts |
| CN104923788A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-23 | 广东信达雅三维科技有限公司 | Single-cylinder type desktop type laser area selecting fusion forming device and control method |
| CN105903965A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-08-31 | 华南理工大学 | Modularized treatment device and method for selective laser melting powder of precious metal |
| CN108971487A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-11 | 通用电气公司 | Increase material and subtracts the method for material manufacture |
| CN107812943A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-20 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of laser gain material manufacture remanufactures profile-followed guard method and protective cover |
| CN108724708A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-02 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing protective device and its application method |
| CN108817389A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-16 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the device and method of metal increasing material manufacturing part performance |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110315079A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-11 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing device and manufacturing process |
| CN110315079B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2024-03-26 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | Additive manufacturing device and forming method |
| CN110666171A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-01-10 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Model correction method for circular hole structure formed by selective laser melting |
| CN110666171B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-20 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Model correction method for circular hole structure formed by selective laser melting |
| CN112108648A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-22 | 西安交通大学 | Annular powder-laying selective laser melting forming device |
| CN113953538A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Annular powder jar vibration material disk forming device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109604596B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109590470A (en) | A kind of Multi-energy field increasing material manufacturing formation system | |
| CN109434109A (en) | A kind of selective laser fusing manufacturing process based on dynamic powder cylinder | |
| CN109604596A (en) | A kind of increasing material manufacturing dynamic powdering system | |
| CN106623928B (en) | A kind of device of metal 3D printing equipment forming bin two sides protection gas disengaging | |
| CN206065415U (en) | A kind of selective laser of variable cross section melts forming worktable | |
| CN104001915B (en) | A kind of high energy beam increases material and manufactures equipment and the control method thereof of large scale metallic element | |
| CN107471399B (en) | Novel laser 3D printer for printing ceramic material and control method | |
| CN109648079A (en) | A kind of atmosphere protection device applied to increasing material manufacturing | |
| CN101653827B (en) | Method and apparatus for producing a three-dimensionally shaped object, and three dimesionally shaped object | |
| WO2019000523A1 (en) | Method and device for rapidly forming component using combined arc fused deposition and laser impact forging | |
| JP2020506823A (en) | Additive manufacturing using a mobile scanning area | |
| JP2020506826A (en) | Additive manufacturing using a mobile scanning area | |
| CN104226996A (en) | Device and method for use of impeller of laser 3D (three dimensional) -printing pump | |
| CN104842565A (en) | Fast liquid interface 3D (3-dimensional) printing system | |
| CN107774994B (en) | The method for automatically adjusting metal 3D printer powder supply amount | |
| CN104384514A (en) | 3D printing device and printing method of large metal parts of water pump | |
| CN105127415A (en) | Metal 3D printing and fast prototyping device | |
| CN106182772B (en) | Multiple material rapid prototyping molding machine and method | |
| CN103498142B (en) | The special-shaped syndeton manufacturing process of laser melting coating high temperature alloy | |
| CN109604598A (en) | A kind of increase and decrease material combined-machining equipment | |
| CN106696051A (en) | Large carbon dioxide laser 3D printing equipment and printing method thereof | |
| CN213410332U (en) | Wind path system and multi-galvanometer 3D printing equipment | |
| CN109774116A (en) | A kind of 3D printing device and Method of printing | |
| Xiaomao et al. | Tool path planning based on endpoint build-in optimization in rapid prototyping | |
| CN203109233U (en) | Mechanical structure of powdered material selective laser sintering forming device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |