CN109604124B - 一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法 - Google Patents

一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法 Download PDF

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CN109604124B
CN109604124B CN201811525232.3A CN201811525232A CN109604124B CN 109604124 B CN109604124 B CN 109604124B CN 201811525232 A CN201811525232 A CN 201811525232A CN 109604124 B CN109604124 B CN 109604124B
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王文龙
林贻海
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China National Offshore Oil Corp CNOOC
CNOOC China Ltd Zhanjiang Branch
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，防腐涂层由环氧底漆、聚丙烯热收缩带和环氧玻璃钢防护层组成。其特征在于其施工工艺为：海底管道节点表面清洁除锈→表面预热→底漆涂敷→中频感应加热→用PP热缩带包裹缠绕整个节点→涂刷第1层环氧树脂胶→待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第2层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第1层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第3层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第2层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第4层环氧树脂胶，待表面涂料初凝，继续涂刷第5层环氧树脂胶，初凝后完成该流程。本发明可以解决常规防腐涂层在穿越地层回拖登陆时节点防腐层容易损伤、拖拉脱落，海底管道在回拖过程中因为所受阻力过大而被破坏的问题。

Description

一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法
技术领域
本发明涉及海洋石油工程领域，特别是涉及一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法。
背景技术
海底管道是指海上设施之间以及海上设施与陆地终端之间起到介质运输作用的管道，海底管道节点是指成品海底管道之间的连接处。海底管道常规的节点防腐涂层2种，分别为3LPE防腐层(由环氧底漆和聚乙烯热收缩带组成)和3LPP防腐层(由环氧底漆和聚丙烯热收缩带组成)；在海底管道进行回拖穿越地层时，其节点防腐涂层容易损伤和破坏，严重时甚至会拖拉脱落；不仅会使海底管道外防腐失效，使海底管道得不到保护；且节点防腐层在回拖中脱落，会堵塞海底管道的回拖通道，增大海底管道在回拖过程中的阻力，当海底管道本身回拖受力过大或应力集中时，容易被破坏，致使海底管道穿越地层回拖失败。
其中最相近的检索如下：
国家知识产权局2018年3月9日公开了公开号为CN107774545A的专利文献，一种天然气长输管道防腐方法，其特征在于按如下步骤进行：过渡层涂料的制备：按照重量比为3:2的比例将酚醛环氧树脂胶和有机溶剂置于反应釜充分搅拌混合均匀后，依次加入金属氧化物和邻苯二甲酸酐，混合均匀即得过渡层涂料；功能层涂料的制备：按照重量比为8:1的比例称取适量的聚偏氟乙烯粉末和玄武岩纤维，分别溶解在四氢呋喃溶液中。加热聚偏氟乙烯粉末和四氢呋喃溶液使其溶解，玄武岩纤维超声分散于四氢呋喃溶液中，然后超声混合30-40min后加入纳米膨润土和二硫化钼，混合均匀后得到功能层涂料；涂料的涂布：将过渡层涂料均匀涂于管道壁上，30min后，将功能层涂料与酮类有机溶剂相混合，均匀涂于过渡层材料上，1小时后涂层固化。
再有国家知识产权局2018年11月23日公开了公开号为CN 108869898A的专利文献，一种保温防腐石油管道，其特征在于，所述保温防腐石油管道包括管道外层、设置在所述管道外层一侧上的保护层、设置在所述管道外层另一侧的保温层、设置在所述保温层一侧的管道内层、与所述管道内层一体成型的导流突起、设置在所述管道内层和所述导流突起表面上的防腐蚀层；所述保护层为塑料保护膜层；所述保温层包括反射隔热层、设置在所述反射隔热层一侧的泡沫层、设置在所述泡沫层一侧的橡胶层；所述防腐蚀层为有机硅防腐蚀涂料层。
再有国家知识产权局2018年2月16日公开了公开号为CN 107701856A的专利文献，一种防腐的管道结构，其特征为，包括管道和包覆在管道外部的防腐保护层，管道的截面形状为圆环形结构，防腐保护层的内壁为圆柱体结构且与管道外壁过盈配合，防腐保护层的外壁为正六边形结构，防腐保护层的内壁上均匀设有若干第一凹槽，第一凹槽中设有密封垫，密封垫与管道外壁相贴合。
经过检索，还没有发现有与本发明方法的工艺流程以及组成结构相似的海底管道或管道防腐的方法。
发明内容
为了克服上述之不足，本发明目的在于提供一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其节点防腐涂层由环氧底漆、聚丙烯热收缩带和环氧玻璃钢防护层组成；其施工工艺流程包括：对海底管道节点进行表面清洁除锈→表面预热→底漆涂敷→中频感应加热→用PP热缩带包裹缠绕整个节点→涂刷第1层环氧树脂胶→待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第2层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第1层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第3层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第2层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第4层环氧树脂胶，待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第5层环氧树脂胶,其表面涂料初凝后，即防腐涂层全部完成。
进一步地，所述的对海底管道节点进行表面清洁除锈，其清洁结果要求钢管表面无污染物，除锈等级需要进行检验以使除锈等级满足ISO 8504规范中Sa 2.5要求，且表面锚纹深度满足ISO 8503规范50-100μm范围。
进一步地，所述的底漆涂敷，要在钢管表面底漆涂抹均匀且要满足底漆厚度要大于250μm的要求。
进一步地，所述的中频感应加热，使用中频加热线圈对环氧底漆进行加热，要求受热均匀，且温度要控制在175-210℃范围内，使液态环氧底漆固化。
进一步地，所述的PP热缩带包裹缠绕整个节点，PP热缩带与管体涂层搭接长度满足要求，热缩带包裹完成后，要进行外观检验和电火花检测。
进一步地，所述的涂刷环氧树脂胶和缠绕玻璃纤维布，要求涂刷环氧树脂胶均匀且厚度达到要求，待环氧树脂胶初凝后，再进行缠绕玻璃纤维布，也要均匀缠绕，在这个过程中保证无杂物，以确保环氧玻璃钢防护层的质量。
进一步地，所述的外观检验需要达到：PP热缩带表面应平整、无皱折、无气泡、无烧焦炭化。
进一步地，所述的电火花检测中使用的检漏电压为15kV，电火花检漏仪器按照NACE RP0274规范要求对PP热缩带进行100％检漏，不能发现任何漏点。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐示意图。
其中：1、钢管管体；2、管体涂层；3、环氧底漆；4、聚丙烯热收缩带；5、环氧玻璃钢防护层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅图1，本发明实施例包括：对海底管道节点进行表面清洁除锈，此时进行清洁后，严格对除锈等级进行检验，其中的除锈等级满足ISO 8504规范中Sa 2.5要求，且表面锚纹深度满足ISO 8503规范中50-100μm范围内。其后进行节点处搭接处预处理，预处理完毕后进行表面预热，预热之后才可以在钢管表面进行底漆涂敷，底漆涂抹均匀且厚度要满足底漆厚度大于250μm；涂抹完成后使用中频加热线圈对环氧底漆进行加热，此时要求受热均匀，且温度要控制在175-210℃范围内，目的是使液态环氧底漆固化；底漆进行中频加热完成后，再利用丙烷燃***进行PP热缩带包裹的缠绕，PP热缩带与管体涂层搭接长度满足要求，热缩带包裹完成后，要进行外观检验和电火花检测，确保热缩带安装合格，外观检验要求PP热缩带表面应平整、无皱折、无气泡、无烧焦炭化；而电火花检测要求实用检漏电压为15kV的电火花检漏仪器按照NACE RP 0274规范要求对PP热缩带进行100％检漏，检验至直到不能发现任何漏点；热缩带安装合格后，进行涂刷第二层环氧树脂胶和第一层缠绕玻璃纤维布，待环氧树脂胶初凝后，再进行缠绕玻璃纤维布，也要均匀缠绕；在这个过程中关键需要保证无杂物，然后按照施工工艺逐步进行，以确保环氧玻璃钢防护层的质量；此后的结构为环氧树脂胶、环氧树脂胶、玻璃纤维布、环氧树脂胶、玻璃纤维布、环氧树脂胶、环氧树脂胶，即之后流程为：涂刷第1层环氧树脂胶→待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第2层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第1层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第3层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第2层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第4层环氧树脂胶，待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第5层环氧树脂胶,其表面涂料初凝后，此时该防腐涂层全部完成。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：其节点防腐涂层由环氧底漆、聚丙烯热收缩带和环氧玻璃钢防护层组成；其施工工艺流程包括：对海底管道节点进行表面清洁除锈→表面预热→底漆涂敷→中频感应加热→用PP热缩带包裹缠绕整个节点→涂刷第1层环氧树脂胶→待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第2层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第1层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第3层环氧树脂胶→缠绕第2层玻璃纤维布→涂刷第4层环氧树脂胶，待表面涂料初凝后，继续涂刷第5层环氧树脂胶， 其表面涂料初凝后，即防腐涂层全部完成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述的对海底管道节点进行表面清洁除锈，其清洁结果要求钢管表面无污染物，除锈等级需要进行检验以使除锈等级满足ISO 8504规范中Sa 2.5要求，且表面锚纹深度满足ISO 8503规范中的50-100μm范围。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述的底漆涂敷，要在钢管表面底漆涂抹均匀且要满足底漆厚度要大于250μm的要求。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述的中频感应加热，使用中频加热线圈对环氧底漆进行加热，要求受热均匀，且温度要控制在175-210℃范围内，使液态环氧底漆固化。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述的PP热缩带包裹缠绕整个节点，PP热缩带与管体涂层搭接，热缩带包裹完成后，要进行外观检验和电火花检测。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述的涂刷环氧树脂胶和缠绕玻璃纤维布，要求涂刷环氧树脂胶均匀，待环氧树脂胶初凝后，再进行缠绕玻璃纤维布，也要均匀缠绕，在这个过程中保证无杂物以确保环氧玻璃钢防护层的质量。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述外观检验需要达到使PP热缩带表面平整、无皱折、无气泡、无烧焦炭化。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种海底管道穿越地层登陆的节点防腐方法，其特征在于：所述电火花检测中使用的检漏电压为15kV，电火花检漏仪器按照NACE RP 0274规范要求对PP热缩带进行100％检漏，直到不发现任何漏点。
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