CN109598439A - A method of improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment - Google Patents
A method of improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, including step 1, hydrologic regime and water quality assessment: including step 11, hydrologic regime evaluation, step 12, water quality assessment;Step 2, investigation of pollution sources;Step 3, Water Environment Mathematical Model constructs: including step 31, hydrodynamic model simulation;Step 32, water quality model is simulated;Step 33, ecological simulation: the chlorophyll a in the ecological environment of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment is simulated;Step 4, wind speed auxiliary water enhancement of environment calculates: including step 41, lake region divided, step 42, the simulation of lake region hydrodynamic model: each lake region divided to step 41 is according to wind speed incremental manner, hydrodynamic model calculating, step 43 are carried out to each wind speed, best wind speed is found.Different the present invention is based on wind speed change situation to shallow lake status water quality, go after profits and advoid disadvantages, it will are the innovations of one, water environment field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water environment ecological protection fields, hydraulic engineering, especially a kind of to assist shallow lake using wind speed
The method that water environment improves.
Background technique
With the fast development of China's urban population sharp increase and industrial and agricultural production, the eutrophy of Municipal shallow lake
Change increasingly sharpens, and has become serious urban environment ecological problem, studies the genesis mechanism of eutrophication, forming process and anti-
Measure is controlled, the improvement and protection of urban water-body are accelerated, for ensureing that the sustainable development in city has important society and economy
Meaning.
Water eutrophication is that water body has received the nutriments such as excessive nitrogen, phosphorus, keeps algae and other water plants different
Often breeding, causes water transparency to reduce, and oxygen in water decline, water quality deterioration and a series of water ecology structures are destroyed and function
The process that can be degenerated.
Urban water-body is the main water source of urban industry and domestic water, and eutrophication increases organic matter in water body, disease
Opportunistic pathogen is multiplied, and generates harmful algae toxin, jeopardizes the safety of drinking water.Urban water-body has important urban ecological function,
Eutrophication can destroy its structure.The autotrophys planktonic organism such as algae, after the limitation for relieving the nutrients such as phosphorus, mass propagation
It is paved with the water surface, blocks light to transmit to the bottom, phytobenthon photosynthesis is made to be obstructed, the burst size of oxygen is reduced, and in addition works as algae
Mass propagation and when nutrition exhaustion, it may occur that Large Scale Death when necron is decomposed by the microorganisms, can consume a large amount of oxygen, two
The result of kind effect reduces the concentration of oxygen in water.The reduction of dissolved oxygen concentration can cause aquatic animal, especially fish
Death.The bottom forms anaerobic condition when serious, and under the action of bacterium, sulphur is reduced into as toxic sulfhydryl compound, adds
Some algae itself distribute fishy smell foreign odor, so that water body is smelt as of rotten fish unpleasant.The final development of eutrophication will make water body storage capacity because having
Machine object residue deposits and reduces, and water ecology structure is destroyed, and biological chain fracture, species tend to single, and function of water body is degenerated.
Urban water-body is the important place of City Humanities and natural landscape element and amusement and recreation, eutrophication water, the green blanket of formation,
Water quality is set to become muddy, transparency reduction, some algae distribute foreign odor, and water body anaerobic processes can generate toxic gas, these processes make
Water body sensory properties is greatly reduced.
The eutrophication problem of Municipal shallow lake has been seriously endangered to China's urban water supply and ecological environment and sustainable
Development.The excessive input of the reason of generating eutrophication mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, especially water plant limitative nutrient phosphorus.
The key for into water systems'phosphorus, hardly exchanging with atmosphere, therefore administering eutrophication is the phosphorus of water body to be cut down.Due to the dirt of phosphorus
Dye is mainly point-source pollution, adheres to promoting washing powder from watershed management in city and prohibiting phosphorus, and carry out life and trade effluent
Pipeline retention processing is the key that cut down phosphorus.At the same time, using biological prosthetic measure, zooplankter and grass are launched to water body
Feeding fish is the eutrophication for inhibiting water body, the effective ways for preventing wawter bloom from occurring.Floating on water plantation has utility value
Aquatic and terrestrial plant, not only it is removable leak water in nutritive salt, but also can improve in water ecological, be conducive to rebuild the ecological balance, be formed
Water body Natural Circulation.
If but wind speed can be considered to water environmental impact, it will assist the water environment of shallow lake to change to a certain extent
It is kind.
Summary of the invention
It is assisted in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of using wind speed
The method that shallow lake water environment improves, the difference of the method based on wind speed improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment
Situation is changed to shallow lake status water quality, is gone after profits and advoided disadvantages, it will is the innovation of one, water environment field.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A method of improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, is included the following steps.
Step 1, hydrologic regime and water quality assessment, including following two steps.
Step 11, hydrologic regime is evaluated, lake in basin perimeter involved by the shallow lake to be improved to water environment or
River carries out hydrologic regime evaluation using the following two kinds method.
A) directly self registering close with hydrometric station for possessing lake or river where the hydrometric station of discharge record
3 years hydrographic datas finally obtain respective lake or river in different rainfall fractions into Hydrological Data Analysis
Rainwash.
B) for not setting up the lake or river at hydrometric station, nearly 30 years or more in the basin perimeter of shallow lake drops are collected
Rainfall data, and watershed carries out the calculating of P-III curve, obtains the flow in each lake or river.
Step 12, water quality assessment: basin involved by the shallow lake to be improved to water environment is collected within the scope of small watershed
3 ~ 5 years data of water quality monitoring, carry out full metrics evaluation.
Step 2, investigation of pollution sources: nearly 2 years industry, sewage in the basin perimeter of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment
Factory, population, aquaculture, planting industry pollutant discharge amount calculated, and carry out subregion statistics.
Step 3, Water Environment Mathematical Model constructs: carrying out numerical simulation to shallow lake, analog content includes hydrodynamic force mould
Pattern is quasi-, water quality model is simulated and ecological simulation;Physical simulation method is as follows:
Step 31, hydrodynamic model is simulated: upstream is flow control boundary condition, and downstream is water level control boundary condition;It will step
Rainwash in rapid 1 after the measured discharge over the years in lake corresponding to shallow lake upstream or river or conversion is as upstream
Boundary;Using the water level in several tributaries in shallow lake downstream as downstream boundary condition.
Step 32, water quality model is simulated: the pollutant discharge amount that step 2 investigation is obtained is as pollution sources;By step 12
Wherein the water quality assessment data substitution water quality model of a year and a day is calculated in middle water quality assessment result.
Step 33, ecological simulation: the chlorophyll a in the ecological environment of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment carries out mould
It is quasi-, analogy method are as follows: the concentration data of synchronization shallow lake Determination of Chlorophyll a is applied into the moment model and is calculated, to mould
Type carries out calibration, obtains the relevant parameter of model, wherein model includes the hydrodynamic model and water that step 31 and step 32 construct
Matter model;It is calculated with model of the model parameter after calibration to other periods, when model calculating is consistent with measured data
Afterwards, then it is assumed that the success of model calibration, abbreviation calibration model, calibration model will be used to predict the dense of certain following moment chlorophyll a
Degree.
Step 4, the enhancement of environment of wind speed auxiliary water calculate: step 31 construct hydrodynamic model in, other conditions not
Become in the case where only changing wind speed, study influence of the different wind speed to water concentration in shallow lake, water concentration influences packet
The variation of water concentration field distribution and water concentration size is included, until the best wind speed of disturbance water quality is searched out, in best wind speed
When, water quality is optimal;Best wind speed finding method is as follows:
Step 41, lake region divides: water environment shallow lake to be improved is divided into lake region several different.
Step 42, lake region hydrodynamic model is simulated: each lake region that step 41 is divided according to following wind speed incremental manner,
Hydrodynamic model calculating is carried out to each wind speed, wind speed incremental manner includes:
Step 42a: when wind speed is between 0 ~ 1m/s, since 0m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 0.2m/s.
Step 42b: when wind speed is between 1 ~ 2m/s, since 1m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 0.5m/s.
Step 42c: when wind speed is between 2 ~ 5m/s, since 2m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 1m/s.
Step 42d: when wind speed is greater than 5m/s, since 5m/s, wind speed 2nM/s carries out incremental, wherein n > 1.
Step 43, best wind speed is found: if different lake regions water concentration is relatively uniform, then it is assumed that lake water quality is more equal
Even, wind speed at this time is best wind speed.
In step 12, after full metrics evaluation, project not up to standard is filtered out, then to the project not up to standard filtered out according to withered rich
It is flat to carry out nearly 3 ~ 5 years water quality process evaluations, exceeding standard rate evaluation and times of ultra standard evaluation.
In step 12, the evaluation criterion of full metrics evaluation is " water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) ".
In step 4, by changing wind direction, the best wind speed under different wind directions is found.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the differences based on wind speed to change situation to shallow lake status water quality, goes after profit or gain
Keep away evil, it will be the innovation of one, water environment field.By the variation of wind speed, so as to judge that wind speed is conducive to water ring
Border improves, which type of wind speed is unfavorable for water environment improvement, saves the capital investment that water environment improves, and builds eco-friendly
Type society.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of total phosphorus concentration field in the XuanWu Lake.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of total nitrogen concentration field in the XuanWu Lake.
Fig. 3 shows that different lake region total phosphorus are with the variation diagram of wind speed in the XuanWu Lake.
Fig. 4 shows that different lake region total nitrogens are with the variation diagram of wind speed in the XuanWu Lake.
Specific embodiment
With regard to specific better embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below.
A method of improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, is included the following steps.
Step 1, hydrologic regime and water quality assessment, including following two steps.
Step 11, hydrologic regime is evaluated, lake in basin perimeter involved by the shallow lake to be improved to water environment or
River carries out hydrologic regime evaluation using the following two kinds method.
A) directly self registering close with hydrometric station for possessing lake or river where the hydrometric station of discharge record
3 years hydrographic datas finally obtain respective lake or river in different rainfall fractions into Hydrological Data Analysis
Rainwash.
Above-mentioned Hydrological Data Analysis preferably includes SEA LEVEL VARIATION trend analysis and flow and flow speed characteristic analysis etc..
B) for not setting up the lake or river at hydrometric station, nearly 30 years or more in the basin perimeter of shallow lake drops are collected
Rainfall data, and watershed carries out the calculating of P-III curve, obtains the flow in each lake or river.
Step 12, water quality assessment: basin involved by the shallow lake to be improved to water environment, collection small watershed (including lake
Pool, river or land etc.) 3 ~ 5 years data of water quality monitoring in range, preferably according to " water environment quality standard (GB3838-
2002) " carry out full metrics evaluation, after full metrics evaluation, filter out project not up to standard, then to the project not up to standard filtered out according to
Withered Feng Ping carries out nearly 3 ~ 5 years water quality process evaluations, exceeding standard rate evaluation and times of ultra standard evaluation.
Step 2, investigation of pollution sources: nearly 2 years statistical yearbooks in the basin perimeter of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment
And the related datas, environmental protection administration such as population, cultivated area, Animal husbandry production situation in national economy and social development statistical communique
Pollutant source investigation data, environmental statistics data, according to respective calculation method industry, sewage plant, population, aquaculture, planting industry
Pollutant discharge amount calculated, and carry out subregion statistics.
Step 3, Water Environment Mathematical Model constructs: carrying out numerical simulation to shallow lake, analog content includes hydrodynamic force mould
Pattern is quasi-, water quality model is simulated and ecological simulation;Physical simulation method is as follows:
Step 31, hydrodynamic model is simulated: upstream is flow control boundary condition, and downstream is water level control boundary condition;It will step
Rainwash in rapid 1 after the measured discharge over the years in lake corresponding to shallow lake upstream or river or conversion is as upstream
Boundary;Using the water level in several tributaries in shallow lake downstream as downstream boundary condition.
Step 32, water quality model is simulated: the pollutant discharge amount that step 2 investigation is obtained is as pollution sources;By step 12
Wherein the water quality assessment data substitution water quality model of a year and a day is calculated in middle water quality assessment result.
Step 33, ecological simulation: the chlorophyll a in the ecological environment of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment carries out mould
It is quasi-, analogy method are as follows: the concentration data of synchronization shallow lake Determination of Chlorophyll a is applied into the moment model and is calculated, to mould
Type carries out calibration, obtains the relevant parameter of model, wherein model includes the hydrodynamic model and water that step 31 and step 32 construct
Matter model;It is calculated with model of the model parameter after calibration to other periods, when model calculating is consistent with measured data
Afterwards, then it is assumed that the success of model calibration, abbreviation calibration model, calibration model will be used to predict the dense of certain following moment chlorophyll a
Degree.
Step 4, the enhancement of environment of wind speed auxiliary water calculate: step 31 construct hydrodynamic model in, other conditions not
Become in the case where only changing wind speed, study influence of the different wind speed to water concentration in shallow lake, water concentration influences packet
The variation of water concentration field distribution and water concentration size is included, until the best wind speed of disturbance water quality is searched out, in best wind speed
When, water quality is optimal;Best wind speed finding method is as follows:
Step 41, lake region divides: water environment shallow lake to be improved is divided into lake region several different.
In the present invention, by taking the XuanWu Lake as an example, be illustrated, such as by the XuanWu Lake be divided into northeast lake, southeast lake, northwest lake and
Southwestern lake.As an alternative, can also have other division modes.
Step 42, lake region hydrodynamic model is simulated: each lake region that step 41 is divided according to following wind speed incremental manner,
Hydrodynamic model calculating is carried out to each wind speed, wind speed incremental manner includes:
Step 42a: when wind speed is between 0 ~ 1m/s, since 0m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 0.2m/s.
Step 42b: when wind speed is between 1 ~ 2m/s, since 1m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 0.5m/s.
Step 42c: when wind speed is between 2 ~ 5m/s, since 2m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 1m/s.
Step 42d: when wind speed is greater than 5m/s, since 5m/s, wind speed 2nM/s carries out incremental, wherein n > 1.
Step 43, best wind speed is found: if different lake regions water concentration is relatively uniform, then it is assumed that lake water quality is more equal
Even, wind speed at this time is best wind speed.
By taking the calculated result of the Nanjing XuanWu Lake as an example, according to wind speed 0m/s, 0.5m/s, 1m/s, 2m/ under southwester
S, 3m/s, 6m/s, 9m/s, 12m/s, 18m/s, 30m/s have calculated separately the concentration field and concentration value of total phosphorus and total nitrogen,
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the results show that between 0 ~ 3m/s, full Lake Water concentration shows first to reduce to be increased afterwards, water concentration
The smallest best wind speed of difference is 1m/s;Faint growth trend is presented in full Lake Water concentration after wind speed is greater than 3m/s, and shows
Tend to maximum value.
In figs. 3 and 4, NE lake is northeast Lake Water concentration, and SE lake is southeast Lake Water concentration, NW lake
For northwest Lake Water concentration, SW lake is southwestern Lake Water concentration, and ave. is that full lake is averaged water concentration.
Step 44, the best wind speed under different wind directions is found according to step 41 to 43 by changing wind direction.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail a variety of equivalents can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, this
A little equivalents all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1, hydrologic regime and water quality assessment, including following two steps:
Step 11, hydrologic regime is evaluated, the lake or river in basin perimeter involved by the shallow lake to be improved to water environment,
Hydrologic regime evaluation is carried out using the following two kinds method:
A) for possessing lake or river where the hydrometric station of discharge record, directly with self registering nearly 3 years of hydrometric station
Hydrographic data into Hydrological Data Analysis, finally obtain the earth's surface of respective lake or river in different rainfall fractions
Runoff;
B) for not setting up the lake or river at hydrometric station, nearly 30 years or more in the basin perimeter of shallow lake rainfalls are collected
Data, and watershed carries out the calculating of P-III curve, obtains the flow in each lake or river;
Step 12, water quality assessment: 3 ~ 5 within the scope of small watershed are collected in basin involved by the shallow lake to be improved to water environment
Year data of water quality monitoring, carries out full metrics evaluation;
Step 2, investigation of pollution sources: nearly 2 years industry, sewage plant, people in the basin perimeter of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment
Mouth, aquaculture, planting industry pollutant discharge amount calculated, and carry out subregion statistics;
Step 3, Water Environment Mathematical Model constructs: carrying out numerical simulation to shallow lake, analog content includes hydrodynamic model mould
Quasi-, water quality model simulation and ecological simulation;Physical simulation method is as follows:
Step 31, hydrodynamic model is simulated: upstream is flow control boundary condition, and downstream is water level control boundary condition;It will step
Rainwash in rapid 1 after the measured discharge over the years in lake corresponding to shallow lake upstream or river or conversion is as upstream
Boundary;
Using the water level in several tributaries in shallow lake downstream as downstream boundary condition;
Step 32, water quality model is simulated: the pollutant discharge amount that step 2 investigation is obtained is as pollution sources;By water in step 12
Wherein the water quality assessment data substitution water quality model of a year and a day is calculated in matter evaluation result;
Step 33, ecological simulation: the chlorophyll a in the ecological environment of the shallow lake to be improved to water environment is simulated, mould
Quasi- method are as follows: the concentration data of synchronization shallow lake Determination of Chlorophyll a is applied into the moment model and is calculated, model is carried out
Calibration obtains the relevant parameter of model, wherein model includes the hydrodynamic model and water quality mould that step 31 and step 32 construct
Type;It is calculated with model of the model parameter after calibration to other periods, after model calculating is consistent with measured data, then
Think the success of model calibration, abbreviation calibration model, calibration model will be used to predict the concentration of certain following moment chlorophyll a;
Step 4, the enhancement of environment of wind speed auxiliary water calculates: constant only in other conditions in the hydrodynamic model that step 31 constructs
In the case where changing wind speed, influence of the different wind speed to water concentration in shallow lake is studied, water concentration influences to include water
The variation of matter distribution of concentration and water concentration size, until searching out the best wind speed of disturbance water quality, in best wind speed, water
Matter is optimal;Best wind speed finding method is as follows:
Step 41, lake region divides: water environment shallow lake to be improved is divided into lake region several different;
Step 42, lake region hydrodynamic model simulate: to step 41 divide each lake region according to following wind speed incremental manner, to every
A wind speed carries out hydrodynamic model calculating, and wind speed incremental manner includes:
Step 42a: when wind speed is between 0 ~ 1m/s, since 0m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 0.2m/s;
Step 42b: when wind speed is between 1 ~ 2m/s, since 1m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 0.5m/s;
Step 42c: when wind speed is between 2 ~ 5m/s, since 2m/s, wind speed carries out incremental according to 1m/s;
Step 42d: when wind speed is greater than 5m/s, since 5m/s, wind speed 2nM/s carries out incremental, wherein n > 1;
Step 43, best wind speed is found: if different lake regions water concentration is relatively uniform, then it is assumed that and lake water quality is more uniform,
Wind speed at this time is best wind speed.
2. the method according to claim 1 improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, it is characterised in that: step
In 12, after full metrics evaluation, project not up to standard is filtered out, then nearly 3 ~ 5 are carried out according to withered Feng Ping to the project not up to standard filtered out
Year water quality process evaluation, exceeding standard rate evaluation and times of ultra standard evaluation.
3. the method according to claim 2 improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, it is characterised in that: step
In 12, the evaluation criterion of full metrics evaluation is " water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) ".
4. the method according to claim 1 improved using wind speed auxiliary shallow lake water environment, it is characterised in that: step
In 4, by changing wind direction, the best wind speed under different wind directions is found.
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