CN109597301B - Main steam temperature optimization control method for coke dry quenching waste heat boiler - Google Patents
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
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Abstract
The invention relates to a main steam temperature optimization control method of a coke dry quenching waste heat boiler, which introduces the temperature of inert gas at an inlet of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler as feed-forward quantity and corrects a feed-forward gain coefficient K according to the variation trend of the temperature of the inert gas at the inlet; judging whether the throttle is in a discontinuous flow change area or not according to the change trend of the temperature-reducing water outlet and the change trend of the command of the temperature-reducing water throttle, if the throttle is in an insensitive flow change area, the proportional coefficient and the integral time parameter of the sub-regulation PID are changed in a self-adaptive manner, and the sub-regulation PID rapidly passes through the insensitive flow change area; and judging whether the deviation of the main steam temperature exceeds a preset threshold value or not according to the deviation of the measured value of the main steam temperature and a set value, wherein when the deviation of the main steam temperature exceeds the threshold value and the main steam temperature is too high, the PID feedforward numerical value of the locking auxiliary regulation is reduced, and when the deviation of the steam temperature exceeds the threshold value and the main steam temperature is too low, the PID feedforward numerical value of the locking auxiliary regulation is increased, only the feedback regulation function is kept, and the main steam temperature is stabilized to the set value as soon as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method, in particular to a self-adaptive optimization control method for main steam temperature variable parameters of a coke dry quenching waste heat boiler, and belongs to the technical field of main steam temperature control of waste heat boilers of coke dry quenching waste heat generator sets.
Background
The coke dry quenching waste heat boiler absorbs the heat of the red coke through inert gas and transfers the heat to the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler for power generation. The main steam temperature adjusting process of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler is a typical large-delay process link, a heated object is a multi-capacity and large-inertia system, and a controlled system has serious nonlinear and time-varying characteristics; the heat change of the dry quenching waste heat boiler, the nonlinear flow of the temperature-reducing water regulating valve and the like bring a lot of difficulties to the main steam temperature regulation. At present, a cascade PID control strategy taking main steam temperature as main regulation and outlet temperature of a temperature reduction water regulating valve as auxiliary regulation is widely adopted in a main steam temperature control system of a coke dry quenching waste heat boiler, and although a certain control effect is obtained in most of time compared with manual control, under complex working conditions of heat fluctuation of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler, discontinuous flow of the temperature reduction water regulating valve and the like, the main steam temperature control often cannot achieve an ideal effect, and manual intervention of operators is needed.
In order to overcome the defects that the main steam temperature fluctuation is large due to the characteristics of large lag and time-varying nonlinearity of a main steam temperature control object of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler, and a main steam temperature automatic regulating loop cannot be safely and stably put into operation for a long time under relatively complicated working conditions, automatic debugging workers at home and abroad try to introduce various control methods into main steam temperature control. In recent years, researchers provide a composite control method based on a genetic algorithm and a neural network, such as PID control, fuzzy self-adaptive prediction function control, state variable _ prediction control, neural immune feedback control and the like, and a better control effect is obtained on a simulation system platform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-adaptive optimization control method for main steam temperature variable parameters of a coke dry quenching waste heat boiler aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the method is suitable for a DCS (distributed control system), the working intensity of field operators can be reduced, the adjustment quality of the main steam temperature is improved, and the economical efficiency and the safety of unit operation are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows, the main steam temperature optimization control method of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring the temperature of inert gas at an inlet of a dry quenching waste heat boiler in real time, and calculating the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler by adopting a numerical analysis algorithm;
step 2: judging whether the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler exceeds a preset value a0 or is lower than a preset value a1 in the step 1; if the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet is lower than a preset value a1, selecting a feedforward gain coefficient Kmin, otherwise, selecting a feedforward gain coefficient Knor, and finally obtaining a feedforward gain coefficient K;
and step 3: multiplying the temperature of inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler by a feedforward gain coefficient K to be used as a feedforward signal of an auxiliary regulating PID, adding the feedforward signal and the calculation result of the cascade PID, and jointly acting on the control output of a temperature reducing water regulating valve;
and 4, step 4: obtaining the temperature T of the desuperheating water outlet and a desuperheating water regulating door instruction OP, and calculating the amplitude of the temperature change of the desuperheating water outlet by adopting a numerical analysis algorithm when the step change of the desuperheating water regulating door instruction is calculated: | Δ T/Δ OP |;
and 5: judging whether the |. delta T/delta OP | in the step 4 is lower than a preset value a2, if the |. delta T/delta OP | is lower than a preset value a2, indicating that the flow is not continuous in the range of the gate regulating instruction, preferably selecting a group of PID parameters (Kp1, Ki1) with larger proportional coefficients and integration time, and quickly passing through a gate regulating flow insensitive area; if | Δ T/Δ OP | is higher than the predetermined value a2, indicating that the flow rate is continuous within the range of the gating command, it is preferable to select a set of PID parameters (Kp2, Ki2) with relatively small proportional coefficients and integration time;
step 6: the measured value of the main steam temperature is PV, the set value of the main steam temperature is SP, and whether | PV-SP | is greater than a3 is judged; if PV-SP ≧ a3 and PV is greater than SP, this represents that the main steam temperature is higher, correspondingly blocks the decrease of the PID feedforward quantity of the subsidiary modulation; if PV-SP ≧ a3 and PV is less than SP, this indicates that the main steam temperature is lower, correspondingly locking the increase in the subsidiary modulation PID feed forward amount.
As an improvement of the invention, in the step 1, the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is calculated as the data change rate in one minute.
In the step 2, a0=2, a1=0.5, and the variation range of the gain coefficient K of the inert gas temperature feedforward at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is [0.1,0.2 ]; and when the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is more than 2, K = Kmax =0.2, when the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is less than 0.5, K = Kmin =0.1, otherwise K = Knor = 0.15.
As an improvement of the present invention, in step 5, a typical stable working condition is selected, the step length of the step change of the opening command Δ OP of the temperature-reducing water regulating valve is 5, and the amplitude of the step response change of the temperature-reducing water outlet is calculated. a2 is the average value of 20 | Δ T/Δ OP | values multiplied by 0.85, if a certain group | Δ T/Δ OP | value is lower than a2, it is determined that the flow rate is not continuous within the range of the gating command, the cascade control secondary loop selects a PID parameter (Kp1, Ki1) with larger proportional coefficient and larger integration time, otherwise another PID parameter (Kp2, Ki2) is selected; kp1 value is selected to be 1.5-2 times Kp2, and Ki1 value is selected to be 2-3 times Ki 2.
As a modification of the present invention, in step 6, setting a3=5, when the main steam temperature exceeds the set value by 5 degrees, the decrease of the feedforward quantity of the secondary governor PID is blocked, and the feedforward action is prevented from decreasing to close the governor, which results in further increase of the main steam temperature; when the main steam temperature is lower than the set value by 5 ℃, the increase of the feedforward quantity of the auxiliary adjusting PID is locked, and the feedforward action is prevented from increasing to open the adjusting door, so that the main steam temperature is further reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the technical scheme considers that the change of factors such as red coke, low-temperature inert gas and the like influences the temperature of the inert gas at the inlet of the waste heat boiler and finally influences the temperature of main steam, the temperature of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is introduced into the main steam temperature regulating loop to be used as a feedforward signal, self-adaptive variable parameter processing is carried out on feedforward gain, discontinuous self-adaptive variable parameters of the flow of the temperature reducing water regulating valve and the feedforward item direction locking function of a PID regulator are added, the working strength of field operating personnel is effectively reduced, the regulating quality of the main steam temperature is improved, the economical efficiency and the safety of unit operation are improved, and the requirement that the main steam temperature automatic regulating loop of the dry quenching waste heat boiler can be safely and stably put into operation for a long time under relatively complex working conditions is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the principle of main steam temperature control;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the historical trend of the main steam temperature change before the optimization control method is adopted;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the historical trend of the main steam temperature change after the optimization control method is adopted.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
for the purpose of enhancing an understanding of the present invention, the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-3, a method for optimally controlling the main steam temperature of a coke dry quenching waste heat boiler comprises the following steps,
step 1: obtaining the temperature of inert gas at the inlet of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler in real time, and calculating the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler by adopting a numerical analysis algorithm;
step 2: judging whether the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler exceeds a preset value a0 or is lower than a preset value a1 in the step 1; if the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet is lower than a preset value a1, selecting a feedforward gain coefficient Kmin, otherwise, selecting a feedforward gain coefficient Knor, and finally obtaining a feedforward gain coefficient K;
and step 3: as shown in figure 1, the temperature of inert gas at the inlet of a dry quenching waste heat boiler is multiplied by a feedforward gain coefficient K to be used as a feedforward signal of an auxiliary regulating PID, and the feedforward signal is added with the operation result of a cascade PID to jointly act on the control output of a temperature reducing water regulating valve;
and 4, step 4: obtaining the temperature T of the desuperheating water outlet and a desuperheating water regulating door instruction OP, and calculating the amplitude of the temperature change of the desuperheating water outlet by adopting a numerical analysis algorithm when the step change of the desuperheating water regulating door instruction is calculated: | Δ T/Δ OP |;
and 5: judging whether the |. delta T/delta OP | in the step 4 is lower than a preset value a2, if the |. delta T/delta OP | is lower than a preset value a2, indicating that the flow of the desuperheating water is not continuous in the range of the throttle command, selecting a group of PID parameters (Kp1, Ki1) with larger proportional coefficients and integration time, and quickly passing through a throttle flow insensitive area; if | Δ T/Δ OP | is higher than the predetermined value a2, indicating that the flow of the temperature-reduced water is continuous within the range of the gating command, it is preferable to select a set of PID parameters (Kp2, Ki2) with relatively small proportional coefficients and relatively small integration time;
step 6: and determining whether the measured value of the main steam temperature is PV and the set value of the main steam temperature is SP, and determining whether | PV-SP | is greater than a 3. If PV-SP ≧ a3 and PV is greater than SP, this represents that the main steam temperature is higher, correspondingly blocks the decrease of the PID feedforward quantity of the subsidiary modulation; if PV-SP | > a3 and PV is less than SP, the main steam temperature is lower, and the increase of the PID feedforward quantity of the secondary regulation is correspondingly blocked;
in the step 1, the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is calculated and is the data change rate in one minute.
In step 2, a0=2, a1=0.5, and the gain coefficient K of the dry quenching exhaust-heat boiler inlet inert gas temperature feed-forward varies in the range of [0.1,0.2 ]. And when the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is more than 2, K = Kmax =0.2, when the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is less than 0.5, K = Kmin =0.1, otherwise K = Knor = 0.15.
In step 5, a typical stable working condition is selected, the step length of the step change of the opening instruction delta OP of the temperature-reducing water regulating valve is 5, and the amplitude of the step response change of the temperature-reducing water outlet is calculated. a2 is the average of 20 sets of | Δ T/Δ OP | values multiplied by 0.85. If a certain group | Δ T/Δ OP | is lower than a2, it is determined that the flow rate is not continuous within the range of the gating command, the cascade control secondary loop selects a PID parameter (Kp1, Ki1) with a larger proportional coefficient and a larger integration time, otherwise another PID parameter (Kp2, Ki2) is selected. Kp1 value is selected to be 1.5-2 times Kp2, and Ki1 value is selected to be 2-3 times Ki 2.
In step 6, setting a3=5, when the main steam temperature exceeds the set value by 5 degrees, locking the reduction of the feedforward quantity of the auxiliary regulation PID, preventing the feedforward action from reducing and closing the regulating valve, and further increasing the main steam temperature; when the main steam temperature is lower than the set value by 5 ℃, the increase of the feedforward quantity of the auxiliary adjusting PID is locked, and the feedforward action is prevented from increasing to open the adjusting door, so that the main steam temperature is further reduced.
Fig. 2 and fig. 3 are twelve-hour history graphs before and after the application of the present invention, the operation conditions are basically similar, in fig. 2, the main steam temperature value changes between [428.5213,451.8142], the average value is 439.5579, the mean square error is 3.8071, the middle is cut manually for many times, and the main steam temperature fluctuation is large;
referring to fig. 3, the main steam temperature varies between [438.1603, 449.2659], the mean value is 445.0127, the mean square error is 1.53272, no manual operation is performed in the middle, and the main steam temperature fluctuation is small. By analyzing the historical curve data in fig. 2 and fig. 3, after the optimization control method of the invention is applied, the fluctuation range of the main steam temperature is obviously reduced, the situation of automatic cutting does not occur, the average value of the main steam temperature is improved by more than 5 degrees, and the automatic adjustment effect is greatly improved compared with the effect without the invention.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications and substitutions based on the above-mentioned technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A main steam temperature optimization control method for a coke dry quenching waste heat boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring the temperature of inert gas at an inlet of a dry quenching waste heat boiler in real time, and calculating the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler by adopting a numerical analysis algorithm;
step 2: judging whether the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler exceeds a preset value a0 or is lower than a preset value a1 in the step 1; if the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet is lower than a preset value a1, selecting a feedforward gain coefficient Kmin, otherwise, selecting a feedforward gain coefficient Knor, and finally obtaining a feedforward gain coefficient K;
and step 3: multiplying the temperature of inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler by a feedforward gain coefficient K to be used as a feedforward signal of an auxiliary regulating PID, adding the feedforward signal and the calculation result of the cascade PID, and jointly acting on the control output of a temperature reducing water regulating valve;
and 4, step 4: obtaining the temperature T of the desuperheating water outlet and a desuperheating water regulating door instruction OP, and calculating the amplitude of the temperature change of the desuperheating water outlet by adopting a numerical analysis algorithm when the step change of the desuperheating water regulating door instruction is calculated: | Δ T/Δ OP |;
and 5: judging whether the |. delta T/delta OP | in the step 4 is lower than a preset value a2, if the |. delta T/delta OP | is lower than a preset value a2, indicating that the flow is not continuous in the range of the gate regulating instruction, preferably selecting a group of PID parameters (Kp1, Ki1) with larger proportional coefficients and integration time, and quickly passing through a gate regulating flow insensitive area; if | Δ T/Δ OP | is higher than the predetermined value a2, indicating that the flow rate is continuous within the range of the gating command, selecting a set of PID parameters (Kp2, Ki2) with relatively small proportional coefficients and integration time;
step 6: the measured value of the main steam temperature is PV, the set value of the main steam temperature is SP, and whether | PV-SP | is greater than a3 is judged; if PV-SP ≧ a3 and PV is greater than SP, this represents that the main steam temperature is higher, correspondingly blocks the decrease of the PID feedforward quantity of the subsidiary modulation; if PV-SP ≧ a3 and PV is less than SP, this indicates that the main steam temperature is lower, correspondingly locking the increase in the subsidiary modulation PID feed forward amount.
2. The dry quenching waste heat boiler main steam temperature optimization control method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1,
and calculating the temperature rise rate of the inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler as the data change rate in one minute.
3. The main steam temperature optimization control method for the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 2, a0 is 2, a1 is 0.5, and the variation range of the gain coefficient K of the inert gas temperature feed-forward at the inlet of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler is [0.1,0.2 ]; when the temperature rise rate of inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is more than 2, K is 0.2 when Kmax is 0.2, and K is 0.1 when the temperature rise rate of inert gas at the inlet of the dry quenching waste heat boiler is less than 0.5, otherwise K is 0.15 when Knor.
4. The method for optimally controlling the main steam temperature of the coke dry quenching waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step 5, a2 is the average value of 20 | Δ T/Δ OP | values multiplied by 0.85, if the value of a certain group | Δ T/Δ OP | is lower than a2, the flow rate is judged to be less continuous in the gating command range, the cascade control secondary loop selects a PID parameter (Kp1, Ki1) with a larger proportional coefficient and a larger integration time, otherwise another PID parameter (Kp2, Ki2) is selected; kp1 value was selected to be 1.5-2 times Kp2, and Ki1 value was selected to be 2-3 times Ki 2.
5. The dry quenching exhaust-heat boiler main steam temperature optimization control method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that in the step 6, a3 is set to be 5, when the main steam temperature exceeds the set value by 5 degrees, the decrease of the feedforward quantity of the auxiliary adjusting PID is blocked, the feedforward action is prevented from decreasing, and the adjusting door is closed, so that the main steam temperature is further increased; when the main steam temperature is lower than the set value by 5 ℃, the increase of the feedforward quantity of the auxiliary adjusting PID is locked, and the feedforward action is prevented from increasing to open the adjusting door, so that the main steam temperature is further reduced.
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