CN109596370B - Spraying test system - Google Patents
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- CN109596370B CN109596370B CN201811406611.0A CN201811406611A CN109596370B CN 109596370 B CN109596370 B CN 109596370B CN 201811406611 A CN201811406611 A CN 201811406611A CN 109596370 B CN109596370 B CN 109596370B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection spray test detection, and particularly relates to a spray test system. The testing system is provided with pressure by an air compressor, the pressure of a spray head is adjusted by a pressure adjusting valve to spray, the spray head is fixed on a sliding table of a three-dimensional testing bench through a circumferential rotating mechanism, the spraying angle and the spraying direction of the spray head can be adjusted, a high-speed camera measures the spraying process, the light intensity is adjusted through a light source on the other side of the testing bench, a PDPA system measures the speed and the particle size of fog drops, and finally the spraying effect, the fog drop deposition and the fog drop drift condition are detected through a variable dielectric constant capacitance sensor scattered on the three-dimensional testing bench; the invention solves the problems of inconvenient adjustment of the inclination angle of the spray head and complex and low-efficiency detection of the spray effect of the existing spray test system, and is suitable for various atomized spraying and spray nozzle jet fluid characteristic tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection spray test detection, and particularly relates to a spray test system.
Background
The plant protection spraying effect influences the use efficiency of the pesticide and the crop yield, and the use amount of the pesticide has great influence on the environment. The parameters of droplet drift, deposition amount, spray head inclination angle, spray pressure and the like are particularly important in improving the spray atomization effect, reducing pesticide waste and improving the crop yield, and play a guiding role in the design of a novel nozzle. The experimental study on the mechanism of the spray atomization process is an important way for studying relevant fluid theories such as nozzle jet flow, a fluid turbulence theory, spray fluctuation and the like. The comprehensive performance test system can quickly, efficiently and accurately measure related parameters and measure and record more experimental phenomena and experimental parameters, and can better meet various experimental requirements.
At present, in order to measure the atomization process of different spray nozzle inclination angles and different spray directions, the spray nozzle is required to rotate in multiple angles, but the existing spray test bed is not commonly provided with a corresponding rotating mechanism, the existing spray test detects spray deposition and droplet drift, a liquid collecting tank is generally adopted to collect mist, the mist is obtained through subsequent measurement, and a water-sensitive test paper is adopted, so that the structure is complex, the workload is high, the precision is low, and measurable parameters are limited, for example, the two-phase flow spray test bed disclosed in the Chinese patent [ patent No.: CN200420027143.3], moving horizontal spraying liquid medicine deposition distribution testing device [ patent No.: 200610128468.4], a variable spray test stand [ patent No.: 201220242617.0] and rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle spraying performance test bench negative pressure air suction device [ patent no: 201721572927.8], and a device for measuring the fog drop drifting spatial distribution condition in the wind tunnel [ patent number: CN201621481690.8], and test benches using cameras have generally ignored camera measurements for spray atomization processes and ignored nozzle jet-related fluid performance studies, e.g., spray performance combination tests [ patent nos.: 201020190356.2].
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the existing test system, the invention provides a spray test system;
the invention adopts a structure capable of rotating 360 degrees to fix the spray head, the multi-angle measurement and adjustment are more convenient, the high-speed camera is applied to the processes of measuring, analyzing and atomizing, the thickness of a fan-shaped spray liquid film and the like, so that more spray test problems can be solved by the high-speed camera, the sensor is adopted to detect the spraying effect, the droplet deposition and the droplet drift, the method is more efficient, convenient, fast and accurate compared with the method that a common mist collecting groove is used for collecting the droplets and then measuring or measuring the water sensitive paper, detectable parameters are increased, data can be directly output into tables and curve graphs, and parameters such as the droplet deposition, the droplet drift, the droplet speed, the particle size and the like are detected at the same time, the efficiency is high, the error is small, and;
the spraying test system consists of a spraying system, an adjusting system, a measuring system and a control end.
The spraying system comprises an air compressor, a liquid storage tank, a pressure regulating valve and a spray head, wherein the air compressor meets the conditions that the highest exhaust pressure is not less than 1.5MPa and the highest exhaust volume is not less than 280L/min; the volume of the liquid storage tank is not lower than 20L, and the pressure-resistant grade is not lower than 2 MPa; the pressure regulating range of the pressure regulating valve is 0.05-1.0 MPa, and the pressure regulating precision is 0.01 MPa; the spray head can be, but is not limited to, a ball-head fan nozzle, an elliptical fan nozzle, a cone-frustum fan nozzle, a flat-head series fan nozzle, a hollow cone nozzle, a solid cone nozzle, a wide-angle solid cone nozzle, and a LECHLER series nozzle; the air compressor, the liquid storage tank, the pressure regulating valve and the spray head are sequentially connected through a hose, and the pressure resistance of the hose is not lower than 2 MPa; the spraying liquid can be, but is not limited to, water, suspending agent solution, emulsifying agent solution, soluble water solution or mixed solution of the above solutions; the surfaces of the parts of the air compressor, the liquid storage tank, the pressure regulating valve and the spray liquid contact part are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5 mm-1 mm. The spraying system is characterized in that the air compressor provides pressure, the liquid storage tank stores and provides liquid, and the pressure of the spray head is adjusted through the pressure regulating valve to spray.
The adjusting system comprises a three-dimensional test bed and a circumferential rotating mechanism.
The three-dimensional test bench comprises a sliding table, a left guide rail, a right guide rail, an upper guide rail, a lower guide rail and a front guide rail, wherein the sliding table is positioned on the left guide rail and the right guide rail, the position of the sliding table on the left guide rail and the right guide rail can be adjusted electrically or manually, the left guide rail and the right guide rail are positioned on the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail, the position of the left guide rail and the right guide rail on the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail can be adjusted electrically or manually, the lengths of the three guide rails are not less than 3m, the three guide rails can move at fixed points or at constant speed, the fixed point movement precision is 0.1mm, and the constant speed; the left and right guide rails, the upper and lower guide rails and the front and rear guide rails are all provided with length scales, and the precision of the length scales is not less than 0.1 mm; the three-dimensional test bed is used for adjusting the position of the spray head on a three-dimensional space.
The circumferential rotating mechanism comprises a D-shaped ring structure, a nut, a fixing clamp and a bolt, wherein the vertical edge of the D-shaped ring structure is fixed on the sliding table and is connected with the fixing clamp through the bolt and the nut, the fixing clamp fixes the spray head, the fixing clamp is loosened to enable the spray head to flexibly rotate, the spray head is rotated to a required angle, then the fixing clamp is tightened, and the spray head is fixed, so that the spray head can rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction; when the shower nozzle is fixed, through the elasticity and the rotation fixation clamp of adjusting bolt, nut, make the shower nozzle realize that vertical direction 180 rotates, D type ring structure and fixation clamp mark has the scale, and the precision is not less than 1, can measure the information of the spray atomization process at different inclinations, equidirectional through circumferential direction mechanism.
The measuring system comprises an image acquisition device, a PDPA device and a sensor humidity detection device.
The image acquisition device comprises a light source, a diffusion plate and a high-speed camera, wherein the full-resolution pixel value of the high-speed camera is not less than 2M, and the minimum exposure time is not higher than 1 um; the full resolution highest frame frequency is not less than 20000 fps; the light source intensity is not lower than 1000W; the area of the diffusion plate is larger than the measured spraying area, and the thickness of the diffusion plate is not less than 3 mm; the light source, the diffusion plate, the spray head and the high-speed camera are sequentially located on the same straight line, the light source is fixed on one side of the three-dimensional test bed, the angle and the light intensity can be adjusted, the diffusion plate is fixed between the light source and the spray head, the high-speed camera is fixed on the other side of the three-dimensional test bed, image information of spraying processes at different angles can be collected and processed, and information of atomization crushing processes, hole breaking images of different reagents, liquid film thickness and liquid film fluctuation frequency is measured.
The PDPA measuring device comprises a laser transmitter, a receiver, a signal processor and an electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, wherein the laser transmitter and the receiver are arranged on the electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, and the electric three-dimensional coordinate frame and the signal processor are positioned in front of a three-dimensional test bench; according to a specified program on the electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, the laser transmitter can scan and move from front to back or from back to front, the receiver can scan and move from left to right or from right to left, and the laser transmitter and the receiver can scan and move from top to bottom or from bottom to top simultaneously; the laser transmitter transmits incident light to the fog drops, and the receiver receives reflected light, so that the whole flow field is measured; the speed measuring range of the PDPA device is 0.1-300 m/s, the speed measuring precision is 0.1%, the measurable particle size range is 0.5-15000 mu m, and the particle size measuring precision is 0.1%.
The sensor humidity detection device comprises two groups of variable dielectric constant capacitance sensors, wherein one group of variable dielectric constant capacitance sensors are arranged at the bottom of the three-dimensional test bed to detect the deposition amount of fog drops at different positions, and the other group of variable dielectric constant capacitance sensors are arranged on the side surface of the three-dimensional test bed to detect the drifting condition of the fog drops.
The variable dielectric constant capacitive sensor is made of stainless steel, the humidity range is 0-100%, the humidity resolution ratio is 0.1%, the humidity precision is +/-3%, when liquid drops are deposited, the dielectric constant of a medium can be changed, information is processed through a circuit and sent to a control end, and the deposition amount and the drift condition of the fog drops are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. adopt the fixed shower nozzle of circumferential direction mechanism, the multi-angle measurement, it is more convenient to adjust, 2, three-dimensional test bench, intelligent speed governing, the spraying effect under the static multiple condition of developments of simulation, 3, use high-speed camera in the measurement analysis atomization process, processes such as fan-shaped shower nozzle liquid film thickness and fluctuation, make high-speed camera solve more spray test problems, 4, the PDPA device measures droplet speed and particle diameter, it is accurate high-efficient, 5, adopt humidity transducer to detect the spray deposition volume, it is more efficient convenient quick accuracy to collect the droplet than general collection fog groove and carry out the measuring method again, and can be directly with data output for form and curve figure, 6, humidity transducer detects that the droplet drifts, it is quick convenient, the degree of accuracy is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test system of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a spray system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the conditioning system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a measurement system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structural view of the circumferential rotation mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an image capturing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a PDPA detection apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a sensor detection device of the present invention.
In fig. 1, an air compressor; 2. a liquid storage tank; 3. a light source; 4. a pressure regulating valve; 5. a diffusion plate; 6. a spray head; 7. a variable dielectric constant capacitance humidity sensor; 8. a high-speed camera; 9. a three-dimensional test bed; 10. a receiver; 11. a control end; 12. a signal processor; 13. an electric three-dimensional coordinate frame; 14. a laser emitter.
In fig. 2, 15, a spray system.
In fig. 3, 20, the adjustment system, wherein 16, the slide; 17. left and right guide rails; 18. an upper guide rail and a lower guide rail; 19. a front and a rear guide rail.
In fig. 4, 21, a measurement system.
In fig. 5, 22, circumferential rotation device, wherein 23, D-ring structure; 24. a nut; 25. a fixing clip; 26. and (4) bolts.
In fig. 6, 27, an image capture device.
In fig. 7, 28, a PDPA detection device.
In fig. 8, 29 denotes a sensor humidity detection device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments;
according to the figure 1, an air compressor 1 is connected with a liquid storage tank 2, the liquid storage tank 2 is connected with a spray head 6 through a pressure regulating valve 4, the spray head 6 is connected on a sliding table 16 of a three-dimensional test bench 9 through a circumferential rotating device 22, a guide rail is connected with a servo motor, through the position of a control end 11 or a manual regulation sliding table 16, the control end 11 is respectively connected with a high-speed camera 8, a variable dielectric constant capacitance humidity sensor 7, a signal processor 12, an electric three-dimensional coordinate frame 13, a receiver 10, a laser transmitter 14 and a servo motor of a three-dimensional test bench 9, a light source 3 and the high-speed camera 8 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the three-dimensional test bench 9, a PDPA testing device 28 is arranged in front of the three-dimensional test bench 9, and two groups of variable dielectric constant capacitance sensors 7 of a sensor humidity detecting device 29 are respectively arranged on the bottom and one side of the three-dimensional test bench 9 to detect the spray deposition amount and the fog drop drift.
Setting a required spraying angle and direction of a spray head 6 by adjusting a circumferential rotating device 22 on a three-dimensional test bench 9, switching on a power supply, turning on a switch of an air compressor 1, providing pressure to a liquid storage tank 2 by the air compressor 1, connecting the liquid storage tank 2 with a pressure regulating valve 4, setting the required pressure of the spray head 6 by the pressure regulating valve 4 to spray, after the spraying state is stable, turning on a high-speed camera 8 and a PDPA device 28, carrying out visual measurement on the spraying and atomizing process by the high-speed camera 8 to obtain image data of the spraying and atomizing process, and carrying out light intensity adjustment by a light source 3 and a diffusion plate 5 which are positioned on the left side of the three-dimensional test bench 9; meanwhile, the variable dielectric constant capacitive sensor 7 scattered on the three-dimensional test bed 9 is used for detecting the deposition and dispersion of the fog drops; meanwhile, the laser transmitter 14 of the PDPA device 28 emits incident light to the fog drops, the receiver 10 receives reflected light, and the signal processor 12 processes the measured data of the fog drop speed, the fog drop particle size, the atomization angle, the fog drop quantity and the like and then transmits the processed data to the control end 11, and the control end 11 can monitor and store the picture information captured by the high-speed camera, the data information transmitted by the PDPA device 28 and the data information detected by the sensor in real time.
The above embodiments are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and alterations made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A spray test system is characterized by comprising a spray system, an adjusting system, a measuring system and a control end;
the spraying system comprises an air compressor, a liquid storage tank, a pressure regulating valve and a spray head; the air compressor, the liquid storage tank, the pressure regulating valve and the spray head are sequentially connected through a hose;
the adjusting system comprises a three-dimensional test bed and a circumferential rotating mechanism; the three-dimensional test bench comprises a sliding table, a left guide rail, a right guide rail, an upper guide rail, a lower guide rail and a front guide rail and a rear guide rail, wherein the sliding table is positioned on the left guide rail and the right guide rail and can be electrically or manually adjusted in position on the left guide rail and the right guide rail; the spray head is arranged on a circumferential rotating mechanism which can enable the spray head to rotate 360 degrees in the horizontal direction and enable the spray head to rotate 180 degrees in the vertical direction, the circumferential rotating mechanism is arranged on the sliding table, and the three-dimensional test bed is used for adjusting the position of the spray head on a three-dimensional space;
the measuring system comprises an image acquisition device, a PDPA device and a sensor humidity detection device; the image acquisition device comprises a light source, a diffusion plate and a high-speed camera; the light source, the diffusion plate, the spray head and the high-speed camera are sequentially positioned on the same straight line, the light source is fixed on one side of the three-dimensional test bed and can adjust the angle and the light intensity, the diffusion plate is fixed between the light source and the spray head, and the high-speed camera is fixed on the other side of the three-dimensional test bed and can collect and process image information of spraying processes at different angles and measure information of atomization crushing processes, hole breaking images of different reagents, liquid film thickness and liquid film fluctuation frequency;
the PDPA measuring device comprises a laser transmitter, a receiver, a signal processor and an electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, wherein the laser transmitter and the receiver are arranged on the electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, and the electric three-dimensional coordinate frame and the signal processor are positioned in front of a three-dimensional test bench; according to a specified program on the electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, the laser transmitter can scan and move from front to back or from back to front, the receiver can scan and move from left to right or from right to left, and the laser transmitter and the receiver can scan and move from top to bottom or from bottom to top simultaneously; the laser transmitter transmits incident light to the fog drops, and the receiver receives reflected light, so that the whole flow field is measured;
the sensor humidity detection device comprises two groups of capacitance sensors with variable dielectric constants, one group of capacitance sensors is arranged at the bottom of the three-dimensional test bed to detect the deposition amount of the fog drops at different positions, and the other group of capacitance sensors is arranged on the side surface of the three-dimensional test bed to detect the drifting condition of the fog drops;
the control end is respectively connected with a high-speed camera, a variable dielectric constant capacitance humidity sensor, a signal processor, an electric three-dimensional coordinate frame, a receiver, a laser transmitter and a servo motor of a three-dimensional test bench;
the lengths of the left and right guide rails, the upper and lower guide rails and the front and rear guide rails are not less than 3m, the three guide rails can move at fixed points or move at constant speed, the fixed point moving precision is 0.1mm, and the constant speed is 1 mm/s-2 m/s; the left and right guide rails, the upper and lower guide rails and the front and rear guide rails are all provided with length scales, and the precision of the length scales is not less than 0.1 mm;
the circumferential rotating mechanism comprises a D-shaped ring structure, a nut, a fixing clamp and a bolt; the vertical side of the D-shaped ring structure is fixed on the sliding table, the D-shaped ring structure is connected with the fixing clamp through a bolt and a nut, the fixing clamp fixes the spray head, the spray head can flexibly rotate by loosening the fixing clamp, the spray head is rotated to a required angle, then the fixing clamp is tightened, and the spray head is fixed, so that the spray head can rotate in 360 degrees in the horizontal direction; when the shower nozzle is fixed, through the elasticity and the rotation fixation clamp of adjusting bolt, nut, make the shower nozzle realize that vertical direction 180 rotates, D type ring structure and fixation clamp mark has the scale, and the precision is not less than 1, can measure the information of the spray atomization process at different inclinations, equidirectional through circumferential direction mechanism.
2. The spray test system of claim 1, wherein the air compressor is adapted to achieve a maximum discharge pressure of not less than 1.5MPa and a maximum discharge pressure of not less than 280L/min; the volume of the liquid storage tank is not lower than 20L, and the pressure-resistant grade is not lower than 2 MPa; the pressure regulating range of the pressure regulating valve is 0.05-1.0 MPa, and the pressure regulating precision is 0.01 MPa; the spray head can be, but is not limited to, a ball-head fan nozzle, an elliptical fan nozzle, a cone-frustum fan nozzle, a flat-head series fan nozzle, a hollow cone nozzle, a solid cone nozzle, a wide-angle solid cone nozzle, and a LECHLER series nozzle; the pressure resistance of the hose is not lower than 2 MPa; the spray liquid stored in the liquid storage tank can be, but is not limited to, water, suspending agent solution, opacifier solution, soluble water solution or mixed solution of the above solutions; the surfaces of the parts of the air compressor, the liquid storage tank, the pressure regulating valve and the spray liquid contact part are coated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5 mm-1 mm; the air compressor machine provides pressure, and the liquid storage pot is stored, is provided spraying liquid, adjusts shower nozzle pressure through the pressure regulating valve and carries out the spraying.
3. The spray testing system of claim 1, wherein the high speed camera has a full resolution pixel value of not less than 2M, a minimum exposure time of not more than 1 um; the full resolution highest frame frequency is not less than 20000 fps; the light source intensity is not lower than 1000W; the area of the diffusion plate is larger than the area of the measuring spray, and the thickness of the diffusion plate is not less than 3 mm.
4. The spray test system according to claim 1, wherein the PDPA device has a velocity measurement range of 0.1-300 m/s with a velocity measurement accuracy of 0.1%, a measurable particle size range of 0.5-15000 μm with a particle size measurement accuracy of 0.1%.
5. The spray test system of claim 1, wherein the variable dielectric constant capacitive sensor is made of stainless steel, has a humidity range of 0-100%, a humidity resolution of 0.1%, and a humidity accuracy of ± 3%, and can change the dielectric constant of the medium when droplets are deposited, and the information is processed by a circuit and sent to a control end to obtain the deposition amount and drift condition of the droplets.
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| CN110470495A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-19 | 江苏科技大学 | Normal pressure spray testing stand |
| CN110702448B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2024-04-12 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Online detection system and method for mist distribution uniformity of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN111076913A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 江苏大学 | Plant protection fan-shaped spray amplitude measuring device and method |
| CN111245999B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-12-29 | 西北农林科技大学 | Auxiliary photographing device and method for water-sensitive paper for mobile phone |
| CN112857684A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Private garage hydrogen leakage simulation test device and test method |
| CN113125313A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏大学 | Portable fluorescent detection device for fog drop deposition of blades |
| CN113483697B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-10-04 | 吉林化工学院 | Nozzle atomization angle detection operation equipment and method |
| CN113465894A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-01 | 扬州大学 | Multifunctional plant protection test platform |
| CN114798203B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏大学 | Fan-shaped air suction nozzle, spraying system for observing gas-liquid mixed flow field and testing method |
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| CN203458956U (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-03-05 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Pneumatic spray device |
| JP6366172B2 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2018-08-01 | 国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 | Flow field measurement method using microbubbles and flow field measurement device for aquarium |
| CN104181083B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-10-19 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of spray characteristics parameter detection device and method |
| CN104181086B (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2016-06-22 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of spray particle diameter distribution two-dimensional scan detecting device and detection method |
| CN104596755B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-02-22 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Spray drift performance testing device |
| CN204439335U (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-07-01 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of Spray Drift performance test apparatus |
| CN104865171A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-08-26 | 南京林业大学 | System for dynamically testing nozzle-atomized three-dimensional liquid drop particle size spectra and application method for system |
| CN105604665A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-05-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Spraying characteristic analysis device and method |
| CN205390142U (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-07-27 | 红河学院 | High deposit electrostatic spray device |
| CN206333246U (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-07-18 | 扬州大学 | A kind of plant protection ullrasonic spraying platform |
| CN108469403B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2021-02-12 | 江苏大学 | Plant protection machinery spraying operation fog droplet deposition amount on-line detection system and method |
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