CN109595204B - Variable pump hydraulic system, control method thereof and crane - Google Patents
Variable pump hydraulic system, control method thereof and crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN109595204B CN109595204B CN201811493652.8A CN201811493652A CN109595204B CN 109595204 B CN109595204 B CN 109595204B CN 201811493652 A CN201811493652 A CN 201811493652A CN 109595204 B CN109595204 B CN 109595204B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/20—Control systems or devices for non-electric drives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable pump hydraulic system, a control method thereof and a crane, wherein the variable pump hydraulic system comprises a control valve group (5) provided with a valve port (51) capable of realizing opening degree control, a variable pump (2), an engine (3), a first pressure sensor (71) arranged in a control valve group oil inlet oil way (L1) at the front end of the valve port, a second pressure sensor (72) arranged in a load feedback oil way (L2) at the rear end of the valve port and an automatic throttle controller (8), wherein the control valve group hydraulic system is configured to acquire signals by oil pressure of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, calculate a pressure drop P1 passing through the control valve group and compare the pressure drop P1 with a preset pressure P0; when P1 is more than P0, the automatic throttle controller sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the rotation speed of the engine; when P1 < P0, the automatic throttle controller sends an acceleration control signal for increasing the engine speed. The invention can realize the automatic throttle control of the engine, only adjusts the speed by the operating handle, reduces the oil consumption and improves the fuel economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic control, and particularly relates to a variable pump hydraulic system and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, in the industry of hydraulic devices such as cranes and the like, a hydraulic system and a power system of the hydraulic device are in completely independent operation modes. In order to meet the functional requirements of the hydraulic device, a large-capacity covering method is adopted, namely, the engine works in all regions.
Taking the crane as an example, during the hoisting operation, the hoisting operation speed can be adjusted by operating the handle, and can also be adjusted by changing the rotating speed of the engine, so that the hoisting operation speed of the crane is in a dual speed-adjusting mode of handle speed adjustment and engine speed adjustment, and the handle speed adjustment and the engine speed adjustment are both adjusted by an operator.
However, the operator cannot select the optimal and most suitable operation mode through human subjective judgment, for example, when the operator steps on the accelerator deeply, the engine operates at a high speed, and the variable displacement pump outputs a small displacement, the oil consumption of the crane is high. When the bad operation habit or the operation level of crane operators is low, the increase and the waste of the oil consumption of the crane are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of excessive oil consumption waste and the like caused by mutual independence of engine rotating speed control and variable pump displacement control in the prior art, the invention provides a novel variable pump hydraulic system to improve fuel economy, protect environment and save energy.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a variable displacement pump hydraulic system, including a control valve set, a variable displacement pump and an engine driving the variable displacement pump, wherein the control valve set is provided with a valve port capable of realizing opening degree control; the variable pump hydraulic system further includes:
the first pressure sensor is arranged in an oil inlet path of the control valve group at the front end of the valve port;
the second pressure sensor is arranged in a load feedback oil circuit at the rear end of the valve port; and
an automatic throttle controller configured to:
collecting signals through the oil pressure of the first pressure sensor and the oil pressure of the second pressure sensor, and calculating a pressure drop P1 passing through the control valve group;
comparing the pressure drop P1 with a preset pressure P0;
wherein when P1 > P0, the automatic throttle controller sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the engine speed; when P1 < P0, the automatic throttle controller sends an acceleration control signal for increasing the engine speed.
Further, the automatic throttle controller is further configured to:
when P1 is greater than P0, if the engine speed is not greater than the idle speed, the automatic throttle controller stops sending the speed reduction control signal.
In one embodiment, the preset pressure P0 is a constant value and the preset pressure P0 is not greater than the variable pump standby pressure P2.
Further, when the preset pressure P0 is greater than the variable pump standby pressure P2, the automatic throttle controller sends an idle speed control signal to make the engine in an idle state.
In another embodiment, the preset pressure P0 is a value of a preset pressure range, an upper threshold of the preset pressure range is PA and a lower threshold of the preset pressure range is PB, and the auto throttle controller is further configured to:
when P1 is greater than PA and the engine speed is not less than idle speed, the automatic throttle controller sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the engine speed; and when P1 < PB, the automatic throttle controller sends out an acceleration control signal for increasing the engine speed.
Further, the automatic throttle controller is further configured to: and when the upper threshold value PA of the preset pressure value range is larger than the pump standby pressure P2, replacing the upper threshold value PA with the pump standby pressure P2 in the comparative control of the automatic throttle controller.
Preferably, the variable pump hydraulic system selects a pedal or the automatic throttle controller to realize the throttle control of the engine, and more preferably, in an activation working state of the automatic throttle controller, the pedal is in a failure state ineffective for the engine control.
Preferably, the variable pump hydraulic system includes a controller on-off switch for turning on or off the automatic throttle controller or a changeover selection switch for selecting between the pedal and the automatic throttle controller.
Preferably, the valve port of the control valve group is controlled by the operating handle to realize opening degree control.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is also provided a crane comprising a variable pump hydraulic system according to the invention as described above.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a control method of a variable pump hydraulic system, the control method including:
the opening of a valve port of the control valve group is adjusted in real time through an operating handle;
detecting the pressure drop P1 passing through the control valve group in real time and comparing the pressure drop P1 with a preset pressure P0, and reducing the engine speed when P1 is more than P0; and when P1 < P0, raising the engine speed.
In the invention, the front and rear pressure loss of the control valve group is detected and compared with the standby pressure of the variable pump, and the rotating speed of the engine is adjusted according to the comparison result. When an operator operates the handle, the rotating speed of the engine can be automatically adjusted, so that the rotating speed of the engine is optimized when the engine works in the optimal working state, the automatic throttle control of the engine is realized, the most appropriate rotating speed control is achieved, unnecessary oil consumption is reduced, the fuel economy is improved, and the engine is more economical and environment-friendly.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a variable displacement pump hydraulic system;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a variable pump hydraulic system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1 oil tank 2 variable pump
3 engine 4 overflow valve
5 control valve group 6 actuating mechanism
8 automatic throttle controller 51 valve port
71 first pressure sensor 72 second pressure sensor
L1 control valve group oil inlet oil way L2 load feedback oil way
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, in a hydraulic apparatus employing a variable pump hydraulic system, such as a crane or the like as an example described below, a variable pump 2 is supplied as needed, and there is no excessive flow output, but since an operator's manipulation habit or manipulation level is low, the variable pump 2 is not brought into an optimum operating state, and it is easy to cause excessive consumption of engine oil 3. For example, when the crane needs to be accurately hoisted, the speed is regulated by a handle (not shown), the variable pump 2 is supplied according to the requirement, the hydraulic pump outputs a certain flow rate Q1 according to the fixed speed required during hoisting operation, the displacement of the variable pump is V1, the engine speed n1 is corresponding to the variable pump, and at the moment, V1 is smaller than the maximum displacement V of the plunger pump. However, due to some bad manipulation habits of operators, the engine speed is artificially adjusted to n2, and n2 > n1, so that the variable displacement pump makes an automatic adjustment to reduce the displacement from V1 to V3 to keep the hydraulic pump output flow Q1 constant. Therefore, the same hoisting speed can be kept, different engine rotating speeds can be combined, the different rotating speeds correspond to different working oil consumption, and after the Q1 is determined, the higher the engine rotating speed n is, the higher the oil consumption is.
Therefore, poor operation habits or low operation levels of crane operators are easy to cause the increase of oil consumption of the crane. In view of the above, the invention provides a novel variable pump hydraulic system to realize an automatic throttle control technology, eliminate the increase of oil consumption caused by poor operation habits or low operation levels of operators, and have remarkable practical significance for increasingly scarce resources.
Referring to fig. 1, the engine 3 drives the variable displacement pump 2 to rotate through a mechanical connection, wherein the engine 3 can vary the engine speed by operating an accelerator pedal (not shown) in the cabin. The oil pressure that variable pump 2 exported the control valve group oil inlet department is P, and the load pressure that actuating mechanism 6 fed back to the control valve group is Ps, and hydraulic oil can produce pressure drop P1 through control valve group 5, and P1= P-Ps promptly, and operating personnel can change the size of pressure drop P1 through changing the aperture of control valve group 5, and this pressure drop P1 and variable pump are waited pressure P2 and are carried out the comparison and can be changed the discharge capacity of plunger pump. If P1 < P2, the displacement of the variable displacement pump 2 is increased until the maximum displacement V is reached, and the overflow valve 4 protects the highest working pressure of the system. The oil tank 1 serves as a source of oil of the whole hydraulic system, for example, P1= P2, and the displacement V1 of the variable displacement pump 2 is kept unchanged. If P1 > P2, the displacement of the variable displacement pump 2 becomes small.
Therefore, in the hydraulic system of fig. 1, the engine speed control is related only to the accelerator pedal depth in the operating room, and the variable pump 2 determines whether the variable pump 2 is variable or not by comparing the pressure drop P1 with the variable pump standby pressure P2. The engine speed control and the variable pump displacement control are independent, and an operator cannot select the optimal and most suitable operation mode through artificial subjective judgment, for example, when the operator steps on an accelerator deeply, the engine 3 works at a high speed, and the variable pump 2 outputs at a small displacement, the oil consumption of the crane is high.
In the present invention, specifically, referring to fig. 2, the variable pump hydraulic system includes a control valve group 5, a variable pump 2, and an engine 3 that drives the variable pump 2, the control valve group 5 being provided with a valve port 51 that enables opening degree control. Wherein, variable pump hydraulic system still includes:
a first pressure sensor 71 arranged in a control valve group oil inlet passage L1 at the front end of the valve port;
a second pressure sensor 72 provided in a load feedback oil passage L2 at the rear end of the valve port; and
an automatic throttle controller 8, the automatic throttle controller 8 being configured to:
acquiring signals through oil pressures of a first pressure sensor 71 and a second pressure sensor 72, and calculating a pressure drop P1 passing through the control valve group 5;
comparing the pressure drop P1 with a preset pressure P0;
when P1 is more than P0, the automatic throttle controller 8 sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the rotating speed of the engine; when P1 < P0, the automatic throttle controller 8 issues an upshift control signal for raising the engine speed.
Therefore, the invention tries to associate the power system and the hydraulic system in an electric way and the like, and interconnects the states of the power system and the hydraulic system through computer program control and data acquisition so as to realize the control of the rotating speed of the engine on the premise of meeting the actual work, and realize the fuel economy mode of environmental protection, energy conservation and optimization, namely automatic throttle control.
Pressure sensors are respectively added on a control valve group oil inlet oil way L1 at the front end of the valve port 51 and a load feedback oil way L2 at the rear end of the valve port 51, and the pressure drop P1 of hydraulic oil passing through the control valve group 5 can be detected. Pressure signals acquired by the two pressure sensors are transmitted to the automatic throttle controller 8, and logical control is realized through an electric control program.
Considering that the rotation speed of the engine 3 may also be at or below idle speed, the automatic throttle controller 8 may also be configured to: when P1 is more than P0, if the engine speed is not more than the idle speed, the automatic accelerator controller 8 stops sending a speed reduction control signal. That is, when P1 > P0, the automatic throttle controller 8 issues a deceleration control signal for decelerating the engine speed, which is a control step provided to ensure that the engine speed is greater than or equal to the idling speed. Idling refers to the condition that an engine runs under the condition of no load, and only the frictional resistance of internal parts of the engine is needed to be overcome, and no external output power is required. The lowest speed at which stable operation of the engine is maintained is called idle speed, and is one of five basic operating conditions of the engine. The idling speed of the engine with good working performance is generally 550-800 r/min.
In order to correctly reflect the displacement variation reference of the variable displacement pump 2, the preset pressure P0 should not be greater than the variable displacement pump standby pressure P2. If the preset pressure P0 is greater than the variable pump standby pressure P2, the automatic throttle fails, and the automatic throttle controller 8 sends an idle speed control signal to idle the engine 3.
The preset pressure P0 may be a fixed value or an interval value, as required. In actual use, the preset pressure P0 is usually a proper interval value in consideration of the large fluctuation of the hydraulic pressure. If the preset pressure P0 is set to a constant value, the pressure change caused by the load fluctuation may cause the engine speed to change too frequently.
Therefore, when the preset pressure P0 is a value of the preset pressure value interval, the upper threshold of the preset pressure value interval is PA and the lower threshold is PB, and the automatic throttle controller 8 is further configured to: when P1 is greater than PA and the engine speed is not less than idle speed, the automatic throttle controller 8 sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the engine speed; when P1 < PB, the automatic throttle controller 8 issues an upshift control signal for raising the engine speed.
Wherein the automatic throttle controller 8 is further configured to: when the upper threshold PA of the preset pressure value interval is greater than the pump standby pressure P2, the pump standby pressure P2 is substituted for the upper threshold PA in the comparative control of the automatic throttle controller 8, that is, the upper threshold of the preset pressure value interval of the preset pressure P0 is P2, and the part of the interval greater than P2 is an invalid value.
In the invention, the variable pump hydraulic system selects a pedal or an automatic accelerator controller 8 to realize the accelerator control of the engine 3, wherein, under the starting working state of the automatic accelerator controller 8, the pedal is in a failure state of ineffective control on the engine 3. Namely, after the working condition of the automatic accelerator is entered, the rotating speed of the engine is not adjusted by the accelerator pedal.
The variable pump hydraulic system may further include a controller on-off switch for turning on or off the automatic throttle controller 8 or a changeover selection switch for selecting between a pedal and the automatic throttle controller 8. That is, the automatic throttle controller 8 may be manually selected to be activated, and the function may be selected or may not be selected, and the operator may select the function by switching the selection switch or the like according to actual needs.
Wherein, the valve port 51 of the control valve group 5 realizes the opening control by the operating handle. An operator can control the operating handle only, and the engine 3 can be in an optimized engine rotating speed by means of the automatic accelerator controller 8, so that energy consumption is saved, and fuel economy is improved.
The variable pump hydraulic system can be applied to various hydraulic equipment, is not limited to the crane, and can also be applied to a tower crane, concrete pumping equipment and the like.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a control method of the variable pump hydraulic system, which comprises the following steps: the opening of a valve port of the control valve group 5 is adjusted in real time through an operating handle; detecting the pressure drop P1 passing through the control valve group 5 in real time and comparing the pressure drop P1 with a preset pressure P0, and reducing the engine speed when P1 is more than P0; when P1 < P0, the engine speed is raised.
Through the control method and the program, when in practical application and operation, the rotating speed of the engine can be changed while the opening of the valve port of the control valve group 5 is changed by operating the control handle, so that the control of the rotating speed of the engine and the control logic interconnection of the operation handle are realized, and the increase of the oil consumption of the engine caused by poor operation habits or low operation levels of operators is eliminated.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A variable pump hydraulic system comprises a control valve group (5), a variable pump (2) and an engine (3) for driving the variable pump (2), wherein the control valve group (5) is provided with a valve port (51) capable of realizing opening degree control, and the variable pump hydraulic system is characterized by further comprising:
the first pressure sensor (71) is arranged in a control valve group oil inlet oil path (L1) at the front end of the valve port;
a second pressure sensor (72) provided in a load feedback oil path (L2) at the rear end of the valve port; and
an automatic throttle controller (8) configured to:
calculating a pressure drop P1 across the control valve group (5) from oil pressure acquisition signals of the first pressure sensor (71) and the second pressure sensor (72);
comparing the pressure drop P1 with a preset pressure P0;
wherein, when P1 > P0, the automatic throttle controller (8) sends a deceleration control signal for decelerating the engine speed; when P1 < P0, the automatic throttle controller (8) issues an acceleration control signal for increasing the engine speed;
the preset pressure P0 is a value of a preset pressure value interval, an upper threshold value of the preset pressure value interval is PA and a lower threshold value of the preset pressure value interval is PB, and the automatic throttle controller (8) is configured as follows:
when P1 is greater than PA and the engine speed is not less than idle speed, the automatic throttle controller (8) sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the engine speed; when P1 < PB, the automatic throttle controller (8) sends an acceleration control signal for increasing the engine speed.
2. The variable pump hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the automatic throttle controller (8) is further configured to:
when P1 is greater than P0, if the engine speed is not greater than the idle speed, the automatic throttle controller (8) stops sending the speed reduction control signal.
3. The variable pump hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein the preset pressure P0 is not greater than a variable pump standby pressure P2.
4. A variable pump hydraulic system according to claim 3, wherein the automatic throttle controller (8) issues an idle control signal to bring the engine (3) into an idle state when the preset pressure P0 is greater than the variable pump standby pressure P2.
5. The variable pump hydraulic system according to claim 4, wherein the automatic throttle controller (8) is further configured to: and when the upper threshold value PA of the preset pressure value range is larger than the pump standby pressure P2, replacing the upper threshold value PA with the pump standby pressure P2 in the comparative control of the automatic throttle controller (8).
6. The variable pump hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the variable pump hydraulic system selects a pedal or the automatic throttle controller (8) to realize throttle control of the engine (3), wherein the pedal is in a failure state in which control of the engine (3) is not effective in an activated operating state of the automatic throttle controller (8).
7. Variable pump hydraulic system according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a controller on-off switch for activating or deactivating the automatic throttle controller (8) or a changeover selection switch for selecting between the pedal and the automatic throttle controller (8).
8. Variable displacement pump hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve ports (51) of the control valve block (5) are controlled in opening degree by means of an operating handle.
9. A crane, characterized in that the crane comprises a variable displacement pump hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A control method of a variable displacement pump hydraulic system, characterized by comprising:
the opening degree of a valve port of the control valve group (5) is adjusted in real time through an operating handle;
detecting in real time the pressure drop P1 across the control valve group (5) and comparing it with a preset pressure P0, when P1 > P0, reducing the engine speed; when P1 < P0, raising the engine speed;
the preset pressure P0 is a value of a preset pressure value interval, an upper threshold value of the preset pressure value interval is PA and a lower threshold value of the preset pressure value interval is PB, and an automatic throttle controller (8) is configured to:
when P1 is greater than PA and the engine speed is not less than idle speed, the automatic throttle controller (8) sends a speed reduction control signal for reducing the engine speed; when P1 < PB, the automatic throttle controller (8) sends an acceleration control signal for increasing the engine speed.
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| CN201811493652.8A CN109595204B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Variable pump hydraulic system, control method thereof and crane |
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| CN201811493652.8A CN109595204B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Variable pump hydraulic system, control method thereof and crane |
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| EP3725727A1 (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-21 | Deere & Company | Control system for a crane of a working machine, method and working machine |
| CN113898483B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-06-27 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine rotating speed control method and device and vehicle |
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| CN108069348A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-05-25 | 福建海山重工有限公司 | Front handling mobile crane large arm adaptive control system |
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