CN109594916B - Super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact rock crushing drilling tool and hole bottom impact rock crushing method - Google Patents
Super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact rock crushing drilling tool and hole bottom impact rock crushing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109594916B CN109594916B CN201910106074.6A CN201910106074A CN109594916B CN 109594916 B CN109594916 B CN 109594916B CN 201910106074 A CN201910106074 A CN 201910106074A CN 109594916 B CN109594916 B CN 109594916B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A hole bottom of a kind of ultra-combustion type double-acting hole strikes and rubs the drilling tool and hole bottom and strikes and rubs the method, this drilling tool is by mixing chamber, cooling tube, body, slide block, hammer block, impact bit, air pipe, oil line, the hammer block can cut off the cavity in the body into upper chamber and cavity; the method is mainly characterized in that fuel and air which are led into a cavity from a mixing chamber explode under pressure, and a hammer body drives an impact drill bit to impact crushed rock under the action of instant impact generated by explosion; on the other hand, instantaneous high-pressure gas generated by explosion controls the movement of the sliding block, so that the fuel supply of the upper cavity and the lower cavity is switched, the upper cavity and the lower cavity are alternately exploded, and the percussion bit is driven to impact the rock in a reciprocating manner; meanwhile, the gas generated by explosion can carry the rock debris to return to the ground to finish the chip removal work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hole bottom impact rock breaking drilling tool, in particular to a hole bottom impact rock breaking method.
Background
The crushing of hard rock in foundation engineering construction and drilling engineering is a time-consuming, energy-consuming and material-consuming process, and especially the crushing of hard brittle rock causes huge abrasion to tools, so that the service life of the tools is reduced; the rock breaking mode of the tool can have great influence on the working efficiency. At present, the impact of crushed rock is the main mode of rock crushing, the impact principle is various, for example, the hydraulic impactor such as Chinese patent CN202937185U, CN107605396A and the like or the pneumatic impact process of CN104481395A all adopt high-pressure liquid or gas as impact power, the process of releasing the impact energy of the gas and the liquid is also the process of reducing the pressure, and the generation of the process needs short-time accumulation, so the impact action time of the impactor on the rock is long. For brittle hard rock, the instantaneous release of impact energy is beneficial to breaking the rock, so how to reduce the release duration of impact energy has a great influence on the breaking effect of the rock.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scrabble drilling tool and a method for scrabble at the bottom of a hole with a super-combustion type double-action, which can greatly reduce the release duration of impact energy and the action duration of an impact drill bit on rocks, and utilize the discharged tail gas to carry rock debris to return to the ground; the scrabbling efficiency can be greatly improved through the super-combustion type double-acting impact effect.
The invention utilizes the instantaneous high energy generated by the compression ignition explosion of the fuel to impact the crushed rock, and can greatly reduce the release duration of impact energy and the action duration of an impact drill bit on the rock compared with a pneumatic or hydraulic impactor, thereby optimizing the effect of the crushed rock.
A super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact rock breaking drilling tool comprises a mixing chamber, a cooling pipe, a shell, a sliding block, a hammer body, an impact drill bit, an air pipe and an oil pipe;
the mixing chamber is arranged at the upper end of the shell, the air pipe and the oil pipe are introduced into the mixing chamber, and the mixing chamber can uniformly mix air and fuel which are introduced into the air pipe and the oil pipe in a certain proportion.
The center of the shell is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the cavity is partitioned into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the hammer body, and the outer side of the cavity is provided with an upper cavity air inlet channel, a lower cavity air inlet channel, an upper cavity air outlet, a lower cavity air outlet and a cooling channel;
the hammer body can slide up and down in the cavity, and the lower end of the hammer body is fixedly installed with the impact drill.
The upper cavity exhaust port is communicated with the upper cavity signal channel and the upper cavity exhaust channel;
the lower cavity exhaust port is communicated with the lower cavity signal channel and the lower cavity exhaust channel;
the sliding block can slide left and right under the pushing of air pressure in the shell; when the slide block slides left and right, the air inlet can respectively communicate the mixing chamber with the lower cavity and the upper cavity.
The upper end of the cooling pipe is communicated with the air pipe, the lower end of the cooling pipe is communicated with the cooling channel, part of air in the air pipe is introduced into each cooling channel through the cooling pipe to cool the shell, and meanwhile, the air carries rock debris to return to the ground.
The bottom end of the air pipe is provided with a one-way valve to prevent the fuel in the mixing chamber from flowing away from the cooling pipe.
The cooling channels are uniformly distributed in the shell and are communicated with the cooling pipes.
A bottom hole impact rock breaking method of a scramjet type double-acting bottom hole impact rock breaking drilling tool comprises the following steps: firstly, lowering a scrabble drill tool with a scrabble-type double-acting hole bottom to the hole bottom, injecting air and fuel with a certain proportion into a mixing chamber by ground auxiliary equipment through an air pipe and an oil pipe, mixing the air and the fuel in the mixing chamber, then entering an upper chamber through an upper chamber air inlet channel, applying pressure to the scrabble drill tool with the scrabble tool with the double-acting hole bottom, and moving a hammer body upwards relative to a shell and gradually blocking the upper chamber air inlet channel and an upper chamber air outlet; the hammer body moves upwards to compress the mixture of air and fuel in the upper cavity, and when the pressure in the upper cavity is gradually increased until the fuel can explode, the hammer body moves downwards under the action of instant impact generated by explosion in the upper cavity and drives the impact drill bit to impact rock at the bottom of the hole. The hammer body gradually leaks out of the upper cavity exhaust port and the upper cavity air inlet channel in the descending process, high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the upper cavity is exhausted from the upper cavity exhaust port, one part of the high-pressure gas blows the sliding block to slide from the upper cavity exhaust port through the upper cavity signal channel, the mixture of air and fuel enters the lower cavity through the lower cavity air inlet channel, and the other part of the high-pressure gas blows the hole bottom through the upper cavity exhaust channel and carries rock debris to return to the ground. The mixture of air and fuel entering the lower cavity is subjected to compression ignition to explode under the pressure generated by the downward movement of the hammer body, the impact effect generated by the explosion in the lower cavity pushes the hammer body to move upwards, the mixture gradually leaks out of the lower cavity exhaust port and the lower cavity air inlet channel in the upward movement process of the hammer body, high-pressure gas generated by the explosion in the lower cavity is discharged from the lower cavity exhaust port, and part of the high-pressure gas blows the sliding block to slide through the lower cavity signal channel, so that the mixture of the air and the fuel enters the upper cavity through the upper cavity air inlet channel; and the other part of high-pressure gas sweeps the bottom of the hole through the lower cavity exhaust passage and carries the rock debris to return to the ground. The impact action on the rock at the bottom of the hole is realized by the cyclic reciprocation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the up-going of a hammer body of a scrabbing rock drilling tool with a super-combustion type double-action hole bottom impact.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper limit of the hammer body of the scrabbing drilling tool with the super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper chamber venting of a scrabbing drilling tool with a dual-action scrabbing downhole of a scrabbing super-combustion type.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower limit of the hammer body of the scrabbing rock drilling tool with the scrabbing type dual-action hole bottom.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower cavity exhaust of a scrabbing drilling tool with a super-combustion type double-action hole bottom impact.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the cooling channel of the scrabbing drilling tool with the dual-action hole bottom of the scrabbing type
In the figure: 1-hole wall, 2-mixing chamber, 3-shell, 4-lower cavity air inlet channel, 5-one-way valve, 6-lower cavity signal channel, 7-lower cavity air outlet, 8-lower cavity air outlet channel, 9-hammer body, 10-cooling tube, 11-air tube, 12-oil tube, 13-air inlet, 14-slide block, 15-upper cavity air inlet channel, 16-upper cavity signal channel, 17-upper cavity air outlet, 18-upper cavity, 19-lower cavity, 20-upper cavity air outlet channel, 21-percussion bit and 23-cooling channel.
Detailed Description
A scrabble drilling tool of hole bottom impact of the double-acting hole of a kind of ultra-combustion type, including by mixing chamber 2, cooling tube 10, body 3, slide block 14, hammer block 9, impact bit 21, air pipe 11 and oil line 12;
the mixing chamber 2 is arranged at the upper end of the shell 3, the air pipe 11 and the oil pipe 12 are introduced into the mixing chamber 2, and the mixing chamber 2 can uniformly mix air and fuel which are introduced into the air pipe 11 and the oil pipe 12 in a certain proportion;
a cylindrical cavity is formed in the center of the shell 3, the cylindrical cavity is partitioned into an upper cavity 18 and a lower cavity 19 by the hammer body 9, and an upper cavity air inlet channel 15, a lower cavity air inlet channel 4, an upper cavity air outlet 17, a lower cavity air outlet 7 and a cooling channel 23 are formed in the outer side of the cylindrical cavity;
the upper cavity exhaust port 17 is communicated with an upper cavity signal channel 16 and an upper cavity exhaust channel 20;
the lower cavity exhaust port 7 is communicated with the lower cavity signal channel 6 and the lower cavity exhaust channel 8;
the sliding block 14 can slide left and right in the shell 3 under the push of air pressure; when the sliding block 14 slides left and right, the air inlet 13 can respectively communicate the mixing chamber 2 with the lower cavity 19 and the upper cavity 18;
the upper end of the cooling pipe 10 is communicated with the air pipe 11, the lower end of the cooling pipe is communicated with the cooling channels 23, part of air in the air pipe 11 is introduced into each cooling channel 23 through the cooling pipe 10 to cool the shell 3, and meanwhile, rock debris is carried to return to the ground;
the bottom end of the air pipe 11 is provided with a one-way valve to prevent the fuel in the mixing chamber 2 from flowing away from the cooling pipe 10;
the cooling channels 23 are uniformly distributed in the shell 3 in 6 and are communicated with the cooling pipe 10.
A bottom hole impact rock breaking method of a scramjet type double-acting bottom hole impact rock breaking drilling tool comprises the following steps: firstly, lowering a scrabbing drilling tool with a super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom to the hole bottom, injecting air and fuel with a certain proportion into a mixing chamber 2 through an air pipe 11 and an oil pipe 12 by ground auxiliary equipment, mixing the air and the fuel in the mixing chamber 2, and then entering an upper cavity 18 through an upper cavity air inlet channel 15; then, a ground drilling machine is used for applying pressure to the scrabble drilling tool with the scrabble hole bottom impact of the scrabble type, and the hammer body 9 ascends relative to the shell 3 and gradually blocks the upper cavity air inlet 15 and the upper cavity air outlet 17; the hammer 9 moves upwards to compress the mixture of air and fuel in the upper cavity 18, when the pressure in the upper cavity 18 is gradually increased to the point that the fuel can explode, the hammer 9 moves downwards under the action of instant impact generated by explosion in the upper cavity 18 and drives the impact drill 21 to impact the rock at the bottom of the hole; the hammer body 9 gradually leaks out of an upper cavity exhaust port 17 and an upper cavity air inlet channel 15 in the descending process, high-pressure gas generated by explosion of an upper cavity 18 is exhausted from the upper cavity exhaust port 17, one part of the high-pressure gas blows a sliding block 14 through an upper cavity signal channel 16 to slide, then the mixture of air and fuel enters a lower cavity 19 through a lower cavity air inlet channel 4, and the other part of the high-pressure gas blows the bottom of a hole through an upper cavity exhaust channel 20 and carries rock debris to return to the ground. The mixture of air and fuel entering the lower cavity 19 is subjected to compression ignition to explode under the pressure generated by the downward movement of the hammer body 9, the impact generated by the explosion in the lower cavity 19 pushes the hammer body 9 to move upward, the mixture gradually leaks out of the lower cavity exhaust port 7 and the lower cavity air inlet channel 4 in the upward movement process of the hammer body 9, the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion in the lower cavity 19 is exhausted from the lower cavity exhaust port 7, one part of the high-pressure gas blows the sliding block 14 to slide through the lower cavity signal channel 6, and then the mixture of the air and the fuel enters the upper cavity 18 through the upper cavity air inlet channel 15; the other part of high-pressure gas sweeps the hole bottom through the lower cavity exhaust passage 8 and carries the rock debris to return to the ground; the impact crushing effect on the rock at the bottom of the hole is realized by the circulation; the air shunted in the cooling pipe 10 enters each cooling channel 23 to cool the shell, and then is discharged to the bottom of the hole from the cooling channels 23 and returns to the ground with the rock debris; the gas discharged from the ground is purified by the auxiliary equipment and then is emptied.
Claims (1)
1. A hole bottom impact rock breaking method of a super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact rock breaking drilling tool comprises a mixing chamber (2), a cooling pipe (10), a shell (3), a sliding block (14), a hammer body (9), an impact drill bit (21), an air pipe (11) and an oil pipe (12);
the mixing chamber (2) is arranged at the upper end of the shell (3), the air pipe (11) and the oil pipe (12) are introduced into the mixing chamber (2), and the mixing chamber (2) can uniformly mix air and fuel introduced into the air pipe (11) and the oil pipe (12) according to a certain proportion;
a cylindrical cavity is formed in the center of the shell (3), the cylindrical cavity is partitioned into an upper cavity (18) and a lower cavity (19) by the hammer body (9), and an upper cavity air inlet channel (15), a lower cavity air inlet channel (4), an upper cavity exhaust port (17), a lower cavity exhaust port (7) and a cooling channel (23) are formed in the outer side of the cylindrical cavity;
the upper cavity exhaust port (17) is communicated with an upper cavity signal channel (16) and an upper cavity exhaust channel (20);
the lower cavity exhaust port (7) is communicated with the lower cavity signal channel (6) and the lower cavity exhaust channel (8);
the sliding block (14) can slide left and right under the pushing of air pressure in the shell (3); when the sliding block (14) slides left and right, the air inlet (13) can respectively communicate the mixing chamber (2) with the lower cavity (19) and the upper cavity (18);
the upper end of the cooling pipe (10) is communicated with the air pipe (11), the lower end of the cooling pipe (10) is communicated with the cooling channels (23), part of air in the air pipe (11) is introduced into each cooling channel (23) through the cooling pipe (10) to cool the shell (3), and meanwhile, the air carries rock debris to return to the ground;
the bottom end of the air pipe (11) is provided with a one-way valve to prevent the fuel in the mixing chamber (2) from flowing away from the cooling pipe (10);
6 cooling channels (23) are uniformly distributed in the shell (3) and are communicated with the cooling pipe (10);
the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: firstly, lowering a scramjet drilling tool at the bottom of a hole with a scramjet type double-acting hole to the bottom of the hole, injecting air and fuel with a certain proportion into a mixing chamber (2) by ground auxiliary equipment through an air pipe (11) and an oil pipe (12), mixing the air and the fuel in the mixing chamber (2), and then entering an upper chamber (18) through an upper chamber air inlet channel (15); then, a ground drilling machine is used for applying pressure to the scrabble drilling tool with the scrabble hole bottom impact of the scrabble type, and the hammer body (9) ascends relative to the shell (3) and gradually blocks an upper cavity air inlet (15) and an upper cavity air outlet (17); the hammer body (9) moves upwards to compress the mixture of air and fuel in the upper cavity (18), and when the pressure in the upper cavity (18) is gradually increased until the fuel can explode, the hammer body (9) moves downwards under the action of instant impact generated by explosion in the upper cavity (18) and drives the percussion bit (21) to impact rock at the bottom of a hole; the hammer body (9) gradually leaks out of an upper cavity exhaust port (17) and an upper cavity air inlet channel (15) in the descending process, high-pressure gas generated by explosion of an upper cavity (18) is exhausted from the upper cavity exhaust port (17), one part of the high-pressure gas blows a sliding block (14) to slide through an upper cavity signal channel (16), then the mixture of air and fuel enters a lower cavity (19) through a lower cavity air inlet channel (4), and the other part of the high-pressure gas sweeps the bottom of a hole through an upper cavity exhaust channel (20) and carries rock debris to return to the ground; the mixture of air and fuel entering the lower cavity (19) is subjected to compression ignition to explode under the pressure generated by the downward movement of the hammer body (9), the impact generated by the upward movement of the hammer body (9) in the lower cavity (19) pushes the hammer body (9) to move upwards, the mixture of air and fuel gradually leaks out of the lower cavity exhaust port (7) and the lower cavity air inlet channel (4) in the upward movement process of the hammer body (9), the high-pressure gas generated by the upward movement of the lower cavity (19) is exhausted from the lower cavity exhaust port (7), one part of the high-pressure gas blows the sliding block (14) to slide through the lower cavity signal channel (6), and then the mixture of air and fuel enters the upper cavity (18) through the upper cavity air inlet channel (15); the other part of high-pressure gas sweeps the hole bottom through the lower cavity exhaust passage (8) and returns to the ground along with the rock debris; the impact crushing effect on the rock at the bottom of the hole is realized by the cyclic reciprocation; air shunted in the cooling pipe (10) enters each cooling channel (23) to cool the shell, and then is discharged to the bottom of the hole from the cooling channels (23) and returns to the ground along with rock debris; the gas discharged from the ground is purified by the auxiliary equipment and then is exhausted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910106074.6A CN109594916B (en) | 2019-02-02 | 2019-02-02 | Super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact rock crushing drilling tool and hole bottom impact rock crushing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910106074.6A CN109594916B (en) | 2019-02-02 | 2019-02-02 | Super-combustion type double-acting hole bottom impact rock crushing drilling tool and hole bottom impact rock crushing method |
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| CN109594916A CN109594916A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
| CN109594916B true CN109594916B (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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| CN111119124B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-12-28 | 华城建设集团有限公司 | Construction method for flexible grid hanging stone ecological landscape bank protection |
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| WO2009020064A1 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-12 | Max Co., Ltd. | Gas combustion type driving tool |
Family Cites Families (5)
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2019
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| GB191305446A (en) * | 1913-03-04 | 1914-02-19 | Lewis Lawrence Scott | Internal Combustion Percussive Machine. |
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| CH290529A (en) * | 1951-04-13 | 1953-05-15 | Albert Bergman Gustav | Arrangement on rock drill hammers with motor assembled with them. |
| GB2129733A (en) * | 1982-10-27 | 1984-05-23 | Jean Walton | More-vibration-free concrete breakers and percussion drills |
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| Title |
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