CN109590620B - Laser shearing process for spent fuel simulation element rod - Google Patents
Laser shearing process for spent fuel simulation element rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN109590620B CN109590620B CN201910022392.4A CN201910022392A CN109590620B CN 109590620 B CN109590620 B CN 109590620B CN 201910022392 A CN201910022392 A CN 201910022392A CN 109590620 B CN109590620 B CN 109590620B
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- laser
- cutting
- element rod
- spent fuel
- simulation element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser shearing process of a spent fuel simulation element rod, which adopts a fiber laser and a laser cutting head, wherein the laser cutting head controls the motion track by a six-axis robot, after the focal length and the facula of the laser cutting head are adjusted, firstly, a point is selected at the eccentric position of the simulation element rod for laser perforation, after the perforation, laser moves to a thick edge for scanning cutting, and the laser is closed after the cutting is finished; and then controlling the laser cutting head to move towards the center direction, moving to the punching hole to open the laser, enabling the laser to move towards the narrow side direction, and carrying out scanning cutting until the analog element rod is cut off. The invention can improve the cutting quality, prolong the service life of the cutting tool and reduce the generation of radioactive wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a post-treatment technology of reactor spent fuel, in particular to a laser shearing process of a spent fuel simulation element rod.
Background
The spent fuel assembly after reactor discharge contains a large amount of reusable radionuclides, and before the U, Pu elements are extracted by using a chemical extraction and separation method, the spent fuel assembly is cut into short sections to expose the element pellets coated in the stainless steel cladding for further spent fuel pellet dissolution.
For the cutting of the spent fuel assembly, a mechanical shearing mode is generally adopted at home and abroad. The mechanical shearing has the problem of the opening rate of the short section of the element during shearing, and the next dissolution rate is influenced when the opening rate is less than 30 percent; the cutting head directly cuts the assembly, the requirements on material selection and heat treatment of the cutting head are strict, the problem of cutting service life exists, and the cutting head is difficult to replace by a mechanical arm in a hot chamber; cutting equipment installed in a shear hot cell is bulky and generates a large amount of radioactive waste that is difficult to dispose of when out of service.
The laser technology is a new technology which is started in the 20 th century, integrates optical, electromechanical, software and material technologies into a whole, and is widely applied to the fields of heavy industry, electronic industry, light industry, military, medical treatment, aerospace, nuclear energy and the like. Particularly, the invention of the optical fiber laser enables the laser to be smaller in size and larger in power. The optical fiber laser adopts a solid diode pumping double-cladding technology to generate laser beams with the wavelength of near infrared bands, the molecules in the ytterbium-doped optical fiber enable the light emitted by excitation to pass through the fiber core for multiple times, and then the formed laser is output to a focusing head through a transmission optical fiber. The high-power optical fiber laser is selected to cut metal with the thickness of dozens of millimeters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for carrying out laser shearing on a spent fuel simulation element rod by adopting a high-power optical fiber laser, which replaces the traditional mechanical cutting mode, thereby improving the cutting quality, prolonging the service life of a cutting tool and reducing the generation of radioactive wastes.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a laser shearing process of a spent fuel simulation element rod adopts a fiber laser and a laser cutting head, wherein the laser cutting head controls a motion track by a six-axis robot, after the focal length and the facula of the laser cutting head are adjusted, firstly, a point is selected at the eccentric position of the simulation element rod for laser perforation, laser moves to a thick edge after perforation for scanning cutting, and the laser is closed after the cutting is finished; and then controlling the laser cutting head to move towards the center direction, moving to the punching hole to open the laser, enabling the laser to move towards the narrow side direction, and carrying out scanning cutting until the analog element rod is cut off.
Further, according to the laser shearing process of the spent fuel simulation element rod, in the scanning cutting process, the slag is blown off at high pressure by using nitrogen, oxygen or argon as auxiliary gas, and the gas pressure is 1.5 Mpa.
Further, the laser shearing process of the spent fuel simulation element rod is characterized in that the laser power is 4000W, the focal length of the laser cutting head is 125mm, and the diameter of a light spot is 200 μm; the positive defocusing amount is 1mm, and the nozzle gap of the laser cutting head is 1 mm.
Further, the laser shearing process of the spent fuel simulation element rod is characterized in that the scanning speed of laser scanning cutting is 500-600 mm/min.
Further, the spent fuel simulation element rod laser shearing process as described above, wherein the laser perforation time is set to 1.5 seconds.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the laser shearing process of the spent fuel simulation element rod provided by the invention adopts a high-power optical fiber laser to replace the traditional mechanical cutting mode, carries out non-contact cutting on the fast neutron reactor simulation element rod, and cuts off the simulation element rod by means of high-temperature melting and high-pressure gas purging. The laser cutting cannot cause the surface deformation of the element, the opening ratio of the simulation element rod is 100 percent, and the subsequent spent fuel pellet dissolution is facilitated; due to the adoption of non-contact cutting, the service life of the cutting tool is prolonged, and the processing of the cutting tool is reduced; the optical fiber transmission mode is adopted, so that the optical fiber transmission device can be applied to a high-radioactivity area; the equipment is simple, a large amount of pollution waste, equipment and decontamination waste liquid can not be generated, and the minimization principle of radioactive waste is met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a laser shearing process of a spent fuel simulation element rod of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention establishes a set of laser cutting device suitable for hot chamber application by adopting a high-power optical fiber laser. Through a shearing experiment of a cold uranium pellet simulation element rod with the diameter phi of 20mm, a pair of UO is established2The pellets simulate the laser shearing process of a single rod of components. The high-power optical fiber laser is utilized to focus the light beam to the spot diameter of about 200 mu m, and the power density at the focus can reach 107W～1011W/cm2In the focal depth range of the light spot, the temperature reaches ten thousand degrees centigrade instantaneously, so that the temperature of the stainless steel cladding and the ceramic pellet at the focal spot reaches meltingMelting the mixture above the point, scanning by a light beam, blowing away slag by high-pressure airflow to form a kerf, wherein the kerf is less than 1mm, and cutting off the ceramic core block to simulate a single rod.
The invention establishes a set of laser cutting device suitable for cutting a simulation element rod according to the characteristic that a simulation element is a stainless steel shell coated with a ceramic core block, and the laser cutting device comprises the following key devices:
4kW for IPG fiber laser and light speed quality M2Less than 1.3, wavelength 1.06 μm;
② a laser cutting head (plane cutting head; maximum cutting power: 3kW) of Precitec;
controlling the motion track of the cutting head by a German KUKA six-axis robot;
the operation console, the pressure stabilizing cabinet and the water cooling machine have heating and refrigerating functions, and the temperature is controlled to be 18-25 ℃; cutting the auxiliary gas cylinder: n is a radical of2、O2Ar, pressure 1.5 MPa.
The laser shearing process of the invention is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a point at the eccentric position of a simulation element rod for laser perforation;
secondly, moving the laser to the thick edge after punching, scanning and cutting, and closing the laser after cutting;
moving the cutting head to the center direction and moving the cutting head to a punching hole;
and step four, opening the laser, moving the laser to the narrow edge, and cutting off the narrow edge part.
Example 1
Establishing a laser cutting system according to the scheme, and cutting Al2O3The core block simulates the cutting of an element rod with the size phi of 20 multiplied by 1400mm, the size phi of 17.5 multiplied by 25mm and the outer cladding material 304 stainless steel.
The cutting process comprises laser power 4000W, cutting head focal length 125mm and light spot diameter 200 μm. The positive defocusing amount is 1mm, and the nozzle gap is 1 mm. Auxiliary gas selected from N2The pressure is 1.5 MPa.
When cutting, firstly, a point is selected at the eccentric position of the analog element rod for laser perforation and perforationSetting the time for 1.5s, performing transverse scanning cutting by laser after punching at a scanning speed of 600mm/min, cutting the thick edge part and then the narrow edge part, and cutting off Al within 3s2O3The core blocks simulate the component rods.
Experimental results show that a 4kW optical fiber laser is adopted, a 3kW Precitec planar laser cutting head is configured, a KUKA six-axis robot for controlling the motion track of the cutting head, and N with the pressure of 1.5MPa is adopted2Purging gas, and corresponding auxiliary systems such as an operation platform, a pressure stabilizing cabinet, a water cooling machine and the like can cut off Al with the diameter phi of 20mm within 3s according to the selected laser cutting process2O3The core blocks simulate the component rods.
Example 2
Establishing a laser cutting system according to the scheme, and aiming at UO2The core block simulates the cutting of an element rod with the size phi of 20 multiplied by 0.5 multiplied by 800mm, the size phi of 17.5 multiplied by 22mm, and the outer cladding material 316Ti stainless steel.
The cutting process comprises laser power 4000W, cutting head focal length 125mm and light spot diameter 200 μm. The positive defocusing amount is 1mm, and the nozzle gap is 1 mm. Ar is selected as the auxiliary gas, and the pressure is 1.5 MPa.
When cutting, firstly selecting a point at the eccentric position of the analog element rod to carry out laser perforation, setting the perforation time to be 1.5s, carrying out transverse scanning cutting by laser after perforation, wherein the scanning speed is 500mm/min, firstly cutting the thick edge part, then cutting the narrow edge part, and cutting the UO within 3s2The core blocks simulate the component rods.
Experimental results show that the UO with the diameter phi of 20mm can be cut off within 3s according to the selected laser cutting process by adopting a 4kW optical fiber laser, configuring a 3kW Precitec planar laser cutting head, a KUKA six-axis robot for controlling the motion track of the cutting head, Ar purging gas with the pressure of 1.5MPa, corresponding operating tables, pressure stabilizing cabinets, water cooling machines and other auxiliary systems2The core blocks simulate the component rods.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (4)
1. A laser shearing process for the simulation element rod of spent fuel features that its Al is coated by stainless steel casing2O3The pellet composition is characterized in that: the laser cutting head is controlled by a six-axis robot to move along a track, after the focal length and the light spot of the laser cutting head are adjusted, firstly, a point is selected at the eccentric position of a spent fuel simulation element rod for laser perforation, after perforation, laser moves to a thick edge for scanning cutting, and the laser is closed after the cutting is finished; then controlling the laser cutting head to move towards the center direction, moving to the punching hole to open the laser, enabling the laser to move towards the narrow side direction, and carrying out scanning cutting until the spent fuel simulation element rod is cut off; the cutting technological parameters are laser power 4000W, focal length of the laser cutting head 125mm, diameter of a light spot 200 mu m, positive defocusing amount 1mm, and nozzle gap of the laser cutting head 1 mm.
2. The spent fuel simulation element rod laser shearing process of claim 1, wherein: in the scanning cutting process, nitrogen, oxygen or argon is used as auxiliary gas to blow off slag at high pressure, and the gas pressure is 1.5 Mpa.
3. The spent fuel simulation element rod laser shearing process of claim 1, wherein: the scanning speed of laser scanning cutting is 500 mm/min-600 mm/min.
4. The spent fuel simulation element rod laser shearing process of claim 1, wherein: the laser piercing time was set to 1.5 seconds.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910022392.4A CN109590620B (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | Laser shearing process for spent fuel simulation element rod |
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| CN201910022392.4A CN109590620B (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2019-01-09 | Laser shearing process for spent fuel simulation element rod |
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| CN109590620A CN109590620A (en) | 2019-04-09 |
| CN109590620B true CN109590620B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6214398U (en) * | 1985-07-11 | 1987-01-28 | ||
| JPH06186388A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Device for disassebling spent fuel rod |
| JPH06186387A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for disassembling spent fuel assembly and its device |
| JPH0829586A (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-02-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Total treating system for spent fuel |
| CN102205465A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | 杨贺来 | Method for processing trapezoidal slit sieve tube |
| CN105081579A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-25 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser machining method |
-
2019
- 2019-01-09 CN CN201910022392.4A patent/CN109590620B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6214398U (en) * | 1985-07-11 | 1987-01-28 | ||
| JPH06186388A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Device for disassebling spent fuel rod |
| JPH06186387A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Method for disassembling spent fuel assembly and its device |
| JPH0829586A (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-02-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Total treating system for spent fuel |
| CN102205465A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | 杨贺来 | Method for processing trapezoidal slit sieve tube |
| CN105081579A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-11-25 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser machining method |
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