CN109580177B - Airborne three-optical axis consistency testing assembly, system and testing method - Google Patents
Airborne three-optical axis consistency testing assembly, system and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109580177B CN109580177B CN201811314332.1A CN201811314332A CN109580177B CN 109580177 B CN109580177 B CN 109580177B CN 201811314332 A CN201811314332 A CN 201811314332A CN 109580177 B CN109580177 B CN 109580177B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0221—Testing optical properties by determining the optical axis or position of lenses
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Abstract
The invention relates to an airborne three-optical axis consistency testing component, a system and a testing method, wherein the testing component comprises a collimator, a beam splitter, a target plate, a CCD detector and a blackbody light source; the beam splitter, the target plate, the CCD detector and the blackbody light source are positioned at one end of the converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator; the target plate is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator; the blackbody light source is used for illuminating the target plate; the emergent light of the target plate reaches the convergent light entrance of the collimator through the beam splitter; the emergent light from the converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator passes through the beam splitter and reaches the CCD detector. The testing method comprises the steps of 1) reference transmission, 2) testing the optical axis deflection angle of a laser light path through a CCD detector, and 3) testing the respective deflection angles of the optical axis of a television light path and the optical axis of an infrared light path through a black body light source. The invention solves the problems of limited precision, high optical adjustment difficulty and unsuitable airborne existing in the existing test system and method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical measuring instruments, and particularly relates to an airborne three-optical-axis consistency testing component, an airborne three-optical-axis consistency testing system and an airborne three-optical-axis consistency testing method
Background
With the continuous application of the security reconnaissance field and the increasing complexity of application environments, in order to quickly and timely discover the target and realize real-time tracking and accurate measurement of the target in all-weather environments, the airborne optical sighting device has been converted from a traditional single-optical-axis system into a plurality of miniature sub-optical systems nowadays. The consistency of the three optical axes of the optical sighting telescope, namely the parallelism among the three optical axes of the laser optical path optical axis, the television optical path optical axis and the infrared optical path optical axis, has important influence on the performance of the whole system. How to perform high-precision real-time detection and calibration on the consistency of three optical axes of an airborne optical sighting device is a difficult problem to be solved at present.
The traditional optical sighting device three-optical axis consistency detection method is mostly based on laboratory environment research. The common projection target plate bulls-eye calibration method has the advantages of low cost and simple testing method, but the testing is greatly influenced by the environment, the testing precision is limited to a certain extent, and the real-time detection and calibration cannot be realized. The laser optical axis instrument method has self-diagnosis capability, can reduce the influence of human factors on measurement, but has high optical adjustment difficulty, strong specialization, and large volume of a test system, and is not suitable for airborne equipment. The pentaprism method is mainly characterized in that the optical axis deviation is caused by the transformation of the characteristic direction of the pentaprism in the test moving process, so that the measurement accuracy is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an airborne three-optical axis consistency test assembly, an airborne three-optical axis consistency test system and an airborne three-optical axis consistency test method
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to an airborne three-optical axis consistency testing component, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a collimator 15, a beam splitter 13, a target plate 12, a CCD detector 14 and a blackbody light source 11;
one end of the collimator 15 is a converging light entrance and a parallel light entrance;
the beam splitter 13, the target plate 12, the CCD detector 14 and the blackbody light source 11 are positioned at one end of the converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator 15; the target plate 12 is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator 15; the blackbody light source 11 is used for illuminating a target plate 12; the emergent light of the target plate 12 reaches the converging light entrance of the collimator tube 15 through the beam splitter 13; the collimator 15 condenses the outgoing light from the light entrance and exit to the CCD detector 14 via the beam splitter 13.
Further, the collimator 15 is an off-axis reflective collimator.
Further, the beam splitter 13 is a beam splitter prism.
Further, the inverse transmittance of the beam splitter 13 is 8:2, the CCD detector 14 is located on the reflection light path of the beam splitter 13, and the target plate 12 is located on the transmission light path of the beam splitter 13.
Further, the target plate 12 is a star point plate.
Further, the focal length of the collimator 15 is 1m, and the caliber of the collimator 15 is 50mm.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides an airborne three-optical axis consistency test system, which comprises the airborne three-optical axis consistency test assembly and a peripheral optical path;
the peripheral light path comprises a plane reflector 2, a first reflector 3, a second reflector 4, a first half-mirror 5 and a second half-mirror 6;
the plane reflecting mirror 2 is used for auto-collimation of the collimator 15;
the first half-mirror 5, the second mirror 4 and the first mirror 3 are sequentially arranged on an output light path of the laser light path, and emergent light of the laser light path can enter one end of a parallel light entrance of the collimator 15 through the first half-mirror 5, the second mirror 4 and the first mirror 3;
the second half mirror 6 is located on the transmission light path of the first half mirror 5, and the transmission light of the first half mirror 5 is incident to the television light path and the infrared light path through the second half mirror 6.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a method for carrying out the three-optical axis consistency test based on the airborne three-optical axis consistency test system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Reference transfer
1.1 A plane reflector 2 is arranged in front of a parallel light entrance of the collimator 15, the blackbody light source 11 illuminates the target plate 12, emergent light sequentially passes through the beam splitter 13 and the collimator 15 to reach the plane reflector 2, and after being reflected by the plane reflector 2, the light sequentially passes through the collimator 15 and the beam splitter 13 to reach the CCD detector 14;
1.2 Adjusting the mounting position of the CCD detector 14 to enable the image of the target plate 12 to fall on the center of the target surface of the CCD detector 14, thereby completing the transmission of the reference optical axis from the blackbody light source 11 to the CCD detector 14;
2) Testing the optical axis deflection angle of the laser path by means of the CCD detector 14
2.1 The plane mirror 2 is moved away from the entrance of the converging light of the collimator 15;
2.2 Strong laser emitted by a laser light path is attenuated and then sequentially reflected by the first half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror 5, the second reflecting mirror 4 and the first reflecting mirror 3, enters the collimator 15 from a parallel light entrance and exit of the collimator 15, is converged by the collimator 15, and then is emitted to reach the CCD detector 14 through the beam splitter 13 for imaging;
2.3 According to the imaging of the CCD detector 14, the offset angle of the optical axis of the laser light path relative to the optical axis of the CCD detector 14 can be calculated;
3) Testing the deflection angle of the optical axis of the television light path and the optical axis of the infrared light path by the blackbody light source 11
3.1 A blackbody light source 11 illuminates a target plate 12, and after being split by a beam splitter 13, one beam of light enters the collimator tube from a converging light entrance of the collimator tube 15 and then is emitted in parallel;
3.2 The emergent light of the collimator 15 sequentially passes through the first reflecting mirror 3, the second reflecting mirror 4, the first half-reflecting mirror 5 and the second half-reflecting mirror 6, and the two paths of light separated by the second half-reflecting mirror 6 are respectively received by a television light path and an infrared light path;
3.3 The imaging detectors carried by the television light path and the infrared light path respectively calculate the optical axis deflection angles of the respective optical axes relative to the blackbody light source 11.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to an airborne three-optical axis consistency testing component, which consists of a collimator, a beam splitter, a blackbody light source and a target plate, wherein when the testing component is used, a three-optical axis consistency testing system is formed by matching the testing component with a plane reflector and a peripheral circuit, and the system can be used for realizing consistency testing of three optical axes.
2. The airborne three-optical axis consistency test system adopts the off-axis reflective collimator, and additionally comprises two reflectors and two semi-transparent semi-reflective mirrors, so that measurement of wide-spectrum (visible light), laser and medium-wave infrared can be realized, and meanwhile, the off-axis collimator avoids the problem of the central blocking ratio of the main mirror.
3. According to the airborne three-optical-axis consistency testing system, the collimator in the testing component is designed by adopting the large-caliber long-focus off-axis collimator, the total volume of the system is 228mm multiplied by 77mm multiplied by 64mm, and the requirements of airborne miniaturization and light weight design are met.
4. According to the airborne three-optical-axis consistency testing system, the optical axis deflection angle of the laser light path is tested through the CCD detector, and the coordinate calculation is carried out on the laser spot offset by the CCD detector image acquisition processing technology, so that the digital detection is realized, and the system detection precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a three-axis consistent overall scheme provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the off-axis reflective collimator and beam splitter according to the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: the system comprises a 1-airborne three-optical axis consistency testing system, an 11-blackbody light source, a 12-target plate, a 13-beam splitter, a 14-CCD detector, a 15-collimator, a 151-primary mirror, a 152-secondary mirror, a 2-plane mirror, a 3-first mirror, a 4-second mirror, a 5-first half-mirror and a 6-second half-mirror.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the airborne tri-optic axis consistency test system 1 of the invention comprises an airborne tri-optic axis consistency test component and a peripheral light path, wherein the airborne tri-optic axis consistency test component comprises a collimator 15, a beam splitter 13, a star point plate, a CCD detector 14 and a blackbody light source 11; one end of the collimator 15 is a converging light entrance and a parallel light entrance; the beam splitter 13, the target plate 12, the CCD detector 14 and the blackbody light source 11 are positioned at one end of the converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator 15; the target plate 12 is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator 15; the blackbody light source 11 is used to illuminate the target plate 12; the emergent light of the target plate 12 reaches the convergent light entrance of the collimator tube 15 through the beam splitter 13; the collimator 15 condenses the outgoing light from the light entrance and exit to the CCD detector 14 via the beam splitter 13.
The CCD detector 14 is located on the reflection light path of the beam splitter 13, the star point plate is located on the transmission light path of the beam splitter 13, and in order to protect the CCD detector 14 from being damaged by laser, the beam splitter 13 has a transmission and reflection ratio of about 8:2 proportion coating film, make a small part of laser reflect to CCD detector 14 and detect. The collimator 15 is an off-axis reflective collimator 15. The beam splitter 13 is a beam splitter prism. The focal length of the collimator 15 is 1m, and the caliber of the collimator 15 is 50mm.
The peripheral light path comprises a plane reflector 2, a first reflector 3, a second reflector 4, a first half-mirror 5 and a second half-mirror 6; the plane reflecting mirror 2 is used for auto-collimation of the collimator 15; the first half-mirror 5, the second mirror 4 and the first mirror 3 are sequentially arranged on the output light path of the laser light path, and the emergent light of the laser light path can be incident to one end of the parallel light inlet and outlet of the collimator 15 through the first half-mirror 5, the second mirror 4 and the first mirror 3; the second half mirror 6 is located on the transmission light path of the first half mirror 5, and the transmission light of the first half mirror 5 is incident to the television light path and the infrared light path through the second half mirror 6.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light path principle of the off-axis reflective collimator 15 and the beam splitter 13, where the off-axis reflective collimator 15 includes a primary mirror 151 and a secondary mirror 152, and the light emitted from the focal point of the collimator 15 is emitted in parallel after passing through the beam splitter 13, the secondary mirror 152 and the primary mirror 151; based on the principle of reversible optical paths, the parallel light incident on the main mirror 151 is converged at the focal point after passing through the sub-mirror 152 and the beam splitter 13.
The method for carrying out the three-optical axis consistency test based on the airborne three-optical axis consistency test system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) Reference transfer
1.1 A plane reflector 2 is arranged in front of a parallel light entrance of the collimator 15, the blackbody light source 11 illuminates the target plate 12, emergent light sequentially passes through the beam splitter 13 and the collimator 15 to reach the plane reflector 2, and after being reflected by the plane reflector 2, the light sequentially passes through the collimator 15 and the beam splitter 13 to reach the CCD detector 14;
1.2 Adjusting the mounting position of the CCD detector 14 to enable the image of the target plate 12 to fall on the center of the target surface of the CCD detector 14, thereby completing the transmission of the reference optical axis from the blackbody light source 11 to the CCD detector 14;
2) Testing the optical axis deflection angle of the laser path by means of the CCD detector 14
2.1 The plane mirror 2 is moved away from the entrance of the converging light of the collimator 15;
2.2 Strong laser emitted by a laser light path is attenuated by an attenuation sheet and sequentially passes through the first half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror 5, the second reflecting mirror 4 and the first reflecting mirror 3, enters the collimator 15 from a parallel light entrance and exit of the collimator 15, is converged by the collimator 15, and then is emitted to reach the CCD detector 14 by the beam splitter 13 for imaging;
2.3 Calculating an optical axis offset angle of the laser light path with respect to the CCD detector 14 according to the imaging of the CCD detector 14;
3) Testing the deflection angle of the optical axis of the television light path and the optical axis of the infrared light path by the blackbody light source 11
3.1 The blackbody light source 11 illuminates the target plate 12, and emergent light rays enter the collimator 15 from the converging light entrance of the collimator 15 after passing through the beam splitter 13 and are emergent in parallel from the parallel light entrance of the collimator 15;
3.2 The emergent light of the collimator 15 sequentially passes through the first reflecting mirror 3, the second reflecting mirror 4, the first half-reflecting mirror 5 and the second half-reflecting mirror 6, and the two paths of light separated by the second half-reflecting mirror 6 are respectively received by a television light path and an infrared light path;
3.3 The detectors carried by the television light path and the infrared light path respectively calculate the optical axis deflection angles of the television light path and the infrared light path relative to the blackbody light source 11.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
because the CCD detector optical axis and the blackbody light source optical axis pass through the collimator auto-collimation, the CCD detector optical axis and the blackbody light source optical axis are in a conjugate relationship, the optical axis deflection angle of the laser optical path relative to the CCD detector 14 is measured through the step 2), the optical axis deflection angle of the television optical path and the infrared optical path relative to the blackbody light source 11 is measured through the step 3), and the included angle relationship among the three optical axes of the laser optical path optical axis, the television optical path optical axis and the infrared optical path optical axis is known, so that the consistency measurement of the laser optical path optical axis, the television optical path optical axis and the infrared optical path optical axis is completed.
Claims (7)
1. An airborne three-optical axis consistency test system is characterized in that: the device comprises an airborne three-optical axis consistency test assembly and a peripheral optical path;
the airborne three-optical axis consistency testing component comprises a collimator (15), a beam splitter (13), a target plate (12), a CCD detector (14) and a blackbody light source (11);
one end of the collimator tube (15) is a convergent light entrance and a parallel light entrance;
the beam splitter (13), the target plate (12), the CCD detector (14) and the blackbody light source (11) are positioned at one end of the converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator (15); the target plate (12) is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator (15); the blackbody light source (11) is used for illuminating a target plate (12); the emergent light of the target plate (12) reaches a converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator (15) through the beam splitter (13); the emergent light from the converging light inlet and outlet of the collimator (15) reaches the CCD detector (14) through the beam splitter (13);
the peripheral light path comprises a plane reflecting mirror (2), a first reflecting mirror (3), a second reflecting mirror (4), a first half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror (5) and a second half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror (6);
the plane reflecting mirror (2) is used for auto-collimation of the collimator (15);
the first half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror (5), the second reflecting mirror (4) and the first reflecting mirror (3) are sequentially arranged on an output light path of a laser light path, and emergent light of the laser light path can enter one end of a parallel light inlet and outlet of the collimator (15) through the first half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror (5), the second reflecting mirror (4) and the first reflecting mirror (3);
the second half-mirror (6) is positioned on a transmission light path of the first half-mirror (5), and the transmission light of the first half-mirror (5) is incident to a television light path and an infrared light path through the second half-mirror (6).
2. The on-board tri-optic axis conformance test system of claim 1, wherein:
the collimator (15) is an off-axis reflective collimator.
3. The on-board tri-optic axis conformance test system of claim 2, wherein:
the beam splitter (13) is a beam splitter prism.
4. An on-board tri-optic axis conformance test system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the transmission ratio of the beam splitter (13) is 8:2, the CCD detector (14) is positioned on a reflection light path of the beam splitter (13), and the target plate (12) is positioned on a transmission light path of the beam splitter (13).
5. The on-board tri-optic axis conformance test system of claim 4, wherein:
the target plate (12) is a star point plate.
6. The on-board tri-optic axis conformance test system of claim 5, wherein:
the focal length of the collimator (15) is 1m, and the caliber of the collimator (15) is 50mm.
7. A method of performing a three-axis conformance test based on the on-board three-axis conformance test system of any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
1) Reference transfer
1.1 The plane reflector (2) is placed in front of a parallel light entrance of the collimator (15), the blackbody light source (11) illuminates the target plate (12), emergent light sequentially passes through the beam splitter (13) and the collimator (15) to reach the plane reflector (2), and after being reflected by the plane reflector (2), the light sequentially passes through the collimator (15) and the beam splitter (13) to reach the CCD detector (14);
1.2 Adjusting the mounting position of the CCD detector (14) to enable the image of the target plate (12) to fall on the center of the target surface of the CCD detector (14), thereby completing the transmission of the reference optical axis from the blackbody light source (11) to the CCD detector (14);
2) Testing the optical axis deflection angle of the laser path by a CCD detector (14)
2.1 The plane reflector (2) is moved away from the front of the entrance of the convergent light of the collimator (15);
2.2 Strong laser emitted by a laser light path is attenuated and then sequentially reflected by a first semi-transparent semi-reflecting mirror (5), a second reflecting mirror (4) and a first reflecting mirror (3), enters a collimator (15) from a parallel light entrance of the collimator (15), is converged by the collimator (15), and then emitted laser reaches a CCD detector (14) through a beam splitter (13) to image;
2.3 According to the imaging of the CCD detector (14), the optical axis deflection angle of the laser light path relative to the CCD detector (14) can be calculated;
3) Testing deflection angles of optical axis of television light path and optical axis of infrared light path through blackbody light source (11)
3.1 A blackbody light source (11) illuminates a target plate (12), and after being split by a beam splitter (13), one beam of light enters the collimator tube from a converging light entrance of the collimator tube (15) and then is emitted in parallel;
3.2 The emergent light of the collimator (15) sequentially passes through the first reflecting mirror (3), the second reflecting mirror (4), the first half-reflecting mirror (5) and the second half-reflecting mirror (6), and two paths of light separated by the second half-reflecting mirror (6) are respectively received by a television light path and an infrared light path;
3.3 The imaging detectors carried by the television light path and the infrared light path respectively calculate the optical axis deflection angles of the respective optical axes relative to the blackbody light source (11).
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| CN111442910A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | High-precision multi-optical-axis consistency measurement system and method |
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| CN113847844A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-12-28 | 湖南华南光电(集团)有限责任公司 | Optical axis consistency adjusting method and device for wide-spectrum multi-light-path observation and aiming platform |
| CN113985618B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-22 | 广东麦特维逊医学研究发展有限公司 | Optical axis automatic alignment device and working method thereof |
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