CN109579721A - A kind of biaxial stretch-formed extensometer measurement method of view-based access control model tracking - Google Patents
A kind of biaxial stretch-formed extensometer measurement method of view-based access control model tracking Download PDFInfo
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- CN109579721A CN109579721A CN201811496196.2A CN201811496196A CN109579721A CN 109579721 A CN109579721 A CN 109579721A CN 201811496196 A CN201811496196 A CN 201811496196A CN 109579721 A CN109579721 A CN 109579721A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biaxial stretch-formed extensometer measurement methods of view-based access control model tracking, comprising: experimental material is fixed on chest expander both ends；LED light source is opened, Image Acquisition is carried out to the experimental material using industrial camera；The image after acquisition is demarcated using scaling board, and the coordinate of image is converted into world coordinates；Two points of A, B are arranged in X-axis to the image after progress coordinate conversion and two points of C, D are set in Y-axis, create tetra- templates of ABCD；Start chest expander, obtains the image for updating experimental material stress deformation；The image that matching compares the update is carried out using the template of creation, the region that template matching comparison is subjected to displacement to these simultaneously records corresponding position, and acquisition, which calculates the distance between A point, B point and obtains, calculates the distance between C point, D point, until material fracture；The pulling force data of chest expander and the experimental material are depicted as stress strain curve in the displacement data of X-axis and Y-axis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biaxial stretch-formed measurements of extending that machine vision metrology field more particularly to a kind of view-based access control model track
Amount method.
Background technique
When traditional extensometer will do the measurement of the plastic strain ratio of sheet metal specified width, which width, conventional method experiment is needed
To be tested by least twice, and every time experiment all can spolied materials so the sample of experiment twice is not the same,
The large area of experimental sample is caused to waste.The present invention can not only one-shot measurement multi-group data, and test whole traceable, survey
Examination process can play back, and finish primary test and can modify repeatedly test condition and analyzed again, not unrestrained without doing experiment repeatedly
Take any sample.
Summary of the invention
There is label extensometer dynamic measurement method the present invention provides a kind of tracking of view-based access control model, to solve traditional test
In method experiment need to test by least twice, and every time experiment all can spolied materials the technical issues of, so as to primary
Multi-group data is measured, and tests whole process and can be traced, test process can play back, and then realize without doing experiment repeatedly, save material
Expect resource.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of biaxial stretch-formed the extending of view-based access control model tracking
Count measurement method, comprising:
Experimental material is fixed on chest expander both ends；
LED light source is opened, Image Acquisition is carried out to the experimental material using industrial camera；
The image after acquisition is demarcated using scaling board, and the coordinate of image is converted into world coordinates；
Two points of A, B are arranged in X-axis to the image after progress coordinate conversion and two points of C, D, creation are set in Y-axis
Tetra- templates of ABCD；
Start chest expander, obtains the image for updating experimental material stress deformation；
The image that matching compares the update is carried out using the template of creation, tetra- template areas former ABCD can be because of material
It stretches and generates displacement, the region that template matching comparison is subjected to displacement to these simultaneously records corresponding position, obtains and calculates A point, B
The distance between point and acquisition calculate the distance between C point, D point, until material is broken；
The pulling force data of chest expander and the experimental material are depicted as stress strain curve in the displacement data of X-axis and Y-axis,
Corresponding parameter is calculated according to requirement of experiment.
Preferably, the opening LED light source carries out Image Acquisition to the experimental material using industrial camera,
Further include: focal length and the time for exposure for adjusting LED light source brightness and camera, so that collecting the image of better quality.
Preferably, the LED light source is red LED light source.
Preferably, the described pair of image carried out after coordinate conversion is arranged two points of A, B in X-axis and sets in Y-axis
Two points of C, D are set, four templates are created, comprising:
First point A is set in X-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on A point, obtains A point coordinate and A rectangle
Image is trained to matching template；
Second point B is set in X-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on B point, obtains B point coordinate and B rectangle
Image is trained to matching template；
In Y-axis setting third point C, a rectangle size centered on C point is generated, obtains C point coordinate and C rectangle
Image is trained to matching template；
The 4th point D be set in Y-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on D point, obtains D point coordinate and D rectangle
Image is trained to matching template.
It is preferably, described to be trained to matching template, specifically: obtain pixel all in identification rectangular image
Point, establishes a template library, and when matching matches template library with target image.
Preferably, the rectangle size is 80mm*80mm.
Preferably, the template using creation carries out the image that matching compares the update, former ABCD tetra-
Template area can generate displacement because material stretches, and the region that template matching comparison is subjected to displacement to these simultaneously records corresponding
Position, comprising:
One picture of every update, four templates will respectively the upper left corner of picture from left to right, ground mat from top to bottom
Run-down calculates the NCC value of pixel and template pixel in the rear hatch of every one pixel of movement；
The maximum region of NCC value is chosen, sets the region that corresponding templates are matched to for its maximum region.
Preferably, the calculating of the NCC value, comprising:
Wherein T indicates that template image, F indicate testing image, and what t (u, v) was represented is u row, the in template image T
The gray value of the pixel of v column；Similarly, what f (r+u, c+v) was represented is the gray scale of the r+u row of testing image, c+v column pixel
Value；mtIndicate template average gray value；What is represented is the variance of template gray value；mf(r, c) indicates the average ash of testing image
Angle value；What is represented is testing image gray value variance；The value range of NCC be [- 1,1], 1 represent it is completely the same, -1
It represents completely on the contrary, its value can use its absolute value.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
Solve conventional test methodologies in experiment need to test by least twice, and every time experiment all can spolied materials skill
Art problem so as to one-shot measurement multi-group data, and is tested whole process and be can be traced, and test process can play back, and then realize nothing
It need to do experiment repeatedly, save material resources.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: for the method step flow diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2: for the schematic diagram of the drawing image template in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3: for the schematic diagram of each template matching in the matching process in the embodiment of the present invention to target area.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of biaxial stretch-formed extensometer measurement of view-based access control model tracking
Method, comprising:
Experimental material is fixed on chest expander both ends；
LED light source is opened, Image Acquisition is carried out to the experimental material using industrial camera；
The image after acquisition is demarcated using scaling board, and the coordinate of image is converted into world coordinates；
Two points of A, B are arranged in X-axis to the image after progress coordinate conversion and two points of C, D, creation are set in Y-axis
Tetra- templates of ABCD；
Start chest expander, obtains the image for updating experimental material stress deformation；
The image that matching compares the update is carried out using the template of creation, tetra- template areas former ABCD can be because of material
It stretches and generates displacement, the region that template matching comparison is subjected to displacement to these simultaneously records corresponding position, obtains and calculates A point, B
The distance between point and acquisition calculate the distance between C point, D point, until material is broken；
The pulling force data of chest expander and the experimental material are depicted as stress strain curve in the displacement data of X-axis and Y-axis,
Corresponding parameter is calculated according to requirement of experiment.
In the present embodiment, the opening LED light source carries out Image Acquisition to the experimental material using industrial camera,
Further include: focal length and the time for exposure for adjusting LED light source brightness and camera, so that collecting the image of better quality.
In the present embodiment, the LED light source is red LED light source.
In the present embodiment, the described pair of image carried out after coordinate conversion is arranged two points of A, B in X-axis and sets in Y-axis
Two points of C, D are set, four templates are created, comprising:
First point A is set in X-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on A point, obtains A point coordinate and A rectangle
Image is trained to matching template；
Second point B is set in X-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on B point, obtains B point coordinate and B rectangle
Image is trained to matching template；
In Y-axis setting third point C, a rectangle size centered on C point is generated, obtains C point coordinate and C rectangle
Image is trained to matching template；
The 4th point D be set in Y-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on D point, obtains D point coordinate and D rectangle
Image is trained to matching template.
It is in the present embodiment, described to be trained to matching template, specifically: obtain pixel all in identification rectangular image
Point, establishes a template library, and when matching matches template library with target image.
In the present embodiment, the rectangle size is 80mm*80mm.
In the present embodiment, the template using creation carries out the image that matching compares the update, former ABCD tetra-
Template area can generate displacement because material stretches, and the region that template matching comparison is subjected to displacement to these simultaneously records corresponding
Position, comprising:
One picture of every update, four templates will respectively the upper left corner of picture from left to right, ground mat from top to bottom
Run-down calculates the NCC value of pixel and template pixel in the rear hatch of every one pixel of movement；
The maximum region of NCC value is chosen, sets the region that corresponding templates are matched to for its maximum region.
In the present embodiment, the calculating of the NCC value, comprising:
Wherein T indicates that template image, F indicate testing image, and what t (u, v) was represented is u row, the in template image T
The gray value of the pixel of v column.Similarly, what f (r+u, c+v) was represented is the gray scale of the r+u row of testing image, c+v column pixel
Value；mtIndicate template average gray value；What is represented is the variance of template gray value；mf(r, c) indicates the average ash of testing image
Angle value；What is represented is testing image gray value variance；The value range of NCC be [- 1,1], 1 represent it is completely the same, -1
It represents completely on the contrary, its value can use its absolute value.
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention is described in detail.
Step 1: material is fixed experimentally, by taking screw-thread steel as an example, as shown in Figure 2
Step 2: opening light source and image capturing system, image can be real-time transmitted to computer and save at this time；Light
Source uses LED feux rouges, and feux rouges stability is more preferable.
Step 3: it focuses to camera, adjusting time for exposure and the image that will be transmitted to computer are pre-processed,
The picture being more clear；
Step 4: the image after step 3 acquisition being demarcated with scaling board, this step purpose has two: first, eliminating figure mirror
Head is to the distortion effects of image, second, the distance on image is can be converted into pixel unit after calibration as unit of pixel
Length unit, such as millimeter, centimetre etc.；
Step 5: starting drawing template establishment, the present invention need to only click the two point AB and Y-axis of X-direction in operation
Two point CD on direction can create four templates, and internal specific creation process is as follows:
5-1: when clicking at one, by taking A as an example, system obtains A point coordinate automatically.Automatically generate on the image one with
A point is the rectangle of center 80*80, and size can be changed with user intention.The rectangle is cut out to come in the picture, is trained to matching
Template；
5-2: the process for being trained to template is to identify that 5-1 is cut out pixel all in the picture come, establishes one
Template library, when matching, match template library with target image；
5-3: tri- templates of remaining BCD are similarly established；
Step 6: chest expander starting, stretching experiment start, and experimental material stress starts gradually to deform, and picture is constantly updated.
Step 7: the picture for going matching step 6 to constantly update using the template created through step 5, tetra- region meetings of former ABCD
Displacement is generated because material stretches, the region that template matching is subjected to displacement to these and the position for recording them, specifically:
7-1: by taking template A as an example, when one picture of every update in step 6, template A will the upper left corner of picture from a left side to
The right side, ground mat run-down, calculates the NCC value of pixel and template pixel in the rear hatch of every one pixel of movement from top to bottom；
7-2:NCC value calculation:
Wherein T indicates that template image, F indicate testing image, and what t (u, v) was represented is u row, the in template image T
The gray value of the pixel of v column.Similarly, what f (r+u, c+v) was represented is the gray scale of the r+u row of testing image, c+v column pixel
Value；mtIndicate template average gray value；What is represented is the variance of template gray value；mf(r, c) indicates the average ash of testing image
Angle value；What is represented is testing image gray value variance；
The value range of 7-3:NCC is [- 1,1], and 1 represents completely the same, -1 representative completely opposite (white gravoply, with black engraved characters and surplus
The relationship of white background).Real process can use its absolute value.
7-4: automatic to choose the maximum region of NCC value, here it is the regions that template A is matched to；
7-5: similarly, template BCD matches corresponding region；
Step 8: calculating AB distance, CD distance；
Step 9: repeating step 7 and step 8, until material is broken, figure is adopted in image capturing system stopping；
Step 10: the pulling force data of chest expander and material are drawn into stress strain curve in displacement data axially and radially,
Calculate the plastic strain ratio of material, Poisson's ratio etc..
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, the protection being not intended to limit the present invention
Range.It particularly points out, to those skilled in the art, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, that is done any repairs
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of biaxial stretch-formed extensometer measurement method of view-based access control model tracking characterized by comprising
Experimental material is fixed on chest expander both ends；
LED light source is opened, Image Acquisition is carried out to the experimental material using industrial camera；
The image after acquisition is demarcated using scaling board, and the coordinate of image is converted into world coordinates；
Two points of A, B are arranged in X-axis to the image after progress coordinate conversion and two points of C, D are set in Y-axis, create ABCD tetra-
A template；
Start chest expander, obtains the image for updating experimental material stress deformation；
The image that matching compares the update is carried out using the template of creation, tetra- template areas former ABCD can be because material stretches
And generate displacement, the region that is subjected to displacement to these of template matching comparison simultaneously records corresponding position, obtain calculating A point, B point it
Between distance and obtain and calculate C point, the distance between D point, until material is broken；
The pulling force data of chest expander and the experimental material are depicted as stress strain curve in the displacement data of X-axis and Y-axis, according to
Requirement of experiment calculates corresponding parameter.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the opening LED light source, using industrial camera to the experiment
Material carries out Image Acquisition, further includes: focal length and the time for exposure for adjusting LED light source brightness and camera, so that collecting matter
Measure better image.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the LED light source is red LED light source.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that A, B is arranged in X-axis in the described pair of image carried out after coordinate conversion
Two points and Y-axis be arranged two points of C, D, create four templates, comprising:
First point A is set in X-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on A point, obtains the figure of A point coordinate and A rectangle
Picture is trained to matching template；
Second point B is set in X-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on B point, obtains the figure of B point coordinate and B rectangle
Picture is trained to matching template；
In Y-axis setting third point C, a rectangle size centered on C point is generated, the figure of C point coordinate and C rectangle is obtained
Picture is trained to matching template；
The 4th point D is set in Y-axis, generates a rectangle size centered on D point, obtains the figure of D point coordinate and D rectangle
Picture is trained to matching template.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that it is described to be trained to matching template, specifically: obtain identification rectangle
All pixels in image, establish a template library, and when matching matches template library with target image.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the rectangle size is 80mm*80mm.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the template using creation carries out matching and compares the update
Image, tetra- template areas former ABCD can generate displacement because material stretches, and template matching comparison is subjected to displacement to these
Region and record corresponding position, comprising:
One picture of every update, four templates will respectively the upper left corner of picture from left to right, ground mat scans from top to bottom
Once, the NCC value of pixel and template pixel in the rear hatch of every one pixel of movement is calculated；
The maximum region of NCC value is chosen, sets the region that corresponding templates are matched to for its maximum region.
8. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that the calculating of the NCC value, comprising:
Wherein T indicates that template image, F indicate testing image, and what t (u, v) was represented is u row, v column in template image T
Pixel gray value；Similarly, what f (r+u, c+v) was represented is the gray value of the r+u row of testing image, c+v column pixel；
mtIndicate template average gray value；What is represented is the variance of template gray value；mf(r, c) indicates testing image average gray
Value；What is represented is testing image gray value variance；The value range of NCC is [- 1,1], and 1 represents completely the same, -1 generation
Table is completely on the contrary, its value can use its absolute value.
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| CN112697588A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-23 | 沈阳工业大学 | Cable protective sleeve elongation measuring device based on vision and using method |
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