CN109556594B - Optical fiber gyroscope based on optical fiber ring resonant cavity induction transparency and absorption effect - Google Patents
Optical fiber gyroscope based on optical fiber ring resonant cavity induction transparency and absorption effect Download PDFInfo
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/725—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers using nxn optical couplers, e.g. 3x3 couplers
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber-optic gyroscope based on the sensing transparency and absorption effect of a fiber-optic ring resonator, which comprises three fiber-optic ring resonators, wherein two oppositely transmitted light waves exist in a first fiber-optic ring resonator, only the light wave transmitted in a first direction exists in a second fiber-optic ring resonator, only the light wave transmitted in a second direction exists in a third fiber-optic ring resonator, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. The first optical fiber ring resonant cavity interacts with the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity to generate a sensing transparent effect, the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity interacts with the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity to generate a sensing absorption effect, the rotation speed is obtained according to the difference value of the central frequencies of the sensing transparent effect and the sensing absorption effect, and the rotation speed direction is obtained according to the relative positions of the sensing transparent effect and the sensing absorption effect. The invention has simple structure and high precision, does not contain a phase modulation device, and can distinguish the rotating speed direction without carrying out phase modulation on optical signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, in particular to a fiber optic gyroscope based on an optical fiber ring resonator inductive transparency and absorption effect.
Background
In 1976, the first fiber-optic gyroscope in the world was successfully developed by v.vali and r.w. Shorthill of the university of Utah, and once the fiber-optic gyroscope came out, the fiber-optic gyroscope attracted extensive attention worldwide with the advantages of fast start, long life, low power consumption, small volume, and the like, and rapidly developed. The working principle of the fiber-optic gyroscope is based on the Sagnac effect, namely, in the transmission process of light waves, additional phases can be generated due to the rotation of relative inertia space. At present, a fiber ring resonator is used in a conventional resonant fiber gyroscope, when the gyroscope rotates, the resonant frequency of a light wave in the fiber ring resonator changes with the rotation speed, and for two light waves transmitted in opposite directions in the fiber ring resonator, the transmission directions of the two light waves are opposite, the transmission direction of one light wave is the same as the rotation speed direction, and the transmission direction of the other light wave is different from the rotation speed direction, so that the resonant frequencies of the two light waves transmitted in opposite directions are different, and the difference between the two resonant frequencies is in direct proportion to the rotation speed, so that the rotation speed can be measured by detecting the resonant frequency difference value between the two light waves transmitted in opposite directions in the resonant fiber gyroscope.
However, for the traditional resonant fiber optic gyroscope, only one fiber ring resonator is provided, and the resonance spectrum of light waves is wide, so that the precision of the gyroscope is difficult to further improve; on the other hand, two light waves transmitted in opposite directions in the gyroscope are resonated in the same optical fiber ring resonator, and the resonant spectrums of the two light waves are the same and cannot be distinguished, so that the rotation speed direction is difficult to distinguish, and the rotation speed direction can be distinguished only by adding optical devices such as a phase modulator and a complex signal processing system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional resonant fiber-optic gyroscope is low in precision, complex in structure and difficult in resolution of the rotating speed direction, and provides a fiber-optic gyroscope based on the optical fiber ring resonant cavity induction transparency and absorption effect.
The invention provides a fiber optic gyroscope based on the transparent and absorption effect of the fiber ring resonator, comprising:
the device comprises a voltage signal source, a laser, a polarization controller and a first optical fiber beam splitter which are connected in sequence;
the first optical fiber beam splitter is connected with the second optical fiber beam splitter and the third optical fiber beam splitter respectively;
the optical fiber coupler is also connected with the second optical fiber beam splitter and the third optical fiber beam splitter respectively;
the first optical fiber ring is connected with the optical fiber coupler and the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler to form a first optical fiber ring resonant cavity, and light waves which are transmitted in the first direction and the second direction oppositely exist in the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity;
the second optical fiber ring is connected with the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler and the second optical fiber isolator to form a second optical fiber ring resonant cavity, and light waves transmitted in the first direction exist in the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity;
the third optical fiber ring is connected with the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler and the first optical fiber isolator to form a third optical fiber ring resonant cavity, and light waves transmitted in the second direction exist in the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity;
the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler to generate an induction transparent effect; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler to generate an inductive absorption effect.
Optionally, the fiber optic gyroscope further comprises:
the first detector is connected with the second optical fiber beam splitter;
the second detector is connected with the third optical fiber beam splitter;
the signal processing system is respectively connected with the first detector and the second detector;
the induced transparency effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity is output by the optical fiber coupler, enters the second detector through the third optical fiber beam splitter for detection, is converted into an electric signal, and is sent into the signal processing system to generate the central frequency of the induced transparency effect;
the induced absorption effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity is output by the optical fiber coupler, enters the first detector through the second optical fiber beam splitter for detection, is converted into an electric signal, and is transmitted to the signal processing system to generate the central frequency of the induced absorption effect;
the signal processing system obtains the rotation speed according to the difference value of the central frequency of the induction transparency effect and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect; obtaining the rotating speed direction according to the relative position of the induction transparent effect and the induction absorption effect; the gyro output signal output by the signal processing system includes the magnitude of the rotation speed and the direction of the rotation speed.
Optionally, an electrical signal output end of the voltage signal source is connected to a modulation signal input end of the laser, an optical output end of the laser is connected to an optical input end of the polarization controller, and an optical output end of the polarization controller is connected to an optical input end of the first optical fiber beam splitter;
the first optical output end of the first optical fiber beam splitter is connected with the optical input end of the second optical fiber beam splitter, and the second optical output end of the first optical fiber beam splitter is connected with the optical input end of the third optical fiber beam splitter; the optical input and output end of the second optical fiber beam splitter is connected with the first optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler, and the optical input and output end of the third optical fiber beam splitter is connected with the second optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler.
Optionally, the first optical fiber ring is connected to the third optical input/output end of the optical fiber coupler, the first optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler, the second optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler, and the fourth optical input/output end of the optical fiber coupler;
the second optical fiber ring is connected with a third optical input and output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler, an optical input end of the second optical fiber isolator, an optical output end of the second optical fiber isolator and a fourth optical input and output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler;
and the third optical fiber ring is connected with the fifth optical input and output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler, the optical input end of the first optical fiber isolator, the optical output end of the first optical fiber isolator and the sixth optical input and output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler.
Optionally, an optical output end of the second optical fiber beam splitter is connected to an optical input end of the first detector, and an electrical signal output end of the first detector is connected to a first electrical signal input end of the signal processing system; the optical output end of the third optical fiber beam splitter is connected with the optical input end of the second detector, and the electrical signal output end of the second detector is connected with the second electrical signal input end of the signal processing system; and an electric signal output end of the signal processing system outputs a gyro output signal.
Optionally, the signal processing system includes a band-pass filter circuit, an amplifying circuit, an extracting circuit, and a difference output circuit:
the signal of telecommunication output end connection band-pass filter circuit's of first detector first signal of telecommunication input, the signal of telecommunication output end connection band-pass filter circuit's of second signal of telecommunication input end, band-pass filter circuit's the signal of telecommunication output end connection amplifier circuit's the signal of telecommunication input end, amplifier circuit's the signal of telecommunication output end connection draws circuit's the signal of telecommunication input end, draw circuit's the signal of telecommunication output end connection difference output circuit's the signal of telecommunication input end, difference output circuit's the signal of telecommunication output gyro output signal.
Optionally, a triangular wave voltage signal output by the voltage signal source is loaded to the laser to tune the frequency of light output by the laser; the output light of the laser enters a polarization controller to select the polarization state of the light; the output light of the polarization controller is divided into two beams of light after passing through the first optical fiber beam splitter;
one beam of light output by the first optical fiber beam splitter enters the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity through the second optical fiber beam splitter and the optical fiber coupler and is transmitted and resonated in the first direction, and also enters the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity when passing through the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler and is transmitted and resonated in the first direction; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler, and the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact and generate an inductive transparent effect by selecting the coupling ratio of a third optical input/output end and a fourth optical input/output end of the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler;
the other beam of light output by the first optical fiber beam splitter enters the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity through the third optical fiber beam splitter and the optical fiber coupler and is transmitted and resonated in the second direction, and enters the third optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity when passing through the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler and is transmitted and resonated in the second direction; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler, and the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact and generate an inductive absorption effect by selecting the coupling ratio of a fifth optical input/output end and a sixth optical input/output end of the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler.
Optionally, the center frequency of the induced transparency effect varies with the rotation speed, when the rotation speed direction is the second direction, the center frequency of the induced transparency effect moves to a high frequency direction, when the rotation speed direction is the first direction, the center frequency of the induced transparency effect moves to a low frequency direction, and the larger the rotation speed, the larger the offset of the center frequency of the induced transparency effect;
the central frequency of the induction absorption effect changes along with the rotation speed, when the rotation speed direction is the second direction, the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to the low-frequency direction, when the rotation speed direction is the first direction, the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to the high-frequency direction, and the larger the rotation speed is, the larger the offset of the central frequency of the induction absorption effect is;
when the rotating speed is zero, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect is the same as that of the induction absorption effect, when the rotating speed direction is a second direction, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect moves to a high-frequency direction, and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to a low-frequency direction; when the rotating speed direction is a first direction, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect moves to a low-frequency direction, and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to a high-frequency direction; and the larger the rotation speed, the larger the offset of the center frequency of the induced transparency effect from the center frequency of the induced absorption effect.
Optionally, the first direction is counter-clockwise and the second direction is clockwise.
Optionally, the first optical fiber ring, the second optical fiber ring and the third optical fiber ring are hollow coils wound by optical fibers, the three optical fibers use optical fibers with completely the same specification, and the optical fiber rings have the same length.
Compared with the prior art, the fiber-optic gyroscope based on the fiber-optic ring resonator sensing transparency and absorption effect comprises three fiber-optic ring resonators, two oppositely transmitted light waves exist in the first fiber-optic ring resonator, only a single transmission direction of light waves exists in the second fiber-optic ring resonator, only a single transmission direction of light waves exists in the third fiber-optic ring resonator, and the transmission direction of the light waves in the second fiber-optic ring resonator is opposite to the transmission direction of the light waves in the third fiber-optic ring resonator.
The first optical fiber ring resonant cavity interacts with the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity to generate a sensing transparent effect, the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity interacts with the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity to generate a sensing absorption effect, the rotation speed is obtained according to the difference value of the central frequencies of the sensing transparent effect and the sensing absorption effect, and the rotation speed direction is obtained according to the relative positions of the sensing transparent effect and the sensing absorption effect.
The invention has simple structure and high precision, does not contain a phase modulation device, and can distinguish the rotating speed direction without carrying out phase modulation on optical signals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the signal processing system of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2 in a matching manner, the fiber optic gyroscope based on the fiber ring resonator induced transparency and absorption effect provided by the invention comprises a voltage signal source 1, a laser 2, a polarization controller 3, a first fiber beam splitter 4, a first detector 5, a second fiber beam splitter 6, a fiber coupler 7, a first fiber ring 8, a second fiber ring 9, a third fiber ring 10, a 3 × 3 fiber coupler 11, a first fiber isolator 12, a second fiber isolator 13, a third fiber beam splitter 14, a second detector 15, and a signal processing system 16.
The electrical signal output end of the voltage signal source 1 is connected with the modulation signal input end of the laser 2, the optical output end of the laser 2 is connected with the optical input end of the polarization controller 3, and the optical output end of the polarization controller 3 is connected with the optical input end of the first optical fiber beam splitter 4.
A first optical output end of the first optical fiber beam splitter 4 is connected with an optical input end of the second optical fiber beam splitter 6, and a second optical output end of the first optical fiber beam splitter 4 is connected with an optical input end of the third optical fiber beam splitter 14; the optical input/output end of the second optical splitter 6 is connected to the first optical input/output end of the optical fiber coupler 7, and the optical input/output end of the third optical splitter 14 is connected to the second optical input/output end of the optical fiber coupler 7.
The first optical fiber ring 8, the second optical fiber ring 9 and the third optical fiber ring 10 are hollow coils wound by optical fibers; the first optical fiber ring 8, the second optical fiber ring 9 and the third optical fiber ring 10 use optical fibers with the same specification, and the optical fiber rings have the same length (in the figure, the proportions are adjusted only for conveniently displaying the optical fibers separately, and the specifications of the actually wound three optical fiber rings are the same).
The first optical fiber ring 8 is connected with the third optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler 7, the first optical input and output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, the second optical input and output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11 and the fourth optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler 7; the first optical fiber ring 8, the optical fiber coupler 7 and the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11 form a first optical fiber ring resonator, and two oppositely transmitted light waves exist in the first optical fiber ring resonator.
The second optical fiber ring 9 is connected to the third optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, the optical input end of the second optical fiber isolator 13, the optical output end of the second optical fiber isolator 13, and the fourth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11; the second optical fiber ring 9, the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, and the second optical fiber isolator 13 form a second optical fiber ring resonator, and only the optical wave in a single transmission direction exists in the second optical fiber ring resonator.
The third optical fiber ring 10 is connected to the fifth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, the optical input end of the first optical fiber isolator 12, the optical output end of the first optical fiber isolator 12, and the sixth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11; a third optical fiber ring resonator is formed by the third optical fiber ring 10, the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11 and the first optical fiber isolator 12, and only light waves in a single transmission direction exist in the third optical fiber ring resonator; the transmission direction of the light wave in the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity is opposite to the transmission direction of the light wave in the third optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity.
The first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler 11 to generate an induction transparent effect; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler 11 to generate an inductive absorption effect; obtaining the rotation speed by the difference value of the central frequencies of the induction transparency effect and the induction absorption effect; the direction of the rotation speed is obtained from the relative positions of the induced transparency effect and the induced absorption effect.
The optical output end of the second optical fiber beam splitter 6 is connected with the optical input end of the first detector 5, and the electrical signal output end of the first detector 5 is connected with the first electrical signal input end of the signal processing system 16; the optical output end of the third optical fiber beam splitter 14 is connected to the optical input end of the second detector 15, and the electrical signal output end of the second detector 15 is connected to the second electrical signal input end of the signal processing system 16; an electrical signal output terminal of the signal processing system 16 outputs a gyro output signal.
The signal processing system 16 comprises a band-pass filter circuit 16-1, an amplifier circuit 16-2, an extraction circuit 16-3 and a difference output circuit 16-4:
the electrical signal output end of the first detector 5 is connected with the first electrical signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit 16-1, the electrical signal output end of the second detector 15 is connected with the second electrical signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit 16-1, the electrical signal output end of the band-pass filter circuit 16-1 is connected with the electrical signal input end of the amplifying circuit 16-2, the electrical signal output end of the amplifying circuit 16-2 is connected with the electrical signal input end of the extracting circuit 16-3, the electrical signal output end of the extracting circuit 16-3 is connected with the electrical signal input end of the difference output circuit 16-4, and the electrical signal output end of the difference output circuit 16-4 outputs a gyro output signal.
The working principle is as follows: the first optical fiber ring 8, the optical fiber coupler 7, and the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11 form a first optical fiber ring resonator, and two oppositely transmitted optical waves exist in the first optical fiber ring resonator (in the example of fig. 1, the two optical waves are transmitted in clockwise and counterclockwise directions); the second optical fiber ring 9, the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, and the second optical fiber isolator 13 form a second optical fiber ring resonator, and only the optical wave in a single transmission direction exists in the second optical fiber ring resonator (the transmission direction of the optical wave in the example is counterclockwise); the third optical fiber ring 10, the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, and the first optical fiber isolator 12 form a third optical fiber ring resonator, and only the optical wave in a single transmission direction exists in the third optical fiber ring resonator (the transmission direction of the optical wave in the example is clockwise).
The output signal of the voltage signal source 1 is a triangular wave voltage signal, the triangular wave voltage signal is loaded to the modulation signal input end of the laser 2 and is used for tuning the frequency of the output light of the laser 2, so that the transmission spectrums of the sensing transparent effect and the sensing absorption effect of the invention can be obtained at the first detector 5 and the second detector 15, the output light of the laser 2 enters the polarization controller 3, the polarization state of the light is selected, the output light of the polarization controller 3 is divided into two beams of light through the first optical fiber beam splitter 4, one beam of light enters the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity through the second optical fiber beam splitter 6 and the optical fiber coupler 7, the light is transmitted anticlockwise in the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and resonates, the light wave transmitted anticlockwise in the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity passes through the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler 11 and simultaneously enters the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity, the light wave entering the third fiber ring resonator counterclockwise is transmitted and resonated in the second fiber ring resonator counterclockwise, but the transmission direction of the light wave entering the third fiber ring resonator counterclockwise is opposite to the conduction direction of the first fiber isolator 12, so the light wave transmitted counterclockwise in the invention can be transmitted and resonated in the first fiber ring resonator and the second fiber ring resonator, and the first fiber ring resonator and the second fiber ring resonator interact with each other through the 3 × 3 fiber coupler 11, and the first fiber ring resonator and the second fiber ring resonator interact with each other and generate an inductive transparent effect by selecting the coupling ratio of the third optical input/output end and the fourth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 fiber coupler 11, the central frequency of the inductive transparency effect changes along with the rotation speed, when the rotation speed direction is clockwise, the central frequency of the inductive transparency effect moves towards the high-frequency direction, when the rotation speed direction is counterclockwise, the central frequency of the inductive transparency effect moves towards the low-frequency direction, the larger the rotation speed is, the larger the offset of the central frequency of the inductive transparency effect is, the inductive transparency effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first optical fiber ring resonator and the second optical fiber ring resonator is output by the optical fiber coupler 7, enters the second detector 15 through the third optical fiber beam splitter 14, is detected by the second detector 15, is converted into an electric signal, and then is sent to the signal processing system 16.
The other light output by the first optical fiber beam splitter 4 enters the first optical fiber ring resonator through the third optical fiber beam splitter 14 and the optical fiber coupler 7, is transmitted clockwise and resonated in the first optical fiber ring resonator, when the light wave transmitted clockwise in the first optical fiber ring resonator passes through the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler 11, the light wave simultaneously enters the second optical fiber ring resonator and the third optical fiber ring resonator, and is transmitted clockwise and resonated in the third optical fiber ring resonator, but because the transmission direction of the light wave entering clockwise in the second optical fiber ring resonator is opposite to the conduction direction of the second optical fiber isolator 13, the light wave cannot be transmitted and resonated in the second optical fiber ring resonator, so that the light wave transmitted clockwise in the present invention is transmitted and resonated in the first optical fiber ring resonator and the third optical fiber ring resonator, the first fiber ring resonator and the third fiber ring resonator interact with each other through the 3 × 3 fiber coupler 11, and by selecting the coupling ratio of the fifth light input/output end and the sixth light input/output end of the 3 × 3 fiber coupler 11, the first fiber ring resonator and the third fiber ring resonator interact with each other and generate an induced absorption effect, the center frequency of the induced absorption effect changes with the rotation speed, when the rotation speed is clockwise, the center frequency of the induced absorption effect moves to the low frequency direction, when the rotation speed is counterclockwise, the center frequency of the induced absorption effect moves to the high frequency direction, and the larger the rotation speed is, the larger the offset of the center frequency of the induced absorption effect is, the induced absorption effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first fiber ring resonator and the third fiber ring resonator is output by the fiber coupler 7, and enters the first detector 5 through the second optical fiber beam splitter 6, is detected by the first detector 5 and is converted into an electric signal, and then is sent to the signal processing system 16.
Because the first optical fiber ring 8, the second optical fiber ring 9 and the third optical fiber ring 10 are completely the same, when the rotating speed is zero, the central frequencies of the induction transparency effect and the induction absorption effect are the same, when the rotating speed is clockwise, the central frequency of the induction transparency effect moves to the high-frequency direction, and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to the low-frequency direction; when the rotating speed direction is anticlockwise, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect moves towards a low-frequency direction, and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves towards a high-frequency direction; the larger the rotating speed is, the larger the offset of the central frequency of the induction transparent effect and the induction absorption effect is; therefore, the rotation speed can be obtained by the difference of the central frequencies of the induction transparency effect and the induction absorption effect, and the rotation speed direction can be obtained by the relative positions of the induction transparency effect and the induction absorption effect.
After receiving the electric signals of the transmission spectrums of the inductive transparency effect and the inductive absorption effect, the signal processing system 16 obtains the central frequencies of the inductive transparency effect and the inductive absorption effect respectively, obtains the rotation speed according to the difference value of the central frequencies of the inductive transparency effect and the inductive absorption effect, obtains the rotation speed direction according to the relative positions of the inductive transparency effect and the inductive absorption effect, and finally, the signal processing system 16 outputs a gyro output signal which comprises the rotation speed and the rotation speed direction.
The working principle of the signal processing system 16 is: the induction absorption effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity is detected by the first detector 5 and converted into an electric signal, and then the electric signal is sent to the band-pass filter circuit 16-1, meanwhile, the induction transparent effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity is detected by the second detector 15 and converted into an electric signal, and then the electric signal is also sent to the band-pass filter circuit 16-1, the band-pass filter circuit 16-1 carries out band-pass filtering on the electric signal of the induction transparent effect transmission spectrum and the induction absorption effect transmission spectrum, and sends the electric signal into the amplifying circuit 16-2, the electric signal of the induction transparent effect transmission spectrum and the induction absorption spectrum is amplified and then sent to the extracting circuit 16-3, the central frequencies of the induction transparent effect transmission spectrum and the induction absorption effect transmission spectrum are obtained in the extracting circuit 16-3, the central frequencies of the induction transparent effect transmission spectrum and the induction absorption effect transmission spectrum are then sent to the difference output circuit 16-4, in the difference output circuit 16-4, the difference between the central frequencies of the induction transparent effect transmission spectrum and the induction absorption effect transmission spectrum is obtained, and the rotation speed of the gyroscope output circuit, and the gyroscope output signal comprises the gyroscope rotation speed.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A fiber-optic gyroscope based on the transparent and absorption effect of fiber-optic ring resonator induction, characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a voltage signal source (1), a laser (2), a polarization controller (3) and a first optical fiber beam splitter (4) which are connected in sequence; the optical output end of the polarization controller (3) is connected with the optical input end of the first optical fiber beam splitter (4);
the first optical fiber beam splitter (4) is connected with the second optical fiber beam splitter (6) and the third optical fiber beam splitter (14) respectively; a first optical output end of the first optical fiber beam splitter (4) is connected with an optical input end of the second optical fiber beam splitter (6), and a second optical output end of the first optical fiber beam splitter (4) is connected with an optical input end of the third optical fiber beam splitter (14);
the optical fiber coupler (7) is also connected with the second optical fiber beam splitter (6) and the third optical fiber beam splitter (14) respectively; the optical input and output end of the second optical fiber beam splitter (6) is connected with the first optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler (7), and the optical input and output end of the third optical fiber beam splitter (14) is connected with the second optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler (7);
the first optical fiber ring (8) is connected with the optical fiber coupler (7) and the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11) to form a first optical fiber ring resonant cavity, and light waves which are transmitted in the first direction and the second direction oppositely exist in the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity; the first optical fiber ring (8) is connected with a third optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler (7), a first optical input and output end of the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11), a second optical input and output end of the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11) and a fourth optical input and output end of the optical fiber coupler (7);
a second optical fiber ring (9) is connected with the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler (11) and the second optical fiber isolator (13) to form a second optical fiber ring resonant cavity, and light waves transmitted in a first direction exist in the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity; the second optical fiber ring (9) is connected with a third optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler (11), an optical input end of the second optical fiber isolator (13), an optical output end of the second optical fiber isolator (13) and a fourth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler (11);
a third optical fiber ring (10) is connected with the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler (11) and the first optical fiber isolator (12) to form a third optical fiber ring resonant cavity, and light waves transmitted in a second direction exist in the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity; the third optical fiber ring (10) is connected with a fifth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler (11), an optical input end of the first optical fiber isolator (12), an optical output end of the first optical fiber isolator (12) and a sixth optical input/output end of the 3 × 3 optical fiber coupler (11);
the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11) to generate an induction transparent effect; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11) to generate an inductive absorption effect;
the optical output end of the second optical fiber beam splitter (6) is connected with the optical input end of the first detector (5), and the electrical signal output end of the first detector (5) is connected with the first electrical signal input end of the signal processing system (16); the optical output end of the third optical fiber beam splitter (14) is connected with the optical input end of the second detector (15), and the electrical signal output end of the second detector (15) is connected with the second electrical signal input end of the signal processing system (16); the electrical signal output end of the signal processing system (16) outputs a gyro output signal;
the signal processing system (16) obtains the rotation speed according to the difference value of the central frequency of the induction transparency effect and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect; obtaining the rotating speed direction according to the relative position of the induction transparent effect and the induction absorption effect; the gyro output signal outputted from the signal processing system (16) includes the magnitude of the rotational speed and the direction of the rotational speed.
2. The fiber optic gyroscope of claim 1, further comprising:
the induced transparency effect transmission spectrum generated by the interaction of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity is output by the optical fiber coupler (7), enters a second detector (15) through the third optical fiber beam splitter (14) for detection and is converted into an electric signal, and then is sent into a signal processing system (16) to generate the central frequency of the induced transparency effect;
and an induced absorption effect transmission spectrum generated by interaction of the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity is output by the optical fiber coupler (7), enters the first detector (5) through the second optical fiber beam splitter (6) for detection, is converted into an electric signal, and is transmitted to the signal processing system (16) to generate the central frequency of the induced absorption effect.
3. The fiber optic gyroscope of claim 1,
the signal processing system (16) comprises a band-pass filter circuit (16-1), an amplifying circuit (16-2), an extracting circuit (16-3) and a difference value output circuit (16-4):
the electric signal output end of the first detector (5) is connected with a first electric signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit (16-1), the electric signal output end of the second detector (15) is connected with a second electric signal input end of the band-pass filter circuit (16-1), the electric signal output end of the band-pass filter circuit (16-1) is connected with an electric signal input end of the amplifying circuit (16-2), the electric signal output end of the amplifying circuit (16-2) is connected with an electric signal input end of the extracting circuit (16-3), the electric signal output end of the extracting circuit (16-3) is connected with an electric signal input end of the difference output circuit (16-4), and the electric signal output end of the difference output circuit (16-4) outputs a gyro output signal.
4. The fiber optic gyroscope of claim 1,
the triangular wave voltage signal output by the voltage signal source (1) is loaded to the laser (2) to tune the frequency of the output light of the laser (2); the output light of the laser (2) enters a polarization controller (3) to select the polarization state of the light; the output light of the polarization controller (3) is divided into two beams of light after passing through the first optical fiber beam splitter (4);
one light beam output by the first optical fiber beam splitter (4) enters the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity through the second optical fiber beam splitter (6) and the optical fiber coupler (7) and is transmitted and resonated in the first direction, and enters the second optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity when passing through the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11) and is transmitted and resonated in the first direction; the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11), and the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the second optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact and generate an inductive transparent effect by selecting the coupling ratio of a third optical input-output end and a fourth optical input-output end of the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11);
the other beam of light output by the first optical fiber beam splitter (4) enters the first optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity through the third optical fiber beam splitter (14) and the optical fiber coupler (7) to be transmitted and resonated in the second direction, and enters the third optical fiber ring-shaped resonant cavity to be transmitted and resonated in the second direction when passing through the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11); the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact through a 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11), and the first optical fiber ring resonant cavity and the third optical fiber ring resonant cavity interact and generate an inductive absorption effect by selecting the coupling ratio of a fifth optical input/output end and a sixth optical input/output end of the 3 x 3 optical fiber coupler (11).
5. The fiber optic gyroscope of claim 1 or 4,
the central frequency of the induction transparency effect changes along with the rotation speed, when the rotation speed direction is the second direction, the central frequency of the induction transparency effect moves to the high-frequency direction, when the rotation speed direction is the first direction, the central frequency of the induction transparency effect moves to the low-frequency direction, and the larger the rotation speed is, the larger the offset of the central frequency of the induction transparency effect is;
the central frequency of the induction absorption effect changes along with the rotation speed, when the rotation speed direction is the second direction, the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to the low-frequency direction, when the rotation speed direction is the first direction, the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to the high-frequency direction, and the larger the rotation speed is, the larger the offset of the central frequency of the induction absorption effect is;
when the rotating speed is zero, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect is the same as the central frequency of the induction absorption effect, when the rotating speed direction is a second direction, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect moves to a high-frequency direction, and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to a low-frequency direction; when the rotating speed direction is a first direction, the central frequency of the induction transparent effect moves to a low-frequency direction, and the central frequency of the induction absorption effect moves to a high-frequency direction; and the larger the rotation speed, the larger the offset of the center frequency of the induced transparency effect from the center frequency of the induced absorption effect.
6. The fiber optic gyroscope of claim 5,
the first direction is counter-clockwise and the second direction is clockwise.
7. The fiber optic gyroscope of claim 1,
the first optical fiber ring (8), the second optical fiber ring (9) and the third optical fiber ring (10) are hollow coils wound by optical fibers, the optical fibers with the same specification are used by the first optical fiber ring, the second optical fiber ring and the third optical fiber ring, and the optical fibers are the same in length.
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| CN111510209B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-08-06 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Optical fiber vibration monitoring method and device |
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