CN109553741A - 一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109553741A
CN109553741A CN201811489527.XA CN201811489527A CN109553741A CN 109553741 A CN109553741 A CN 109553741A CN 201811489527 A CN201811489527 A CN 201811489527A CN 109553741 A CN109553741 A CN 109553741A
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韩生
陈凤飞
王威
薛原
蔺华林
周明安
孙迎新
余焓
黄燕山
李原婷
卢德力
蒋继波
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法。本发明的制备方法包括A料的制备、B料的制备、原料的制备、方向盘的制备得到低成本聚氨酯方向盘。聚氨酯汽车方向盘由A料与B料制作而成，A料：聚醚多元醇、叔胺类催化剂、羟基甘油、扩链剂、水；B组分：TDI、粗MDI。本发明选用反应型原料；该生产方法不仅生产成本低，而且具有操作简单、无污染等优点。所制备的方向盘在不影响聚氨酯汽车方向盘其他性能的前提下，降低了生产成本，使产品在中端汽车方向盘市场上有更大的竞争力。

Description

一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料领域，涉及聚氨酯汽车方向盘的制备技术，具体是一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法。
背景技术
随着国内汽车行业的迅猛发展，汽车内饰行业竞争日益激烈。国内传统聚氨酯工艺制作的方向盘成本居高不下，进口的方向盘价格更高。因此，安全舒适又成本低廉的方向盘的研制开发已提到当前国内汽车发展的议事日程。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种工艺简单、制造成本低的聚氨酯汽车方向盘的制备方法。
为实现以上目的，本发明的技术解决方案如下。
一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法，按重量份数计，其原料配方如下：聚醚多元醇份92～98份、叔胺类催化剂0.1～0.3份、羟基硅油0.5～1.5份、水1.5～2.5份、扩链剂1～3份、粗MDI 25～60份、TDI 25～60份；该制备方法包括以下步骤：
①A料的准备：向重均分子量为6000±300的聚醚多元醇中加入叔胺类催化剂、水、羟基硅油和扩链剂，控制转速为50～80rpm/min，搅拌40～60min，即得A料；
②B料的准备：将TDI与粗MDI搅拌30～50min，转速控制在30～50rpm/min，即得B料；
③原料的准备：将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内；将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内；
④方向盘的制备：用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀，浇注成型；脱模，对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理，用皮革将方向盘包裹，得到低成本聚氨酯方向盘。
进一步的，其原料配方如下：聚醚多元醇份93～95份、叔胺类催化剂0.1～0.2份、羟基硅油0.8～1.2份、水1.8～2.2份、扩链剂1.8～2.2份、粗MDI 45～55份、TDI 45～55份。
进一步的，粗MDI是一种不同官能度的多异氧酸酯混合物，其中n-0的二异氰酸酯(MDI)占混合物的50％左右，其余是3官能度平均分子量为350-420的低聚合度异氰酸酯，常温下为褐色至棕色液体。
进一步的，所述叔胺类催化剂为三乙醇胺。
进一步的，所述扩链剂为乙二醇或丙二醇中的一种或两种。
进一步的，步骤①和②中，在20～40℃的温度下搅拌。
进一步的，步骤④中，脱模时间为20～40min。
进一步的，步骤①和②中，在20～40℃的温度下搅拌。在试验过程中，得到证明，在该温度范围可以保证各物料的均匀混合，温度太低易造成混合不混匀的现象，温度太高影响原材料性能。
进一步的，步骤④中脱模时间为10～20分钟。在试验过程中，得到证明，在该脱模时间内可以保证产品的成形性能。若时间太短产品成形不完全，时间太长影响生产效率，造成生产的成本浪费。
和现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)由于TDI用量占B料总质量的45％～50％，替代B料常规组分液化MDI和纯MDI，在不影响聚氨酯汽车方向盘其他性能的前提下，降低了生产成本；
(2)所选用的原材料常温下均为液体，储存压力小，生产成本低，生产方法简便；
(3)在制备方法的设计上，采取全水发泡技术，安全环保，无臭氧破坏效应，是一种环保型生产方法；
(4)所选用的原材料为反应型原料，产品VOC挥发量低。
(5)所述的聚氨酯汽车方向盘的制备方法，不但生产成本低，而且生产工艺简单，不需要后续处理，可以满足汽车市场对低成本聚氨酯方向盘的要求。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例说明如后。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，不用来限制本发明的范围。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
①A料的准备：向93kg长华CHP-HE50聚醚多元醇，加入三乙醇胺0.1kg，加入水2kg，加入嘉兴科瑞有机硅有限公司106羟基硅1kg，加入乙二醇2kg，控制转速在50～80转/min，在常温下搅拌50min，即可得A料；
②B料的准备：准备万华公司的MDI-50质量50kg，准备50kg万华公司6928液化MDI。将原料在常温下搅拌40min，转速控制在30～50转/min，即得B料；
③原料的准备：将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内；将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内；
④方向盘的制备：用发泡机将上述A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀，浇注成型；脱模10min，对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理，用皮革将方向盘包裹，得到常规方向盘。
实施例2
①A料的准备：向93kg长华CHP-HE50聚醚多元醇，加入三乙醇胺0.1kg，加入水2kg，加入嘉兴科瑞有机硅有限公司106羟基硅1kg，加入乙二醇2kg，控制转速在50～80转/min，在常温下搅拌50min，即可得A料；
②B料的准备：准备万华公司的MDI-50质量50kg，准备50kg上海科思创公司的TDI。将各组分在常温下搅拌40min，转速控制在30～50转/min，即得B料；
③原料的准备：将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内；将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内；
④方向盘的制备：用发泡机将上述A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀，浇注成型；脱模10min，对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理，用皮革将方向盘包裹，得到低成本方向盘。
实施例3
①A料的准备：向95kg长华CHP-HE50聚醚多元醇，加入三乙醇胺0.1kg，加入水1.8kg，加入嘉兴科瑞有机硅有限公司106羟基硅1kg，加入乙二醇2kg，控制转速在50～80转/min，在常温下搅拌50min，即可得A料；
②B料的准备：准备万华公司的MDI-50质量55kg，准备45kg上海科思创公司的TDI。将各组分在常温下搅拌40min，转速控制在30～50转/min，即得B料；
③原料的准备：将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内；将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内；
④方向盘的制备：用发泡机将上述A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀，浇注成型；脱模10min，对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理，用皮革将方向盘包裹，得到低成本方向盘。
上述实施例1-3中聚氨酯方向盘的性能指标见表1。
表1
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，并不用于限制本发明，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护。

Claims (6)

1.一种低成本聚氨酯方向盘的制备方法，其特征在于，按重量份数计，其原料配方如下：聚醚多元醇份92～98份、叔胺类催化剂0.1～0.3份、羟基硅油0.5～1.5份、水1.5～2.5份、扩链剂1～3份、粗MDI 25～60份、PMDI 25～60份；该制备方法包括以下步骤：
①A料的准备：向重均分子量为6000±300的聚醚多元醇中加入叔胺类催化剂、水、羟基硅油和扩链剂，控制转速为50～80rpm/min，搅拌40～60min，即得A料；
②B料的准备：将TDI与粗MDI搅拌30～50min，转速控制在30～50rpm/min，即得B料；
③原料的准备：将A料打入发泡机A组原料桶内；将B料打入发泡机B组原料桶内；
④方向盘的制备：用发泡机将A料与B料在浇注机混合头的混合区混合均匀，浇注成型；脱模，对聚氨酯泡沫板切割整理，用皮革将方向盘包裹，得到低成本聚氨酯方向盘。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：其原料配方如下：聚醚多元醇份93～95份、叔胺类催化剂0.1～0.2份、羟基硅油0.8～1.2份、水1.8～2.2份、扩链剂1.8～2.2份、粗MDI 45～55份、TDI 45～55份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述叔胺类催化剂为三乙醇胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述扩链剂为乙二醇或丙二醇中的一种或两种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤①和②中，在20～40℃的温度下搅拌。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤④中，脱模时间为10～20min。
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