CN109551750B - Spatial three-dimensional hot bending forming method and device for polymer pipe fitting - Google Patents
Spatial three-dimensional hot bending forming method and device for polymer pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109551750B CN109551750B CN201811340288.1A CN201811340288A CN109551750B CN 109551750 B CN109551750 B CN 109551750B CN 201811340288 A CN201811340288 A CN 201811340288A CN 109551750 B CN109551750 B CN 109551750B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/02—Bending or folding
- B29C53/08—Bending or folding of tubes or other profiled members
- B29C53/083—Bending or folding of tubes or other profiled members bending longitudinally, i.e. modifying the curvature of the tube axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C53/82—Cores or mandrels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C53/84—Heating or cooling
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- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for spatial three-dimensional hot bending forming of a polymer pipe fitting, which comprises the following steps: (1) heat treatment; (2) bending a first elbow: heating each module, enabling a polymer straight pipe to be bent to pass through a soft core mold, heating the polymer straight pipe to be bent, enabling the polymer straight pipe to move forward to enable a heating section to be arranged in a groove of a bending mold, enabling a clamping-assisting mold and a clamping mold to clamp a pipe fitting by means of the molds respectively, enabling the clamping mold to rotate around the bending mold at a certain speed, enabling the clamping-assisting mold to follow up, stopping the rotation of the clamping mold when the polymer pipe is bent to a certain angle, sequentially releasing the clamping mold and the clamping-assisting mold, and cooling an elbow; (3) bending the next bend: rotating the high polymer straight pipe to a set angle, and bending according to the step (2); (4) and (4) repeating the step (3) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of elbows is completed. The invention can quickly realize the space continuous bending of a plurality of elbows of the large-size polymer pipe fitting, saves the design and processing of a complex die and effectively reduces the process cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer pipe fitting processing, and particularly relates to a method and a device for spatial three-dimensional hot bending forming of a high polymer pipe fitting.
Background
The high molecular engineering plastic has excellent impact toughness, wear resistance, high smelting point, high heat resistance, high solvent resistance, high chemical corrosion resistance and excellent comprehensive performance, and the formed pipeline may be used widely in automobile, air conditioner and other industry. At present, most of polymer pipe fittings are formed into various pipelines in an injection molding mode, and the method has to design a complex injection mold, so that the cost is high, the production period is long, and the method is only suitable for simple pipelines. The injection molding is difficult to realize the pipe fittings with a plurality of spatial three-dimensional elbows due to the complexity of the mold and extremely high process cost. Therefore, the current research focus is on hot bending and forming the polymer pipe by using a heating bending method. The IPM company in italy forms polymeric pipes by hot bending, but the limitation of this method is that the hot bent pipe is not of stable quality and the bending angle is limited, typically to about 120 ° at the most. And heating and softening the pipe fittings by using an oven in some domestic enterprises, and cooling and shaping the pipe fittings in a tool. The limitation of this method is that the size of the hot bent tube cannot be too large and the bend angles can only be limited to one plane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the size range of a bent pipe fitting is small, the quality of the bent pipe fitting after hot bending forming is unstable, and the bending angle and the bending surface are limited in the conventional method, and provides a method and a device for spatial three-dimensional hot bending forming of a polymer pipe fitting.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) thermal treatment
Placing a to-be-bent polymer straight pipe in an oil pool, soaking, taking out clear water and cleaning;
(2) bending the first bend
Firstly, heating a crease-resist die, a clamping-assisting die, a bending die and a clamping die;
then, a polymer straight pipe to be bent passes through a soft core die for supporting, is arranged in a groove of a crease-resist die, a clamping-assisting die profile matched with the crease-resist die clamps a pipe fitting, the clamping-assisting die is withdrawn after the straight pipe is heated, the straight pipe moves forward to enable a heating section to be arranged in the groove of a bending die, the clamping-assisting die and the clamping die respectively profile the pipe fitting, the clamping die rotates around the bending die, the clamping-assisting die follows up, and when the bending angle of the straight pipe is over-bent than a required angle, the clamping die stops rotating;
finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die, the clamping assisting die and cooling the elbow;
(3) bending the next elbow
Firstly, drawing out a soft core die at the position of a previous elbow to a high molecular pipe straight-line section, clamping a pipe fitting by a space corner assembly, and rotating to a set angle; then the pipe fitting and the soft core die are pushed to move forward by a distance L, and the pipe fitting is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die and the bending die all the time; finally, sequentially profiling and clamping the pipe fitting by using a clamping die and a clamping-assisting die, and bending according to the step (2) after heating;
(4) and (4) repeating the step (3) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of elbows is completed.
The forward movement distance L in the step (3) is calculated according to the formula (1)
LStraight lineIs the length of the straight line segment between two adjacent bends,
and the length of a straight line segment reserved for bending the elbow, R is the bending radius of the elbow, and theta is the bending angle of the elbow.
The heat treatment eliminates internal stress generated during extrusion molding.
The crease-resist die heats the pipe to be bent and guides the pipe to be bent to move forwards.
The clamping assisting die heats the pipe fitting to be bent, and the pipe fitting moves forwards along with the pipe fitting in the axial direction during bending.
And the clamping die rotates around the bending die to bend the pipe fitting to be bent.
The polymer pipe fitting is a polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting or a nylon pipe fitting.
When the polymer pipe fitting is a polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting, the specific forming method comprises the following steps:
(11) thermal treatment
Placing a polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe to be bent into an oil pool with the temperature of 120-140 ℃, soaking for 30-120 min, taking out clear water and cleaning;
(12) bending the first bend
Firstly, heating a crease-resist die to 115-125 ℃, an auxiliary clamping die to 110-130 ℃, a bending die to 110-120 ℃ and a clamping die to 80-125 ℃;
then, enabling the polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe to be bent to penetrate through a soft core die for supporting, placing the straight pipe into a groove of a crease-resistant die, clamping the pipe by a clamping-assisting die profile matched with the crease-resistant die, withdrawing the clamping-assisting die after 1-5 min, enabling the straight pipe to move forward to place a heating section into the groove of a bending die, clamping the pipe by the clamping-assisting die and the clamping die respectively profile to clamp the pipe, enabling the clamping die to rotate around the bending die at the speed of 0.08 r/min-0.4 r/min, simultaneously enabling the clamping die to follow up, and stopping the rotation of the clamping die when the bending angle of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe exceeds the required angle by 30-40 degrees;
finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die and the clamping assisting die, and naturally cooling the elbow;
(13) bending the next elbow
Firstly, drawing out a soft core die at the previous elbow to a straight section of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe, clamping the polyether-ether-ketone pipe by a space corner assembly, and rotating to a set angle; then the polyether-ether-ketone tube and the soft core die are pushed to move forward by a distance L, and the polyether-ether-ketone tube is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die and the bending die all the time; finally, sequentially profiling and clamping the pipe fitting by using a clamping die and a clamping assisting die, heating for 1-5 min, and bending according to the step (12);
(14) and (5) repeating the step (13) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of bends is completed.
When the polymer pipe fitting is a nylon pipe fitting, the specific forming method comprises the following steps:
(21) thermal treatment
Placing a nylon straight pipe to be bent in an oil pool at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, soaking for 30-60 min, taking out clear water and cleaning;
(22) bending the first bend
The individual modules are first heated: the anti-wrinkling mould is 100-120 ℃, the auxiliary clamping mould is 105-130 ℃, the bending mould is 110-120 ℃, and the clamping mould is 80-100 ℃;
then the nylon straight pipe to be bent passes through a soft core die for supporting and is placed in a groove of a crease-resistant die, a clamping-assisting die profile matched with the nylon straight pipe clamps the pipe fitting, the clamping-assisting die is withdrawn after 1-3 min, the nylon straight pipe moves forward to enable a heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending die, the clamping-assisting die and the clamping die respectively profile the pipe fitting, the clamping die rotates around the bending die at the speed of 0.16-0.40 r/min, the clamping-assisting die follows up, and when the bending angle of the nylon pipe exceeds the required angle by 40-50 degrees, the clamping die stops rotating;
finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die and the clamping assisting die, and cooling the elbow for 20-40 min by strong wind;
(23) bending the next elbow
Firstly, drawing out a soft core die at the previous elbow to a straight line section of the nylon pipe, clamping the nylon pipe by a space corner assembly, and rotating to a set angle; then the nylon tube and the soft core die are pushed to move forward by a distance L, and the nylon tube is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die and the bending die all the time; finally, sequentially profiling and clamping the pipe fitting by using a clamping die and a clamping assisting die, heating for 1-3 min, and bending according to the step (22);
(24) and (5) repeating the step (23) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of bends is completed.
The nylon pipe fitting is made of nylon or modified nylon materials.
The modified nylon material is a material which is obtained by adding antioxidant auxiliary agent, lubricant and nano particles into nylon in a combined manner to perform reinforcing, toughening and modification.
The polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting is made of polyether-ether-ketone or modified polyether-ether-ketone materials.
The modified polyether-ether-ketone material is prepared by adding an antioxidant, a lubricant and polytetrafluoroethylene into polyether-ether-ketone for toughening and modifying.
The invention also comprises a device for carrying out hot bending forming by using the polymer pipe fitting space three-dimensional hot bending forming method, which is characterized by comprising a space corner component, a crease-resistance die, a clamping-assisting die, a bending die, a clamping die and a heating rod, wherein the space corner component and a polymer straight pipe are sequentially arranged from a feeding end to a discharging end, the crease-resistance die and the clamping-assisting die are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the polymer straight pipe in parallel, the bending die is arranged behind the crease-resistance die, the clamping die is arranged behind the clamping-assisting die, the bending die and the clamping die are correspondingly arranged at two sides of the polymer pipe, the heating rod is respectively arranged inside the crease-resistance die, the clamping-assisting die, the bending die and the clamping die, the clamping die rotates around the bending die, and the space corner component drives the pipe fitting to be bent to rotate.
The device also includes a soft core mold. Bending a high polymer straight pipe with the inner diameter larger than 10mm, and adding a soft core mould. The soft core mold belongs to an elastic body, has the characteristic of hydrostatic pressure, namely, the pressure intensity is equal in all directions, and the collapse of an elbow caused by stress concentration in the bending process is resisted, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the bent pipe after hot bending are smooth and have no defects, the transition of the elbow is natural, and the section roundness is good.
The soft core mold is a polyurethane elastic rod with Shore hardness A60-A90.
The space corner assembly clamps the pipe to be bent and rotates to a set angle or a forward movement distance L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention can quickly realize the space continuous bending of a plurality of elbows of the large-size polymer pipe fitting. The pipe fitting elbow forming device can realize high-quality forming of the pipe fitting elbow, effectively control surface quality and cross-sectional shape, improve the success rate of pipe fitting bending, save the design and processing cost of a complex die, and effectively reduce the process cost. In addition, compared with a hot-press molding method, the invention has wider bending angle range (up to 150 degrees) and higher popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a spatial three-dimensional thermal bending apparatus for polymer pipe,
1-space corner component, 2-soft core mould, 3-crease-resist mould, 4-bending mould, 5-high molecular pipe fitting, 6-heating rod, 7-clamping mould and 8-clamping-assisting mould.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The method of the embodiment is used for three-dimensional bending forming of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting with the outer diameter of 12mm and the wall thickness of 1mm, the bending radius is required to be 50mm, the bending angles are respectively 20 degrees and 50 degrees, and the length of a straight line segment between two adjacent elbows is 10 cm. The inner diameter of the pipe fitting is less than or equal to 10mm, and a soft core mould is not needed in the bending forming process. As shown in fig. 1, the hot bending die device comprises a space corner assembly 1, a polyurethane soft core die 2, a crease-resist die 3, a bending die 4, a polyether ether ketone pipe 5, a heating rod 6, a clamping die 7 and a clamping-assisting die 8.
(11) Thermal treatment
Placing the straight pipe to be bent in an oil pool at 120 deg.C, soaking for 30min, taking out, and cleaning with clear water.
(12) Bending the first bend at an angle of 20 °
The temperature of each module is first heated with a heating rod 6: 115 ℃ of crease-resist die, 110 ℃ of clamping-assistant die, 110 ℃ of bending die and 80 ℃ of clamping die;
then, the polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe to be bent is placed in a groove of the anti-wrinkling die 3, the matched clamping assisting die 8 clamps the pipe fitting by profiling, the clamping assisting die 8 is withdrawn after 1min, and the polyether-ether-ketone pipe 5 moves forwards to enable the heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending die 4; the clamping assisting die 8 and the clamping die 7 clamp the pipe fitting by profiling respectively, the clamping die 7 rotates around the bending die 4 at the speed of 0.08r/min, meanwhile, the clamping assisting die 8 follows up, and when the bending angle of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe is 50 degrees (30 degrees of bending), the clamping die 7 stops rotating;
and finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8, and naturally cooling.
(13) Bending the next bend at an angle of 50 °
Firstly, clamping a polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 10 degrees; then the pipe 5 is pushed forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 × 5 × 50/360 of 12.18cm, and the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 1min, and bending according to the step (12).
Example 2
The method of the embodiment is used for three-dimensional bending forming of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting with the outer diameter of 25mm and the wall thickness of 1.5mm, the bending radius is required to be 100mm, the bending angles are respectively 50 degrees and 90 degrees, and the length of a straight line segment between two adjacent bends is 10 cm. The inner supporting soft core die of the pipe fitting is a polyurethane elastic soft core die, and the outer diameter of the soft core die is 21.80-21.96 mm.
(11) Thermal treatment
And (3) placing the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting in an oil pool at 130 ℃, soaking for 75min, taking out clear water and cleaning.
(12) Bending the first bend at an angle of 50 °
The temperature of each die is first heated with a heating bar 6: 120 ℃ of crease-resist die, 120 ℃ of clamping-assisting die, 115 ℃ of bending die and 102 ℃ of clamping die;
then, the polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe 5 to be bent penetrates through the soft core mold 2 and is placed in a groove of the crease-resistant mold 3, the pipe fitting is clamped by a clamping-assisting mold 8 matched with the soft core mold, the clamping-assisting mold 8 is withdrawn after 3min, and the polyether-ether-ketone pipe 5 moves forwards to enable a heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending mold 4; the clamping assisting die 8 and the clamping die 7 respectively clamp the pipe fitting by profiling, the clamping die 7 rotates around the bending die 4 at the speed of 0.24r/min, meanwhile, the clamping assisting die 8 follows up, and when the bending angle of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe is 90 degrees (40 degrees of bending), the clamping die 7 stops rotating;
and finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8, and naturally cooling.
(13) Bending the next bend at an angle of 90 °
Firstly, drawing out a core rod 2 at an elbow to a straight line section of a polyether-ether-ketone pipe, clamping the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 15 degrees; then the pipe 5 is pushed forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 10 90/360 of 17.85cm, and the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by a clamping die 7 and a clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 3min, and bending according to the step (12).
Example 3
The method of the embodiment is used for three-dimensional bending forming of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting with the outer diameter of 38mm and the wall thickness of 1.5mm, the bending radius is required to be 152mm, the bending angles are respectively 20 degrees and 50 degrees, and the length of a straight line segment between two adjacent bends is 10 cm. The inner supporting soft core die of the pipe fitting is a polyurethane elastic soft core die, and the outer diameter is 34.80-34.96 mm.
(11) Thermal treatment
And (3) placing the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting in an oil pool at 140 ℃, soaking for 120min, taking out clear water and cleaning.
(12) Bending the first bend at an angle of 20 °
The temperature of each die is first heated with a heating bar 6: the anti-wrinkling die is 125 ℃, the clamping assisting die is 130 ℃, the bending die is 120 ℃ and the clamping die is 125 ℃;
then, the polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe 5 to be bent penetrates through the soft core mold 2 and is placed in a groove of the crease-resistant mold 3, the pipe fitting is clamped by a clamping-assisting mold 8 matched with the soft core mold, the clamping-assisting mold 8 is withdrawn after 5min, and the polyether-ether-ketone pipe 5 moves forwards to enable a heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending mold 4; the clamping assisting die 8 and the clamping die 7 respectively clamp the pipe fitting by profiling, the clamping die 7 rotates around the bending die 4 at the speed of 0.40r/min, meanwhile, the clamping assisting die 8 follows up, and when the bending angle of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe is 55 degrees (bending over 35 degrees), the clamping die 7 stops rotating;
and finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8, and naturally cooling.
(13) Bending the next bend at an angle of 50 °
Firstly, drawing out a core rod 2 at an elbow to a straight line section of a polyether-ether-ketone pipe, clamping the polyether-ether-ketone pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 20 degrees; and then the pipe 5 is pushed to move forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 × 15.2 × 50/360 of 16.6cm, so that the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 5min, and bending according to the step (12).
Example 4
The method of the embodiment is used for three-dimensional bending forming of the nylon pipe fitting with the outer diameter of 12mm and the wall thickness of 1mm, the bending radius is required to be 50mm, the bending angles are respectively 50 degrees and 90 degrees, and the length of a straight line segment between two adjacent elbows is 10 cm. The inner diameter of the pipe fitting is less than or equal to 10mm, and a soft core mould is not needed in the bending forming process. As shown in fig. 1, the hot bending die device comprises a space corner assembly 1, a polyurethane soft core die 2, a crease-resist die 3, a bending die 4, a nylon tube 5, a heating rod 6, a clamping die 7 and a clamping-assisting die 8.
(21) Thermal treatment
Placing the nylon straight pipe to be bent in an oil pool at 60 ℃, soaking for 30min, taking out and cleaning with clear water.
(22) Bending the first bend at an angle of 50 °
The temperature of each module is first heated with a heating rod 6: the crease-resist die is 100 ℃, the clamping-assisting die is 105 ℃, the bending die is 110 ℃, and the clamping die is 80 ℃;
then placing the nylon straight pipe to be bent in a groove of the crease-resist die 3, clamping the pipe fitting by a matched clamping-assisting die 8 profiling, withdrawing the clamping-assisting die 8 after 1min, and moving the nylon pipe 5 forwards to place a heating section in the groove of the bending die 4; the auxiliary clamping die 8 and the clamping die 7 respectively clamp the pipe fitting by profiling, the clamping die 7 rotates around the bending die 4 at the speed of 0.16r/min, meanwhile, the auxiliary clamping die 8 follows up, and when the bending angle of the nylon pipe is 90 degrees (over-bending 40 degrees), the clamping die 7 stops rotating;
and finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8, and cooling for 20min by strong wind.
(23) Bending the next bend at an angle of 90 °
Firstly, clamping a nylon pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 10 degrees; then the pipe 5 is pushed forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 × 5 × 90/360 of 13.92cm, and the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 1min, and bending according to the step (22).
Example 5
The method of the embodiment is used for three-dimensional bending forming of the nylon pipe fitting with the outer diameter of 25mm and the wall thickness of 1.5mm, the bending radius is required to be 100mm, the bending angles are respectively 50 degrees and 90 degrees, and the length of a straight line segment between two adjacent bends is 10 cm. The inner supporting soft core die of the pipe fitting is a polyurethane elastic soft core die, and the outer diameter of the soft core die is 21.80-21.96 mm.
(21) Thermal treatment
Placing the nylon pipe fitting in an oil pool at 80 ℃, soaking for 45min, taking out and cleaning with clear water.
(22) Bending the first bend at an angle of 50 °
The temperature of each die is first heated with a heating bar 6: the anti-wrinkling die is 110 ℃, the clamping assisting die is 175 ℃, the bending die is 115 ℃ and the clamping die is 90 ℃;
then the nylon straight pipe 5 to be bent passes through the soft core mould 2 and is placed in the groove of the crease-resist mould 3, the matched clamping-assisting mould 8 clamps the pipe fitting by profiling, after 2min, the clamping-assisting mould 8 is withdrawn, and the nylon pipe 5 moves forward to enable the heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending mould 4; the auxiliary clamping die 8 and the clamping die 7 respectively clamp the pipe fitting by profiling, the clamping die 7 rotates around the bending die 4 at the speed of 0.28r/min, meanwhile, the auxiliary clamping die 8 follows up, and when the bending angle of the nylon pipe is 100 degrees (over-bending 50 degrees), the clamping die 7 stops rotating;
and finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8, and cooling for 30min by strong wind.
(23) Bending the next bend at an angle of 90 °
Firstly, drawing out a core rod 2 at an elbow to a straight line section of a nylon pipe, clamping a nylon pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 15 degrees; then the pipe 5 is pushed forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 10 90/360 of 17.85cm, and the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 2min, and bending according to the step (22).
Example 6
The method of the embodiment is used for three-dimensional bending forming of the nylon pipe fitting with the outer diameter of 38mm and the wall thickness of 1.5mm, wherein the bending radius is required to be 152mm, and the bending angles are respectively 20 degrees, 90 degrees and 120 degrees. The inner supporting soft core die of the pipe fitting is a polyurethane elastic soft core die, and the outer diameter is 34.80-34.96 mm.
(21) Thermal treatment
Placing the nylon pipe fitting in an oil pool at 100 ℃, soaking for 60min, taking out and cleaning with clear water.
(22) Bending the first bend at an angle of 20 °
The temperature of each die is first heated with a heating bar 6: the anti-wrinkling die is 120 ℃, the clamping assisting die is 130 ℃, the bending die is 120 ℃ and the clamping die is 100 ℃;
then the nylon straight pipe 5 to be bent passes through the soft core mould 2 and is placed in the groove of the crease-resist mould 3, the matched clamping-assisting mould 8 clamps the pipe fitting by profiling, after 3min, the clamping-assisting mould 8 is withdrawn, and the nylon pipe 5 moves forward to enable the heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending mould 4; the auxiliary clamping die 8 and the clamping die 7 respectively clamp the pipe fitting by profiling, the clamping die 7 rotates around the bending die 4 at the speed of 0.40r/min, meanwhile, the auxiliary clamping die 8 follows up, and when the bending angle of the nylon pipe is 65 degrees (45 degrees of overbending), the clamping die 7 stops rotating;
and finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8, and cooling for 40min by strong wind.
(23) Bending the next bend at an angle of 90 °
Firstly, drawing out a core rod 2 at an elbow to a straight line section of a nylon pipe, clamping a nylon pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 20 degrees; then the pipe 5 is pushed forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 × 15.2 × 90/360 of 21.93cm, and the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 3min, and bending according to the step (22).
(24) Bending the next bend at an angle of 120 °
Firstly, drawing out a core rod 2 at an elbow to a straight line section of a nylon pipe, clamping a nylon pipe fitting 5 by a space corner assembly 1, and rotating for 20 degrees; and then the pipe 5 is pushed to move forward by a distance L of 10+3.14 × 15.2 × 120/360 of 25.9cm, so that the pipe is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die 3 and the bending die 4 all the time. And finally, sequentially clamping the pipe fitting by the clamping die 7 and the clamping assisting die 8 through profiling, heating for 3min, and bending according to the step (22).
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for forming a polymer pipe fitting by spatial three-dimensional hot bending is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) thermal treatment
Placing a to-be-bent polymer straight pipe in an oil pool, soaking, taking out clear water and cleaning;
(2) bending the first bend
Firstly, heating a crease-resist die to 115-125 ℃, an auxiliary clamping die to 110-130 ℃, a bending die to 110-120 ℃ and a clamping die to 80-125 ℃;
then, a polymer straight pipe to be bent passes through a soft core die for supporting, is arranged in a groove of a crease-resist die, a clamping-assisting die profile matched with the crease-resist die clamps a pipe fitting, the clamping-assisting die is withdrawn after the straight pipe is heated, the straight pipe moves forward to enable a heating section to be arranged in the groove of a bending die, the clamping-assisting die and the clamping die respectively profile the pipe fitting, the clamping die rotates around the bending die, the clamping-assisting die follows up, and when the bending angle of the straight pipe is over-bent than a required angle, the clamping die stops rotating;
finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die, the clamping assisting die and cooling the elbow;
(3) bending the next elbow
Firstly, drawing out a soft core die at the position of a previous elbow to a high molecular pipe straight-line section, clamping a pipe fitting by a space corner assembly, and rotating to a set angle; then the pipe fitting and the soft core die are pushed to move forward by a distance L, and the pipe fitting is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die and the bending die all the time; finally, sequentially profiling and clamping the pipe fitting by using a clamping die and a clamping-assisting die, and bending according to the step (2) after heating;
(4) repeating the step (3) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of elbows is completed;
the soft core mold is a polyurethane elastic rod with Shore hardness A60-A90.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the forward movement distance L in step (3) is calculated according to formula (1)
LStraight lineThe length of a straight line segment between two adjacent elbows is shown, R is the bending radius of the elbow, and theta is the bending angle of the elbow.
3. The method for spatially and three-dimensionally forming a polymer pipe according to claim 1, wherein the polymer pipe is a polyetheretherketone pipe or a nylon pipe.
4. The method for spatially and three-dimensionally hot roll forming a polymer pipe fitting according to claim 3, wherein when the polymer pipe fitting is a polyetheretherketone pipe fitting, the method comprises the following steps:
(11) thermal treatment
Placing a polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe to be bent into an oil pool with the temperature of 120-140 ℃, soaking for 30-120 min, taking out clear water and cleaning;
(12) bending the first bend
Firstly, heating a crease-resist die to 115-125 ℃, an auxiliary clamping die to 110-130 ℃, a bending die to 110-120 ℃ and a clamping die to 80-125 ℃;
then, enabling the polyether-ether-ketone straight pipe to be bent to penetrate through a soft core die for supporting, placing the straight pipe into a groove of a crease-resistant die, clamping the pipe by a clamping-assisting die profile matched with the crease-resistant die, withdrawing the clamping-assisting die after 1-5 min, enabling the straight pipe to move forward to place a heating section into the groove of a bending die, clamping the pipe by the clamping-assisting die and the clamping die respectively profile to clamp the pipe, enabling the clamping die to rotate around the bending die at the speed of 0.08 r/min-0.4 r/min, simultaneously enabling the clamping die to follow up, and stopping the rotation of the clamping die when the bending angle of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe exceeds the required angle by 30-40 degrees;
finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die and the clamping assisting die, and naturally cooling the elbow;
(13) bending the next elbow
Firstly, drawing out a soft core die at the previous elbow to a straight section of the polyether-ether-ketone pipe, clamping the polyether-ether-ketone pipe by a space corner assembly, and rotating to a set angle; then the polyether-ether-ketone tube and the soft core die are pushed to move forward by a distance L, and the polyether-ether-ketone tube is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die and the bending die all the time; finally, sequentially profiling and clamping the pipe fitting by using a clamping die and a clamping assisting die, heating for 1-5 min, and bending according to the step (12);
(14) and (5) repeating the step (13) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of bends is completed.
5. The method for spatially and three-dimensionally hot-bending and forming the polymer pipe according to claim 3, wherein when the polymer pipe is a nylon pipe, the method comprises the following steps:
(21) thermal treatment
Placing a nylon straight pipe to be bent in an oil pool at the temperature of 60-100 ℃, soaking for 30-60 min, taking out clear water and cleaning;
(22) bending the first bend
Firstly, heating a crease-resist die, a clamping-assisting die, a bending die and a clamping die;
then the nylon straight pipe to be bent passes through a soft core die for supporting and is placed in a groove of a crease-resistant die, a clamping-assisting die profile matched with the nylon straight pipe clamps the pipe fitting, the clamping-assisting die is withdrawn after 1-3 min, the nylon straight pipe moves forward to enable a heating section to be placed in the groove of the bending die, the clamping-assisting die and the clamping die respectively profile the pipe fitting, the clamping die rotates around the bending die at the speed of 0.16-0.40 r/min, the clamping-assisting die follows up, and when the bending angle of the nylon pipe exceeds the required angle by 40-50 degrees, the clamping die stops rotating;
finally, sequentially loosening the clamping die and the clamping assisting die, and cooling the elbow for 20-40 min by strong wind;
(23) bending the next elbow
Firstly, drawing out a soft core die at the previous elbow to a straight line section of the nylon pipe, clamping the nylon pipe by a space corner assembly, and rotating to a set angle; then the nylon tube and the soft core die are pushed to move forward by a distance L, and the nylon tube is kept attached to the grooves of the crease-resist die and the bending die all the time; finally, sequentially profiling and clamping the pipe fitting by using a clamping die and a clamping assisting die, heating for 1-3 min, and bending according to the step (22);
(24) and (5) repeating the step (23) until the spatial three-dimensional bending of the plurality of bends is completed.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the nylon tube is made of nylon or modified nylon, and the PEEK tube is made of PEEK or modified PEEK.
7. The method for spatially and three-dimensionally hot roll forming of polymer pipe fittings according to claim 6, wherein the modified nylon material is a material modified by adding an antioxidant, a lubricant and nanoparticles into nylon; the modified polyether-ether-ketone material is modified by adding an antioxidant, a lubricant and polytetrafluoroethylene into polyether-ether-ketone.
8. A device for carrying out hot bending forming by using the high polymer pipe fitting space three-dimensional hot bending forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising a space corner assembly, a crease-resist die, a clamping-assisting die, a bending die, a clamping die and a heating rod, wherein the space corner assembly and the high polymer pipe fitting are sequentially arranged from a feeding end to a discharging end, the crease-resist die and the clamping-assisting die are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the high polymer pipe fitting in parallel, the bending die is arranged behind the crease-resist die, the clamping die is arranged behind the clamping-assisting die, the bending die and the clamping die are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the high polymer pipe fitting, the heating rod is respectively arranged inside the crease-resist die, the clamping-assisting die, the bending die and the clamping die, the clamping die rotates around the bending die, and the space corner assembly drives the pipe fitting to be bent to rotate.
9. A device according to claim 8, further comprising a soft core mold.
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