CN109551282A - A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer and control method - Google Patents

A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109551282A
CN109551282A CN201811398688.8A CN201811398688A CN109551282A CN 109551282 A CN109551282 A CN 109551282A CN 201811398688 A CN201811398688 A CN 201811398688A CN 109551282 A CN109551282 A CN 109551282A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tool
cutter
tool apron
apron
label
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811398688.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王勇
关集俱
殷铭
叶振东
李伟伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology
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Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology filed Critical Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology
Priority to CN201811398688.8A priority Critical patent/CN109551282A/en
Publication of CN109551282A publication Critical patent/CN109551282A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/15503Processes characterized by special sequencing of operations or the like, e.g. for optimizing tool changing time or capacity in tool storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control methods, comprising the following steps: creation macroprogram establishes ladder diagram under the macroprogram;The label of mark tool apron information and tool-information is respectively set on any tool apron and the corresponding cutter placed of the tool apron, and records the positional relationship between the cutter;The tool apron is rotated, identifies that the corresponding cutterhead of the tool apron is fixed a cutting tool information;Judge whether there is knife on tool apron, if executing step a without knife, if there is knife to execute step b;Wherein, the step a specifically: rotate the tool apron, target tool is obtained according to label substance;The step b specifically: rotate the tool apron, returned cutter on the tool apron according to label substance, execute step a later.

Description

A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer and control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to cutter changing field, mentions and be not related to a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer and control method.
Background technique
In automation manufacture field, to further increase processing efficiency, realize clamped one time can be completed multiple working procedure or Whole process processing, it is necessary to have automatic tool changer, to select different cutters, complete the processing technology of different processes.From Move knife system should have tool change time is short, cutter repetitive positioning accuracy is high, enough cutter storage levels, occupied area are small, The characteristics such as safe and reliable.
The prior art needs operator to look at waiting EP (end of program) beside lathe when processing, replaces manually Cutter needed for next process, some techniques more complex workpiece need replacing 10 knives or so in process, frequently Manual tool changing very big trouble is brought to operator, not only increase the non-cutting time of processing, also add production Cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method, to solve to need to operate in the prior art Personnel look at waiting EP (end of program) beside lathe, the non-cutting time caused by cutter needed for replacing next process manually The problem of increased costs.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme;
A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method, comprising the following steps:
Macroprogram is created, establishes ladder diagram under the macroprogram;
The mark of mark tool apron information and tool-information is respectively set on tool apron and the corresponding cutter placed of the tool apron Label, and record the positional relationship between the cutter;
The tool apron is rotated, identifies that the corresponding cutterhead of the tool apron is fixed a cutting tool information;
Judge whether there is knife on tool apron, if executing step a without knife, if there is knife to execute step b;
Wherein, the step a specifically: rotate the tool apron, target tool is obtained according to label substance;
The step b specifically: rotate the tool apron, cutter is returned on the tool apron according to label substance, is held later Row step a.
In some embodiments, the label implementation specifically includes: several cutters on the tool apron In, each cutter respectively corresponds an address, and the angle of the tool apron rotation is determined by the address according to corresponding to target tool Degree.
In some embodiments, the tool apron is executed according to the position of target tool with most short rotating path suitable Hour hands or counterclockwise rotation.
In some embodiments, when clockwise with rotating path equal length counterclockwise, customized preferential rotation Turn direction.
In some embodiments, the label are as follows: T code is provided on the cutter and the tool apron, it is described The sensing device for detecting the T code is provided on cutterhead, judged one by one by the sensing device by certain direction of rotation be No is target tool.
In some embodiments, if being judged as NO, the tool apron is rotated to being identified at next cutter, directly To the T code for being matched to target tool, tool changing operation is executed.
In some embodiments, tool changing starts to first determine whether target tool is identical as current main axle cutter, If the same directly terminate tool changing.
The invention also discloses a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer, including cutterhead, cutter and tool apron, the knives Several cutters are provided on seat, several and one-to-one label of the cutter is provided on the tool apron;
It is provided with the probe sensor of label for identification on the cutterhead, when tool changing, the probe sensor was according to institute It states label substance and judges cutter model corresponding with the label.
In some embodiments, the label includes at least the size and type information of cutter.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, have the advantages that it compared with prior art
Tool changing macroprogram is simply readable, and attached detailed description after each section of program, personnel easy to repair find out in macroprogram Whether the movement of tool magazine is correct, and quickly where is the failure of discovery tool magazine;Automatic tool changer controls ladder diagram and uses function Modularization establishment is effectively saved the time of program execution, and readability easily transplanting, tool change time is only 6 seconds;Numerical control after upgrading Milling machine greatly reduces the workpiece non-cutting time, and production efficiency improves 5 times.
The present invention uses physical tag or code label, accurate judgement and can find target tool, is conducive to shorten and change The knife time improves system reliability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is tool changing flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is automatic tool changer control circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that cutterhead of the present invention stretches out M83 and cutterhead retracts M84 ladder diagram;
Fig. 4 is the translator figure of tool changing macroprogram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer proposed by the present invention and control Method is described in further detail.According to following explanation, advantages and features of the invention will be become apparent from.It should be noted that attached drawing It is all made of very simplified form and uses non-accurate ratio, only to convenient, lucidly the aid illustration present invention is implemented The purpose of example.
A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method, comprising the following steps: creation macroprogram, in the macro journey Ladder diagram is established under sequence;Mark tool apron information and cutter letter is respectively set on tool apron and the corresponding cutter placed of the tool apron The label of breath, and record the positional relationship between the cutter;The tool apron is rotated, is identified on the corresponding cutterhead of the tool apron Tool-information;Judge whether there is knife on tool apron, if executing step a without knife, if there is knife to execute step b;Wherein, the step a tool Body are as follows: rotate the tool apron, target tool is obtained according to label substance;The step b specifically: the tool apron is rotated, according to Label substance returns cutter on the tool apron, executes step a later.
Specifically, automatic tool changer tool changing process is as shown in Figure 1, whether tool changing starts the T code for first determining whether to input It is identical as forward spindle knife number is worked as, if the same directly terminate tool changing.If not identical, enter judgement in next step and work as forward spindle Whether knife number is 0 (whether judging on main shaft equipped with cutter), enters next step main shaft if dress cutter no on main shaft and takes Knife.Cutter is first returned into tool magazine if cutter is housed on main shaft.Also knife when first to judge the current knife number of main shaft whether with cutterhead Current cutter claw number is identical, if identical, directly goes back knife.If it is not the same, cutterhead is then needed first to rotate to the current knife number of main shaft It is identical as the current cutter claw number of cutterhead to carry out going back knife again.Also knife judges whether the T code of input is 0 (even if on main shaft after terminating Without knife), if the T code of input is 0, need to update the current knife number of main shaft, tool changing terminates.If the T code of input is not O then carries out main shaft and takes knife.Main shaft takes knife to need to judge whether the current knife number of main shaft is identical as the current cutter claw number of cutterhead, if phase Together, then main shaft carries out taking knife.Cutterhead is needed first to rotate to the current knife number of main shaft and the current cutter claw number of cutterhead if not identical It is identical to carry out taking knife again.Main shaft updates the current knife number of main shaft after taking knife to complete, tool changing is completed.
It is trapezoidal to work out tool magazine tool change control in traditional function for this programme functions of graphic editing system by the way of macroprogram When figure, the incorrect problem of some timing can be encountered, and the sequencing problem of tool magazine movement is all in control ladder diagram Than difficult to deal with, but the problem of macroprogram can simply and easily handle timing, so utilizing the convenience of macroprogram It carries out writing control trapezoid figure program, automatic tool changer control system can be made safely and smoothly to work in this way.Use macroprogram While can also reinforce its readability, while also offering convenience to maintenance personal, tool magazine can be just found out in macroprogram Movement it is whether correct, quickly find tool magazine failure where.In current complicated ladder diagram is write, ladder diagram knot Closing macroprogram has more and more uses, according to the following O9001 tool changing macroprogram of Fig. 1 tool changing flowcharting.
Tool changing macroprogram and annotation
O9001;
Further, automatic tool changer control circuit is defeated as shown in Fig. 2, using FANUC 0I-MATE-MD controller Enter output signal to connect on the CB105 interface of IO-LINK, there is 6 input X signals and 5 output Y signals, X8.0 connect loose knife by Button signal, X8.1 connect cutter release location switch signal, X8.2 connects cutter locking location switch signal, X9.0 connects tool magazine stretching Location switch signal, X9.1 connect tool magazine retraction location switch signal, X9.2 connects tool magazine counter switch signal;Y2.6 controls tool magazine Motor reversal circuit, Y2.7 control tool magazine motor rotates forward circuit, Y3.0 controls main shaft knife loosening solenoid valve, Y3.4 control tool magazine is stretched Solenoid valve, Y3.5 control tool magazine retract solenoid valve out.
Further, automatic tool changer control circuit is defeated as shown in Fig. 2, using FANUC 0I-MATE-MD controller Enter output signal to connect on the CB105 interface of IO-LINK, there is 6 input X signals and 5 output Y signals, X8.0 connect loose knife by Button signal, X8.1 connect cutter release location switch signal, X8.2 connects cutter locking location switch signal, X9.0 connects tool magazine stretching Location switch signal, X9.1 connect tool magazine retraction location switch signal, X9.2 connects tool magazine counter switch signal;Y2.6 controls tool magazine Motor reversal circuit, Y2.7 control tool magazine motor rotates forward circuit, Y3.0 controls main shaft knife loosening solenoid valve, Y3.4 control tool magazine is stretched Solenoid valve, Y3.5 control tool magazine retract solenoid valve out.
DEC is BCD decoding instruction, and F7.0 is M code gating signal, and R920 is that the data F10 of binary type is converted into The storage address of binary-coded decimal categorical data, 83 and 84 in 8311 and 8411 be specified decoding value, and 11 be the finger for decoding digit Fixed: (01=only translates low level, and a high position is 0;10=only translates a high position, low level 0;11=high-low-position is translated), R6.2 and R6.3 is defeated Coil out, it is final to control Y3.5 and Y3.4, when ACT is 1, when the data in BCD decoding data address (i.e. R920) and translate When code value (i.e. 83 and 84) is identical, R6.2=1 or R6.3=1, the R6.2=0 or R6.3=0 if not identical are exported.It changes The corresponding relationship of M code and output R coil in knife macroprogram is shown in Table one.
Table one: the corresponding relationship of M code and output R coil in tool changing macroprogram
Decoding value Output
M81 R6.0
M82 R6.1
M83 R6.2
M84 R6.3
M85 R6.4
M86 R6.5
M87 R6.6
Further, it is analyzed referring to Fig. 3, being stretched out for M83 retracts M84 ladder diagram with cutterhead by cutterhead.
When lathe in automatic mode, R0.4 is changing to normally-closed contact, and (this is determined by the ladder diagram in the main program of front It is fixed), when program goes to M83, obtaining electric 1, the R6.2 normally opened contact that becomes by DEC decoding instruction R6.2 coil becomes closing It closes, because being not carried out M84 instruction, R6.3 still keeps normally off, because reset button does not press down, F1.1 still keeps normally off, because cutterhead does not stretch out in place, X9.1 still keeps normally off, because tool magazine does not have Execute tool magazine retract action, (interlocking contact) still keeps normally off so Y3.4, cutterhead stretch out Y3.5 coil obtain it is electric, at this moment The Y3.5 waited in circuit will connect to obtain+24V with the B01 in the CB105 in Fig. 2, and the coil of relay KA5 obtains electric actuation Electromagnetism valve events, the movement of cutterhead stretches out cylinder are stretched out to control cutterhead, cutterhead stretches out.When cutterhead stretches out sensors in place sense When measuring tool magazine and having stretched out in place, X9.1 obtains electric, and normally-closed contact is gone off, Y3.5 coil losing electricity, and cutterhead stops stretching out.When During tool magazine is stretching out, can press reset button makes cutterhead stop stretching out.Cutterhead retracts principle and cutterhead stretches out original Manage identical, details are not described herein.
According to the above technical scheme, disclosed herein as well is a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer, including cutterhead, knives Tool and tool apron are provided with several cutters on the tool apron, are provided with and several correspond on the tool apron with the cutter Label;It is provided with the probe sensor of label for identification on the cutterhead, when tool changing, the probe sensor was according to Label substance judges cutter model corresponding with the label.The label includes at least the size and type information of cutter.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, have the advantages that it compared with prior art
Tool changing macroprogram is simply readable, and attached detailed description after each section of program, personnel easy to repair find out in macroprogram Whether the movement of tool magazine is correct, and quickly where is the failure of discovery tool magazine;Automatic tool changer controls ladder diagram and uses function Modularization establishment is effectively saved the time of program execution, and readability easily transplanting, tool change time is only 6 seconds;Numerical control after upgrading Milling machine greatly reduces the workpiece non-cutting time, and production efficiency improves 5 times.
The present invention uses physical tag or code label, accurate judgement and can find target tool, is conducive to shorten and change The knife time improves system reliability.
In conjunction with attached drawing, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities Apply mode.Even if to the present invention, various changes can be made, if these variations belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies Within the scope of, then it still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method, which comprises the following steps:
Macroprogram is created, establishes ladder diagram under the macroprogram;
The label of mark tool apron information and tool-information is respectively set on tool apron and the corresponding cutter placed of the tool apron, and remembers Record the positional relationship between the cutter;
The tool apron is rotated, identifies that the corresponding cutterhead of the tool apron is fixed a cutting tool information;
Judge whether there is knife on tool apron, if executing step a without knife, if there is knife to execute step b;
Wherein, the step a specifically: rotate the tool apron, target tool is obtained according to label substance;
The step b specifically: rotate the tool apron, cutter is returned on the tool apron according to label substance, executes step later Rapid a.
2. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the label Implementation specifically includes: in several cutters on the tool apron, each cutter respectively corresponds an address, by according to target knife The corresponding address of tool determines the angle of the tool apron rotation.
3. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tool apron It is executed clockwise or counterclockwise according to the position of target tool with most short rotating path.
4. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when clockwise When with rotating path equal length counterclockwise, customized preferential direction of rotation.
5. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the label Are as follows: it is provided with T code on the cutter and the tool apron, the sensing device for detecting the T code is provided on the cutterhead, leads to It crosses the sensing device and judges whether it is target tool one by one by certain direction of rotation.
6. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that if being judged as No, the tool apron is rotated to being identified at next cutter, until being matched to the T code of target tool, executes tool changing operation.
7. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer control method according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that tool changing Start to first determine whether target tool is identical as current main axle cutter, if the same directly terminates tool changing.
8. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer, which is characterized in that including cutterhead, cutter and tool apron are set on the tool apron Several cutters are equipped with, several and one-to-one label of the cutter is provided on the tool apron;
It is provided with the probe sensor of label for identification on the cutterhead, when tool changing, the probe sensor was according to the label Content judges cutter model corresponding with the label.
9. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the label includes at least The size and type information of cutter.
CN201811398688.8A 2018-11-22 2018-11-22 A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool automatic tool changer and control method Pending CN109551282A (en)

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CN110722387A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-24 珠海格力智能装备有限公司 Method for determining position of tool magazine
TWI708658B (en) * 2019-08-01 2020-11-01 新代科技股份有限公司 An automatic tool change system and a control method for same
CN113579818A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-02 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Tool magazine control method and machining equipment
CN114918707A (en) * 2022-02-11 2022-08-19 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 Turning and milling composite numerical control machine tool changing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI708658B (en) * 2019-08-01 2020-11-01 新代科技股份有限公司 An automatic tool change system and a control method for same
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CN113579818A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-02 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Tool magazine control method and machining equipment
CN114918707A (en) * 2022-02-11 2022-08-19 宝鸡忠诚机床股份有限公司 Turning and milling composite numerical control machine tool changing method

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Application publication date: 20190402