CN109550945A - A kind of permanent-magnet material and preparation method thereof being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo - Google Patents
A kind of permanent-magnet material and preparation method thereof being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of permanent-magnet materials and preparation method thereof that the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal is total to using Bayan Obo.This method is total to association raw ore mischmetal MM as raw material using Bayan Obo, rare-earth permanent magnet is prepared using at least two or more alloys, and the optimizing components of alloy (MM, RE)-Fe-B and alloy (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B are designed to improve magnetic property.Alloy (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula is MM by atomic percenta1REa2Fe100‑a1‑a2‑b‑cBbAc, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is (Nd, Pr) by atomic percenta3Fe100‑a3‑b‑cBbAc, content of rare earth is much lower in content of rare earth ratio (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B in (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy, i.e. a1+a2+2≤a3.The content of mischmetal MM can be improved in this method while keeping higher coercivity, reduce the dosage of Nd, Pr, to significantly reduce raw material and production cost, Rare Earth Separation step and separation requirement can also be further reduced, rare earth resources can be comprehensively utilized to a greater extent, reduce the negative effect of rare earth mining and purification & isolation to environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of permanent-magnet material and its preparation sides that the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal is total to using Bayan Obo
Method belongs to rare earth permanent-magnetic material preparation field.
Background technique
Rare-earth permanent magnet (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B has the advantages that high remanent magnetism, high-coercive force, high energy product, becomes modern science
The indispensable critical material in the fields such as technology especially communications and transportation, computer, aerospace, clean energy resource.But rare earth is forever
The rare earth element that the production of magnet and application cause Nd, Pr etc. important consumes excessively, save and rationally using become country and
The problem of industrial circle is paid special attention to.
Rare earth element La and Ce, Pr, Nd coexist in Rare Earth Mine, and the abundance of La, Ce in Rare Earth Mine is high, and Nd, Pr
Abundance is low in Rare Earth Mine.Nd, Pr element consume excessively while causing La, Ce to exploit but not being utilized and overstock.Dilute
Not separated rare earth element is mischmetal in native purifying technique, in order to which efficient balance utilizes rare earth element, using mixing
The part rare earth MM substitution Nd-Pr prepares rare-earth permanent magnet, both high abundance rare earth element La and Ce can be made to be utilized in this way, reduced
The dosage of Nd, Pr, moreover it is possible to which the yield for reducing Rare Earth Mine reduces the separation processes such as the purification by liquid extraction of rare earth element, reduces former material
Expect cost, and reduces pollution of the rare earth mining separation to environment.
China is rare earth resources big country, and it is most important that Inner Mongol packet header baiyuneboite content of rare earth, which occupies first place in the world,
Rare earth permanent magnet raw material and production base.La, Ce, Pr, Nd are coexisted in the form of total association with Fe in Bayan Obo ore, La-
Ce content is more than that 75%, Nd-Pr content is about 20%, and contains a small amount of heavy rare earth Dy, Tb.It is in Authorization Notice No.
In the Chinese patent of CN104700973B, using Bayan Obo be total to association raw ore mischmetal MM-Fe-B and it is traditional (Nd,
Pr)-Fe-B is compound prepares rare-earth permanent magnet, but due to (La, the Ce) of La, Ce element formation in mischmetal2Fe14In B phase
It is lower to grasp magnetism, therefore content of the mischmetal MM in total rare earth (TRE) is no more than 35wt%.In patent application publication number
In CN104715876A, content of the mischmetal MM in total rare earth (TRE) is improved, magnet magnetic property can be remarkably decreased.
Summary of the invention
For existing mischmetal MM in total rare earth (TRE) the not high deficiency of content, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilizations
Bayan Obo is total to the permanent-magnet material and preparation method thereof of association raw ore mischmetal preparation.The present invention by (MM, RE)-Fe-B and
(Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder is mixed with rare-earth permanent magnet, is contained by rare earth in appropriate reduction (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy
Amount improves in (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy content of rare earth to improve the content of magnet magnetic property and mischmetal MM.Due to (MM,
RE) content of rare earth is low in-Fe-B alloy, close to RE2Fe14B's just divides content, therefore the content of intergranular phase is less, mischmetal
A possibility that La, Ce are mutually spread to intergranular in MM reduction is diffused into the degree drop that Nd-Pr is substituted in (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy
Low, thus the mutually high magnetocrystalline anisotropy field of (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B is maintained.Simultaneously because rare earth in (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy
Constituent content is relatively high, and Nd-Pr can be spread to intergranular liquid phase, also may replace (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy phase grain boundary La,
Ce element improves the magnetocrystalline anisotropy field of (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy phase grain boundary.Comprehensive both above factor, (Nd,
Pr) the mutually high magnetocrystalline anisotropy field of-Fe-B is maintained, and (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy phase Grain Surface magnetocrystalline anisotropy field obtains
To raising, magnet coercivity can be significantly increased, and can increase specific gravity of the mischmetal MM in total amount of rare earth in this way, reduce Nd-Pr
Dosage.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of permanent-magnet material being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, raw material include containing mischmetal
(MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder of MM, (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula press atomic percent
For MMa1REa2Fe100-a1-a2-b-cBbAc, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is (Nd, Pr) by atomic percenta3Fe100-a3-b-cBbAc,
Wherein 6≤a1≤10,2≤a2≤6,11.7≤a1+a2≤13.5,15≤a3≤20,5≤b≤8,0≤c≤15, and (MM,
RE) rare earth atom percentage composition is lower than rare earth atom percentage composition, i.e. a1+a2+ in (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy in-Fe-B alloy
2≤a3；
Mischmetal MM is that Bayan Obo be total to association raw ore mischmetal, and Fe is iron, and B is boron, RE selected from rare-earth elements La,
One or more of Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc；
In chemical formula elements A be addition element, selected from Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Ga, Nb, Mo, Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mn, C,
One or more of Si, P, S, Ge, Se, Sn, Ta, Pb.
The main phase of (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy is RE2Fe14B。
It includes following rare earth composition that Bayan Obo is total to association raw ore mischmetal by weight percentage: La 10-30%,
Ce40-60%, Pr 5-10%, Nd 5-20%, Sm 0-0.05%, Gd 0-0.04%, Tb 0-0.01%, Dy 0-
0.01%, Y 0-0.01%.
In the mixture of (MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder containing mischmetal MM and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder
In, weight percent >=40% of (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy powder containing mischmetal MM, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloyed powder
Weight percent≤60% at end.
The raw material of permanent-magnet material further includes other alloys or metal powder, and other alloys or metal powder are in permanent-magnet material
Weight percent≤20%.
Other alloys or metal powder are selected from one or more of RE, Fe, B, Co, Cu, Al, Ga, Nb, Zr, Ti.
A method of association raw ore mischmetal, which is total to, using Bayan Obo prepares permanent-magnet material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weigh the ingredient of each raw material according to ingredient design requirement, and mix in proportion, be configured to each raw material at
Divide mixture；
Step 2: each material composition mixture that step 1 is prepared is respectively put into induction melting rapid hardening furnace crucible, is taken out true
Argon gas is filled with after sky, then power transmission heats, and molten liquid is poured into linear velocity when the melting of each material composition mixture is liquid
In the water-cooled copper roller of 1-3m/s, to obtain the rapid casting that average thickness is 0.1-2.0mm；Or under vacuum conditions using induction
The mode of heating makes each material composition mixture be molten into liquid, and guarantees that alloying component is uniform, is then cooled to alloy cast ingot；
Step 3: rapid casting obtained in step 2 or alloy cast ingot being put into hydrogen breaking furnace and are crushed, is obtained just broken
Powder；Then will just be crushed powder add nitrogen carry out airflow milling, or under protective atmosphere it is first be crushed powder in be added it is anti-oxidation
Agent prevents the oxidation and reunion of powder, will just be crushed powder by airflow milling, and be prepared into 1-6 μm of average particle size of alloy powder；
Step 4: each alloy powder that step 3 is obtained is uniformly mixed；
Step 5: the powder that step 4 is uniformly mixed being orientated compression moulding in the magnetic field of 1-3T, in cold isostatic press
Blank is made；
Step 6: the blank that step 5 is obtained is put into sintering furnace, will be evacuated to vacuum in furnace, is then charged with argon gas, heating
It is sintered to 970-1080 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 1-6h, obtains dense sintering magnet；
Step 7: the dense sintering magnet that step 6 is obtained respectively in 700-980 DEG C and 400-700 DEG C of heat treatment 1-4h,
Permanent-magnet material is made.
Nitrogen is 5-7atm in step 3.
Vacuum is 3 × 10 in step 6-3Pa。
The density of blank is 3-5g/cm3
The content of rare earth that the present invention contains in (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy of mischmetal MM is low；(Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy
In rare earth element nd-Pr content it is high, and provide high magnetocrystalline anisotropy field.The rare earth element master in sintering annealing process
It to be spread from the low alloy phase of the opposite content of the high alloy of content of rare earth, La, Ce element are from content of rare earth in mischmetal MM
Diffusion substitution Nd-Pr weakens in the high alloy phase of the opposite content of low alloy, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B mutually high magnetocrystalline anisotropy
Field is maintained, and magnet is able to maintain higher coercivity.
Rare earth element nd-Pr content in (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy of the invention is high, Nd-Pr etc. in sintering annealing process
Element is more significant to intergranular diffusion, and further (MM, the RE)-Fe-B phase Grain Surface diffusion low to content of rare earth, is improved
The magnetocrystalline anisotropy field of (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy phase Grain Surface, the coercivity of magnet are improved.
The content of rare earth of (MM, RE)-Fe-B main phase of the invention is low, therefore total rare earth content is relatively low in magnet, Fe content
Greatly, the saturation magnetization of magnet is higher, and remanent magnetism is higher, can obtain good comprehensive magnetic energy.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) mischmetal (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy content of rare earth of the present invention is low, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy content of rare earth
The magnet of height, two kinds of compound preparations of alloy powder has higher coercivity, and magnetic property is improved.
2) amount that (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy powder of the invention accounts for powder after mixing can increase, and MM total content can in magnet
Appropriateness improves, and the high Nd-Pr dosage decline of price, the magnet cost of raw material is remarkably decreased.
3) Nd-Pr dosage of the present invention decline, mischmetal MM content improve, thus can substantially reduce Rare Earth Separation step and
Separation requirement can comprehensively utilize rare earth resources to a greater extent, reduce rare earth mining and purification & isolation to the negative shadow of environment
It rings.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
It includes following rare earth composition that Bayan Obo is total to association raw ore mischmetal by weight percentage: La 10-30%,
Ce40-60%, Pr 5-10%, Nd 5-20%, Sm 0-0.05%, Gd 0-0.04%, Tb 0-0.01%, Dy 0-
0.01%, Y 0-0.01%.
Embodiment 1
A kind of permanent-magnet material being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, raw material include containing mischmetal
(MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder of MM, (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula press atomic percent
For MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is Nd by atomic percent15Fe79B6。
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing MM according to ingredient design requirement8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Ingredient, and mix in proportion
It closes, is configured to the constituents mixt of two kinds of alloys；
Step 2: each alloying component mixture that step 1 is prepared is respectively under vacuum conditions using induction heating (1100
DEG C, 2h) mode so that each alloying component mixture is molten into liquid, then cooling obtain MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6With
Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot guarantees that ingredient is uniform when melting, to ensure the main phase of alloy for RE2Fe14B；
Step 3: by MM obtained in step 28.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot is put into hydrogen breaking furnace
It is broken, obtain just broken powder；Then will just be crushed powder adds 5~-7atm high pressure nitrogen to carry out airflow milling, is prepared into respectively flat
The MM that equal granularity is about 3.5 μm8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder；
Step 4: the 7g MM that step 3 is obtained8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6Alloy powder and 3g Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder is mixed
It closes uniform；
Step 5: the powder that step 4 is uniformly mixed being orientated compression moulding in the magnetic field of 2T, is made in cold isostatic press
It is 4g/cm at density3Blank；
Step 6: the blank that step 5 is obtained is put into sintering furnace, will be evacuated to 3 × 10 in furnace-3Pa high vacuum, is then charged with
Argon gas is warming up to 1030 DEG C and is sintered, and is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 2h, obtains dense sintering magnet；
Step 7: in 900 DEG C and 550 DEG C heat treatment 2h, permanent magnetism material is made respectively in the dense sintering magnet that step 6 is obtained
Material.
Using two kinds of alloys is raw materials with similar in 1 content of rare earth of embodiment, as a comparison case, according to the method for embodiment 1
Permanent-magnet material is prepared, result is such as shown in Table 1.
Table 1: embodiment 1 and comparative example 1,2 magnet magnetic properties and mischmetal MM content
From table 1 it follows that coercivity, the magnetic energy product of the magnet of comparative example 1 and 2 are below the magnet of embodiment 1, this is said
The method that bright embodiment 1 uses has better effect on improving magnetic property.
Embodiment 2
A kind of permanent-magnet material being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, raw material include containing mischmetal
(MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder of MM, (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula press atomic percent
For MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is Nd by atomic percent15Fe79B6。
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing MM according to ingredient design requirement8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Ingredient, and mix in proportion
It closes, is configured to the constituents mixt of two kinds of alloys；
Step 2: each alloying component mixture that step 1 is prepared is respectively under vacuum conditions using induction heating (1100
DEG C, 2h) mode so that each alloying component mixture is molten into liquid, then cooling obtain MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6With
Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot guarantees that ingredient is uniform when melting, to ensure the main phase of alloy for RE2Fe14B；
Step 3: by MM obtained in step 28.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot is put into hydrogen breaking furnace
It is broken, obtain just broken powder；Then will just be crushed powder adds 5-7atm high pressure nitrogen to carry out airflow milling, is prepared into respectively average
Granularity is about 3.5 μm of MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder；
Step 4: the 6g MM that step 3 is obtained8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6Alloy powder and 4g Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder is mixed
It closes uniform；
Step 5: the powder that step 4 is uniformly mixed being orientated compression moulding in the magnetic field of 1T, is made in cold isostatic press
It is 3g/cm at density3Blank；
Step 6: the blank that step 5 is obtained is put into sintering furnace, will be evacuated to 3 × 10 in furnace-3Pa high vacuum, is then charged with
Argon gas is warming up to 1030 DEG C and is sintered, and is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 2h, obtains dense sintering magnet；
Step 7: in 900 DEG C and 550 DEG C heat treatment 2h, permanent magnetism material is made respectively in the dense sintering magnet that step 6 is obtained
Material.
With in a kind of alloy similar in 2 content of rare earth of embodiment and number of patent application CN 201310671574.7
Alloy is raw material, as a comparison case, prepares permanent-magnet material according to the method for embodiment 2, result is such as shown in Table 2.
Table 2: embodiment 2 and comparative example magnet magnetic property and mischmetal MM content
From Table 2, it can be seen that the coercivity of 3 magnet of comparative example, magnetic energy product are lower than the magnet of embodiment 2, this illustrates reality
The method for applying the use of example 2 has better effect on improving magnetic property.The magnetic property of 4 magnet of comparative example is lower than embodiment 2
Magnet, and it is only 35wt% that mischmetal MM, which accounts for the content of total amount of rare earth,.This illustrates that the method that embodiment 2 uses mentions at the same time
There is better effect in high magnetic characteristics and raising mischmetal MM content.
In conclusion the present invention is mixed with by the higher alloy of content of rare earth and the lower alloy powder of content of rare earth
Rare-earth permanent magnet, while obtaining higher coercivity and magnetic property, the content of mischmetal MM be can be improved, and high abundance is cheap
Rare earth element can be utilized to a greater extent.
Embodiment 3
A kind of permanent-magnet material being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, raw material include containing mischmetal
(MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder of MM, (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula press atomic percent
For MM8.8Nd3.4Fe80.8B6Co1, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is Nd by atomic percent15Fe79B6。
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing MM according to ingredient design requirement8.8Nd3.4Fe80.8B6Co1And Nd15Fe79B6Ingredient, and in proportion
Mixing, is configured to the constituents mixt of two kinds of alloys；
Step 2: each alloying component mixture that step 1 is prepared is respectively under vacuum conditions using induction heating (1100
DEG C, 2h) mode so that each alloying component mixture is molten into liquid, then cooling obtain MM8.8Nd3.4Fe80.8B6Co1With
Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot guarantees that ingredient is uniform when melting, to ensure the main phase of alloy for RE2Fe14B；
Step 3: by MM obtained in step 28.8Nd3.4Fe80.8B6Co1And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot is put into hydrogen breaking furnace
In be crushed, obtain just broken powder；Then will just be crushed powder adds 5-7atm high pressure nitrogen to carry out airflow milling, is prepared into respectively flat
The MM that equal granularity is about 3.5 μm8.8Nd3.4Fe80.8B6Co1And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder；
Step 4: the 6g MM that step 3 is obtained8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6Alloy powder and 4g Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder is mixed
It closes uniform；
Step 5: the powder that step 4 is uniformly mixed being orientated compression moulding in the magnetic field of 2T, is made in cold isostatic press
It is about 4g/cm at density3Blank；
Step 6: the blank that step 5 is obtained is put into sintering furnace, will be evacuated to 3 × 10 in furnace-3Pa high vacuum, is then charged with
Argon gas is warming up to 1030 DEG C and is sintered, and is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 2h, obtains dense sintering magnet；
Step 7: in 900 DEG C and 550 DEG C heat treatment 2h, permanent magnetism material is made respectively in the dense sintering magnet that step 6 is obtained
Material.
Magnet performance is tested, magnet coercivity HcFor 7.91kOe, remanent magnetism BrFor 12.23kGs, magnetic energy product (BH)max
For 32.56MGsOe.It is 40wt% that mischmetal MM, which accounts for rare earth weight ratio,.
Embodiment 4
A kind of permanent-magnet material being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, raw material include containing mischmetal
(MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder of MM, (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula press atomic percent
For MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is Nd by atomic percent15Fe79B6。
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: weighing MM according to ingredient design requirement8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Ingredient, and mix in proportion
It closes, is configured to the constituents mixt of two kinds of alloys；
Step 2: each alloying component mixture that step 1 is prepared is respectively under vacuum conditions using induction heating (1100
DEG C, 2h) mode so that each alloying component mixture is molten into liquid, then cooling obtain MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6With
Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot guarantees that ingredient is uniform when melting, to ensure the main phase of alloy for RE2Fe14B；
Step 3: by MM obtained in step 28.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy cast ingot is put into hydrogen breaking furnace
It is broken, obtain just broken powder；Then will just be crushed powder adds 5-7atm high pressure nitrogen to carry out airflow milling, is prepared into respectively average
Granularity is about 3.5 μm of MM8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6And Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder；
Step 4: the 6.7g MM that step 3 is obtained8.8Nd3.4Fe81.8B6Alloy powder and 3g Nd15Fe79B6Alloy powder
Mixing, the another 0.3g Nd powder that is added are uniformly mixed；Nd powder is put into hydrogen breaking furnace by metal Nd is crushed rear ball milling acquisition；
Step 5: the powder that step 4 is uniformly mixed being orientated compression moulding in the magnetic field of 2T, is made in cold isostatic press
It is about 4g/cm at density3Blank；
Step 6: the blank that step 5 is obtained is put into sintering furnace, will be evacuated to 3 × 10 in furnace-3Pa high vacuum, is then charged with
Argon gas is warming up to 1030 DEG C and is sintered, and is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 2h, obtains dense sintering magnet；
Step 7: in 900 DEG C and 550 DEG C heat treatment 2h, permanent magnetism material is made respectively in the dense sintering magnet that step 6 is obtained
Material.
Magnet performance is tested, magnet coercivity HcFor 8.16kOe, remanent magnetism BrFor 12.15kGs, magnetic energy product (BH)max
For 31.69MGsOe.It is 42wt% that mischmetal, which accounts for rare earth weight ratio,.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of permanent-magnet material for being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, which is characterized in that raw material includes containing
There are (MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder of mischmetal MM, (MM, RE)-Fe-B chemical formula is pressed
Atomic percent is MMa1REa2Fe100-a1-a2-b-cBbAc, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B chemical formula is (Nd, Pr) by atomic percenta3Fe100-a3-b-cBbAc, wherein 6≤a1≤10,2≤a2≤6,11.7≤a1+a2≤13.5,15≤a3≤20,5≤b≤8,0≤
C≤15, and rare earth atom percentage composition is lower than rare earth atom percentage in (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy in (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy
Content, i.e. a1+a2+2≤a3；
Mischmetal MM is that Bayan Obo be total to association raw ore mischmetal, and Fe is iron, and B is boron, RE selected from rare earth element La and Ce,
One or more of Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc；
In chemical formula elements A be addition element, selected from Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Ga, Nb, Mo, Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mn, C, Si, P,
S, one or more of Ge, Se, Sn, Ta, Pb.
2. the permanent-magnet material according to claim 1 for being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, feature
It is, the main phase of (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy is RE2Fe14B。
3. the permanent-magnet material according to claim 1 for being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, feature
It is, it includes following rare earth composition that Bayan Obo is total to association raw ore mischmetal by weight percentage: La 10-30%, Ce
40-60%, Pr 5-10%, Nd 5-20%, Sm 0-0.05%, Gd 0-0.04%, Tb 0-0.01%, Dy 0-0.01%, Y
0-0.01%.
4. the permanent-magnet material according to claim 1 for being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, feature
It is, in the mixture of (MM, the RE)-Fe-B alloy powder containing mischmetal MM and (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder,
Weight percent >=40% of (MM, RE)-Fe-B alloy powder containing mischmetal MM, (Nd, Pr)-Fe-B alloy powder
Weight percent≤60%.
5. utilization Bayan Obo according to claim 1 is total to association raw ore mischmetal and prepares volume permanent-magnet material, feature
It is, the raw material of permanent-magnet material further includes other alloys or metal powder, and other alloys or metal powder are in permanent-magnet material
Weight percent≤20%.
6. the permanent-magnet material according to claim 5 for being total to the preparation of association raw ore mischmetal using Bayan Obo, feature
It is, other alloys or metal powder are selected from one or more of RE, Fe, B, Co, Cu, Al, Ga, Nb, Zr, Ti.
7. a kind of preparation method of permanent-magnet material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: weighing the ingredient of each raw material according to ingredient design requirement, and mix in proportion, the ingredient for being configured to each raw material is mixed
Close object；
Step 2: each material composition mixture that step 1 is prepared is respectively put into induction melting rapid hardening furnace crucible, after vacuumizing
It is filled with argon gas, then power transmission heats, and it is 1- that molten liquid, which is poured into linear velocity, when the melting of each material composition mixture is liquid
In the water-cooled copper roller of 3m/s, the rapid casting that average thickness is 0.1-2.0mm is obtained；Or induction heating is used under vacuum conditions
Mode so that each material composition mixture is molten into liquid, and guarantee that alloying component is uniform, be then cooled to alloy cast ingot；
Step 3: rapid casting obtained in step 2 or alloy cast ingot being put into hydrogen breaking furnace and are crushed, just broken powder is obtained；
Then will just be crushed powder adds nitrogen to carry out airflow milling, or antioxidant prevention is added in first broken powder under protective atmosphere
The oxidation and reunion of powder will just be crushed powder by airflow milling, and be prepared into 1-6 μm of average particle size of alloy powder；
Step 4: each alloy powder that step 3 is obtained is uniformly mixed；
Step 5: the powder that step 4 is uniformly mixed being orientated compression moulding in the magnetic field of 1-3T, is made in cold isostatic press
Blank；
Step 6: the blank that step 5 is obtained is put into sintering furnace, will be evacuated to vacuum in furnace, is then charged with argon gas, is warming up to
970-1080 DEG C is sintered, and is cooled to room temperature after keeping the temperature 1-6h, obtains dense sintering magnet；
Step 7: the dense sintering magnet that step 6 is obtained in 700-980 DEG C and 400-700 DEG C of heat treatment 1-4h, is made respectively
Permanent-magnet material.
8. the preparation method of permanent-magnet material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that nitrogen is 5-7atm in step 3.
9. the preparation method of permanent-magnet material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that vacuum is 3 × 10 in step 6-3Pa。
10. the preparation method of permanent-magnet material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the density of blank is 3-5g/cm3。
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