CN109545563A - A kind of electrolyte for capacitor - Google Patents
A kind of electrolyte for capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109545563A CN109545563A CN201910034154.5A CN201910034154A CN109545563A CN 109545563 A CN109545563 A CN 109545563A CN 201910034154 A CN201910034154 A CN 201910034154A CN 109545563 A CN109545563 A CN 109545563A
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- Prior art keywords
- additive
- electrolyte
- salt
- organic
- boric acid
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 18
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical class O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XDVOLDOITVSJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dihydroxy-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B(O)OB2OB(O)OB1O2 XDVOLDOITVSJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical class CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QGKPFZYVJCURLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;tetramethylazanium Chemical compound OB(O)O.C[N+](C)(C)C QGKPFZYVJCURLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical group COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- NTBYNMBEYCCFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane boric acid Chemical compound N.N.N.OB(O)O NTBYNMBEYCCFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQCQTPBVJCWETB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound FC1=COC(=O)O1 ZQCQTPBVJCWETB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXOAUAWLZKQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.OC(O)=O SIXOAUAWLZKQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylmethane Natural products CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O ethylaminium Chemical compound CC[NH3+] QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to electrochemical treatments technical fields, and in particular to a kind of electrolyte for capacitor, including organic salt, organic solvent, additive；Wherein, the molar concentration of organic salt in the electrolytic solution is 0.5 ~ 2.5mol/L；Additive additive amount is the mass percent 0.75% ~ 15% of electrolyte；Organic salt is chain type boric acid ammonium salt or ring type boric acid ammonium salt, and additive is SEI film for additive or conductive additive or flame-retardant additive or additives for overcharge protection additive.According to the technical solution of the present invention, the electrolyte of acquisition has wide electrochemical window, high conductivity and prolonged cycle life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrochemical treatments technical fields, and in particular to a kind of electrolyte for capacitor.
Background technique
With the fast development of double layer capacitor and supercapacitor in recent years, application prospect is more and more extensive.It is double-deck
The capacity of capacitor both can be used for various power supply apparatus and computer up to 5000F, can be used for large-scale energy device,
In solar power generation and wind power generation field is available makes full use of.And supercapacitor is between electrostatic condenser and battery
Between special energy-storage travelling wave tube.Currently, hybrid power or pure electric automobile are the main trend of automotive field development, and super capacitor
Device can be used in combination with battery, provide best solution for the dynamical problem of electric car.Supercapacitor exists
Military field is also used widely, and has very big application value on various military equipments and weapon manufacture.
And electric double layer capacitance or super capacitor play the key of its function first is that its electrolyte for using.Electrolyte determines
The working environment of capacitor, physicochemical properties, macroscopic property and the electrochemical properties of electrolyte directly decide capacitor
The chemical property and cycle charge discharge electric life of device.Common capacitor electrolyte has organic system and aqueous electrolyte.It grinds at present
Study carefully and shows that the supercapacitor of organic system electrolyte assembling obtains high energy density, wide operating temperature section, high conduction
Property and electrochemical stability.Therefore, in actual application, how preferably to optimize electrolyte system and improve organic system electricity
The decomposition voltage for solving liquid is research direction.
Summary of the invention
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention provides a kind of electrolyte.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of electrolyte for capacitor, including organic salt (A), organic solvent (B), additive (C), which is characterized in that described to have
Molar concentration of the machine salt (A) in the electrolyte is 0.5 ~ 2.5mol/L；Additive (C) additive amount is the electrolyte
Mass percent 0.75% ~ 15%.
Further, the organic salt (A) be tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate salt, one ethyl ammonium salt of tetrafluoro boric acid trimethyl,
Tetrafluoro boric acid tetramethyl ammonium, N, N- dimethyl pyrrolidine tetrafluoroborate, 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate,
N- ethyl-N-methyl pyrrolidines tetrafluoroborate, N, the double spiro quaternary ammoniums of N- diethyl pyrrolidines tetrafluoroborate, tetraboric acid
The combination of one or more of salt.
Further, the organic solvent (B) is carbonats compound (D) and/or alkyl sulfonates compound
(E).
Further, the additive (C) is fluoro hexamethylene ether, acetamide, azepine -15- crown ether -5, fluoro ethylene carbonate
The combination of one or more of ester, dimethyl bromination benzene.
The invention has the following advantages: the present invention cooperates specific organic solvent body using organic salt as electrolyte
System, a variety of organic salts and organic solvent system, increase electrochemical window width, improve the conductivity of electrolyte；In addition add
Add various functional additives, SEI film that can be excellent in electrode surface forming properties inhibits the insertion of solvent molecule, effectively
Cycle life is improved, conductivity is significantly improved.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, advantage and embodiment seem be more clear it is clear, now in conjunction with specific embodiment pair
The present invention is further described, it should be understood that embodiment described herein is only explanation of the present invention, not
It is construed as limiting the invention.
A kind of electrolyte for capacitor, including organic salt (A), organic solvent (B), additive (C), which is characterized in that institute
Stating molar concentration of the organic salt (A) in the electrolyte is 0.5 ~ 2.5mol/L；Additive (C) additive amount is the electricity
Solve the mass percent 0.75% ~ 15% of liquid.
Further, the organic salt (A) is tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate salt (A1), one ethyl ammonium of tetrafluoro boric acid trimethyl
Salt (A2), tetrafluoro boric acid tetramethyl ammonium (A3), N, N- dimethyl pyrrolidine tetrafluoroborate (A4), 1- ethyl -3- methyl
Tetrafluoroborate (A5), N- ethyl-N-methyl pyrrolidines tetrafluoroborate (A6), N, N- diethyl pyrrolidines tetrafluoro
The combination of one or more of the double spiro quaternary ammonium salt (A8) of borate (A7), tetraboric acid.The organic salt (A) be multiple combinations at
Timesharing, total adding proportion of each component are 0.5 ~ 2.5mol/L.
Further, the organic solvent (B) is carbonats compound (D) and/or alkyl sulfonic acid class compound (E).
When the organic solvent (B) is that multiple combinations ingredient adds, each group is divided into equal proportion addition.
Further, the carbonats compound (D) be ethylene carbonate (D1), propene carbonate (D2), carbonic acid it is sub-
At least one of vinyl acetate (D3), fluorinated ethylene carbonate (D4), the alkyl sulfonates compound (E) are 1,3- propane
At least one of sultones (E1), 1,4- butyl sulfonic acid lactone (E2).Further, the organic solvent (B) is a variety of
When composition adds, each group is divided into the addition of equal proportion volume.
Further, the additive (C) is fluoro hexamethylene ether (C1), acetamide (C2), azepine -15- crown ether -5(C3),
The combination of one or more of fluorinated ethylene carbonate (C4), dimethyl bromination benzene (C5).Further, the additive (C)
When adding for multiple combinations ingredient, total adding proportion of each component is the mass percent 0.75% ~ 15% of the electrolyte.
The present invention illustrates the component and content of 1 ~ 19 kind of organic matter electrolyte in a tabular form, and using corresponding electricity
Solve specific capacitance, internal resistance and the thousand cycle charge-discharge specific capacitance attenuation rates of the supercapacitor of liquid preparation.
Supercapacitor prepared by the embodiment of the present invention is double layer capacitor, using carbon nanotube or graphene or work
Property Carbon fibe make carbon electrode.
| Embodiment | Organic salt (mol/L) | Organic solvent (wt%) | Additive (mol/L) | Electrochemical window (V) | Conductivity (mS/cm) | Thousand cycle charge-discharge specific capacitance attenuation rates (%) |
| 1 | A1(1M) | D1+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(7.5%) | 2.65 | 14.54 | 8.91 |
| 2 | A2(1M) | D2+E1 | C1+C3+C4+C5(7.5%) | 2.78 | 13.98 | 8.78 |
| 3 | A3(1M) | D3+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(7.5%) | 2.94 | 14.28 | 8.95 |
| 4 | A4(1M) | D4+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(7.5%) | 3.45 | 14.38 | 8.56 |
| 5 | A5(1M) | D1+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(7.5%) | 3.89 | 15.98 | 8.49 |
| 6 | A6(1M) | D3+E2 | C1+C3+C4+C5(7.5%) | 4.57 | 15.61 | 8.39 |
| 7 | A7(1M) | D4+E2 | C1+C3+C4+C5(7.5%) | 4.23 | 15.83 | 8.56 |
| 8 | A8(1M) | D2+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(7.5%) | 4.82 | 16.10 | 8.36 |
| 9 | A1+A4(1.0M) | D1+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.35 | 15.32 | 8.24 |
| 10 | A1+A8(1.0M) | D2+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.52 | 15.46 | 8.16 |
| 11 | A2+A5(1.0M) | D1+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.36 | 15.26 | 8.37 |
| 12 | A3+A6(1.0M) | D1+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.28 | 14.98 | 8.41 |
| 13 | A1+A2+A3(1.5M) | D1+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.26 | 15.73 | 8.36 |
| 14 | A2+A3+A4(1.5M) | D1+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.17 | 15.43 | 9.06 |
| 15 | A4+A5+A6(2.0M) | D1+E2 | C1+C2(10.0%) | 4.36 | 15.49 | 8.06 |
| 16 | A5+A6+A7(1.5M) | D1+E2 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.33 | 15.87 | 8.02 |
| 17 | A6+A7+A8(1.5M) | D2+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.78 | 15.29 | 7.68 |
| 18 | A4+A5+A6+A7(2.0M) | D2+E1 | C1+C2+C4+C5(10.0%) | 4.29 | 15.68 | 7.35 |
| 19 | A5+A6+A7+A8(2.0M) | D2+E2 | C1+C2(10.0%) | 4.86 | 16.02 | 7.86 |
By above embodiments as it can be seen that using a variety of organic salts and organic solvent system, electrochemical window width is increased, is mentioned
The conductivity of electrolyte is risen；In addition fluoro hexamethylene ether or acetamide are added, SEI that can be excellent in electrode surface forming properties
Film inhibits the insertion of solvent molecule, effectively improves cycle life；Adding the macromoleculars such as acetamide or azepine -15- crown ether -5 can
It is inserted altogether to avoid ligand, significantly improves conductivity.
The above described specific embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention, any basis
Any other various changes and modifications made by technical concept of the invention should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention
It protects in range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of electrolyte for capacitor, including organic salt (A), organic solvent (B), additive (C), which is characterized in that described
Molar concentration of the organic salt (A) in the electrolyte is 0.5 ~ 2.5mol/L；Additive (C) additive amount is the electrolysis
The mass percent 0.75% ~ 15% of liquid.
2. electrolyte for capacitor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic salt (A) is tetrafluoro boric acid four
Ethyl ammonium salt, one ethyl ammonium salt of tetrafluoro boric acid trimethyl, tetrafluoro boric acid tetramethyl ammonium, N, N- dimethyl pyrrolidine tetrafluoro boron
Hydrochlorate, 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate, N- ethyl-N-methyl pyrrolidines tetrafluoroborate, N, N- diethyl
The combination of one or more of the double spiro quaternary ammonium salt of pyrrolidines tetrafluoroborate, tetraboric acid.
3. electrolyte for capacitor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic solvent (B) is carbonates
Compound (D) and/or alkyl sulfonates compound (E).
4. electrolyte for capacitor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the additive (C) be fluoro hexamethylene ether,
The combination of one or more of acetamide, azepine -15- crown ether -5, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, dimethyl bromination benzene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910034154.5A CN109545563A (en) | 2019-01-15 | 2019-01-15 | A kind of electrolyte for capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910034154.5A CN109545563A (en) | 2019-01-15 | 2019-01-15 | A kind of electrolyte for capacitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109545563A true CN109545563A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
Family
ID=65835450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910034154.5A Pending CN109545563A (en) | 2019-01-15 | 2019-01-15 | A kind of electrolyte for capacitor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109545563A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101479818A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-07-08 | 大塚化学株式会社 | Additive for electrolyte solution and electrolyte solution |
| CN103730263A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | Organic electrolytic solution for super capacitor and super capacitor |
| CN104319115A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2015-01-28 | 惠州市鸣曦科技有限公司 | Method for pre-burying of negative electrode of hybrid super capacitor |
| CN106229555A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 井冈山大学 | The method that polymerization Azacrown ether containing coated separator improves manganese systems lithium ion battery service life |
| CN107887176A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of organic electrolyte and ultracapacitor for ultracapacitor |
-
2019
- 2019-01-15 CN CN201910034154.5A patent/CN109545563A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101479818A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2009-07-08 | 大塚化学株式会社 | Additive for electrolyte solution and electrolyte solution |
| CN103730263A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-16 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | Organic electrolytic solution for super capacitor and super capacitor |
| CN104319115A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2015-01-28 | 惠州市鸣曦科技有限公司 | Method for pre-burying of negative electrode of hybrid super capacitor |
| CN106229555A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 井冈山大学 | The method that polymerization Azacrown ether containing coated separator improves manganese systems lithium ion battery service life |
| CN107887176A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of organic electrolyte and ultracapacitor for ultracapacitor |
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Application publication date: 20190329 |
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