CN109540455B - Thin-wall model double-beam hinge structure and dynamic test supporting method - Google Patents
Thin-wall model double-beam hinge structure and dynamic test supporting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109540455B CN109540455B CN201811313745.8A CN201811313745A CN109540455B CN 109540455 B CN109540455 B CN 109540455B CN 201811313745 A CN201811313745 A CN 201811313745A CN 109540455 B CN109540455 B CN 109540455B
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Abstract
A thin-wall model double-beam hinge structure and a dynamic test supporting method are provided, wherein the hinge structure comprises: a support rod fixing sleeve, two elastic beams, a model fixing flap, a model supporting sleeve and a support rod; the support rod fixing sleeve, the elastic beam and the model fixing valve are integrally processed, the two elastic beams are arranged in parallel on the same plane, and the support rod fixing sleeve and the model fixing valve are respectively connected to two ends of the elastic beams; the support rod fixing sleeve is fixed with the support rod, and the model fixing flap is fixed with the model supporting sleeve; the model support sleeve is fixed with the test model, and then elastic fixation of the test model relative to the supporting rod is achieved. The hinge structure can more accurately simulate the vibration mode of the model, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the test precision and increasing the accuracy of the wind tunnel test simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a thin-wall model (generally less than 2 mm) double-beam hinge structure, and belongs to the field of aerospace engineering.
Background
When some dynamic wind tunnel tests are carried out, a model needs to be designed and is elastically hinged and fixedly supported, the position of the support is usually the vibration mode node position of the model vibration, and the model can rotate but cannot translate at the node position. In general, the design method of the model support is as follows: and fixing the model and the support rod by using a flange plate.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the conventional model supporting and fixing structure includes: 1 support rod, 2 fixed flange, 3 model fixed screw/pin, 4 test model and the like. Wherein, one part of the fixed flange plate is integrally processed with the test model, the other part of the fixed flange plate is integrally processed with the supporting rod, and the test model is fixed on the supporting rod by using a model fixing screw/pin.
The existing model fixing structure has the following problems:
(1) the model fixing mode is fixed by fixed support, the hinge support condition of the aircraft cannot be simulated, and the dynamic characteristics of the model cannot be simulated.
(2) The existing model fixing mode is generally used for fixing a solid model, and for a thin-wall model, the connection position of the model and a flange plate is easy to deform due to the fact that the rigidity and the strength of the thin-wall model are small.
(3) For a multi-node fixed model, the fixed position of the supporting rod is determined, and the related model and the supporting rod need to be designed and processed in each test, so that the processing cost of the model is increased.
(4) Because each point is fixed support, in order to avoid statically indeterminate fixation, the fixed support mode is not beneficial to multi-node fixation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the aim is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a novel elastic hinge structure of the model and a dynamic test supporting method, and the hinge structure can more accurately simulate the vibration mode of the model, so that the aims of improving the test precision and increasing the accuracy of the wind tunnel test simulation are fulfilled.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure comprising: a support rod fixing sleeve, two elastic beams, a model fixing flap, a model supporting sleeve and a support rod;
the support rod fixing sleeve, the elastic beam and the model fixing valve are integrally processed, the two elastic beams are arranged in parallel on the same plane, and the support rod fixing sleeve and the model fixing valve are respectively connected to two ends of the elastic beams; the support rod fixing sleeve is fixed with the support rod, and the model fixing flap is fixed with the model supporting sleeve; the model support sleeve is fixed with the test model, and then elastic fixation of the test model relative to the supporting rod is achieved.
Preferably, the support rod fixing sleeve, the elastic beam and the model fixing valve are manufactured by metal processing with the elastic modulus larger than 210 GPa.
Preferably, the thickness c of the elastic beam ranges from 0.6mm to 1.5mm, the length d ranges from 20mm to 40mm, and the width e ranges from 3mm to 8 mm.
Preferably, the value range of the width a of the model fixed valve and the width b of the support rod fixing sleeve is 10-15 mm.
Preferably, the supporting rod and the supporting rod fixing sleeve are pressed and fixed through a supporting rod fixing and pressing screw rod, and the optimal value range of the diameter of the supporting rod fixing and pressing screw rod is 1-3 mm; the supporting rod fixing and pressing screw rod adopts a countersunk head screw or a screw rod without a nut, and the end part of the screw rod is provided with a cut which is convenient for screwing and fixing.
Preferably, the strut fixing sleeve is cylindrical with a central strut mounting hole, and the cross section of the model fixing flap is in a fan-ring structure; the outer diameter of the supporting rod fixing sleeve is smaller than that of the model fixing valve, and the diameter difference between the supporting rod fixing sleeve and the model fixing valve is more than 2 mm.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the model fixed valve is 0.04mm to 0.08mm smaller than the inner diameter of the model supporting sleeve.
Preferably, the shape of the central support rod mounting hole is consistent with the shape of the cross section of the support rod, and the size of the central support rod mounting hole is 0.04 mm-0.08 mm larger than the outer contour of the support rod.
Preferably, the whole supporting rod is a straight column, two opposite side surfaces of the straight column are rectangular, the other two opposite side surfaces of the straight column are cambered surfaces, and the central angle alpha formed by the cambered surfaces is 90 degrees +/-20 degrees.
Preferably, the model support sleeve and the test model are fixed through a countersunk head screw, and the outer surface of the screw needs to be in smooth transition with the outer surface of the test model.
The structure is suitable for the wall thickness range of the thin-wall model of 1-2 mm.
A thin-wall model dynamics test supporting method is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, finite element analysis is carried out on the structure, and the length, the width and the thickness of an elastic beam in the structure are determined according to different supporting rigidity requirements;
secondly, processing a double-beam hinge structure meeting the requirements of different elastic beam sizes;
and thirdly, selecting a corresponding double-beam hinge structure to elastically support the test model according to the supporting rigidity required by the current test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the model dynamics characteristic simulation is accurate, the translation freedom degree of the model can be effectively limited, and the torsion freedom degree of the model is relaxed.
(2) Compared with a transmission model supporting method, the thin-wall test model has the advantages that the test model is not in direct contact with the flange plate, the deformation of the model caused by the extrusion of the flange plate is avoided, the stability of the shape of the test model in a high-speed flow field is ensured, and the error caused by the deformation of the model in the test process is reduced.
(3) The equipment is simple, is convenient to install and dismantle, can used repeatedly, can adjust the support position according to the node position that model design required, utilizes one set of test equipment can realize the simulation to the different vibration condition of structure.
(4) For the traditional fixing form, if single-point fixing is adopted, the fixing can not be fixed firmly, and when multi-point fixing is adopted, the hyperstatic phenomenon can occur generally, and internal stress is generated on the model. The cantilever support structure is used, so that firm hinged fixation can be provided for the thin-wall model, the model can be fixed at multiple nodes at the modal node position of the structure, the hyperstatic phenomenon cannot occur, and the technical problem of supporting the full-elastic thin-wall model is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a prior art model flange mounting arrangement;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a prior art flange mounting structure;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a molded articulating fixation structure component of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a semi-sectional view of a mold hinge fastening structure assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a mold hinge anchor feature of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an elevation view of a mold hinge anchor feature of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of a mold hinge anchor assembly of the present invention;
the test device comprises a support rod fixing sleeve 1, an elastic beam 2, a model fixing flap 3, a support rod fixing compression screw rod 4, a model fixing screw 5, a support rod 6, a test model 7, a flange plate 8, a fixing screw/pin 9 and a model supporting sleeve 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present invention includes: the device comprises a support rod fixing sleeve 1, an elastic beam 2, a model fixing flap 3, a support rod fixing compression screw rod 4, a model fixing screw 5, a support rod 6, a test model 7 and a model supporting sleeve 10.
The support rod fixing sleeve 1, the elastic beam 2 and the model fixing flap 3 are integrally processed, and the model supporting sleeve 10 is fixedly connected with the test model 7 through rivets. Two elastic beams 2 are placed in parallel on the same plane, and a support rod fixing sleeve 1 and a model fixing flap 3 are respectively connected to two ends of each elastic beam. In the test process, the supporting rod fixing sleeve 1 is pressed and fixed on the supporting rod 6 by using the supporting rod fixing compression screw rod 4, the supporting rod 6 and the supporting rod fixing sleeve 1 are fixed by using the supporting rod fixing compression screw rod 4, and the test model 7 and the model fixing valve 3 are fixed by using the model fixing screw 5.
The support rod fixing sleeve 1, the elastic beam 2 and the model fixing valve 3 are machined and manufactured by metal (such as bearing steel, spring steel, 45# steel and other materials) with higher elastic model (generally more than 210GPa) as much as possible.
Wherein the thickness of the elastic beam (c in figure 6) is preferably 0.6 mm-1.5 mm.
The length (d in figure 6) of the elastic beam is preferably 20 mm-40 mm, and the width (e in figure 7) of the elastic beam is preferably 3 mm-8 mm.
Wherein the width of the model fixing flap and the support rod fixing sleeve (a and b in figure 6) is preferably 10 mm-15 mm.
The support rod fixes the compression screw without a nut, and one end of the support rod is provided with a linear notch which is convenient to fix by using a screwdriver.
Wherein the diameter of the supporting rod fixing compression screw rod is preferably 1-3 mm.
Wherein the model fixing screw is a countersunk head screw, and the outer surface of the screw is basically consistent with the grinding of the outer surface of the aircraft.
The outer diameter of the support rod fixing sleeve is smaller than that of the model fixing valve, and the diameter difference between the support rod fixing sleeve and the model fixing valve is more than 2 mm.
The outer diameter of the model fixing valve is consistent with the inner diameter of the model supporting sleeve, and the inner diameter of the model supporting sleeve is slightly larger than about 0.04mm to 0.08 mm.
Wherein the cross section of the strut is drum-shaped, and the angle formed by the arc surface of the drum-shaped (alpha in figure 5) is preferably 90 degrees +/-20 degrees.
The shape of the inner hole of the support rod fixing sleeve is similar to that of the cross section of the support rod fixing sleeve, and the outer diameter of the inner hole is slightly larger than the cross section of the support rod by about 0.04-0.08 mm.
A thin-wall model dynamics test supporting method is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, finite element analysis is carried out on the thin-wall model double-beam hinge structure, and the length, the width and the thickness of an elastic beam in the structure are determined according to different supporting rigidity requirements;
secondly, processing a double-beam hinge structure meeting the requirements of different elastic beam sizes;
and thirdly, selecting a corresponding double-beam hinge structure to elastically support the test model according to the supporting rigidity required by the current test.
In the test process, the structure limits the translation of the test model, but can allow the model to rotate around the plane where the supporting rod fixing sleeve is located, and the aim of elastic hinged connection can be effectively fulfilled.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
The invention has not been described in detail in part of the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (13)
1. A thin wall model twin beams hinge structure which characterized in that includes: a support rod fixing sleeve, two elastic beams, a model fixing flap, a model supporting sleeve and a support rod;
the support rod fixing sleeve, the elastic beam and the model fixing valve are integrally processed, the two elastic beams are arranged in parallel on the same plane, and the support rod fixing sleeve and the model fixing valve are respectively connected to two ends of the elastic beams; the support rod fixing sleeve is fixed with the support rod, and the model fixing flap is fixed with the model supporting sleeve; the model support sleeve is fixed with the test model, and then elastic fixation of the test model relative to the supporting rod is achieved.
2. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 1, wherein: the supporting rod fixing sleeve, the elastic beam and the model fixing valve are manufactured by metal processing with the elastic modulus larger than 210 GPa.
3. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness c of the elastic beam ranges from 0.6mm to 1.5mm, the length d ranges from 20mm to 40mm, and the width e ranges from 3mm to 8 mm.
4. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 1, wherein: the value ranges of the width a of the model fixed valve and the width b of the support rod fixed sleeve are 10-15 mm.
5. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 1, wherein: the supporting rod and the supporting rod fixing sleeve are pressed and fixed through a supporting rod fixing and pressing screw rod, and the optimal value range of the diameter of the supporting rod fixing and pressing screw rod is 1-3 mm; the supporting rod fixing and pressing screw rod adopts a countersunk head screw or a screw rod without a nut, and the end part of the screw rod is provided with a cut which is convenient for screwing and fixing.
6. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 1, wherein: the support rod fixing sleeve is cylindrical with a central support rod mounting hole, and the cross section of the model fixing valve is of a fan-ring structure; the outer diameter of the supporting rod fixing sleeve is smaller than that of the model fixing valve, and the diameter difference between the supporting rod fixing sleeve and the model fixing valve is more than 2 mm.
7. The thin-walled model double beam hinge structure according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the outer diameter of the model fixing valve is 0.04 mm-0.08 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the model supporting sleeve.
8. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 6, wherein: the shape of the central supporting rod mounting hole is consistent with that of the cross section of the supporting rod, and the size of the central supporting rod mounting hole is 0.04 mm-0.08 mm larger than the outer contour of the supporting rod.
9. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 8, wherein: the whole supporting rod is a straight column, two opposite side surfaces of the straight column are rectangular, the other two opposite side surfaces of the straight column are cambered surfaces, and the central angle alpha formed by the cambered surfaces is 90 degrees +/-20 degrees.
10. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 1, wherein: the model support sleeve and the test model are fixed through a countersunk head screw, and the outer surface of the screw needs to be in smooth transition with the outer surface of the test model.
11. The thin-walled model double beam hinge structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8 to 10, wherein: the method is suitable for the wall thickness range of the thin-wall model of 1-2 mm.
12. The thin-walled mold double beam hinge structure of claim 7, wherein: the method is suitable for the wall thickness range of the thin-wall model of 1-2 mm.
13. A thin-wall model dynamics test supporting method is characterized by being achieved through the following mode:
a first step of carrying out finite element analysis on the structure of claim 1, and determining the length, width and thickness dimensions of an elastic beam in the structure according to different support rigidity requirements;
secondly, processing a double-beam hinge structure meeting the requirements of different elastic beam sizes;
and thirdly, selecting a corresponding double-beam hinge structure to elastically support the test model according to the supporting rigidity required by the current test.
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| CN201811313745.8A CN109540455B (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | Thin-wall model double-beam hinge structure and dynamic test supporting method |
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| CN111337211B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-01-04 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Double-body model four-point supporting and fixing device |
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| DE19549339C1 (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-10-24 | Europ Transonic Windtunnel | Model carrier for wind tunnel models |
| JPH10213519A (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-11 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Supporting tool equipped with angle adjusting function |
| CN101825515B (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-11-23 | 吉林大学 | Automobile wind tunnel model lifting and supporting universal device |
| CN102494866A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-06-13 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Framework-type support component for wind tunnel test model |
| CN103115744A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-05-22 | 中国航空工业空气动力研究院 | Mirror image supporting rod |
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