CN109537455A - The device and method of 3D printing building - Google Patents
The device and method of 3D printing building Download PDFInfo
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- CN109537455A CN109537455A CN201811344606.1A CN201811344606A CN109537455A CN 109537455 A CN109537455 A CN 109537455A CN 201811344606 A CN201811344606 A CN 201811344606A CN 109537455 A CN109537455 A CN 109537455A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of device and methods of 3D printing building.The device of the 3D printing building includes: 3D printer system and extrusion equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention；The 3D printer system includes: 3D printing control unit and at least one axis moving cell；The extrusion equipment includes: to squeeze out control unit and extrusion terminal；The direction of motion for squeezing out terminal and being fixedly installed on one of them axis moving cell, the 3D printing control unit is suitable for the axis moving cell according to 3D printing process control, and the feed speed of the axis moving cell is fed back to the extrusion control unit in real time；The control unit that squeezes out is suitable for adjusting the extruded velocity for squeezing out terminal in real time according to the feed speed of the axis moving cell.The process ruggedness that 3D printing integrally prints building can be improved in technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention, to meet the mechanical characteristic requirement for carrying out 3D printing and integrally printing building.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device and methods that 3D printing field more particularly to a kind of 3D printing are built.
Background technique
3D printing technique is born in late 1990s, is broadly divided into metal 3D printing, building 3D printing etc..
At present some manage it bridge or garden landscape bridge using upper, can be designed by the way of 3D printing
At engineering plastics material, shape, complicated landscape bridge are produced.
Amsterdam, the Netherlands are building First 3D printing house in the world.This house is entitled " canal room ", by
Dutch DUS Architects design, shares 13 rooms, used super-huge 3D printer is referred to as
" KamerMaker " (means " house builder ").When work, KamerMaker successively prints molten modeling layer, forms plastics after solidification
Block.After this, construction worker builds canal room as high toy of playing.
In the prior art, for biggish 3D printing component, all in such a way that above-mentioned this primary structural component is spliced
Production.But the higher building of mechanical characteristic this for bridge, it is spelled according to traditional small-sized 3D printing at primary structural component
The mode connect can allow the process ruggedness of bridge not reach requirement.
The present invention provides a kind of production control methods of heavy construction industry landscape bridge 3D printing, can effectively solve
State problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of embodiment of the present invention solves is the workload for reducing operator, and promotes adding for numerically-controlled machine tool
Work efficiency rate.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of devices of 3D printing building, comprising: 3D printing
Machine system and extrusion equipment；The 3D printer system includes: 3D printing control unit and at least one axis moving cell；It is described
Extrusion equipment includes: to squeeze out control unit and extrusion terminal；The extrusion terminal is fixedly installed on one of them described axis movement
The direction of motion of unit, the 3D printing control unit are suitable for the axis moving cell according to 3D printing process control, and in real time
The feed speed of the axis moving cell is fed back into the extrusion control unit；The extrusion control unit is suitable for according to
The feed speed of axis moving cell adjusts the extruded velocity for squeezing out terminal in real time.
Optionally, the axis moving cell includes: one of X-axis moving cell, Y-axis moving cell, Z axis moving cell
Or it is a variety of.
Optionally, the direction of motion for squeezing out terminal and being fixedly installed on the Z axis moving cell.
Optionally, the extrusion terminal is extruder, the main motor revolving speed S (r/min) of the extruder are as follows:
Wherein, Ka value is the ratio of die orifice discharging speed and screw speed, and the feed speed of X-axis is Vx, the feeding speed of Y-axis
Degree is Vy, the feed speed of Z axis is Vz。
Optionally, the axis moving cell includes: servo-driver, motor encoder and servo motor, and the servo is driven
Dynamic device passes through Ethercat bus and the 3D printing control unit communication connection；The motor encoder is suitable for Real-time Feedback institute
The location information of servo motor rotation is stated to the servo-driver；The 3D printing control unit is suitable in real time from the servo
The location information of the motor encoder feedback is collected in driver.
Optionally, the 3D printer system is Longmen machine tool or/and the extrusion equipment is double screw extruder.
It optionally, further include 3D printing code generating unit, the 3D printing code generating unit is built according to be printed
The drawing creation 3D printing program built.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods of 3D printing building, comprising:
3D printing program is generated according to the model of building；
3D printer control unit is moved according to the 3D printing driven by program axis moving cell, and the 3D printer
Control unit receives the feed speed of the feedback of each axis of axis moving cell；The 3D printer control unit is anti-according to each axis
The speed of feedback calculates the current extruded velocity for squeezing out terminal；The extrusion control unit receives the 3D printer control unit
The instruction of the extruded velocity sent.
Optionally, comprising: the axis moving cell includes: X-axis moving cell, Y-axis moving cell, in Z axis moving cell
It is one or more.
Optionally, comprising: the extrusion terminal is extruder, the main motor revolving speed S (r/min) of the extruder are as follows:
Wherein, Ka value is the ratio of die orifice discharging speed and screw speed, and the feed speed of X-axis is Vx, the feeding speed of Y-axis
Degree is Vy, the feed speed of Z axis is Vz。
Compared with prior art, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that
In embodiments of the present invention, by providing a kind of device of 3D printing building, wherein 3D printing control is single
First to carry out communication connection by signal wire between the extrusion control unit, the 3D printing control unit can be controlled in real time
Make the extruded velocity instruction that the extrusion control unit issues.
Further, in the device by the 3D printer, the 3D printing control unit is real-time by servo-driver
Feedback obtains the current feed speed of each movement axle unit, squeezes to realize according to the adjustment of the feed speed of current kinetic axis is described
The extruded velocity of machine out, so that extruded velocity also can be corresponding slack-off, when current feed speed when current feed speed is slack-off
When being zero, extruded velocity can also become zero accordingly, to solve when extruder head motion state is slowed down or is stopped, squeezing
The problem of speed is constant out, and caused printed material is accumulated.So that building is by the way of whole 3D printing,
It has been able to achieve dimensional accuracy and process ruggedness is all qualified, so that the printing effect of 3D printing building is promoted.
Detailed description of the invention
FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the device that 3D printing is built in embodiment provided by the present invention；
Fig. 3~Fig. 5 is a kind of machine of the device of 3D printing building in specific embodiment in embodiment provided by the present invention
Tool structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 6~Fig. 7 is the flow chart of 3D printing construction process in embodiment provided by the present invention；
Fig. 8 is in the prior art, the partial result figure of 3D printing to be carried out using constant extruded velocity；
The partial result figure that Fig. 9 is printed for the method built using 3D printing provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As stated in the background art, the processing method of 3D printing building in the prior art are as follows: then print component is spelled
It connects, is assembled into complete building.The building intensity that such processing method is formed is difficult to meet the requirement of some buildings, such as bridge
The higher building of this mechanical characteristic of beam.Inventor expects, uses the process ruggedness meeting of the building of whole printing production
It is higher.
But the 3D printing equipment workbench size of traditional print component is small, printing nozzle bore is small, what is used beats
Printing material is mostly to print silk, and printing effect is low.Production cannot be applicable in, and more than ten tons heavy of building carries out whole printing easily.
And in general traditional 3D printing, printing die orifice only all generally is adjusted in the equipment debugging stage and squeezes out speed
Degree is printed and is not controlled extruded velocity in production process, carries out 3D printing with constant extruded velocity.
In traditional small-sized 3D printing, the radius of the extruded material of printing head is smaller, general printable layer single layer layer
Height is about that 0.05mm~0.4mm is not in serious material stacking feelings in this printing list lesser situation high layer by layer
Condition.
If but and in order to improve the production efficiency, in printing, using being relatively large in diameter for extruder spray head, when extruder squeezes
The size of material is larger (1mm~10mm) out, when several millimeters are even more big, if the extruded velocity of extruder is constant
Words keep constant motion in extruder head on the direction that printing path is straight line, and for curve or need to adjust in printing path
When head, it can slow down or stop suddenly, and the extruded velocity of extruder head is constant, will lead to occur material pile at curve in this way
Long-pending situation.
In order to solve the whole control problem of large-scale 3D printer, a kind of solution is proposed in this programme, it both can be with
Large-scale building is printed, heavy construction is also can solve and integrally prints the problem of will appear printed material accumulation, to promote entirety
The process ruggedness for printing heavy construction product, to meet the mechanical characteristic requirement of Landscape Architecture.
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, following embodiment and implementation
Feature in example can be combined with each other.
It should be noted that illustrating the basic structure that only the invention is illustrated in a schematic way provided in following embodiment
Think, only shown in schema then with related component in the present invention rather than component count, shape and size when according to actual implementation
Draw, when actual implementation kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can arbitrarily change for one kind, and its assembly layout kenel
It is likely more complexity.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1,3D printing provided by the invention building device structural schematic diagram, wherein
Include:
3D printer system 100 and extrusion equipment 200；Wherein, the 3D printer system 100 includes: 3D printing control
Unit 110 and at least one axis moving cell 120；The extrusion equipment includes: to squeeze out control unit 210 and extrusion terminal 220.
In the present embodiment, the direction of motion for squeezing out terminal and being fixedly installed on one of them axis moving cell, institute
3D printing control unit 110 is stated suitable for the axis moving cell 120 according to 3D printing process control, and in real time moves the axis
The feed speed of unit 120 feeds back to the extrusion control unit 210；
The extrusion control unit 210 is suitable for adjusting described squeeze in real time according to the feed speed of the axis moving cell 120
The extruded velocity of terminal 220 out.
In the present embodiment, between the 3D printing control unit 110 and the extrusion control unit 210 by signal wire into
Row communication connection, the 3D printing control unit 110 carry out communication connection by Ethercat with the axis moving cell 120,
The extrusion control unit 210 carries out communication connection by Ethercat with the extrusion terminal 220.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the device of 3D printing building provided by the invention further include: 3D is beaten
Print Program transformation unit 300.The 3D printing Program transformation unit is suitable for architectural drawing to be printed being converted into 3D printing journey
Sequence.The 3D printing program includes the identifiable G code control program of CNC.
In the present embodiment, the 3D printing control unit 110 is suitable for running the 3D printing program, i.e., is made of G code
NC program, and by 3D printing program G code (G instruction) carry out real-time interpolation operation, resolve to motion control instruction, so
It is sent to the servo-driver of each axis afterwards.
In the present embodiment, the axis moving cell 120 includes: servo-driver, motor encoder and servo motor, described
Servo-driver passes through Ethercat bus and the 3D printing control unit communication connection, the motor encoder Real-time Feedback
The revolving speed of the servo motor is to the 3D printing control unit.
Specifically, the axis moving cell 120 includes X-axis moving cell, Y-axis moving cell and Z axis fortune in the present embodiment
Moving cell, each axis are driven by servo motor.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, the X-axis moving cell includes: X-axis servo-driver 131, X-axis motor 132, X-axis driving section
Part 133 and X-axis 134 pass through between the X-axis servo-driver 131, X-axis motor 132 and 3D printing control unit 110
Ethercat bus carries out communication connection, the X-axis servo-driver 131, X-axis motor 132, X-axis transmission parts 133 and X-axis
Between be mechanically connected, the X-axis servo-driver 131 receives the 3D printing control unit 110 operation and parses the 3D to beat
Instruction when program is printed, the X-axis motor 132 is driven to rotate, to pass through the rotation of X-axis motor 132, the X-axis is driven to pass
The X-axis 134 that dynamic component 133 links moves.
Similar therewith, in Fig. 2, the Y-axis moving cell includes: Y-axis servo-driver 141, y-axis motor 142, Y
Axle drive disk assembly 143 and Y-axis 144, the Z axis moving cell include: Z axis servo-driver 151, Z axis motor 152, Z-axis transmission
Component 153 and Z axis 154.In Fig. 2, the Y-axis moving cell or/and mechanical connection and communication connection side in Z axis moving cell
Formula is similar with X-axis moving cell.
Servo motor (X-axis motor 132, y-axis motor 142 or Z axis electricity in the present embodiment, in each axis moving cell
Machine 152) in be additionally provided with motor encoder (not shown)；The motor encoder is suitable for the servo electricity of each axis of Real-time Feedback
The location information of machine (X-axis motor 132, y-axis motor 142 or Z axis motor 152) rotation is to the servo-driver；The 3D is beaten
Print control unit 110 is suitable for receiving in real time the location information of the motor encoder feedback of each axis.
The location information that the 3D printing control unit 110 is suitable for feeding back by the motor encoder of each axis calculates in real time
The current feed speed V of each axisx、VyOr Vz。
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the extrusion terminal 220 includes: extruder servo controller 230, extruder
Main motor 240 and extruder head 250.
In the present embodiment, the extruder servo controller 230 passes through Ethercat with the extrusion control unit 210
Bus carries out communication connection.
The 3D printing control unit 110 is further adapted for the feed speed V current according to each axisx、VyOr VzCalculate extrusion eventually
The main motor revolving speed S (r/min) at end is then sent to the extrusion control unit 210.Wherein, described to squeeze out terminal
Main motor revolving speed S (r/min) are as follows:
In above formula, Ka value is the ratio of die orifice discharging speed and screw speed, and the speed of X-axis is Vx, the feeding of Y-axis
Speed is Vy, the feed speed of Z axis is Vz。
The control unit 210 that squeezes out is suitable for receiving the extruder main motor turn that the 3D printing control unit 110 is sent
The value of fast S, the extruder servo controller 230 receive the extruded velocity instruction that the extrusion control unit 210 issues, driving
The extruder main motor 240 is rotated according to the main motor revolving speed S (r/min), so that the extrusion of extruder head 250 be driven to beat
Print material.
In an embodiment of the present invention, using real-time Ethercat bus communication, according to 3D printer feedback it is real-time into
To speed, the extruded velocity of the extruder is debugged, can be avoided in big size 3D printing, lead to the problem of material stacking,
To effectively promote the dimensional accuracy of 3D printing building element, and promote the process ruggedness of printing building element.
In the present embodiment, described gantry 3D print system is three axis Longmen machine tools, and the X-direction uses gantry truss-like
Structure, X-axis are gantry axis.Overhead viaduct type crossbeam is installed in the X-axis guide rail, can by X-axis motor drag in X-axis guide rail before
After move.Y-axis transverse shifting ram is installed in lathe Y-axis guide rail, can be dragged by y-axis motor, drives Y-axis ram in Y-axis
It is moved left and right on guide rail.Z axis ram is mounted on Y-axis movement ram, Z axis vertical ram can be driven in machine by Z axis motor driven
It is moved up and down in bed Z axis guide rail.
In the present embodiment, the extrusion equipment is double screw extruder.The double screw extruder include: extruder head,
Twin-screw feed system, CTS-26 twin-screw host, force pumped vacuum systems, CTS-26 extruder control cabinet, high temperature oil temperature machine,
Pressure stabilizing Melt Pump, suction feeder, cooling circulation water tank and cooling-water machine.
The control unit that squeezes out is the control system unit in CTS-26 extruder control cabinet, and the extrusion terminal includes
The extruder head.
In the present embodiment, the double screw extruder is mounted on the overhead viaduct type crossbeam, in print procedure,
Overhead viaduct type crossbeam associated movement can be followed, solves extruder fixed placement, the limited problem of extruder nozzle stroke range；
Double screw extruder discharge system is picked out from crossbeam with metal hose, is linked into Z axis ram by drag chain.
In the present embodiment, 3D printer control system is further adapted for the host overcurrent of monitoring extrusion control unit, over-voltage, owes
The fault alarms such as pressure, phase shortage, overheat, stall, using the interaction of M function code mode in 3D printing control unit, in NC program
The middle corresponding M function code of programming, is handled by system decoding, and main motor control, the feeding electricity of extruder system are realized by PLC
Machine control, heating mantle control etc..
Fig. 3 is a kind of specific embodiment of the device of the 3D printing building provided by the present embodiment, in this tool
In body embodiment, the object of the 3D printing is landscape bridge to be processed.The device of the 3D printing building includes: gantry plane
Bed motion platform 1 and extrusion mechanism 2.The Longmen machine tool motion platform 1 include: a lathe bed 18 being made of concreting with
And it is set to the Longmen machine tool on the lathe bed 18.
Longmen machine tool in the present embodiment is three axis Longmen machine tools of packaged type crossbeam Viaduct Structure.The 3D printing
Control unit is the CNC system of the Longmen machine tool, and the axis moving cell is the kinematic axis of the Longmen machine tool, including X-axis,
Y-axis and Z axis, each axis are driven by servo motor.According to cartesian coordinate system, the X-axis of the Longmen machine tool is to be arranged in parallel
A pair of of gantry axis 11, Y-axis be overhead viaduct type beam structure 12, Z axis be vertical ram 13.The gantry axis 11, overhead viaduct type
Beam structure 12 and vertical ram 13 are made of plating welding steel.The extrusion mechanism 2 is set to the overhead viaduct type crossbeam knot
On structure 12.
X-axis guide rail 14 is installed on every gantry axis 11.The X-axis guide rail 14 is unilateral double guide rails, by unilateral bi-motor
It drives (driving motor is not shown).In the present embodiment, according to the span of landscape bridge to be processed, to configure the X-axis guide rail 14
Length range (that is: lathe is in X-direction stroke).If length range setting is too small, the working range of lathe can show office
Promote；If length range setting is excessive, hardware cost will be increased because of the expansion of lathe size.Preferably, the X-axis guide rail
14 length range is the 115%-120% of Workpiece length to be printed.
The both ends of the overhead viaduct type beam structure 12 are respectively across the X-axis guide rail for being mounted on this pair of of gantry axis 11
On 14, it can be dragged by X-axis motor (driving motor is not shown) and be moved freely in X-axis guide rail 14.In the overhead viaduct type crossbeam
12 are equipped with a pair of of Y-axis guide rail 15 in structure.The Y-axis guide rail 15 is by Dual-motors Driving (driving motor is not shown).This implementation
In example, according to the bridge deck width of landscape bridge to be processed, come the length range that configures the Y-axis guide rail 15, (that is: lathe is in Y-axis
Directional run).If length range setting is too small, the working range of lathe can show narrow；If length range setting is excessive,
Then it will increase hardware cost because of the expansion of lathe size；On the other hand distance is longer, is more difficult to guarantee extruded material over long distances
Transmission process in quality it is unaffected.Preferably, the length range of the Y-axis guide rail 15 is the width of the workpiece to be printed
120%-150%.Y-axis ram 17 is installed in the Y-axis guide rail 15, can be moved freely along the x axis.
Z axis guide rail (not shown) is installed on the Y-axis ram 17.In the present embodiment, according to landscape bridge to be processed
Blinding layer bottom mat formation apical side height to bridge, come the length range that configures the Z axis guide rail, (that is: lathe is in Z-direction row
Journey).If length range setting is too small, the working range of lathe can show narrow；If excessive, distance is arranged in the length range
It is longer, it is unaffected to be more difficult to guarantee extruded material quality in the transmission process of long range.Preferably, the length of the Z axis guide rail
Spend the 130%-150% that range is the width of the workpiece to be printed.The vertical ram 13 is installed in the Z axis guide rail, can be along Z
Axis direction moves freely.
It should be noted that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that for meet large scale Landscape Architecture object printing needs,
Three kinematic axis are minimalist configuration requirement.In other embodiments, more fortune can be configured further according to the needs of processing
Moving axis.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged view of extrusion mechanism 2 in embodiment as shown in Figure 3.Fig. 5 is squeezed in embodiment as shown in Figure 3
The partial enlarged view of machine 21 out.In conjunction with Fig. 4 and as shown in figure 5, the extruder mechanism in the present embodiment includes: extruder 21 and squeezes
Lift one's head 22.
Since the three axis Longmen machine tool X-axis stroke length for being suitable for printing landscape bridge are very long, up to more than ten 20 meters, very
It is extremely longer.And the conveying length of tube of extruder 21 is longer, the rotten degree of printed material is higher.If in the usual way, will squeeze out
Machine is mounted on bed piece medium position, then the length of conveying pipeline at least needs tens meters, and the printed material of output can occur very
Big degree goes bad and is not available.So the extruder 21 is mounted on the overhead of the Longmen machine tool in the present embodiment
On bridge-type beam structure 12, the extruder 21 can follow Longmen machine tool to move together.Extruder conveying can both be shortened in this way
The length of pipe, while the quality that printed material can be effectively ensured is unaffected.
The extruder head 22 is installed on the end of the Z axis vertical ram 13 of the Longmen machine tool.The Z axis vertical ram 13
End be reserved with mounting hole (not shown), the extruder head 22 is bolted, is fixed on the mounting hole.
In embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the present invention provides a kind of methods of 3D printing building, in this implementation
It can use the device of the building of 3D printing provided in embodiment as described above in example.
3D printing provided by the present embodiment building method include:
Step S10: 3D printing program is generated according to the model of building；
Step S20:3D printer control unit is moved according to the 3D printing driven by program axis moving cell, and described
3D printer control unit receives the data of encoder feedback in the axis moving cell, obtains the feedback speed of each axis；
Step S30: the 3D printer control unit calculates squeezing for current extrusion terminal according to the speed that each axis is fed back
Speed out；
Step S40: the extrusion control unit receives the extruded velocity that the 3D printer control unit is sent
Instruction.
Specifically, referring to the flow chart of Fig. 7, in the specific embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention
The method of the 3D printing building of offer can specifically include following steps:
It executes step S101:3D print routine converting unit and 3D printing journey is generated according to building threedimensional model drawing to be printed
Sequence；
In the present embodiment, the 3D printing code generating unit be 3D printing software, such as CraftWare,
EasyPrint 3D, cura, Simplify3D, SelfCAD etc..The 3D printing program includes the identifiable G code control of CNC
Program.Execute step S102: the 3D printing control unit receives the 3D printing program, and runs the 3D printing program,
Generate motion control instruction, the servo-driver being sent in axis moving cell；
In the present embodiment, the 3D printing control unit is the CNC digital control system of Longmen machine tool, receives 3D printing journey
Sequence, the NC program of operation G code composition, and the G code (G instruction) in NC program is subjected to real-time interpolation operation, it resolves to each
The Feed Motion Control of axis instructs, and is then sent to the servo-driver of each axis, to control each axis moving cell movement.
Execute step S103: the servo driver drives X, Y, Z axis servo motor movement, and extruder is driven to transport
It is dynamic；
In the present embodiment, after previous step, the servo-driver of each axis drives servo according to motion control instruction
Motor operating, servo motor drive transmission parts again, to drive each axis to carry out feed motion according to instruction.
In the present embodiment, the extruder include: extruder head, it is twin-screw feed system, CTS-26 twin-screw host, strong
Pumped vacuum systems processed, CTS-26 extruder control cabinet, high temperature oil temperature machine, pressure stabilizing Melt Pump, suction feeder, cooling circulation water tank
And cooling-water machine.The extruder head is to squeeze out terminal, is arranged in parallel with the Z axis of Longmen machine tool, when the Z axis of the Longmen machine tool is mobile
When, drive the extruder head to move together.The extrudable 3D printing material of extruder head.
Execute step S104: each each axis feed speed information of axis servo-driver Real-time Feedback to the 3D printing controls single
Member；
In the present embodiment, in the servo motor, it is additionally provided with photoelectric encoder, the photoelectric encoder feeds back each axis
Servo motor rotation location information to the servo-driver, the servo-driver transmits the location information
To in the Longmen machine tool CNC system (the i.e. described 3D printing control unit).
It executes step S105:3D print control unit and the current feed speed V of each axis is calculated according to each axis feed speedx、Vy
Or Vz；
The position that the Longmen machine tool CNC system (the i.e. described 3D printing control unit) is transmitted according to the photoelectric encoder
The feed speed of kinematic axis where information calculates photoelectric encoder.
It executes step S106:3D print control unit and extruder main motor revolving speed S is calculated according to each axis feed speed；
In the present embodiment, the 3D printing control unit calculates the rotation of the main motor of extruder according to following formula
Speed.The main motor revolving speed S (r/min) of the extruder are as follows:
Wherein, Ka value is the ratio of die orifice discharging speed and screw speed, and the feed speed of X-axis is Vx, the feeding speed of Y-axis
Degree is Vy, the feed speed of Z axis is Vz。
By calculating above, the main motor velocity of rotation value S of extruder is obtained.
Step S107:3D print control unit is executed by obtained extruder main motor velocity of rotation value S transport to described
Squeeze out control unit.
Execute step S108: the extrusion control unit exports extruder screw revolving speed according to the extruder discharging speed
Control instruction；
Execute step S109: extruder works according to control instruction, extruder head discharging.
The control unit 210 that squeezes out is suitable for receiving squeezing for Longmen machine tool CNC (the 3D printing control unit 110) transmission
Owner's motor speed value S out, the extruder servo controller 230 receive the extrusion speed that the extrusion control unit 210 issues
Degree instruction, drives the extruder main motor 240 to rotate according to the main motor revolving speed S (r/min), to drive the extrusion
First 250 squeeze out printed material.
In the present embodiment, the control unit that squeezes out is in the CTS-26 extruder control cabinet in above-mentioned double screw extruder
The extrusion machine control system installed.The CNC control system of the CTS-26 extruder control cabinet and the Longmen machine tool passes through
Digital I/O signal line is communicated, the extrusion owner's electricity for squeezing out machine control system and receiving the Longmen machine tool CNC transmission
After machine velocity of rotation value S, extruder screw revolving speed control instruction is sent by Ethercat bus and gives twin-screw extrusion owner's electricity
The servo-driver of machine drives the main motor of the extruder to move.
In the method for the building of 3D printing provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the 3D printing control unit passes through servo
Driver Real-time Feedback obtains the current feed speed of each movement axle unit, to realize the feed speed according to current kinetic axis
The extruded velocity of the extruder is adjusted, so that when current feed speed is slack-off, extruded velocity also can be corresponding slack-off, when working as
When preceding feed speed is zero, extruded velocity can also become zero accordingly, thus solve extruder head motion state slow down or
The problem of when stopping, extruded velocity is constant, and caused printed material is accumulated.
With reference to shown in Fig. 8~Fig. 9, it can compare and recognize in the prior art and 3D printing provided by the present invention building,
The material for squeezing out same diameter (4mm ± 0.1mm) carries out the Contrast on effect of 3D printing.Wherein, Fig. 8 is in the prior art, to use
Constant extruded velocity carries out the partial result figure of 3D printing, and Fig. 9 is the method using 3D printing provided by the present invention building
The partial result figure printed.It can be seen that the edge switch area of print component shown in Fig. 8, printed material it is straight
Diameter is more much bigger than the printed material of straight line portion, shows apparent material stacking phenomenon, and printing structure shown in Fig. 9
The diameter of the edge switch area of part, the printed material of the diameter and straight line portion of printed material is close, does not show apparent
Material stacking phenomenon.
Exactly because the extruder head that the method for 3D printing building provided by the present invention solves thicker diameter carries out 3D and beats
When print, generated material stacking phenomenon, so that the fabric structure uniformity of printing is good, dimensional accuracy is high, and intensity is larger,
To realize building using entirety 3D printing by the way of, also can dimensional accuracy and process ruggedness it is all qualified.To
Improve the efficiency of 3D printing heavy construction.
In addition, in the present embodiment, can also when printing path is straight line raising print speed appropriate.Because
When printing path is curve, the case where will appear frequently commutation, acceleration and deceleration in print procedure, feed speed is opposite can be low,
Raising print speed appropriate can promote whole printing effect in the straight direction.
In embodiment provided by the invention, extruder extruded velocity can be improved according to feeding axle speed in real time, thus
Whole 3D printing efficiency is promoted, the maximum extrusion efficiency of PC material is promoted to 8kg/h, is suitble to the printing of larger industrial components.
It is understandable to enable above-mentioned purpose of the invention, feature and beneficial effect to become apparent, with reference to the accompanying drawing to this
The specific embodiment of invention is described in detail.
Although present disclosure is as above, present invention is not limited to this.Anyone skilled in the art are not departing from this
It in the spirit and scope of invention, can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be with claim institute
Subject to the range of restriction.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device of 3D printing building characterized by comprising
3D printer system and extrusion equipment；The 3D printer system includes: 3D printing control unit and at least one axis fortune
Moving cell；The extrusion equipment includes: to squeeze out control unit and extrusion terminal；
The direction of motion for squeezing out terminal and being fixedly installed on one of them axis moving cell, the 3D printing control unit
The feed speed of the axis moving cell is fed back into institute suitable for the axis moving cell according to 3D printing process control, and in real time
State extrusion control unit；
The control unit that squeezes out is suitable for adjusting squeezing for the extrusion terminal in real time according to the feed speed of the axis moving cell
Speed out.
2. the device of 3D printing building according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the axis moving cell includes: X-axis fortune
One of moving cell, Y-axis moving cell, Z axis moving cell are a variety of.
3. the device of 3D printing building according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the extrusion terminal is fixedly installed on institute
State the direction of motion of Z axis moving cell.
4. the device of 3D printing building according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the extrusion terminal is extruder,
The main motor revolving speed S (r/min) of the extruder are as follows:
Wherein, Ka value is the ratio of die orifice discharging speed and screw speed, and the feed speed of X-axis is Vx, the feed speed of Y-axis is
Vy, the feed speed of Z axis is Vz。
5. the device of 3D printing according to claim 1 building, which is characterized in that the axis moving cell includes:
Servo-driver, motor encoder and servo motor；
The servo-driver passes through Ethercat bus and the 3D printing control unit communication connection；The motor encoder
Location information suitable for the rotation of servo motor described in Real-time Feedback is to the servo-driver；
The 3D printing control unit is suitable for collecting the position of the motor encoder feedback from the servo-driver in real time
Information.
6. the device of 3D printing building according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 3D printer system is gantry plane
Bed or/and the extrusion equipment are double screw extruder.
7. the device of 3D printing building according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include 3D printing code building list
Member, the 3D printing code generating unit is according to the drawing creation 3D printing program of building to be printed.
8. a kind of method of 3D printing building characterized by comprising
3D printing program is generated according to the model of building；
3D printer control unit is moved according to the 3D printing driven by program axis moving cell, and the 3D printer controls
Unit receives the feed speed of each axis feedback in the axis moving cell；
The 3D printer control unit calculates the current extruded velocity for squeezing out terminal according to the speed that each axis is fed back；
The instruction for squeezing out control unit and receiving the extruded velocity that the 3D printer control unit is sent.
9. the method for 3D printing building as claimed in claim 8 characterized by comprising the axis moving cell includes: X
One of axis moving cell, Y-axis moving cell, Z axis moving cell are a variety of.
10. the method for 3D printing building as claimed in claim 9 characterized by comprising the extrusion terminal is to squeeze out
Machine, the main motor revolving speed S (r/min) of the extruder are as follows:
Wherein, Ka value is the ratio of die orifice discharging speed and screw speed, and the feed speed of X-axis is Vx, the feed speed of Y-axis is
Vy, the feed speed of Z axis is Vz。
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Application publication date: 20190329 |