CN109536448A - A kind of gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle - Google Patents
A kind of gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle Download PDFInfo
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of gadoliniums of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid to mix ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle, is used for for inducing stem cell directional to break up and for real time MRI radiography；It is MRI contrast agent and nano-carrier that the gadolinium, which mixes ferroso-ferric oxide, and the vitamin A acid of load is active constituent, has the function of that stem cell is promoted to be divided into neuronal cell；The gadolinium, which mixes ferriferrous oxide nano-particle structural formula, can be expressed as Gd:Fe3O4, the structural formula that the gadolinium of the Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferriferrous oxide nano-particle can be expressed as Gd:Fe3O4@RA, in which: for the meaning of load, RA represents vitamin A acid.Gd:Fe proposed by the present invention3O4Application of the@RA nanoparticle in the neuron differentiation of stem cell, and propose reparation for central nervous system injury and MRI without invading real-time radiography.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomaterial for medical purpose and tissue engineering technique field is related to, it is medical to relate more specifically to a kind of nanometer
It is the material and method that nerve cell is used for the reparation of people's central nervous system injury that biomaterial, which induces human stem cell directed differentiation,.
Background technique
Central nervous system refers to the major part of nervous system, including being located at the spinal cord of intraspinal tube and in cranial cavity
Brain.The disease that central nervous system injury is caused drastically influences the health of the mankind, and patient is numerous, mainly includes spinal cord injury,
Traumatic brain injury, headstroke and Parkinson's disease.The incidence of interim spinal cord injury is one thousandth, and China has about 130 at present
Ten thousand spinal cord injury persons, and increased with annual 5 to 70,000 speed, patient populations show an increasing trend year by year.Spinal cord injury is generally acknowledged
Severe deformity of limbs group in a most painful group, 90% spinal cord injury person is derived from wound, and high incidence age is
20 to 30 years old, mostly because traffic accident, fall, act of violence (containing suicide) and spinal cord disease due to are fallen ill.Spinal cord injury is a kind of tight
The central lesion of weight causes double lower limb or quadriplegia, with tens of kinds of complication.It is always worldwide difficulty that it, which is treated,
Topic, there is no effective therapeutic modality at present.Traumatic brain injury is equally a kind of traumatic disease, annual newly-increased about 1,500,000
Traumatic brain injury, because cerebral injury has a variety of different specific types, lesion and basic damage range, and different
Pathology, different condition secondary damage mechanism, therefore up to the present, traumatic brain injury is not yet targetedly effectively
Treatment means.Headstroke can be divided into hemorrhagic cerebral apoplexy, ischemia apoplexy and local thrombus etc., be second lethal in the world
The cause of disease, 6% death are due to caused by headstroke.Interim 80% headstroke is ischemia apoplexy, is up to the present lacked
For hemorrhagic headstroke still without effective therapeutic scheme, current therapeutic scheme is only limitted to thrombolysis and neuroprotection,
But research shows that these schemes can just have some effects just for few patient.Parkinson is a kind of nervus retrogression disease
Disease is over-65s the elderly's common disease.Usual disturbances in patients with Parkinson disease moving equilibrium and thinking cognitive ability are by serious shadow
It rings, current treatment method is that the oral L-DOPA that can be converted into dopamine in vivo is treated,
And there are the side effects of dyskinesia.Since nervous centralis is difficult to regenerate, up to the present central nervous system injury is not found yet
Reasonable solution, therefore central nerve regeneration causes the extensive concern of world scholars, for many years by researcher
Great attention.
Stem cell refers to that the cell for having multi-lineage potential and self-renewal capacity, this cell are present in adult
In many tissues and embryo.In recent years, a variety of stem cell such as neural stem cell of research confirmation, dry small cell of medulla mesenchyma etc.,
With the potential to Neural differentiation, and have the characteristics that source is sufficient, it is convenient to obtain, autotransplantation can be carried out, this has
Effect is avoided using the advantages such as immunological rejection brought by stem cell and ethics dispute.Stem cell medicine is emerging at present
It rises, provides new solution for treatment central nervous system injury, it has also become a research hotspot.But stem cell transplantation faces several
Hang-up: (1) stem cell transplantation survival rate is low, and the effective differentiation rate of (2) stem cell is low, and the neural stem cell of survival is divided less than 13%
Be melted into neuron, (3) later stage evaluation mode have it is invasive, tradition greatly mostly uses put to death animal after carry out histotomy tested
Whether there is improvement to nervous function or behavior after card stem cell transplantation, is unfavorable for the migration to stem cell after transplanting in vivo
Dynamic tracer.These problems seriously hinder stem-cell therapy in scientific research and clinical promotion and application.
In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, application field is also increasingly wider, including biomaterial for medical purpose with
Tissue engineering technique field.The building of the multi-functional nanometer material of high biocompatibility can effectively improve stem cell transplantation at
Motility rate；Its drug loaded and biomolecule can be improved stem cell directional and be divided into neuronal cell；Its inorganic elements constructed
Magnetic targeted transmitting can be effectively provided and provided without invasive real-time dynamic arthrography.Currently, there is not yet joining through multi-functional gadolinium
Miscellaneous ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle induction human stem cell directed differentiation is used for central nervous system injury reparation and real time MRI radiography
Method report.
Summary of the invention
The gadolinium that the present invention devises a kind of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle, solves
The technical issues of be in the prior art there is not yet through multi-functional gadolinium mix ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle induction human stem cell
Directed differentiation is for central nervous system injury reparation and the method for real time MRI radiography.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following scheme:
It is a kind of for induce stem cell directional break up and multi-functional gadolinium for real time MRI radiography to mix ferroso-ferric oxide multiple
Close nanoparticle, wherein gadolinium mix ferroso-ferric oxide be MRI contrast agent and nano-carrier, load vitamin A acid be activity at
Point, have the function of that stem cell is promoted to be divided into neuronal cell.
In the present invention, the gadolinium, which mixes ferriferrous oxide nano-particle structural formula, can be expressed as Gd:Fe3O4, described is more
The structural formula that the gadolinium of function load vitamin A acid mixes ferriferrous oxide nano-particle can be expressed as Gd:Fe3O4@RA, wherein :@is negative
The meaning of load, RA represent vitamin A acid.
In the present invention, the Gd:Fe3O4And Gd:Fe3O4@RA is prepared by following methods, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 is prepared for the mono- source presoma of Fe/Gd, is then added in the reaction mixture of oleyl amine, oleic acid and benzyl oxide,
Gradually heating heating, after be cooled to room temperature, obtain black/brown in color substance, separation, ethanol washing separate again, be dried to obtain Gd:
Fe3O4
Step 2, with living polymer to Gd:Fe3O4It is modified to carry out surface, becomes aqueous solution, and is living in function of surface
Property group carboxyl, enable and the cyclodextrin for loading vitamin A acid be connected in by Gd:Fe by ester bond3O4Surface, it may be assumed that pass through nano-material surface
O-hydroxy-PEG- c-terminus compound reacted with the hydroxyl on the cyclodextrin surface for being loaded with vitamin A acid, connected by ester bond
It connects, to be prepared into Gd:Fe3O4@RA。
The mono- source presoma of Fe/Gd is prepared by the source Fe and the source Gd in step 1, and wherein molar ratio is 5:3.
Gradually heating in step 1 includes two processes, and respectively 100-200 DEG C is heated 30 minutes, 200-350 DEG C of heating
30 minutes.
The heating process that heats up in step 1 needs to carry out under inert gas protection
The Gd:Fe of preparation in step 13O4Diameter be 7-10nm, lesser diameter is beneficial to it into cell and reduction
Cytotoxicity.
Living polymer is o-hydroxy-PEG- c-terminus compound, average molecular weight 4000-8000 in step 2.
It in step 2 after surface modified active polymer, needs under stirring condition, dialyses 24 hours and removed not in distilled water
The polymer of connection.
In step 2, under conditions of acidity and about 80 DEG C of heating, the cyclodextrin for being loaded with vitamin A acid is passed through into ester bond for its hydroxyl
Base is reacted with the active group carboxyl of nanoparticle surface, to prepare Gd:Fe3O4@RA。
In step 2, the Gd:Fe of preparation3O4@RA needs to be purified by Sephacryl, for use.
In step 2, the Gd:Fe of preparation3O4@RA, which is dissolved in aqueous solution, obtains aqueous solution or freeze-drying preservation.
Mechanism of the invention are as follows: Gd:Fe of the invention3O4The directed differentiation that@RA nanoparticle is applied to stem cell is nerve
Archaeocyte is used for the reparation of central nervous system injury, while being used for after the investigation stem cell transplantation of real-time MRI radiography to nervous function
Or the effect of behavior, and the dynamic tracer of migration in vivo.Toxicity detection proves Gd:Fe of the invention3O4And Gd:
Fe3O4@RA is to neural stem cell and mescenchymal stem cell etc. almost without toxicity.Immunofluorescence dyeing demonstrates Gd:Fe3O4@RA
With promote through the directed differentiations such as stem cell and mescenchymal stem cell be neuronal cell.Meanwhile by Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Focal zone injection of labelled has Gd:Fe3O4The neural stem cell of@RA can be effectively used for the reparation for spinal cord injury, and can be to disease
Stove area carries out real-time MRI and weights radiography, while can also clearly observe the aggregation of the stem cell of injection in vivo, differentiation in real time
And transition state.
The gadolinium of the Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle and has the advantages that
(1) present invention prepares Gd:Fe using simple mode3O4@RA nanoparticle, this method simple process, reaction condition temperature
With, easily operated separation is environmental-friendly, and it is cheap, it is repeated strong, there is the prospect of industrialized implementation
(2) Gd:Fe proposed by the present invention3O4Application of the@RA nanoparticle in the neuron differentiation of stem cell, and propose
Reparation and MRI for central nervous system injury is without invading real-time radiography.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Gd:Fe in the present invention3O4The transmission electron microscope picture A of@RA nanoparticle.
Fig. 2 is Gd:Fe in the present invention3O4The transmission electron microscope picture B of@RA nanoparticle.
Fig. 3 is that Gd:Fe is transplanted in the present invention3O4The 7th day after the stem cell of@RA label, the MRI imaging of rat spine,
Middle white bright spot is Gd:Fe3O4The stem cell recruitment region of@RA label, black region are the area schematic of spinal cord injury.
Fig. 4 is that Gd:Fe is transplanted in the present invention3O4Spinal cord injury after the stem cell of@RA label, unlabelled stem cell and PBS
The BBB motion scores schematic diagram of rat.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1: gadolinium mixes the preparation of ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle:
Firstly, 1.88g PhCOONa solution is added in 100ml distilled water, then it is added and contains 0.5g FeCl2.4H2O
And 0.46gGdCl3.2H2In the aqueous solution of O, 25 milliliters of acetonitriles are added in the solution；Reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature
At least 12 hours, obtain light brown deposit object；The light brown deposit object is the mono- source presoma of Fe/Gd, is washed after filtering with ether
It washs, vacuum pump is dry, obtains the dry presoma of Fe/Gd.
Next the reaction mixture containing oleyl amine, oleic acid and benzyl oxide is added in the dry presoma of the Fe/Gd of 0.2g preparation
In, ratio is that volume ratio is 4.5ml: 3ml: 2.5ml, is then heated to 110 DEG C of holdings 30 minutes under nitrogen flowing, then temperature
350 DEG C are heated slowly to keep obtaining black/brown in color substance in 30 minutes；It is separated after being cooled to room temperature, at least second of 10ml is added
Alcohol, by washing and separating again, the Gd:Fe of obtained black/brown in color3O4Nanoparticle is finally being dried in vacuo, and will be obtained straight
The Gd:Fe that diameter is 7-10 nanometers3O4Nanoparticle, the nanoparticle can be stabilized at room temperature, be easy to save.Pass through transmission
Electron microscope observation, as a result as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2: the gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes the preparation of ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle:
By 0.02 gram of Gd:Fe3O4Nanoparticle is added to containing 0.1g living polymer o-hydroxy-PEG- c-terminus
Close 10 milliliters of CHCl of object (average molecular weight 4000)3In；Then mixture is stirred 12 hours in the dark at room temperature；
20ml n-hexane is added, centrifugation obtains surface-functionalized Gd doped ferroferric oxide nanoparticle Gd:Fe3O4@DIB-
PEG-COOH (o-hydroxy-PEG- c-terminus compound), through 10ml CHCl3After n-hexane (1:5v/v) washing, it is scattered in
In 5ml distilled water, is dialysed 24 hours with distilled water, remove unreacted organic molecule, and be stored in dark.
Secondly, the carboxyl of the cyclodextrin for being loaded with vitamin A acid and nanoparticle surface is carried out using the preparation of acid catalyzed ester bond
It is connected, to complete preparation Gd:Fe3O4@RA: by the HCl solution (concentration are as follows: 1mol/L) and 1mlGd:Fe of 1ml3O4@DIB-
PEG-COOH (o-hydroxy-PEG- c-terminus compound) solution is mixed 30 minutes, and 0.05g vitamin A acid-β-is then added
Cyclodextrin inclusion compound (molecular proportion vitamin A acid: beta-cyclodextrin=6:1), after mixing evenly, mixture are kept in the dark and 80
DEG C, and with the stirring of 15-30rpm/min speed on rotational shaker, and react at least 12 hours.Finally, poly- by propylene Portugal
Sugared gel chromatographic columns are separated, so that the gadolinium for obtaining load vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle Gd:Fe3O4@
RA, freeze-drying save.Pass through transmission electron microscope observation, the Gd:Fe of preparation3O4@RA size is about 15-30nm, as a result such as Fig. 2
It is shown.
Embodiment 3: the gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle induced nerve stem cells
Directed differentiation is neuronal cell:
It is put into the coverslip handled in advance with poly-D-lysine in 24 well culture plates, rat embryo cerebral hippocampal will be derived from
It is primary and passage neural stem cell with 1 × 107L-1It is inoculated into culture hole, is removed in neural stem cell complete culture solution respectively
Basic fibroblast growth factor, and 1.0ml is added, the Gd:Fe of 1mg/ml3O4The tire ox blood that@RA and volume fraction are 5%
Promote clearly it is neural stem cell differentiating, culture 6 days after, continue containing volume fraction be 5% fetal calf serum neural stem cell train
It supports in base and cultivates 6d, take out coverslip after cellular morphology is reached maturity.Conventional adherent differentiation culture and induction differentiation will be loaded with
The coverslip of the cell of culture is respectively divided into 2 groups, respectively the immunohistochemistry of the 'beta '-tubulin (TUJ1) of neuronal marker substance markers.
5 pieces are randomly selected as sample, each sample system takes 5 visuals field at random, is the positive with fluorescent marker, according to following public affairs
The neural stem cell differentiating percentage for neuronal cell at formula calculating:
Neuronal cell percentage=(fluorescent marker positive cell number/total number of cells) × 100%；
The results show that compared with the neural stem cell of conventional adherent differentiation culture, Gd:Fe3O4After@RA induction differentiation culture,
Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells rate is significantly raised, and differentiation rate is increased to 38.06 ± 2.78 from 19.73 ± 1.32.
Embodiment 4: the gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle induced nerve stem cells
Directed differentiation is reparation and MRI radiography of the neuronal cell for neurologic defict:
Make Model of Rat Spinal Cord Injury, 10% chloraldurate intraperitoneal anesthesia of rat.Mouse is fixed in rat prone position
On plate, in the segment T9-T10 row laminectomy, it is derived from beating device processed (weighing 109, diameter 2.5mm), is freely fallen from 25mm eminence
Body vertically hits the segment T9 spinal cord (endorchis should not be torn after strike), successively sutures muscle and skin.Give rat within postoperative 3 days
Gentamicin (8mg/kg/ days) are injected intraperitoneally to prevent urethral infection.The postoperative urination of artificial assistance twice daily is until rat
Restore automatic micturition function.
The 7th day after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats modeling, 10% chloraldurate intraperitoneal anesthesia, fixation and injury region are carried out again to rat
Exposure.1 × 10 will be contained6A Gd:Fe3O4The neural stem cell of@RA label, unlabelled neural stem cell suspension 10 μ l or PBS
(" PBS " be phosphate balance physiological saline, pH=7.4), with micro syringe (inserting needle direction towards injury region center, into
30 degree of needle angle, depth of needle about 2mm, the marginal zone of head end at implant damage (away from lesion center point about 5mm).Injection rate is
2.5 μ l/ minutes, syringe needle stays in injection point 2 minutes (being conducive to cell to spread to surrounding) after the completion of injection.
After rat abdominal cavity anesthesia, it is fixed under rat magnetic resonance imaging special coil, to being implanted into the nerve marked in vivo
Stem cell carries out vivo tracking can track the migration of transplanted cells in vivo by changing on detection label T1-MRI signal
With distribution." T1-MRI signal " refers to the MRI signal of T1 weighting, is signal enhancing, first bright signal.It is clinically common
The mode of MRI signal.
After transplanting 7 days, damage T1 high RST in situ can be clearly seen under 3T MRI, is distributed in injection point and damage
Around region；T1 signal strength after 14 days around injection point decreases, and the region between injection point and damage district center
There is the high density shadow of disperse.
As shown in figure 4, to Gd:Fe3O4@RA label neural stem cell and unlabelled neural stem cells transplantation after it is big
Mouse motor function recovery is evaluated.Since after spinal cord injury 14 days, two groups of BBB scorings and PBS through stem cell transplantation group
The scoring of control group increases (P < 0.05) compared to have a conspicuousness.And transplant Gd:Fe3O4@RA label neural stem cell it is big
The BBB scoring of mouse and the rat of the unmarked neural stem cell of transplanting also has significant difference (P < 0.05).This illustrates Gd:Fe3O4@
RA can effectively induced nerve stem cells directed differentiation, the motor function of injury rats can be obviously improved, complete spinal cord damage
The reparation of wound.
BBB (Basso, Beattie&Bresnahan locomotor rating scale) scoring, i.e. rat spinal cord are damaged
Hurt standards of grading, is that rats with spinal cord injury is established by the recovery of three phases according to the observation.
1, early stage: characterized by nothing or the movement of few hindlimb joints.
2, mid-term: including ataxic gait several times.
3, advanced stage: including fine movement, such as toe and tail in tow, trunk is unstable and claw alternately rotates.
Generally, 21 kinds of grade forms are synchronous with the progress of recovery.
First part, 0-7 class, assessment restore the hindlimb joints movement of early stage.
0. has no hind limb motor.
1. the light exercise in one or two joint, usually hip joint and/or knee joint.
2. the light exercise that the extensive movement in joint or the extensive movement in a joint add other joints.
3. the extensive movement in two joints.
4. the light exercise (hip joint, knee joint and ankle-joint) in three joints of hind leg.
5. the extensive movement of the light exercise in two joints and another joint.
6. the light exercise of the extensive movement and another joint in two joints.
7. the extensive movement in three joints of hind leg.
Second part, 8-13 class, assessment restore the gait and the coordinated movement of various economic factors of mid-term.
8. being placed in no Weight carrying position without weight bearing dragging or foot.
9. vola is only located at Weight carrying position, or once in a while/frequent/lasting instep is born a heavy burden walking, no vola walking.
10. walking of bearing a heavy burden once in a while, the unmatched hind leg coordinated movement of various economic factors.
11. frequently arriving lasting weight bearing walking, the unmatched hind leg coordinated movement of various economic factors.
12. frequently arriving lasting weight bearing walking, occasionally there is the front and back limb coordinated movement of various economic factors.
13. lasting weight bearing walking, the frequent front and back limb coordinated movement of various economic factors.
Part III, 14-21 class, the fine movement of claw when assessment moves.
14. persistently coordinating gait, continue front and back limb motor coordination；The rotation of advantage pawl or frequently vola walking, hold when movement
Continuous front and back limb motor coordination and instep walking once in a while.
15. persistently coordinating gait；When forelimb advances without or it is even have stretch toe；When advantage pawl just contacts to earth and body parallel.
16. persistently coordinating gait；Frequently stretch toe；When advantage pawl contacts to earth and body parallel, rotation when lifting.
17. persistently coordinating gait；Frequently stretch toe；Advantage pawl is contacting to earth and is lifting Shi Junyu body parallel.
18. persistently coordinating gait；Persistently stretch toe；Advantage pawl is contacting to earth and body parallel, rotation when lifting.
19. persistently coordinating gait；Persistently stretch toe；Advantage pawl is contacting to earth and is lifting Shi Junyu body parallel.
20. persistently coordinating gait；Persistently stretch toe；Advantage pawl is contacting to earth and is lifting Shi Junyu body parallel；But body is unstable
Fixed, tail persistently upwarps.
21. persistently coordinating gait；Persistently stretch toe；Advantage pawl is contacting to earth and is lifting Shi Junyu body parallel；Body is stablized, tail
Ba Chixu is upwarped.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing, an exemplary description of the invention, it is clear that realization of the invention is not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as use the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention carry out various improvement, or it is not improved will be of the invention
Conception and technical scheme directly apply to other occasions, be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle, it is characterised in that: it is used for
In the differentiation of induction stem cell directional and it is used for real time MRI radiography；It is that MRI contrast agent and nanometer carry that the gadolinium, which mixes ferroso-ferric oxide,
Body, the vitamin A acid of load are active constituent, have the function of that stem cell is promoted to be divided into neuronal cell；
The gadolinium, which mixes ferriferrous oxide nano-particle structural formula, can be expressed as Gd:Fe3O4, the Multifunctional load stimulation Wei Jia
The structural formula that the gadolinium of acid mixes ferriferrous oxide nano-particle can be expressed as Gd:Fe3O4@RA, in which: for the meaning of load, RA
Represent vitamin A acid.
2. the gadolinium of Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle, feature according to claim 1
Be: the gadolinium mix ferriferrous oxide nano-particle the preparation method is as follows:
It is prepared for the mono- source presoma of Fe/Gd, is then added in the reaction mixture of oleyl amine, oleic acid and benzyl oxide, gradually heating adds
Heat, after be cooled to room temperature, obtain black/brown in color substance, separation, ethanol washing separate again, are dried to obtain Gd:Fe3O4。
3. the gadolinium with the 2 Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acids mixes ferroso-ferric oxide composite nanoparticle according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the gadolinium of the Multifunctional load stimulation vitamin A acid mix ferriferrous oxide nano-particle the preparation method is as follows:
With living polymer to Gd:Fe3O4It is modified to carry out surface, becomes aqueous solution, and active group carboxylic in function of surface
Base enables and the cyclodextrin for loading vitamin A acid is connected in Gd:Fe by ester bond3O4Surface, it may be assumed that pass through the adjacent hydroxyl of nano-material surface
Benzene-PEG- c-terminus compound is reacted with the hydroxyl on the cyclodextrin surface for being loaded with vitamin A acid, is connected by ester bond, to make
For at Gd:Fe3O4@RA。
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| PCT/CN2019/102375 WO2020119174A1 (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2019-08-24 | Multifunctional retinoic acid-loaded gadolinium-doped ferroferric oxide composite nanoparticles and preparation method therefor |
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| WO2020119174A1 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-06-18 | 王冠男 | Multifunctional retinoic acid-loaded gadolinium-doped ferroferric oxide composite nanoparticles and preparation method therefor |
| CN112043682A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2020-12-08 | 新乡医学院 | Magnetic nano-drug carrier based on porous gadolinium-doped iron oxide nanocluster and preparation method thereof |
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