CN109532067B - Manufacturing method of high-performance flexible electric heating film - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of high-performance flexible electric heating film Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a high-performance flexible electric heating film, which is characterized in that a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio female die is manufactured by using a method of driving fused jet deposition 3D printing by an electric field; pouring liquid Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on the master mould in vacuum to manufacture a PDMS soft mould; filling conductive slurry (with high metal content) into the groove of the PDMS soft mold in an electrowetting-assisted blade coating mode and curing at a certain temperature; coating a layer of conductive polymer on a target flexible substrate; transferring the conductive paste to a flexible substrate by using a conductive polymer transfer printing method; and (3) further sintering the conductive structure on the flexible substrate for post-treatment to obtain the flexible transparent electric heating film with low sheet resistance and high light transmittance (metal wire with high aspect ratio, high resolution and high metal content).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transparent electric heating, and particularly relates to a novel high-efficiency low-cost manufacturing method of a flexible transparent electric heating film with high photoelectric property by combining an electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology and a conductive polymer assisted micro-transfer printing technology.
Background
The transparent electric heater is typically applied as a transparent electrode, and plays a role in defogging, defrosting and anti-icing in a plurality of fields such as touch screens, OLEDs, LCDs, automobile glass, billboards and the like. Along with the trend of the flexibility development of optoelectronic devices, the transparent electric heater is promoted to realize flexibility. The traditional electric heating material Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) has the problems of poor bending resistance and rare metal indium, so that the traditional electric heating material Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) is difficult to be continuously applied to the manufacture of flexible transparent electric heaters. Therefore, in recent years, conductive materials such as conductive polymers, graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal nanowires, and metal meshes have been developed and applied to the production of flexible electric heating films. Although these materials have all proven to be applicable in the manufacture of flexible transparent electrically heated films. However, from the viewpoint of comprehensive photoelectric properties, it is difficult to manufacture a transparent heating film with high transmittance and low sheet resistance, because the transmittance and the low sheet resistance are contradictory under certain conditions, for example, when a flexible transparent electric heater is manufactured by using a conductive polymer, graphene, carbon nanotubes or metal nanowires, the thicker the conductive material deposited on the flexible thin film, the better the conductivity of the flexible thin film, i.e., the better the heating property, and the lower the transmittance of the thicker the conductive film.
However, the metal mesh can improve the light transmittance of the conductive film to a certain extent, provided that the metal mesh has higher conductivity. Therefore, the improvement of the aspect ratio of the metal grid and the conductivity of the metal grid material becomes an effective way to solve the contradiction between the light transmittance and the conductivity of the metal grid. At present, there are various methods for manufacturing metal grids, such as optical lithography, nanoimprint, ink-jet printing, and aerosol printing, however, although the optical lithography can achieve the manufacturing of high-performance metal grids, the manufacturing cycle is long, the cost is high, and especially, it is difficult to achieve the manufacturing of metal grids on flexible substrates; however, the master of nano-imprinting in large-area manufacturing and large-area imprinting have been bottleneck problems that are difficult to solve; ink jet printing and aerosol jetting have difficulty in printing high metal content and high aspect ratio microstructures. In summary, there is an urgent need to develop a manufacturing technology of a flexible metal grid, which can meet the requirements of a high-performance flexible electric heating film, has a high metal content, a high resolution network cable, a structure with a large aspect ratio, and is suitable for a flexible substrate. Thereby realizing the low-cost batch manufacturing of the high-performance flexible electric heating film.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and defects of the existing transparent electric heating film manufacturing process method, the invention provides the transparent electric heating film manufacturing method based on the electric field driving fused jet deposition 3D printing technology and the conductive polymer transfer printing technology, the low-cost manufacturing of the high-performance (high resolution, large height-width ratio and high metal content metal wires) flexible transparent electric heating film can be realized, and the method has the advantages of high production efficiency, simple preparation steps, batch production and the like.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of manufacturing a high performance flexible electrical heating film, comprising:
step 1): 3D printing a female die with a large height-width ratio by adopting electric field driving fusion jet deposition;
step 2): vacuum pouring liquid polydimethylsiloxane PDMS on the master mould to prepare a working mould with a groove;
step 3): filling conductive slurry into the groove of the working mould, and curing to prepare a template filled with the conductive slurry;
step 4): coating a layer of conductive polymer solution on the surface of the flexible substrate, attaching the template prepared in the step 3) to the conductive polymer layer, transferring the solidified conductive slurry in the template to the flexible substrate, and sintering to obtain the conductive paste.
Different from a conductive structure loaded on a glass substrate, the conductive silver wire with high adhesion on the glass substrate can be attached with high adhesion by doping glass powder in the conductive silver paste and sintering at high temperature. For the flexible substrate, generally, the high-temperature sintering post-treatment is difficult to bear, so in order to ensure that the conductive structure can be transferred to the flexible substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), Polyimide (PI) and the like, in some embodiments, the low-temperature cured conductive polymers such as PEDOT/PSS and the like are selected as micro transfer media, and are transferred to the flexible substrates by utilizing the adhesive force between the cured conductive polymers and the conductive structure, and meanwhile, the conductive polymers can enhance the conductivity of the flexible transparent electric heating film and also can effectively compensate the influence of flexible bending on the conductivity on the flexible substrate.
In some embodiments, the conductive polymer solution is poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) PEDOT/polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT/PSS).
In some embodiments, the flexible matrix is polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyethylene naphthalate PEN, or polyimide PI.
In some embodiments, the conductive paste is a nano-silver conductive paste, a nano-copper conductive paste, or a nano-platinum conductive paste.
In some embodiments, the printing material is polymethylmethacrylate PMMA or polycaprolactone PCL.
In some embodiments, in step 3), the conductive paste is filled into the groove of the working mold by electrowetting-assisted doctor-blading.
In some embodiments, in step 4), after the template filled with the conductive slurry is attached to the conductive polymer liquid, the conductive polymer is cured, and then the working mold is separated from the flexible substrate, so as to obtain the flexible substrate with the conductive structure.
In some embodiments, the specific condition of the electrowetting is that an electric field is applied between the scraper and the PDMS flexible mold, and the voltage is 100V-500V.
The invention also provides a high-performance flexible electric heating film prepared by any one of the methods.
The invention also provides the application of the high-performance flexible electric heating film in the fields of household appliances, power electronics, communication, energy sources and aerospace.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology and the conductive polymer transfer printing technology are organically combined, the advantages that the electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing can be used for manufacturing high-resolution (1-20 micrometers) and high-aspect-ratio (0.3-2) micromold at low cost are exerted, meanwhile, the advantages that the conductive polymer micro transfer printing technology can be used for transferring the microstructure with the high-aspect-ratio are combined, and the high-performance (high light transmittance and low sheet resistance) transparent electric heating film can be manufactured.
(2) When a layer of thin conductive polymer is used as a micro-transfer medium, the conductivity of the flexible transparent heating film is enhanced, and the influence of bending of the flexible electric heating film on the conductivity can be effectively compensated. Therefore, the sheet resistance of the transparent heating film is further reduced, the layer thickness of the conductive polymer is determined according to the relation between the conductivity and the light transmittance, and the conductive polymer with the maximum layer thickness is adopted on the premise of not influencing the light transmittance requirement.
(3) The whole process is simple, the cost is low, and the material application range is wide (the scraping and filling adopted has low requirements on the material performance).
The invention provides a solution for the problem of poor comprehensive photoelectric performance generated in the manufacturing process of the transparent electric heating film.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of manufacturing a high-performance flexible transparent electric heating film based on an electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology and a conductive polymer micro-transfer printing technology.
Fig. 2(a) to (f) are schematic views showing an example of manufacturing a high-performance transparent electric heating film according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As described in the background, the present invention addresses the problem that it is difficult to manufacture a high-performance (high resolution, high aspect ratio, high metal content metal wires) flexible transparent electrical heating film with low cost by using the conventional metal mesh manufacturing method. The invention provides a manufacturing method of a high-performance flexible electric heating film, which is characterized in that an electric field is used for driving a 3D printing method of fused jet deposition to manufacture a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio female die; pouring liquid Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on the master mould in vacuum to manufacture a PDMS soft mould; filling conductive slurry (with high metal content, 60-80%) into the groove of the PDMS soft mold by adopting an electrowetting-assisted blade coating mode and curing at a certain temperature; coating a layer of conductive polymer on a target flexible substrate; transferring the conductive paste to a flexible substrate by using a conductive polymer transfer printing method; and (3) further sintering the conductive structure on the flexible substrate for post-treatment to obtain the flexible transparent electric heating film with low sheet resistance and high light transmittance (metal wire with high aspect ratio, high resolution and high metal content).
The printing substrate used in the method for the electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing is glass, a silicon wafer and the like, and the printing material used is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Polycaprolactone (PCL) and the like.
The conductive paste comprises nano silver conductive paste, nano copper conductive paste, nano platinum conductive paste and the like.
The flexible substrate includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), Polyimide (PI), and the like.
The conductive polymer includes poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT/PSS), and the like.
A manufacturing method of a high-performance flexible transparent electric heating film comprises the following steps:
step 1, manufacturing a female die;
manufacturing a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio female die by adopting an electric field driven 3D printing mode of fused jet deposition;
step 2, manufacturing a PDMS soft mold;
pouring liquid PDMS on the master mould, heating to solidify the PDMS, and then separating the PDMS from the master mould to obtain a PDMS soft mould;
step 3, coating conductive slurry in a scraping mode;
adopting a blade coating mode, simultaneously applying an electric field, filling the conductive slurry into the groove of the PDMS soft mold, and curing the conductive slurry;
step 4, coating a conductive polymer;
coating a layer of conductive polymer liquid on a target flexible substrate;
step 5, conducting polymer transfer printing;
transferring the cured conductive slurry to a flexible substrate by using a conductive polymer transfer printing technology;
step 6, sintering the conductive slurry;
and further sintering and curing the conductive paste on the flexible substrate to obtain the flexible transparent electric heating film with better optical and electrical properties.
The specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
selecting a substrate required by printing, cleaning the substrate, and carrying out plasma bombardment treatment on the surface of the substrate; and (3) adopting an electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology, selecting a proper printing material, and printing a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio micro-nano scale mold required by the flexible transparent electric heating film on the processed substrate.
The specific steps of the step 2 are as follows:
vacuumizing PDMS liquid, coating the PDMS liquid on a mother mould in a pouring mode, and heating the PDMS at 80-90 ℃ for 15-20min to completely cure the PDMS; after curing, the PDMS is completely separated from the master mould by adopting an uncovering type demoulding method, so that the PDMS soft mould with the groove is obtained.
The specific steps of the step 3 are as follows:
adopting a scraping method, wherein a scraping tool is a scraper, selecting proper nano conductive slurry, applying an electric field between the scraper and the PDMS soft mold at a voltage of 100V-500V, filling the conductive slurry into the groove of the PDMS soft mold by using the scraper, and ensuring that the groove is filled with the conductive slurry and no residual conductive slurry exists at the top of the groove; curing the PDMS soft mold filled with the nano conductive slurry at 100-120 ℃ for 10-15min to volatilize the solvent in the nano conductive slurry.
The specific steps of the step 4 are as follows:
taking a target flexible substrate, cleaning the surface of the target flexible substrate, and coating a layer of conductive polymer liquid on the target flexible substrate;
the specific steps of the step 5 are as follows:
covering a PDMS soft mould filled with a lead on the conductive polymer liquid, carrying out heat treatment on the conductive polymer, drawing a conductive structure in the PDMS soft mould to the surface of the conductive polymer by the adhesive force of the surface of the PDMS soft mould along with the curing of the conductive polymer, and then demoulding the PDMS soft mould to separate the PDMS soft mould from a target flexible substrate to obtain the flexible substrate with the conductive structure;
the specific steps of the step 6 are as follows:
and the conductive structure on the flexible substrate is further subjected to post-sintering treatment, so that the optical and electrical properties of the conductive structure are improved.
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1
In the embodiment, a large-aspect-ratio and high-resolution female die is manufactured by an electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology, wherein a printing material is PMMA, and a printing structure is a wire grid structure; then, transferring the structure on the master mould to a PDMS soft mould; then, filling the nano silver conductive slurry into a groove of a PDMS soft mold, and spin-coating a layer of conductive polymer PEDOT/PSS on the PET film; finally, the silver wire is transferred to a target flexible substrate through a conductive polymer transfer printing technology, and the silver wire is further subjected to post-sintering treatment.
The specific process of manufacturing comprises: manufacturing a master mould, manufacturing a PDMS soft mould, blade coating and curing of conductive slurry, coating of a conductive polymer, transfer printing of the conductive polymer and sintering of the conductive slurry. As shown in FIGS. 2(a) to (f).
The specific working method and steps are as follows:
step 1: and (5) manufacturing a female die.
Step 1-1: taking common glass as a substrate for 3D printing, cleaning the substrate, firstly respectively ultrasonically cleaning the substrate for 10min by using acetone and isopropanol, then flushing the substrate by using deionized water, then blow-drying the substrate by using nitrogen, and finally carrying out plasma bombardment treatment on the surface of the glass by using a plasma treatment machine, so that the surface of the substrate can be modified, and the adhesive force between a printing material and the substrate is improved;
step 1-2: selecting PMMA as a printing material, and printing the PMMA wire grid structure on a substrate by adopting an electric field driving fusion jet deposition 3D printing technology according to a designed micro-nano graphic wire grid structure to obtain a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio female die, wherein the parameters of the wire grid structure are as follows: the effective pattern area was 200mm × 200mm, the line width was 5 μm, the period was 100 μm, and the height was 4 μm.
Step 2: and manufacturing a PDMS soft mold.
Step 2-1: coating a layer of PDMS liquid with the thickness of about 1.5mm on the surface of a master mould obtained by 3D printing in a pouring mode, wherein the selected PDMS liquid is Sylgard 184 of Dow Corning company;
step 2-2: placing the master mould coated with the PDMS liquid in a vacuum environment, heating and curing at 80 ℃ for 20min to mold PDMS;
step 2-3: and separating the cured and molded PDMS from the master mould by adopting an uncovering type demoulding method to obtain the PDMS soft mould.
And step 3: and (4) conducting paste blade coating and curing.
Step 3-1: taking nano-silver conductive paste (Zhongkonton NT-TL20E), selecting proper scraping speed and angle by adopting a scraping mode, applying an electric field between a scraper and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), wherein the voltage is 200V, filling the nano-silver conductive paste into a groove on a PDMS soft mold, and ensuring that the inside of the groove is filled with the nano-silver conductive paste under the action of an electrowetting effect;
step 3-2: placing the PDMS soft mold filled with the nano-silver conductive paste in a heating environment, volatilizing a solvent in the nano-silver conductive paste to realize solidification, and forming a silver wire in a groove of the PDMS soft mold, wherein the nano-silver conductive paste used at this time is nano-conductive silver paste produced by Beijing Zhongkongtong company, the solidification temperature is 100 ℃, and the solidification time is 10 min.
And 4, step 4: a conductive polymer is coated.
A common PET film with the area of 300mm multiplied by 300mm and the thickness of 100 mu m is taken as a target base material, the surface of the base material is cleaned, and a layer of PEDOT/PSS liquid is coated in a spin mode.
And 5: and (4) transferring the conductive polymer.
Step 5-1: covering the PDMS soft mold filled with the silver wires on the PET film to ensure that the PDMS soft mold is fully contacted with the surface of the PET film and no air bubbles are generated between the PDMS soft mold and the PET film;
step 5-2: heating the PET film covered with the PDMS soft mold at 90 ℃ for 5min to cure the PEDOT/PSS liquid into a film, wherein in the curing process of the PEDOT/PSS liquid, the adhesive force generated between the PEDOT/PSS film and the silver grids is larger than that between the grooves of the PDMS soft mold and the silver grids, so that the silver grids are pulled to the surface of the PEDOT/PSS film;
step 5-3: and separating the PDMS soft mold from the PET film by adopting an uncovering type demolding method to obtain the PET film with the silver wire, so that the silver wire is transferred from the PDMS soft mold to the PET film.
Step 6: and sintering the conductive slurry.
The PET film with the silver wires is placed AT 135 ℃ and heated for 40min, the silver wires are further sintered and cured to obtain a flexible transparent electric heating film with excellent optical and electric properties, the square resistance of the manufactured transparent electric heating glass is measured to be 3 omega/sq by adopting a milliohm meter AT516, the optical properties (light transmittance) of the manufactured transparent electric heating glass are measured and characterized by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-6100), and the light transmittance AT a visible light band (550 nm) is 95% (minus PET).
Example 2
In the embodiment, firstly, a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio female die is manufactured by an electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology, wherein a printing material is PCL, and a printing structure is a grid structure; then, transferring the structure on the master mould to a PDMS soft mould; then, filling the nano silver conductive slurry into a groove of a PDMS soft mold, and spin-coating a layer of PEDOT/PSS liquid on the PET film; finally, the silver mesh is transferred to the target flexible substrate by a conductive polymer transfer technique and further sintered.
The specific process of manufacturing comprises: manufacturing a master mould, manufacturing a PDMS soft mould, blade coating and curing conductive slurry, transferring conductive polymer and sintering the conductive slurry. As shown in FIGS. 2(a) to (f).
The specific working method comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (5) manufacturing a female die.
Step 1-1: taking common glass as a substrate for 3D printing, cleaning the substrate, firstly respectively ultrasonically cleaning the substrate for 10min by using acetone and isopropanol, then flushing the substrate by using deionized water, then blow-drying the substrate by using nitrogen, and finally carrying out plasma bombardment treatment on the surface of the glass by using a plasma treatment machine, so that the surface of the substrate can be modified, and the adhesive force between a printing material and the substrate is improved;
step 1-2: selecting PCL as a printing material, and printing the PCL grid structure on a substrate by using an electric field driving fused jet deposition 3D printing technology according to a designed micro-nano graph grid structure to obtain a mother die with a large height-to-width ratio and a high resolution ratio, wherein the parameters of the grid structure are as follows: the effective pattern area was 100mm × 100mm, the line width was 2 μm, the period was 100 μm, and the height was 2 μm.
Step 2: and manufacturing a PDMS soft mold.
Step 2-1: coating a layer of PDMS liquid with the thickness of about 1.5mm on the surface of a master mould obtained by 3D printing in a pouring mode, wherein the selected PDMS liquid is Sylgard 184 of Dow Corning company;
step 2-2: placing the master mould coated with the PDMS liquid in a vacuum environment, heating and curing at 80 ℃ for 20min to mold PDMS;
step 2-3: and separating the cured and molded PDMS from the master mould by adopting an uncovering type demoulding method to obtain the PDMS soft mould.
And step 3: and (4) conducting paste blade coating and curing.
Step 3-1: taking nano-silver conductive paste (Zhongkonton NT-TL20E), selecting proper scraping speed and angle by adopting a scraping mode, applying an electric field between a scraper and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), wherein the voltage is 300V, filling the nano-silver conductive paste into a groove on a PDMS soft mold, and ensuring that the inside of the groove is filled with the nano-silver conductive paste under the action of an electrowetting effect;
step 3-2: placing the PDMS soft mold filled with the nano-silver conductive slurry in a heating environment, volatilizing a solvent in the nano-silver conductive slurry to realize curing, forming a silver grid in a groove of the PDMS soft mold, and curing the nano-silver conductive slurry used at the time at the curing temperature of 120 ℃ for 10 min.
And 4, step 4: a conductive polymer is coated.
A common PET film with the area of 150mm multiplied by 150mm and the thickness of 200 mu m is taken as a target substrate, the surface of the common PET film is cleaned, and a layer of PEDOT/PSS liquid is coated in a spin mode.
And 5: and (4) transferring the conductive polymer.
Step 5-1: covering the PDMS soft mold filled with the silver grid on the PET film to ensure that the PDMS soft mold is fully contacted with the surface of the PET film and no air bubble is generated between the PDMS soft mold and the PET film;
step 5-2: heating the PET film covered with the PDMS soft mold at 90 ℃ for 5min to cure the PEDOT/PSS liquid into a film, wherein in the curing process of the PEDOT/PSS liquid, the adhesive force generated between the PEDOT/PSS film and the silver grids is larger than that between the grooves of the PDMS soft mold and the silver grids, so that the silver grids are pulled to the surface of the PEDOT/PSS film;
step 5-3: and separating the PDMS soft mold from the PET film by adopting an uncovering type demolding method to obtain the PET film with the silver grids, so that the silver grids are transferred from the PDMS soft mold to the PET film.
Step 6: and sintering the conductive slurry.
The PET film with the silver grids is placed AT 135 ℃ for heating for 40min, the silver grids are further sintered and cured to obtain a flexible transparent electric heating film with excellent optical and electric properties, the sheet resistance of the manufactured transparent electric heating glass is 3.5 omega/sq measured by adopting a milliohm meter AT516, the optical properties (light transmittance) of the manufactured transparent electric heating glass are measured and characterized by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-6100), and the light transmittance in a visible light waveband (550 nm) is 93 percent (minus PET).
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of manufacturing a high performance flexible electrical heating film, comprising:
step 1): the electric field is adopted to drive the fusion jet deposition to print out the master mould with high aspect ratio in a 3D way,
step 2): vacuum pouring liquid PDMS on the master mould to prepare a working mould with a groove;
step 3): filling conductive slurry into the groove of the working mould, and curing to prepare a template filled with the conductive slurry;
step 4): coating a layer of conductive polymer solution on the surface of a flexible substrate, attaching the template prepared in the step 3) to the conductive polymer layer, transferring the cured conductive slurry in the template to the flexible substrate, and sintering to obtain the conductive paste;
in the step 3), filling the conductive slurry into the groove of the working die in an electrowetting-assisted blade coating mode;
the high aspect ratio refers to the ratio of the height to the width of 0.3-2, and the metal content in the conductive paste is 60% -80%;
the specific steps of the step 1) are as follows:
selecting a substrate required by printing, cleaning the substrate, and carrying out plasma bombardment treatment on the surface of the substrate; and (3) adopting an electric field driven fused jet deposition 3D printing technology, selecting a proper printing material, and printing a high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio micro-nano scale mold required by the flexible transparent electric heating film on the processed substrate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive polymer solution is poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) PEDOT/polystyrene sulfonic acid.
3. The method of manufacturing a high performance flexible electric heating film according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate is polyethylene terephthalate PET, polyethylene naphthalate PEN, or polyimide PI.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive paste is a nano silver conductive paste, a nano copper conductive paste or a nano platinum conductive paste.
5. The method for manufacturing a high performance flexible electric heating film according to claim 1, wherein the printing material is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or Polycaprolactone (PCL).
6. The manufacturing method of a high performance flexible electric heating film according to claim 1, wherein the substrate required for printing is a glass or silicon wafer.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4), after the template filled with the conductive slurry is attached to the conductive polymer liquid, the conductive polymer is solidified, and then the working mold is separated from the flexible substrate, thereby obtaining the flexible substrate with the conductive structure.
8. The manufacturing method of a high performance flexible electric heating film according to claim 1, wherein the specific conditions of the electrowetting are: and applying an electric field between the scraper and the PDMS soft mold, wherein the voltage is 100V-500V.
9. A high performance flexible electric heating film produced by the method for manufacturing a high performance flexible electric heating film according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the high performance flexible electric heating film of claim 9 in the fields of household appliances, power electronics, communications, energy, aerospace.
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