CN109532006B - Adaptive layer thickness slicing method and printing system - Google Patents
Adaptive layer thickness slicing method and printing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109532006B CN109532006B CN201811382783.9A CN201811382783A CN109532006B CN 109532006 B CN109532006 B CN 109532006B CN 201811382783 A CN201811382783 A CN 201811382783A CN 109532006 B CN109532006 B CN 109532006B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention provides a self-adaptive layer thickness slicing method and a printing system, which comprise the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional model of an object to be printed; discretizing a three-dimensional model into d having the same layer thickness h1、d2、……dnThe layer model is used for obtaining a perpendicular bisector of the three-dimensional model, and dividing the three-dimensional model at the same angle by taking the perpendicular bisector as a center to obtain a plurality of vertical slices; discretizing the vertical slice into a plurality of layers according to the same layer thickness h, and acquiring a plurality of comparison points on the contour line of the vertical slice; connecting two adjacent comparison points on each vertical slice into an oblique line, and calculating an included angle a between the oblique line and the horizontal direction; and comparing the plurality of angles a with a threshold S, and judging whether the corresponding adjacent two layers are combined into slices or not. The invention carries out adaptive slicing of different layer thicknesses on the three-dimensional model of the object to be printed, and provides the printing system to directly print the layer model of the adaptive layer thickness, thereby accelerating the printing speed on the premise of not influencing the printing precision and the quality of the printed object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-adaptive layer thickness slicing method and a printing system.
Background
The 3D photocuring printing technology is a product rapid forming technology which utilizes laser to irradiate a photosensitive resin material so as to rapidly solidify liquid resin into a product shape; the object is constructed by printing layer by layer on the basis of a digital model and using liquid photosensitive resin as a material.
3D photocuring printing, before starting to print the object, acquiring three-dimensional model data of the object to be printed, and slicing the three-dimensional model to obtain a layer model to be printed on each layer. And each layer of model generates a raster scanning line of an ultraviolet laser scanning path by setting printing parameters. And then the ultraviolet laser scans the liquid resin along raster scanning lines of each layer model one by one, the scanned resin thin layer generates polymerization reaction, a surface is gradually formed by the lines, and finally a solidified section of a thin layer of the part is formed, and the unscanned resin keeps the original liquid state.
Nowadays, 3D photocuring printing technology is widely used, and its advantages are obvious, such as high printing precision, and convenient fabrication of parts with fine and complex structure.
However, the current 3D printing is limited by slicing and a printing system, the slicing can only be performed according to the same layer thickness, and the printing system can only perform printing according to the same layer thickness when printing, so that the printing speed is slow, and the requirement of production efficiency is difficult to meet.
Chinese patent 201810159843.4 discloses a 3D printing layered thickness self-adaptive slicing method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring STL file data; inputting the maximum layer thickness and the minimum layer thickness of the custom slice; selecting a positive direction; obtaining corresponding values of three vertexes of the triangular surface patch on a coordinate axis corresponding to the positive direction, taking the minimum value of the corresponding values, and sequencing the triangular surface patch; acquiring a height range of the 3D printing model; assigning the minimum interval MinZ to the current Z-axis coordinate value NowZ; counting a triangular patch passing through a horizontal plane with Z-axis coordinates NowZ in the 3D printing model, and calculating the thickness h0 of the corresponding triangular patch; increasing the value of the current Z-axis coordinate value NowZ by h0, and making the Z-axis coordinate as a horizontal plane of NowZ; repeating the steps, and calculating other layering heights and planes; when the value of NowZ is equal to or greater than the interval maximum value MaxZ, the repetition is terminated, and slice data is output.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an adaptive layer thickness slicing method which carries out adaptive slicing on three-dimensional models of objects to be printed in different layer thicknesses and provides a printing system which can directly print the layer models with the adaptive layer thicknesses when printing is carried out, so that the printing speed is increased on the premise of not influencing the printing precision and the quality of the printed objects.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an adaptive slice thickness method, which includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a three-dimensional model of the object to be printed; discretizing a three-dimensional model into d having the same layer thickness h1、d2、……dnA layer model storing a layer thickness of each layer model;
s2, acquiring a geometric center point of the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a perpendicular bisector passing through the geometric center and parallel to the Z axis; dividing the three-dimensional model at the same angle by taking the perpendicular bisector as a center to obtain a plurality of vertical slices;
s3, discretizing the vertical slice into a plurality of layers according to the same layer thickness h, and acquiring a plurality of comparison points on the contour line of the vertical slice;
s4, connecting two adjacent comparison points on each vertical slice into an oblique line, and calculating an included angle a between the oblique line and the horizontal direction; obtaining the average value or the maximum value of the angle a in a plurality of vertical slices of the same layer;
s5, comparing the average value or the maximum value of the plurality of angles a calculated in the step S4 with a threshold S: within the threshold, merging and slicing the two corresponding adjacent layers, reserving one layer model for the layer model of the two adjacent layers with the corresponding thickness in step S1, and superposing and storing the corresponding layer thickness as the layer thickness of the layer model of the merged slice; until the slicing is completed.
In the invention, the three-dimensional model is discretized by the same layer thickness and then stored as a plurality of layer models with the same layer thickness, then the three-dimensional model is vertically sliced, comparison points on the vertical slices are used for comparison, and the comparison points are arranged by the layer thicknesses of the layer models, so that the comparison result of the comparison points corresponds to the layer models; if it is determined from the comparison result whether or not the corresponding layer models are merged and can be merged, one layer model is retained in the layer models stored in step S1, and the merged layer thickness is superimposed and stored as layer thickness information of the merged layer model.
In the invention, the comparison of adjacent layer models is carried out by calculating the included angle between the oblique line formed by connecting the comparison points and the horizontal direction, the judgment process is direct, and the result is accurate.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the threshold value S is between 85 and 95.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the upper limit m of the number of merging layers is set for the merging of adjacent layers, and the upper limit m of the number of merging layers is 2-5 layers.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, step S5 further includes the following steps:
s501, comparison dnLayer and dn+1Whether layers are merged, compare dn+1Layer and dn+2Whether layers are merged, … …, compare dn+m-1Layer and dn+mWhether the layers are merged, all above, then dnLayer to dn+mMerging layers;
S502、dn+mlayer no longer with dn+m+1Layer comparison, further carrying out dn+m+1Layer and dn+m+2Comparison of layers.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, step S5 further includes the following steps:
s511, sequentially comparing whether two adjacent layers are combined or not; obtaining the total number of layers which can be combined among a plurality of adjacent layers;
and S512, planning the layers to be combined evenly or semi-evenly according to the upper limit m of the combined layer number.
The invention provides two different merging processes based on the limitation of merging layer number, and one of the two different merging processes is selected for processing according to the structural characteristics of a printed object.
According to another specific embodiment of the invention, in the adaptive slicing method, layers needing to be sliced are selected for adaptive merging according to the structure and performance requirements of the object to be printed.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the merging the slices in step S5 further includes the following steps:
s52, obtaining a layer model needing to be merged; obtaining a layer model needing to be reserved according to the layer models needing to be combined:
the number of layers of the merging layer model is odd, and the layer model of the middle layer is reserved;
the number of layers of the merging layer model is even, and any one layer model in the middle two layers is reserved. The invention also aims to provide a printing system for printing after slicing by the self-adaptive layer thickness slicing method, which comprises a printer host and an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is connected with a processor.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a processor comprises:
a memory allocation unit configured to dynamically allocate memory areas according to the content and number of memory tasks;
a model importing unit configured to import the layer models subjected to adaptive layer thickness slicing into automatically generated dynamic memories, respectively, one layer model corresponding to one dynamic memory, and store layer thickness parameters of the layer models in the corresponding dynamic memories;
a parameter setting unit configured to set a printing parameter according to a printing requirement;
and the calling printing unit is configured to dynamically call the layer model in the dynamic memory according to the printing sequence, generate the layer model into a rasterized scanning line according to the printing parameters, and transmit the layer model, the printing parameters, the layer thickness parameters and the rasterized scanning line in the dynamic memory to the laser galvanometer board card and the motion control board card for layer-by-layer printing.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic step diagram of an adaptive slice thickness method of embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of memory allocation of the printing system of embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a printing schematic diagram of the printing system of embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides an adaptive slice thickness method, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring a three-dimensional model of the object to be printed; discretizing a three-dimensional model into d having the same layer thickness h1、d2、……dnA layer model storing a layer thickness of each layer model;
s2, acquiring a geometric center point of the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a perpendicular bisector passing through the geometric center and parallel to the Z axis; dividing the three-dimensional model at the same angle by taking the perpendicular bisector as a center to obtain a plurality of vertical slices;
s3, discretizing the vertical slice into a plurality of layers according to the same layer thickness h, and acquiring a plurality of comparison points on the contour line of the vertical slice;
s4, connecting two adjacent comparison points on each vertical slice into an oblique line, and calculating an included angle a between the oblique line and the horizontal direction; obtaining the average value or the maximum value of the angle a in a plurality of vertical slices of the same layer;
s5, comparing the average value or the maximum value of the plurality of angles a obtained by calculation in the step S4 with a threshold S, wherein the threshold S is 85-95 degrees; within the threshold, merging and slicing the two corresponding adjacent layers, reserving one layer model for the layer model of the two adjacent layers with the corresponding thickness in step S1, and superposing and storing the corresponding layer thickness as the layer thickness of the layer model of the merged slice; until the slicing is completed.
And combining adjacent layers, wherein the upper limit m of the number of combined layers is set, and the upper limit m of the number of combined layers is 2-5 layers.
When the merging layer treatment is carried out, the method further comprises the following steps:
s501, comparison dnLayer and dn+1Whether layers are merged, compare dn+1Layer and dn+2Whether layers are merged, … …, compare dn+m-1Layer and dn+mWhether the layers are merged, all above, then dnLayer to dn+mMerging layers;
S502、dn+mlayer no longer with dn+m+1Layer comparison, further carrying out dn+m+1Layer and dn+m+2Comparison of layers.
Meanwhile, according to specific situations, when the merging layer processing is performed, the method may also include the following steps:
s511, sequentially comparing whether two adjacent layers are combined or not; obtaining the total number of layers which can be combined among a plurality of adjacent layers;
and S512, planning the layers to be combined evenly or semi-evenly according to the upper limit m of the combined layer number.
The present embodiment provides two different merging processes based on the limitation of the merging layer number, and selects one of the two processes according to the structural characteristics of the printed object.
Obtaining a layer model needing to be combined based on the limitation of the number of the combined layers; further obtaining a layer model needing to be reserved according to the layer model needing to be merged:
the number of layers of the merging layer model is odd, and the layer model of the middle layer is reserved;
the number of layers of the merging layer model is even, and any one layer model in the middle two layers is reserved.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional model is discretized by the same layer thickness and then stored as a plurality of layer models with the same layer thickness, the three-dimensional model is vertically sliced, comparison points on the vertical slices are compared, and the comparison points are set by the layer thicknesses of the layer models, so that the comparison result of the comparison points corresponds to the layer models; if it is determined from the comparison result whether or not the corresponding layer models are merged and can be merged, one layer model is retained in the layer models stored in step S1, and the merged layer thickness is superimposed and stored as layer thickness information of the merged layer model.
In this embodiment, the comparison of the models of adjacent layers is performed by calculating an included angle between the oblique line formed by connecting the comparison points and the horizontal direction, and the judgment process is direct and the result is accurate.
In the self-adaptive slicing method, layers needing to be sliced are selected for self-adaptive combination according to the structure and performance requirements of an object to be printed.
The embodiment also provides a printing system for printing after slicing by the self-adaptive layer thickness slicing method, which comprises a printer host and an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is connected with the processor.
The processor includes:
a memory allocation unit configured to dynamically allocate memory areas according to the content and number of memory tasks;
a model importing unit configured to import the layer models subjected to adaptive layer thickness slicing into automatically generated dynamic memories, respectively, one layer model corresponding to one dynamic memory, and store layer thickness parameters of the layer models in the corresponding dynamic memories; a plurality of memory areas are dynamically generated in the dynamic memory for storing layer models and layer thickness parameters, respectively.
A parameter setting unit configured to set a printing parameter according to a printing requirement;
and the calling printing unit is configured to dynamically call the layer model in the dynamic memory according to the printing sequence, generate the rasterization scanning lines according to the printing parameters by the layer model, and store the rasterization scanning lines in the dynamic memory. Meanwhile, the layer model comprises an outline vector and a support vector, and the outline vector and the support vector can be respectively stored in a storage area. The dynamic memory in the present embodiment is allocated as an outline vector memory area, a support vector memory area, a layer thickness memory area, and a scan line vector memory area, see fig. 2.
And the step of calling the printing unit further comprises the step of transmitting the layer model, the printing parameters, the layer thickness parameters and the rasterization scanning lines in the dynamic memory to the laser galvanometer board card and the motion control board card, and printing layer by layer.
The printing system of the embodiment specifically prints as follows: referring to fig. 3, the layer thickness of each layer model of the adaptive slice is different, the rasterization scan line, the layer thickness parameter and the layer model in each dynamic memory are called in sequence, the screen is controlled to descend to the positions D1, D2 and D3 respectively, and printing is performed according to the corresponding rasterization scan line until printing is completed.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
Claims (6)
1. An adaptive slice thickness method, comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring a three-dimensional model of the object to be printed; discretizing the three-dimensional model into d having the same layer thickness h1、d2、......dnLayer model storing each layerThe layer thickness of the pattern;
s2, acquiring a geometric center point of the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a perpendicular bisector passing through the geometric center and parallel to the Z axis; dividing the three-dimensional model at the same angle by taking the perpendicular bisector as a center to obtain a plurality of vertical slices;
s3, discretizing the vertical slice into a plurality of layers according to the same layer thickness h, and acquiring a plurality of comparison points on the contour line of the vertical slice;
s4, connecting two adjacent comparison points on each vertical slice into an oblique line, and calculating an included angle a between the oblique line and the horizontal direction; obtaining the average value or the maximum value of the angle a in a plurality of vertical slices of the same layer;
s5, comparing the average value or the maximum value of the plurality of angles a calculated in the step S4 with a threshold S: within the threshold, merging and slicing the two corresponding adjacent layers, reserving one layer model for the layer model of the two adjacent layers with the corresponding thickness in step S1, and superposing and storing the corresponding layer thickness as the layer thickness of the layer model of the merged slice; until the slicing is finished; wherein the threshold S is 85°－95°。
2. The adaptive slice method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the merging of adjacent layers has an upper limit m of merging layers, and the upper limit m of merging layers is 2-5 layers.
3. The adaptive slice method of claim 2, wherein the step S5 further comprises the steps of:
s501, comparison dnLayer and dn+1Whether layers are merged, compare dn+1Layer and dn+2Whether layers are merged, … …, compare dn+m-1Layer and dn+mWhether the layers are merged, all above, then dnLayer to dn+mMerging layers;
S502、dn+mlayer no longer with dn+m+1Layer comparison, further carrying out dn+m+1Layer and dn+m+2Comparison of layers.
4. The adaptive slice method of claim 2, wherein the step S5 further comprises the steps of:
s511, sequentially comparing whether two adjacent layers are combined or not; obtaining the total number of layers which can be combined among a plurality of adjacent layers;
and S512, planning the layers to be combined evenly or semi-evenly according to the upper limit m of the combined layer number.
5. The adaptive slice method of claim 1, wherein the adaptive slice method selects the layers to be combined for adaptive combination according to the structure and performance requirements of the object to be printed.
6. The adaptive slice thickness method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the merging slices in step S5, further comprising the steps of:
s52, obtaining a layer model needing to be merged; obtaining a layer model needing to be reserved according to the layer models needing to be combined:
the number of layers of the merging layer model is odd, and the layer model of the middle layer is reserved;
the number of layers of the merging layer model is even, and any one layer model in the middle two layers is reserved.
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| CN111016179B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-11-23 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Variable-layer-thickness subdivision calculation method based on additive manufacturing |
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| CN113619122B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-06-27 | 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional object printing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113844035B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-05-13 | 郑州市中心医院 | Three-dimensional image processing method and system applied to cheekbone 3D printing |
| CN114043728B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-03-22 | 深圳拓竹科技有限公司 | 3D printer, method and device for same, 3D printing system and storage medium |
| CN114850497A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-05 | 深圳市华阳新材料科技有限公司 | Alternate forming printing method |
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