CN1095210C - 卤酸盐电池 - Google Patents

卤酸盐电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1095210C
CN1095210C CN96115341A CN96115341A CN1095210C CN 1095210 C CN1095210 C CN 1095210C CN 96115341 A CN96115341 A CN 96115341A CN 96115341 A CN96115341 A CN 96115341A CN 1095210 C CN1095210 C CN 1095210C
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battery
halide
positive electrode
haloid salt
negative electrode
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CN1139298A (zh
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熊锡金
熊海元
马龙军
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种一次电池，尤其是一种卤酸盐电池。它包括正、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液，正极中氧化剂为卤酸盐或添加卤酸盐。所述卤酸盐电池具有容量大、低温性能好、无污染之特点。

Description

卤酸盐电池
本发明涉及一种一次电池，尤其是一种卤酸盐电池。
在背景技术中，一次电池包括带活性物质的正、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液，如锰干电池、碱锰电池、铅酸电池、镍镉电池，其正极活性物质常采用二氧化锰、二氧化铅、二氧化镍，其不足是电池容量低、低温性能差，镍镉、铅酸电池毒性较大，废弃后污染环境。
本发明目的在于提供一种电池容量高、低温性能好，利于环保的卤酸盐电池。
本发明的技术解决方案是这样实现的：卤酸盐电池包括正极、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液，正极上的氧化剂为卤酸盐或添加卤酸盐，正极放电时，吸收电子所提供的负离子主要由卤酸盐与水或氢离子等反应产生，可作为一次电池，也能做成可逆电池。
其工作原理如下：
X代表卤素：CI、Br、I等。
以碱性电池其介质为KOH为例：Zn/KON/KXO3正极 负极
本发明的优点和积极效果是：1、容量大。单位重量及单位体积的理论的电容量均较现有的锌锰、铅酸电池大。以KIO3为例，其理论当量约为0.75安时/克，而二氧化锰为0.31安时/克、二氧化铅为0.22安时/克。若与锌做成的可逆电池，其单位重量的电容是铅酸电池的2倍多。2、无毒害和污染。卤盐无毒害。镍镉、铅酸电池毒性均较大，废弃后污染严重。而卤酸盐电池，如碘酸钠与锌组成的电池废弃后扩散于环境中却利于缺碘、缺锌地区水质改善，提高居民的智商，废弃的卤酸盐电池，可回收利用。3、低温性能好，有各种温度适应的匹配。
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述：
图1是卤酸盐电池结构简图。
图2是卤酸盐电池放电曲线图。
参见图1，以碱锰电池结构简图为例，包括正极环1、负极锌膏2。卤酸盐电池可完全采用碱锰电池结构形式，仅将其正极环配方中氧化剂二氧化锰改为卤酸盐，即正极环配方采用卤酸盐、炭黑、石墨、蒸馏水压制而成。也可和二氧化锰等其它氧化剂配合使用，而负极配方不变。制做工艺同常规一次电池。所述卤酸盐可以是卤酸钾、卤酸钠等。所述的卤酸根为氯酸根、溴酸根、碘酸根。
对其他类型的一次电池，制成卤酸盐电池，同上类同。参见图2，以Zn/KOH/KBrO3为例，制成5号电池连续放电曲线图，放电电阻为4.7Ω；测量数据为电流I(mA)，路端电压U(V)，时间t(min)；初始电动势E0＝1.68V；终了电动势Et＝0.95V；总容量Q＞500mAh。

Claims (1)

1、一种卤酸盐电池，包括正极、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液，其特征在于正极中氧化剂为卤酸盐。
CN96115341A 1996-05-25 1996-05-25 卤酸盐电池 Expired - Fee Related CN1095210C (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN96115341A CN1095210C (zh) 1996-05-25 1996-05-25 卤酸盐电池

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN96115341A CN1095210C (zh) 1996-05-25 1996-05-25 卤酸盐电池

Publications (2)

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CN1139298A CN1139298A (zh) 1997-01-01
CN1095210C true CN1095210C (zh) 2002-11-27

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473625A (en) * 1982-04-23 1984-09-25 The Furukawa Electric Company, Ltd. Zinc-halogen battery

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473625A (en) * 1982-04-23 1984-09-25 The Furukawa Electric Company, Ltd. Zinc-halogen battery

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