CN1095210C - 卤酸盐电池 - Google Patents
卤酸盐电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1095210C CN1095210C CN96115341A CN96115341A CN1095210C CN 1095210 C CN1095210 C CN 1095210C CN 96115341 A CN96115341 A CN 96115341A CN 96115341 A CN96115341 A CN 96115341A CN 1095210 C CN1095210 C CN 1095210C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- halide
- positive electrode
- haloid salt
- negative electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种一次电池,尤其是一种卤酸盐电池。它包括正、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液,正极中氧化剂为卤酸盐或添加卤酸盐。所述卤酸盐电池具有容量大、低温性能好、无污染之特点。
Description
本发明涉及一种一次电池,尤其是一种卤酸盐电池。
在背景技术中,一次电池包括带活性物质的正、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液,如锰干电池、碱锰电池、铅酸电池、镍镉电池,其正极活性物质常采用二氧化锰、二氧化铅、二氧化镍,其不足是电池容量低、低温性能差,镍镉、铅酸电池毒性较大,废弃后污染环境。
本发明目的在于提供一种电池容量高、低温性能好,利于环保的卤酸盐电池。
本发明的技术解决方案是这样实现的:卤酸盐电池包括正极、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液,正极上的氧化剂为卤酸盐或添加卤酸盐,正极放电时,吸收电子所提供的负离子主要由卤酸盐与水或氢离子等反应产生,可作为一次电池,也能做成可逆电池。
其工作原理如下:
X代表卤素:CI、Br、I等。
以碱性电池其介质为KOH为例:Zn/KON/KXO3正极 负极
本发明的优点和积极效果是:1、容量大。单位重量及单位体积的理论的电容量均较现有的锌锰、铅酸电池大。以KIO3为例,其理论当量约为0.75安时/克,而二氧化锰为0.31安时/克、二氧化铅为0.22安时/克。若与锌做成的可逆电池,其单位重量的电容是铅酸电池的2倍多。2、无毒害和污染。卤盐无毒害。镍镉、铅酸电池毒性均较大,废弃后污染严重。而卤酸盐电池,如碘酸钠与锌组成的电池废弃后扩散于环境中却利于缺碘、缺锌地区水质改善,提高居民的智商,废弃的卤酸盐电池,可回收利用。3、低温性能好,有各种温度适应的匹配。
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述:
图1是卤酸盐电池结构简图。
图2是卤酸盐电池放电曲线图。
参见图1,以碱锰电池结构简图为例,包括正极环1、负极锌膏2。卤酸盐电池可完全采用碱锰电池结构形式,仅将其正极环配方中氧化剂二氧化锰改为卤酸盐,即正极环配方采用卤酸盐、炭黑、石墨、蒸馏水压制而成。也可和二氧化锰等其它氧化剂配合使用,而负极配方不变。制做工艺同常规一次电池。所述卤酸盐可以是卤酸钾、卤酸钠等。所述的卤酸根为氯酸根、溴酸根、碘酸根。
对其他类型的一次电池,制成卤酸盐电池,同上类同。参见图2,以Zn/KOH/KBrO3为例,制成5号电池连续放电曲线图,放电电阻为4.7Ω;测量数据为电流I(mA),路端电压U(V),时间t(min);初始电动势E0=1.68V;终了电动势Et=0.95V;总容量Q>500mAh。
Claims (1)
1、一种卤酸盐电池,包括正极、负极和夹在正负极间的电解液,其特征在于正极中氧化剂为卤酸盐。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN96115341A CN1095210C (zh) | 1996-05-25 | 1996-05-25 | 卤酸盐电池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN96115341A CN1095210C (zh) | 1996-05-25 | 1996-05-25 | 卤酸盐电池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1139298A CN1139298A (zh) | 1997-01-01 |
CN1095210C true CN1095210C (zh) | 2002-11-27 |
Family
ID=5122610
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN96115341A Expired - Fee Related CN1095210C (zh) | 1996-05-25 | 1996-05-25 | 卤酸盐电池 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN1095210C (zh) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4473625A (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1984-09-25 | The Furukawa Electric Company, Ltd. | Zinc-halogen battery |
-
1996
- 1996-05-25 CN CN96115341A patent/CN1095210C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4473625A (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1984-09-25 | The Furukawa Electric Company, Ltd. | Zinc-halogen battery |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1139298A (zh) | 1997-01-01 |
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