CN109520466A - A kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position - Google Patents
A kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position Download PDFInfo
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- CN109520466A CN109520466A CN201811523623.1A CN201811523623A CN109520466A CN 109520466 A CN109520466 A CN 109520466A CN 201811523623 A CN201811523623 A CN 201811523623A CN 109520466 A CN109520466 A CN 109520466A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
- G01C1/02—Theodolites
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position sets station precision with effectively improve elevation, meets Free Station requirement, thus improve set station efficiency and setting stand firm it is qualitative.Include the following steps: 1. to select suitable position, sets up total station, then flatten；2. manually aiming at two backsight points, the backsight point then observed required for overall position measurement；3. calculating direction value, distance, vertical angle, index error of vertical circle, then carries out three-dimensional adjustment calculating and set website coordinate, precision, grid azimuth；4. according to correction, power is iterated to calculate surely again, and until power no longer changes, the three-dimensional adjustment calculating that output sets website sets website coordinate, precision, grid azimuth；5. after the completion of setting station, index error of vertical circle amendment being carried out before single-deck position measures when viewpoint, then calculates the three-dimensional coordinate of the point.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surveying and mapping technology, in particular to a kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position.
Background technique
Currently, common Free Station with Total Station electronic Thacheometer generally uses total station to carry out setting station from tape program, total station is required
Free Station can be achieved below leveling state.Half disk position of total station measures more than two known points, using resection method
It calculates and sets website coordinate.Meanwhile being provided by " High Speed Rail Projects specifications of surveys " (TB10601-2009), usually in total station
It can be transfinited a little, then be recalculated until all indexs are conformed to using manual type rejecting as needed when Free Station
It asks.Currently, total station often uses half disk position mode to carry out Free Station from tape program, if total station index error of vertical circle is larger
When, if the true elevation at station differs greatly with practical elevation, it is unsatisfactory for Free Station requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of Free Station methods based on the measurement of overall position, with effective
Ground improves elevation and sets station precision, meets Free Station requirement, thus improve set station efficiency and setting stand firm it is qualitative.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:
A kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position of the invention, includes the following steps:
1. selecting suitable position, total station is set up, is then flattened；
2. manually aiming at two backsight points, the backsight point then observed required for overall position measurement；
3. calculating direction value, distance, vertical angle, index error of vertical circle, then carries out three-dimensional adjustment calculating and set website coordinate, essence
Degree, grid azimuth；
4. according to correction, power is iterated to calculate surely again, and until power no longer changes, the three-dimensional adjustment that output sets website is calculated
If website coordinate, precision, grid azimuth；
5. after the completion of setting station, index error of vertical circle amendment being carried out before single-deck position measures when viewpoint, then calculates the three-dimensional of the point
Coordinate.
The invention has the advantages that Setting Station of Total Station Instrument precision can be effectively improved by setting station by overall position, by changing
Positive number weighs iteration surely again, reduce artificial reconnaissance it is inconsistent set station difference, improve and set station efficiency and setting and stand firm qualitative, drop
The low measurement level requirement to field operation operator, to achieve the purpose that save the cost.
Detailed description of the invention
This specification includes following width attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the observation schematic diagram of Free Station.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
There are mainly two types of the data processing methods of Free Station with Total Station electronic Thacheometer, and one is the resections airborne based on total station
Program carries out real-time live resolving, and this method is fairly simple, easy to operate, but computation model is not rigorous, is suitable for setting station essence
Really application of less demanding；One is being resolved using three-dimensional rigorous adjustment methods, on this theoretical method relatively rigorously, but
Need off-line data processing.In the construction process, because of factors such as the demands of construction efficiency and operability, the data of measurement are often needed
Carry out live resolving, real-time instruction construction operation, therefore at present in actual job mainly or using first method into
Row real-time resolving Free Station.But when carrying Free Station program using total station and carrying out setting station, generally use single-deck of facing left
Position measurement；Index error of vertical circle if it exists, the influence of the systematic errors such as index error of vertical circle cannot be eliminated by causing to face left to set to stand.Using this
The invention overall position sets station, i.e., faces left and the right measurement of disk simultaneously, then can eliminate the System level gray correlations such as index error of vertical circle, 2C mutual deviation
It influences.
A kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position of the invention, includes the following steps:
1. selecting suitable position, total station is set up, is then flattened；
2. manually aiming at two backsight points, the backsight point then observed required for overall position measurement；
3. calculating direction value, distance, vertical angle, index error of vertical circle, then carries out three-dimensional adjustment calculating and set website coordinate, essence
Degree, grid azimuth；
4. according to correction, power is iterated to calculate surely again, and until power no longer changes, the three-dimensional adjustment that output sets website is calculated
If website coordinate, precision, grid azimuth；
5. after the completion of setting station, index error of vertical circle amendment being carried out before single-deck position measures when viewpoint, then calculates the three-dimensional of the point
Coordinate.
It is oblique distance, horizontal direction and zenith distance that raw observation obtained is measured during Free Station with Total Station electronic Thacheometer, if
The coordinate for selecting point to be located is unknown parameter, then the relationship established between observation and unknown parameter is non-thread shape function.By indirect
Adjustment principle need to first calculate the approximate coordinate of point to be located, to facilitate drawing up for error equation.Point to be located during Free Station
Website is as set, the calculating for setting website approximate coordinate is described in detail below.
In Fig. 1, it is assumed that set up total station in point P and observe two known point of i, j respectively, observation is respectively oblique distance SPi、SPj,
Zenith distance APi、APj, horizontal direction LPi、LPj, ∠ Pij is ∠ P ' ij ' in the projected angle of X/Y plane, it calculates such as formula (1):
In formula: DP′i=SPisinAPi；
DP′j=SPjsinAPj；
The grid azimuth in the direction ij is calculated such as formula (2):
And then the grid azimuth in the direction survey station point P to i can be calculated are as follows:
TPi=Tij-∠P′ij′±180° (3)
Finally, the approximate coordinate computation such as formula (4) of survey station point P:
Since Free Station usually has excess observation, the three-dimensional tight seat of website is then set according to indirect adjustment calculating
Mark.Known according to formula (4), if the precision of website depends primarily on the observation of known point coordinate precision, distance, horizontal angle, zenith distance
Precision.Due to known coordinate precision set station before it has been determined that it is therefore subsequent in use, set website coordinate calculating correctness and
Precision is mainly determined by the accuracy of observation of distance, horizontal angle, zenith distance.According to the rule of " High Speed Rail Projects specifications of surveys " ranging
Fixed, round-trip distance is observed between the survey time apart from observation tolerance 1mm in the survey time, therefore a small range is higher apart from accuracy of observation.
After first time adjustment, it is known that the difference of the adjusted value calculated after the design value and adjustment of point according to formula (4) carries out
Again it weighs surely, a kind of mode weighed surely is formula (5).Surely power mode can there are many kinds of, it is therefore an objective to automation pick a little, make all
Data play the role of it is due so that it is unique to set website achievement.
Wherein,KiIndicate the design value of known point,Indicate the adjusted value of known point.
The observation handbook of the survey time of point 3 of certain apparatus measures 4 is as shown in table 1.
1 horizontal angle of table, zenith distance measurement observation handbook
As shown in Table 1,2C the and 2C mutual deviation of this instrument is smaller, and index error of vertical circle average value is -9.4 ", and different directions
There is certain difference, 3 survey time observation index error of vertical circle of the same point are more stable.Therefore it is free single-deck position to be carried out using this instrument
If stand, due to vertical angular measurement inaccuracy, if elevation accuracy is poor when station.
If after the completion of standing, the coordinate and elevation of viewpoint before calculating according to formula (4) should carry out perpendicular disk and refer to when calculating elevation
Mark difference amendment.
Survey time measurement is carried out to 12 points after the leveling of certain instrument, observation is as shown in table 2:
2 horizontal angle of table, zenith distance, oblique distance measurement observation handbook
The achievement at control point used above is as shown in table 3:
3 control point outcome table of table
| Point number | Coordinate X (mm) | Coordinate Y (mm) | Elevation H (mm) |
| 1042303 | 2765222.3682 | 542529.2111 | 1863.2663 |
| 1042305 | 2765201.5752 | 542587.0136 | 1863.0954 |
| 1042307 | 2765181.2679 | 542643.3324 | 1862.9062 |
| 1042308 | 2765170.4939 | 542639.4373 | 1862.9704 |
| 1042306 | 2765190.8118 | 542583.2014 | 1863.1602 |
| 1042304 | 2765211.7895 | 542525.3467 | 1863.1982 |
| 1042302 | 2765237.2964 | 542457.9586 | 1863.0670 |
| 1041334 | 2765259.1046 | 542393.9526 | 1863.1504 |
| 1041332 | 2765279.2431 | 542338.0980 | 1862.8359 |
| 1041331 | 2765289.9077 | 542342.3064 | 1862.9850 |
| 1041333 | 2765269.9510 | 542397.4485 | 1863.1901 |
| 1042301 | 2765245.8234 | 542460.9529 | 1863.0531 |
A survey time, which can be calculated separately out, according to the above table 2, table 3 sets website achievement are as follows:
2765226.6109,542494.4432,1863.8846；
It faces left and sets station achievement are as follows: 2765226.6112,542494.4432,1863.8820.
From a survey time set station with face left set stand achievement in terms of, plane achievement difference very little, elevation difference has reached 2.6mm.If
Face left using this instrument setting station, sets the correlation that station height value will not be able to satisfy in " High Speed Rail Projects specifications of surveys "
It is required that.
The above is some principles of the invention that explain through diagrams, and is not intended to for the present invention to be confined to shown and institute
In the specific structure and the scope of application stated, therefore all corresponding modifications that may be utilized and equivalent, belong to this hair
Bright applied the scope of the patents.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position, includes the following steps:
1. selecting suitable position, total station is set up, is then flattened；
2. manually aiming at two backsight points, the backsight point then observed required for overall position measurement；
3. calculate direction value, distance, vertical angle, index error of vertical circle, then carry out three-dimensional adjustment calculating set website coordinate, precision,
Grid azimuth；
4. according to correction, power is iterated to calculate surely again, and until power is not changing, the three-dimensional adjustment calculating that output sets website sets station
Point coordinate, precision, grid azimuth；
5. after the completion of setting station, index error of vertical circle amendment being carried out before single-deck position measures when viewpoint, then calculates the three-dimensional coordinate of the point.
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| CN201811523623.1A CN109520466A (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | A kind of Free Station method based on the measurement of overall position |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109883406A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-14 | 江西日月明测控科技股份有限公司 | Calculation method and system based on the total station outline pose less put |
| CN110174095A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-27 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of total station and its measurement horizontal angle method of digital image centering |
| CN110230486A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-13 | 陕西澄合山阳煤矿有限公司 | A method of calibration driving middle line |
| CN112113547A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-22 | 四川道通达工程技术有限公司 | Method for establishing self-adaptive control network |
| CN113212491A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-08-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Station setting measurement method for evaluating smoothness of track line |
| CN113503856A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-15 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Tunnel trolley positioning measurement method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109883406A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-14 | 江西日月明测控科技股份有限公司 | Calculation method and system based on the total station outline pose less put |
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| CN110230486A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-13 | 陕西澄合山阳煤矿有限公司 | A method of calibration driving middle line |
| CN112113547A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-22 | 四川道通达工程技术有限公司 | Method for establishing self-adaptive control network |
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| CN113212491B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-03-25 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Station setting measurement method for evaluating smoothness of track line |
| CN113503856A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-15 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Tunnel trolley positioning measurement method and system |
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