CN109513944A - The method that plasma rotating electrode prepares copper alloy powder - Google Patents
The method that plasma rotating electrode prepares copper alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN109513944A CN109513944A CN201811245678.0A CN201811245678A CN109513944A CN 109513944 A CN109513944 A CN 109513944A CN 201811245678 A CN201811245678 A CN 201811245678A CN 109513944 A CN109513944 A CN 109513944A
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- powder
- copper alloy
- rotating electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that plasma rotating electrode prepares copper alloy powder, first carry out ingredient according to the stoicheiometry of copper alloy composition, and melting forging machine is fabricated into alloy bar；Alloy bar is placed in plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus, after evacuating to equipment powder room, is filled with inert protective gas；Open equipment, ultrahigh speed alloy bar is fused into liquid under the heating of plasma arc heat source, and under the action of the centrifugal force, liquid is dished out and is crushed as high temperature fine drop, droplet is solidified into spherical shape under the surface tension effects of rapid condensation process, falls into powder catcher.The present invention prepares copper alloy powder using high speed plasma rotating electrode processing, copper alloy powder sphericity obtained is high, particle size range is narrow, few hollow powder and satellite powder, gas inclusions are few simultaneously, powder properties are high, with excellent physics, chemistry and comprehensive mechanical property, especially suitable for being used in electron beam powdering formula increasing material manufacturing technique.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation processes of increasing material manufacturing copper alloy powder raw material, and in particular to plasma electric rotating
The method that pole prepares electronics beam shaping copper alloy powder.
Background technique
Increases material manufacturing technology with the characteristics of digitlization, networking, personalization, customization quickly changes traditional life
Production mode and life style certainly will push the third time industrial revolution.In recent years, increasing material manufacturing equipment graduallyd mature, but used at present
It is few in the material category of increasing material manufacturing, performance is unstable, become restrict the technology development and application bottleneck problem.Currently, more
The high-end metal powder that number customizes depends on import, and raw material and equipment are often bundled high price sales volume by foreign vendor,
Greatly constrain the development of China's increases material manufacturing technology.
Currently, electron beam and laser become mainstream, and it requires pole to powdering for powdering formula metal increasing material manufacturing
Height, for example, require powder fluidity is good, particle diameter and pattern are reasonably combined, ingredient will uniformly, powdering want it is smooth etc. require；This
The chemical and physical properties stabilization of the realization required a bit, powder is premise.
It is all kinds of that high-performance metal component increasing material manufacturing needs that thin and narrow partial size, uniform particle sizes, sphericity is high, oxygen content is low
Metal powder, and only mating suitable metal powder material can just produce the part that structure precision is high, mechanical property is good,
The utilization rate of material can also be significantly improved simultaneously, reduces manufacturing cost, shorten the production cycle.Therefore, research and development are adapted to increase material
The metal powder material of manufacture is one of developing direction and major impetus of its technology.Currently, most units are using conventional spray
Powder is applied to replace, there are many unworthiness.The country is limited by technology of preparing, and powder is primarily present following problems, comprising:
(1) stability of powdered ingredients (oxygen content is mingled with quantity, component segregation)；(2) stability (granularity point of powder physical property
Cloth, sphericity, mobility, pine dress ratio etc.).Mostly use gas-atomized powder technology greatly at present, resulting powder sphericity is low, satellite
Ball is more, poor fluidity.
Compared to gas atomization, plasma rotating electrode flouring technology can not be polluted by fusion crucible and others,
Finished powder is pure, reaches high-cleanness, high finished product rate requirement.
Such as 106853536 A(application number 201611174431.5 of Chinese patent literature CN) disclose and a kind of prepare 3D
The method that CoCrWMo alloy spherical powder is used in printing, comprising the following steps: 1) using the secondary and above vacuum consumable induction melting
CoCrWMo cast alloy bar is made, and is finish-machined to alloy bar；2) to the powder room processed of plasma rotation electrode powder manufacturing apparatus
After suction, 0.7~0.9MPa of He, Ar mixed gas is filled with to powder room processed；3) plasma gun electric current is 1100~1500A,
Voltage is 50~65V, and the revolving speed of alloy bar is 14000~18000r/min, the distance between plasma gun and alloy bar
Alloy stick end for 30~50mm, ultrahigh speed rotation is fused into liquid under the action of coaxial plasma arc heating source
Film, and throw away to electrode tip outer rim, be crushed balling-up in the sky and quickly solidify under the action of the centrifugal force, it eventually falls under powder room processed
CoCrWMo alloy spherical powder is made in the powder catcher of side.
Summary of the invention
Electronics beam shaping is prepared technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of plasma rotating electrode to be closed with copper
The method at bronze end.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is a kind of method that plasma rotating electrode prepares copper alloy powder, including
Following steps:
1. the chemical composition according to copper alloy powder to be prepared carries out ingredient, after obtaining ingot casting using vacuum induction melting
It forges again, is machined into manufacturing into the forging state alloy bar of dense structure.
2. 1. alloy bar that step is prepared is placed in plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus as electrode, to equipment system
After powder room is evacuated, it is filled with inert protective gas.
3. opening plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus, setting alloy bar revolving speed is the r/min of 9000r/min~20000,
Plasma gun 1400~2000A of electric current, 30~110V of voltage, rifle is 3 ± 0.5mm at a distance from bar, and feeding rate is less than
1mm/s；Ultrahigh speed alloy bar is fused into liquid under the heating of plasma arc heat source, and in the high-speed rotating centrifugation masterpiece of electrode
Under, liquid is dished out and is crushed as high temperature fine drop, droplet solidifies under the surface tension effects of rapid condensation process
At spherical shape, powder catcher is fallen into, copper alloy powder obtained is screened and is vacuum-packed as required after complete cooling.
Step 1. in alloy bar material specifications parameter be 40~60mm of diameter, 400~900mm of length, surface roughness≤
3.2 μm, relative density >=95% of alloy bar.
Step is 2. middle to be vacuumized using the pump housing, after vacuum degree reaches the X 10-3Pa of 1X10-3Pa~10, is filled with
Argon helium protective gas, argon gas account for 15%~25%, and surplus is helium, and the pressure in equipment is made to reach the X of 0.1X105Pa~1
105Pa, oxygen content≤0.1wt% in atmosphere.
Step 2. in the argon helium protective gas that is filled with, argon gas accounts for 20%.
Step 3. powder processed when, alloy bar revolving speed be the r/min of 12000r/min~20000, plasma gun electric current 1600~
2000A, 90~110V of voltage.
Step 3. powder processed when, rifle at a distance from bar be 3mm, feeding rate 0.8mm/s.
1. forging state alloy bar that step is prepared is Aluminum Bronze alloy bar.
The present invention has the effect of positive:
(1) present invention prepares copper alloy powder, copper alloy powder sphericity obtained using high speed plasma rotating electrode processing
It is high (98% or more), narrow without high-temperature oxydation, particle size range, few hollow powder and satellite powder, while gas inclusions are few, powder properties are high,
With excellent physics, chemistry and comprehensive mechanical property, especially suitable for being used in electron beam powdering formula increasing material manufacturing technique.
The present invention, which controls the parameters such as revolving speed, Current Voltage, can control powder size, the yield rate and life of copper alloy powder
It produces high-efficient.
(2) processing performances such as copper alloy powder mobility prepared by the present invention, apparent density, tap density are good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of copper alloy powder prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the high power scanned photograph of copper alloy powder prepared by embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
(embodiment 1)
Referring to Fig. 1, the plasma rotating electrode of the present embodiment prepare the method for copper alloy powder the following steps are included:
1. according to copper alloy powder to be prepared composition (mass fraction) Al 9%~13%, Ni 12%~18%, Fe 8%~
12%, the stoicheiometry that surplus is Cu carries out ingredient (being Al 11.9%, Ni 15%, Fe 10%, surplus Cu in the present embodiment).
Providing copper alloy concrete composition herein is only example, and the method for the present invention can also prepare the copper alloy powder of other compositions
End.
It is forged again after obtaining ingot casting using vacuum induction melting, is machined into manufacturing into the forging state alloy of dense structure
Bar, it be in 40~60mm(the present embodiment is 50mm that alloy bar material specifications parameter, which is diameter), length is 400~900mm
(being 400mm in the present embodiment), surface roughness≤3.2 μm (being 0.8 μm in the present embodiment), the relative density of alloy bar
≥95%。
2. 1. alloy bar that step is prepared is placed in plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus as electrode, to equipment system
After powder room is evacuated, it is filled with inert protective gas.
Detailed process is to be vacuumized using the pump housing, when vacuum degree reaches this reality of the X 10-3Pa(of 1X10-3Pa~10
Applying is 6 X 10-3Pa in example) after, it is filled with argon helium protective gas, it is 20%) surplus that argon gas, which accounts in 15%~25%(the present embodiment,
For helium, reach the pressure in equipment in the X 105Pa(the present embodiment of 0.1X105Pa~1 for 0.6X105Pa), in atmosphere
Oxygen content≤0.1wt%.
3. opening plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus, alloy bar revolving speed is set are as follows: the r/min of 9000r/min~20000
(being 12000r/min in the present embodiment), plasma gun electric current and voltage are respectively as follows: in electric current 1400~2000A(the present embodiment
It is 90V in voltage 30~110V(the present embodiment for 1600A)), 9000~11000 DEG C of plasma arc temperature, between rifle and bar
Distance be in 3 ± 0.5mm(the present embodiment be 3mm), it is 0.8mm/s in 1mm/s(the present embodiment that feeding rate, which is less than).
Ultrahigh speed alloy bar is fused into liquid under the heating of plasma arc heat source, and in the high-speed rotating centrifugal force of electrode
Under effect, liquid is dished out and is crushed as high temperature fine drop, droplet is solid under the surface tension effects of rapid condensation process
Chemical conversion is spherical, falls into powder catcher, the Aluminum Bronze alloy powder of system is screened and is vacuum-packed as required after complete cooling.
Through detecting, the mobility of copper alloy powder is 16.3s, apparent density 4.45g/cm3, tap density 4.6g/
cm3.It being detected through particle size analyzer, the particle size range of copper alloy powder manufactured in the present embodiment is 45~105 μm, 74 μm of average grain diameter,
Powder sphericity 98%.
Stereoscan photograph before 3. copper alloy powder that step obtains is not sieved is shown in Fig. 2, wherein single copper alloy powder
Stereoscan photograph is shown in Fig. 3.
From Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as it can be seen that copper alloy powder sphericity prepared by the present invention is high, particle size range is narrow, few hollow powder and defend
Star powder, powder properties are high, have excellent physics, chemistry and comprehensive mechanical property, especially suitable for increasing in electron beam powdering formula
Manufacture process uses.
Due to using mixed inert protective gas, can be effectively reduced the oxygen content of metal powder, reduce powder chemistry at
The microscopic segregation divided, guarantees the chemical component uniformity of spherical powder.
For the present embodiment powder after the screening of 325 mesh screens, 45~105 μm of powder yield is 42%.
(embodiment 2)
The plasma rotating electrode of the present embodiment prepares the method for copper alloy powder, and remaining is same as Example 1, and difference exists
In:
3. open plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus, be arranged alloy bar revolving speed are as follows: 20000r/min, plasma gun electric current and
Voltage is respectively as follows: electric current 2000A, and voltage 110V, rifle and bar short distance are 3mm, and feeding rate is less than 1mm/s.
For the present embodiment powder after the screening of 325 mesh screens, 45~105 μm of powder yield is 53%.
Above description is several in multiple possible embodiments of the invention, it is desirable to provide to of the invention basic
Solution, it is no intended to confirm crucial or conclusive element of the invention or limit scope of the claimed.It is readily appreciated that, according to this
The technical solution of invention, in the case where not changing connotation of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can propose can be mutual
Other implementations of replacement.Therefore, following specific embodiments and attached drawing are only the examples to technical solution of the present invention
Property explanation, and be not to be construed as whole of the invention or be considered as to define or limit technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that plasma rotating electrode prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1. the chemical composition according to copper alloy powder to be prepared carries out ingredient, after obtaining ingot casting using vacuum induction melting
It forges again, is machined into manufacturing into the forging state alloy bar of dense structure；
2. 1. alloy bar that step is prepared is placed in plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus as electrode, to equipment powder room
After being evacuated, it is filled with inert protective gas；
3. open plasma rotating electrode powder manufacturing apparatus, setting alloy bar revolving speed be the r/min of 9000r/min~20000, wait from
1400~2000A of sub- rifle electric current, 30~110V of voltage, rifle is 3 ± 0.5mm at a distance from bar, and feeding rate is less than 1mm/s；
Ultrahigh speed alloy bar is fused into liquid under the heating of plasma arc heat source, and under the high-speed rotating centrifugal force effect of electrode,
Liquid is dished out and is crushed as high temperature fine drop, droplet solidifies balling-up under the surface tension effects of rapid condensation process
Shape, falls into powder catcher, and copper alloy powder obtained is screened and is vacuum-packed as required after complete cooling.
2. the method that plasma rotating electrode according to claim 1 prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that: step is 1.
In alloy bar material specifications parameter be 40~60mm of diameter, 400~900mm of length, surface roughness≤3.2 μm, alloy bar
Relative density >=95%.
3. the method that plasma rotating electrode according to claim 1 prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that: step is 2.
It is middle to be vacuumized using the pump housing, when vacuum degree reaches 1X10-3Pa~1010-3After Pa, it is filled with argon helium protective gas, argon gas
15%~25% is accounted for, surplus is helium, and the pressure in equipment is made to reach 0.1X105Pa~1105Pa, oxygen content in atmosphere≤
0.1wt%。
4. the method that plasma rotating electrode according to claim 2 prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that: step is 2.
In in the argon helium protective gas that is filled with, argon gas accounts for 20%.
5. the method that plasma rotating electrode according to claim 1 prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that: step
3. when powder processed, alloy bar revolving speed be the r/min of 12000r/min~20000, plasma gun 1600~2000A of electric current, voltage 90~
110V。
6. the method that plasma rotating electrode according to claim 5 prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that: step
3. when powder processed, rifle is 3mm, feeding rate 0.8mm/s at a distance from bar.
7. the method that plasma rotating electrode according to claim 1 prepares copper alloy powder, it is characterised in that: step is 1.
The forging state alloy bar of preparation is Aluminum Bronze alloy bar.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110405220A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-11-05 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A method of GRCop-84 spherical powder is prepared based on plasma rotating atomization |
| CN110802236A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-18 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Device and method for preparing fine-grain-size metal powder through local melting of particles |
| CN110961645A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-04-07 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | New method for green recovery and reprocessing of metal to generate spherical composite powder |
| WO2021179431A1 (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-09-16 | 深圳航科新材料有限公司 | Multielement alloy powder and fast preparation method therefor |
| CN115351287A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-18 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing K465 high-temperature alloy powder by plasma rotating electrode |
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| CN115351287A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-18 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing K465 high-temperature alloy powder by plasma rotating electrode |
| CN115351287B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-01-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing K465 high-temperature alloy powder by using plasma rotating electrode |
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