CN109513462B - Catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109513462B
CN109513462B CN201811356768.7A CN201811356768A CN109513462B CN 109513462 B CN109513462 B CN 109513462B CN 201811356768 A CN201811356768 A CN 201811356768A CN 109513462 B CN109513462 B CN 109513462B
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CN109513462A (en
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仇茉
漆新华
王晓琦
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Agro Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture
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    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/1691—Coordination polymers, e.g. metal-organic frameworks [MOF]
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    • B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
    • B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • B01J31/2239—Bridging ligands, e.g. OAc in Cr2(OAc)4, Pt4(OAc)8 or dicarboxylate ligands
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
    • B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201—Impregnation
    • B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/16—Reducing
    • B01J37/18—Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
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    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
    • B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
    • B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
    • B01J37/346—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of microwave energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/40—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
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    • B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
    • B01J2231/64—Reductions in general of organic substrates, e.g. hydride reductions or hydrogenations
    • B01J2231/641—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes
    • B01J2231/643—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes of R2C=O or R2C=NR (R= C, H)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/30—Complexes comprising metals of Group III (IIIA or IIIB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/31—Aluminium

Abstract

A catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention utilizes the product AlPO after aluminum phosphate roasting4The induced space occupying effect of (1) successfully loads pure-phase MIL-100(Al) to SiO in a short time2(or MCM-41, SBA-15, etc.) on an inorganic material support to obtain MIL-100(Al) @ SiO2And the like; and then packaging palladium chloride in a MIL-100(Al) cage by adopting an isometric impregnation method, and obtaining the high-activity and high-selectivity 5-hydroxymethylfurfural hydrogenation catalyst by further reduction and ammoniation treatment. The method can greatly reduce the particle size of MIL-100(Al), shorten the mass transfer and diffusion path of reaction molecules, greatly improve the utilization efficiency of noble metal palladium and solve the problem of separating the catalyst from a liquid phase.

Description

Catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention provides a catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic conversion of biomass resources.
Background
Compared with the traditional porous materials, metal organic framework Materials (MOFs) have attracted great attention of researchers because of their advantages such as very high specific surface area, large porosity, adjustable structure and pore channels, and chemical diversity. Research results show that MOFs have good application prospects in the aspects of gas storage and separation, catalysis, adsorption, sensing, light, electricity and magnetism, drug slow release and the like. Among them, aluminum-based MIL-n (al) materials are used as a carrier of catalysts in many catalytic reactions due to their high hydrothermal structural stability. Of these, MIL-96(Al) and MIL-100(Al) are highly susceptible to phase mixing during synthesis due to having the same secondary structural unit. As a result of the studies, MIL-96(Al) was found to be a thermodynamically stable phase, while MIL-100(Al) was found to be a kinetic intermediate phase (N.A. khan, et Al. Micropor. MeOPO. mater.,2012,152: 235-) -239.). MIL-100(Al) is more difficult to synthesize than MIL-96 (Al). However, MIL-100(Al) has larger specific surface area and more Lewis acid sites than MIL-96(Al), so that the application value is higher. The MIL-100(Al) synthesized by the traditional liquid phase method has a generally large particle size (about 200nm), and although the large particle size is beneficial to the separation of the MIL-100(Al) from a liquid phase, the mass transfer diffusion of reaction molecules is not beneficial when precious metals are packaged as catalysts; resulting in a large fraction of the noble metal nanoparticles encapsulated inside MIL-100(Al) of large particle size also not being able to function effectively. How to greatly reduce the particle size of MIL-100(Al), and simultaneously, the MIL-100(Al) can be easily separated from a liquid phase is a difficult problem in the aspect of catalytic application of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of loss of active components of a hydrogenation catalyst and further improve the activity of the catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the selectivity of a target product, and provides a catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention utilizes the product AlPO after aluminum phosphate roasting4The induced space occupying effect of (1) successfully loads pure-phase MIL-100(Al) to SiO in a short time2(or MCM-41, SBA-15, etc.) on an inorganic material support to obtain MIL-100(Al) @ SiO2And the like; and then packaging palladium chloride in a MIL-100(Al) cage by adopting an isometric impregnation method, and obtaining the high-activity and high-selectivity 5-hydroxymethylfurfural hydrogenation catalyst by further reduction and ammoniation treatment. The method can greatly reduce the particle size of MIL-100(Al), shorten the mass transfer and diffusion path of reaction molecules, greatly improve the utilization efficiency of noble metal palladium, and simultaneously solve the problem of catalyst separation from a liquid phaseAnd (4) separating the hard particles.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving phosphate in deionized water under the stirring state at room temperature, adding aluminum nitrate after the phosphate is dissolved, continuously stirring for 10-30min, then dropwise adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be within the range of 2-3, continuously stirring for at least 30min, then soaking the solution into a carrier by using an isometric impregnation method, then drying the carrier soaked with the mixed solution at 80 ℃ for at least 5h, and then heating to 120 ℃ until the carrier is dried; then, putting the sample into a muffle furnace to be roasted for at least 2h at 500 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a precursor A; wherein the molar ratio of the phosphate to the aluminum nitrate is 1: 1;
(2) under the state of stirring at room temperature, dissolving aluminum nitrate and trimesic acid into deionized water to obtain a solution B; stirring for at least 30min, adding the precursor A, stirring for at least 10min, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for at least 10min under ultrasonic conditions to obtain slurry C; wherein the molar ratio of the aluminum nitrate to the trimesic acid to the deionized water is 1.2:1: 350-500; the mass ratio of the precursor A to the solution B is 0.05-0.2: 1;
(3) transferring the slurry C into a quartz microwave reaction tube, then placing the quartz microwave reaction tube into a microwave synthesizer, controlling the microwave power to be 200W and the pressure to be 50-150psi, heating to 150 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, maintaining for 5min, heating to 190 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, continuing to react for 10-20min, cooling, then carrying out suction filtration and separation on the product, fully washing the obtained solid with deionized water, and then drying the washed solid at 120 ℃ to obtain a sample D;
(4) soaking a palladium chloride solution into the sample D by adopting an isometric soaking method, sealing and standing for at least 3h, drying at 120 ℃, transferring to a tubular furnace, reducing at 300-350 ℃ for at least 1h in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to 150 ℃, and adding 10% NH3Treating for at least 3h under the mixed gas of Ar and then cooling to room temperature under the blowing of Ar to obtain the required catalyst.
The carrier in the step (1) is MCM-41,SBA-15 or SiO2One or more of them.
The phosphate is one or more of ammonium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
In the step (4), the mass ratio of the palladium chloride in the palladium chloride solution to the sample D is 0.1-3% to 1.
The invention also provides a catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which is prepared by the method.
The invention also provides an application of the catalyst, the catalyst is applied to a kettle type hydrogenation reactor to catalyze the hydrogenation reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and the catalytic reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature range is 120-250 ℃, the hydrogen pressure is 0.5-3.0 MPa, and the catalyst amount accounts for 0.3-3% of the mass of the liquid raw material.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) impregnation of aluminum phosphate into SiO by impregnation2The product AlPO after roasting by utilizing aluminum phosphate on an inorganic carrier4The microwave synthesis method is utilized to successfully load pure-phase MIL-100(Al) to SiO in a short time2(or MCM-41, SBA-15, etc.) on an inorganic material support to obtain MIL-100(Al) @ SiO2And the like.
(2) The preparation method provided by the invention can greatly reduce the particle size of MIL-100(Al), shorten the mass transfer and diffusion path of reaction molecules, greatly improve the utilization efficiency of noble metal palladium, and simultaneously solve the separation problem of the catalyst from the liquid phase.
(3) The invention provides a method for reducing the temperature of a catalyst to 150 ℃ after hydrogen reduction and then reducing the temperature to 10% NH3Treating for at least 3 hours under the mixed gas of/Ar, wherein the step is to perform ammoniation treatment on ligand trimesic acid on the surface of MIL-100 (Al); it can enhance the adsorption capacity of the raw material 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the hydrogenation intermediate thereof, thereby improving the selectivity of the product 2, 5-Dimethyloltetrahydrofuran (DHMTHF).
Drawings
FIG. 1: CAT-1 prepared in example 1 (i.e., catalystPt/MIL-100(Al)@SiO2) XRD pattern of (a).
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now make further detailed descriptions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following examples are only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the practice of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
(1) dissolving 1.32g (0.01mol) of diammonium hydrogen phosphate in 25g of deionized water under stirring at room temperature, adding 3.75g (0.01mol) of aluminum nitrate (aluminum nitrate nonahydrate) after the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is dissolved, continuing stirring for 10min, then dropwise adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 2, continuing stirring for 30min, and then soaking the solution into 5g of gas-phase SiO by using an isometric soaking method2Drying the carrier soaked with the mixed solution at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, and then heating to 120 ℃ until the carrier is dried; then, putting the sample into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 2 hours at 500 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain a precursor A;
(2) under the state of stirring at room temperature, 7.7g of aluminum nitrate and 3.6g of trimesic acid are dissolved into 108g of deionized water to obtain a solution B; stirring for 30min, adding the precursor A, stirring for 10min, and performing ultrasonic dispersion under ultrasonic condition for 10min to obtain slurry C;
(3) transferring the slurry C into a quartz microwave reaction tube, then placing the quartz microwave reaction tube into a microwave synthesizer, controlling the microwave power to be 200W and the pressure to be 50psi, heating to 150 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, maintaining for 5min, heating to 190 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, continuing to react for 10min, cooling, then carrying out suction filtration and separation on the product, fully washing the obtained solid with deionized water, and then drying the washed solid at 120 ℃ to obtain a sample D;
(4) soaking a palladium chloride solution into a sample D (the mass ratio of the palladium chloride to the sample D is 0.1%: 1) by adopting an equal-volume soaking method, sealing and standing for at least 3h, drying at 120 ℃, then transferring to a tubular furnace, and carrying out hydrogen atmosphere at 350 ℃ in the presence of hydrogenReducing for 1h, then cooling to 150 ℃ at 10% NH3Treating for 3 hours under the mixed gas of Ar and then blowing Ar to reduce the temperature to room temperature to obtain the required catalyst, which is numbered as CAT-1.
Example 2
The procedure is as in example 1, except that SiO is introduced in the gas phase2The carrier is replaced by MCM-41 molecular sieve carrier, and the obtained catalyst is numbered as CAT-2.
Example 3
The procedure is as in example 1, except that SiO is introduced in the gas phase2The carrier is replaced by SBA-15 molecular sieve carrier, and the obtained catalyst is numbered as CAT-3.
Example 4
The preparation procedure was the same as in example 1 except that the mass of aluminum nitrate in step (2) was changed to 5.4g and the mass of trimesic acid was changed to 2.5g, and the catalyst obtained was named CAT-4.
Example 5
(1) Dissolving 1.32g (0.01mol) of diammonium hydrogen phosphate in 25g of deionized water under stirring at room temperature, adding 3.75g (0.01mol) of aluminum nitrate (aluminum nitrate nonahydrate) after the diammonium hydrogen phosphate is dissolved, continuing stirring for 10min, then dropwise adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be 2, continuing stirring for 30min, and then soaking the solution into 5g of gas-phase SiO by using an isometric soaking method2Drying the carrier soaked with the mixed solution at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, and then heating to 120 ℃ until the carrier is dried; then, putting the sample into a muffle furnace to be roasted for 2 hours at 500 ℃ in the air atmosphere to obtain a precursor A;
(2) under stirring at room temperature, 1.9g of aluminum nitrate and 0.9g of trimesic acid were dissolved in 27g of deionized water to obtain a solution B; stirring for 30min, adding the precursor A, stirring for 10min, and performing ultrasonic dispersion under ultrasonic condition for 10min to obtain slurry C;
(3) transferring the slurry C into a quartz microwave reaction tube, then placing the quartz microwave reaction tube into a microwave synthesizer, controlling the microwave power to be 200W and the pressure to be 50psi, heating to 150 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, maintaining for 5min, heating to 190 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, continuing to react for 10min, cooling, then carrying out suction filtration and separation on the product, fully washing the obtained solid with deionized water, and then drying the washed solid at 120 ℃ to obtain a sample D;
(4) soaking a palladium chloride solution into a sample D (the mass ratio of the palladium chloride to the sample D is 0.1%: 1) by adopting an equal-volume soaking method, sealing and standing for at least 3h, drying at 120 ℃, transferring to a tubular furnace, reducing for 1h at 350 ℃ in a hydrogen atmosphere, reducing to 150 ℃ in 10% NH3Treating for 3 hours under the mixed gas of/Ar, and then blowing Ar to reduce the temperature to room temperature to obtain the required catalyst, wherein the number of the catalyst is CAT-5.
Example 6
The preparation procedure was the same as in example 5 except that the mass of aluminum nitrate in the step (2) was changed to 1.4g and the mass of trimesic acid was changed to 0.6g, and the catalyst obtained was named as CAT-6.
Example 7
The procedure was the same as in example 5 except that the ratio by mass of the palladium chloride in step (4) to that of sample D was 1%: 1, and the catalyst obtained was named CAT-7.
Example 8
The procedure was as in example 5 except that the diamine hydrogen phosphate in step (1) was changed to 1.64g (0.01mol) of sodium phosphate, and the catalyst obtained was named CAT-8.
Comparative example 1
The aim was to show that there was no MIL-100(Al) present in the support, but SiO in the gas phase2When used as a carrier, the activity of the catalyst and the selectivity of the product.
Dipping palladium chloride solution into gas-phase SiO by adopting an equal-volume dipping method2In a carrier (palladium chloride and gas phase SiO)2The mass ratio of the carrier is 0.1 percent: 1), sealing and standing for at least 3h, drying at 120 ℃, then transferring to a tubular furnace, reducing for 1h at 350 ℃ in hydrogen atmosphere, and then blowing and sweeping by Ar to room temperature to obtain the required catalyst, the number of which is CAT-9.
Table 1 shows the activity of hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the selectivity to DHMTHF product under the same evaluation conditions for 7 different catalysts prepared according to examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 (evaluation conditions: in a kettle type hydrogenation reactor, the catalyst use temperature is 180 ℃, the hydrogen pressure is 3.0MPa, the catalyst amount accounts for 1% of the mass of the liquid feedstock, and the reaction time is 2 h).
TABLE 1
Catalyst numbering Conversion ratio of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (%) DHMTHF selectivity (%)
CAT-1 50.1 56.8
CAT-2 53.2 57.2
CAT-3 55.2 57.9
CAT-4 42.8 51.5
CAT-5 38.2 49.3
CAT-6 34.7 46.8
CAT-7 51.4 55.3
CAT-8 43.7 51.6
CAT-9 28.9 6.9

Claims (6)

1. A method for preparing a catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) dissolving phosphate in deionized water under the stirring state at room temperature, adding aluminum nitrate after the phosphate is dissolved, continuously stirring for 10-30min, then dropwise adding a nitric acid solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be within the range of 2-3, continuously stirring for at least 30min, then soaking the solution on a carrier by using an isometric soaking method, drying the carrier soaked with the mixed solution at 80 ℃ for at least 5h, and then heating to 120 ℃ until the carrier is dried; then, putting the sample into a muffle furnace to be roasted for at least 2h at 500 ℃ in an air atmosphere to obtain a precursor A; wherein the molar ratio of the phosphate to the aluminum nitrate is 1: 1;
(2) under the state of stirring at room temperature, dissolving aluminum nitrate and trimesic acid into deionized water to obtain a solution B; stirring for at least 30min, adding the precursor A, stirring for at least 10min, and performing ultrasonic dispersion for at least 10min under ultrasonic conditions to obtain slurry C; wherein the molar ratio of the aluminum nitrate to the trimesic acid to the deionized water is 1.2:1: 350-500; the mass ratio of the precursor A to the solution B is 0.05-0.2: 1;
(3) transferring the slurry C into a quartz microwave reaction tube, then placing the quartz microwave reaction tube into a microwave synthesizer, controlling the microwave power to be 200W and the pressure to be 50-150psi, heating to 150 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min, maintaining for 5min, heating to 190 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, continuing to react for 10-20min, cooling, then carrying out suction filtration and separation on the product, fully washing the obtained solid with deionized water, and then drying the washed solid at 120 ℃ to obtain a sample D;
(4) soaking a palladium chloride solution into the sample D by adopting an isometric soaking method, sealing and standing for at least 3h, drying at 120 ℃, transferring to a tubular furnace, reducing at 300-350 ℃ for at least 1h in a hydrogen atmosphere, cooling to 150 ℃, and adding 10% NH3Treating for at least 3h under the mixed gas of Ar and then cooling to room temperature under the blowing of Ar to obtain the required catalyst.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is MCM-41, SBA-15 or SiO2One or more of them.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate is one or more of ammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium chloride in the palladium chloride solution to the sample D is 0.1-3%: 1.
5. A catalyst for hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The application of the catalyst of claim 5, characterized in that the catalyst is applied in a kettle-type hydrogenation reactor to catalyze the hydrogenation reaction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and the catalytic reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature range is 120-250 ℃, the hydrogen pressure is 0.5-3.0 MPa, and the catalyst amount accounts for 0.3-3% of the mass of the liquid raw material.
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