CN109507290B - Beam fiber breaking point and acoustic measurement device and method for micro sound pick-up dot matrix arrangement - Google Patents
Beam fiber breaking point and acoustic measurement device and method for micro sound pick-up dot matrix arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507290B CN109507290B CN201811568856.3A CN201811568856A CN109507290B CN 109507290 B CN109507290 B CN 109507290B CN 201811568856 A CN201811568856 A CN 201811568856A CN 109507290 B CN109507290 B CN 109507290B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber bundle breaking point and acoustic measurement device arranged in a micro sound pick-up lattice way, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a microphone array formed by m parallel microphone columns, m >3, each column of microphone columns being formed by n microphones arranged in a longitudinal linear array, n >3, the microphone array being arranged in and completely covered by the bundle fibers; the collecting module is used for collecting fiber fracture sound wave signals through the sound pick-up array after the bundle fibers are stretched; and the analysis system is used for carrying out data analysis and calculation on the fiber fracture sound wave signals acquired by the acquisition module. The invention also provides an application and a method of the device. The invention has the advantage of providing the device and the method for monitoring the fiber stress damage condition during the stretching of the bundle fiber, which solve the problem of the lack of an effective method at present.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring fiber bundle breaking points and sound of a micro sound pick-up in a dot matrix arrangement, and belongs to the technical field of textile fiber testing.
Background
In the spinning process technology, the breaking strength of the parallel bundle fiber is closely related to the quality of the yarn, and the elongation and strength of the parallel bundle fiber show high correlation with the measured single fiber. Therefore, the detection of the internal microscopic deformation, damage and fracture process of the bundle fiber becomes an urgent need for scientific research and engineering practice.
At present, the elongation and breaking properties of fiber materials are generally measured by a high-speed photography method. The whole process of extension and breakage of the fiber after being stressed is shot by a high-speed camera, the form of the instantaneous fiber and the whole process of extension and breakage of the fiber are observed by a projector, and the tensile breaking performance of the fiber material is analyzed and researched. Although this method is intuitive, the fiber monofilaments are shielded from each other, and therefore, when the bundle fiber is imaged, the shielded portion cannot be imaged, and the breakage and position of the internal fiber cannot be observed.
Chinese patent application No. CN 88105476.3 introduces a method that mechanical vibration caused by acoustic emission of measured fiber in the process of being stressed is coupled to the piezoelectric body of an acoustic emission sensor to generate resonance vibration, which is then sensed by an electrode and converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is transmitted to an acoustic emission instrument to be amplified, diagnosed with waves and frequency-selected, and finally received by a recorder to record the acoustic emission phenomenon of the fiber in the whole side detection process. However, this method can only be measured for single or single layers with spaces between the fibers. For the measurement of bundle fibers, mechanical vibration caused by the close connection between fibers by means of acoustic emission inevitably affects each other and cannot be measured. In a method for focusing array noise signals in target noise measurement, which is disclosed in chinese patent application No. CN200710176151.2, a method of multichannel delay focusing alignment is used to collect sounds, but the method cannot be applied to collection and detection of weak breaks in bundle fibers.
US 2007/0218806 Al describes a method for nondestructive testing of carbon fiber composites by measuring the acoustic measurement of fiber breaks with an embedded sensor, which can only determine whether there is damage to the fibers by the presence or absence of a signal from the sensor and cannot determine the degree of damage. US patent No. US 5104391 discloses an apparatus and method for single fiber break acoustic measurement, but cannot be applied to measurement of ordinary bundle fiber break acoustic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a measuring method and a measuring device capable of monitoring and analyzing the stretching behavior of bundle fibers, which can acquire the stress damage and the fracture condition of the bundle fibers under static and dynamic conditions.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a fiber bundle breaking point and acoustic measurement device arranged in a micro-microphone lattice, comprising:
a microphone array formed by m parallel microphone columns, wherein m is more than 3, each microphone column is formed by arranging n microphones in a longitudinal linear array mode, n is more than 3, and the microphone array is arranged in the bundle fiber and is completely covered by the bundle fiber;
the collecting module is used for collecting fiber fracture sound wave signals faithfully through the sound pick-up array after the bundle fibers are stretched;
and the analysis system is used for carrying out data analysis and calculation on the fiber fracture sound wave signals acquired by the acquisition module.
Preferably, the pickup is composed of a half parabolic hemispherical cover and a microphone disposed at a focus of the half parabolic hemispherical cover.
Preferably, the microphone has the dimensions of 3-4 mm in length, 2-3 mm in width and 1-1.5 mm in height, and the sensitivity error of the microphone is +/-1 dB.
Preferably, the end face of the semi-parabolic hemispherical cover is regularly round for effectively receiving the breaking signal parallel or perpendicular to the fiber arrangement direction.
The invention also provides application of the beam fiber breaking point and acoustic measurement device in the micro sound pick-up lattice arrangement, which is characterized in that the device is used as a functional component on a beam fiber strength tester or is used independently for measuring the average breaking strength, the coefficient of variation and the average breaking elongation and the coefficient of variation of single fibers.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the fiber break point and the sound of the lattice-arranged beam of the micro sound pick-up, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
the fiber bundle to be tested is stretched, in the stretching process, the fiber fracture sound wave signals are collected through the sound pick-up array by the collection module, after the fiber bundle is stretched, the analysis system obtains the waveform of the fiber fracture sound wave signals collected by each sound pick-up, and the internal stress, damage and fracture conditions of the fiber bundle in the stretching process are obtained through analysis of waveform characteristics.
Preferably, when the fiber breaks, the wave form of the fiber breaking acoustic signal shows obvious peaks and valleys.
The measuring principle of the invention is that when the fiber bundle is stretched and broken, the broken sound is transmitted to the nearest sound pick-up with the highest sound energy and recorded, the number of fibers in the area and the sound intensity of each broken fiber can be obtained according to the broken pulse sound measured by the sound pick-up, all the n or m + n-1 sound pick-ups measure the number of the highest pulse value at the same time as the total number of broken fibers, the number of the sound pick-ups with the highest pulse peak is the number of broken fibers in the area, and then the breaking degree of the fibers is judged according to the peak value.
The core structure of the measuring device is a parabolic hemispherical sound pickup arranged in a linear array and a signal acquisition and data processing system. The basic structure and principle are as follows: the pickup consists of a parabolic hemispherical cover and a miniature microphone arranged on a focus. The thickness of the bundle fiber when it is held in the fiber holder is set so that the breaking sound of the fiber in the thickness direction can be collected by the parabolic hemisphere rather than just a single layer fiber. The breaking sound of the fiber is weak, and is collected and amplified by a miniature microphone arranged on a focus. The orthogonal linear array arrangement of the pickup overcomes the error caused by the inconsistent longitudinal and transverse propagation of the breaking sound on the bundle fiber. And the area and the number of the broken fibers are determined by analyzing and comparing the signal waves through a signal acquisition and data processing system.
The invention has the advantage of providing a device and a method for solving the problem that an effective method is not available at present to monitor the fiber stress damage condition when the bundle fiber is stretched.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an orthogonal linear array type arrangement beam fiber break acoustic measurement device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a half-parabolic micro-microphone pickup;
FIG. 3 is a waveform of a fracture sound collection and analysis, with time on the abscissa and signal amplitude on the ordinate;
in the figure: 1-a sound pick-up; 2-a miniature microphone; 3-half parabolic hemispherical cover; 4, an acquisition module; 5-analysis system.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. The raw materials and equipment in the implementation are the funded project of the national emphasis research and development plan (2016 YFC 0802802). It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the claims appended to the present application.
Example 1: fibrilia bundle
The tow of hemp fibers was held at both ends of the holder, and a microphone array consisting of m × n microphones 1 arranged as shown in fig. 1 was arranged in the tow and completely covered by the tow. The sound pickup 1 is connected with an acquisition module 4 and an analysis system 5 on a computer. When the bundle fiber is stretched, the fiber is damaged, the acquisition module 4 acquires the fiber fracture sound wave signals through the sound pick-up array, and the analysis system 5 forms signal waveforms through the received fiber fracture sound wave signals and displays the signal waveforms on a computer. When the fiber breaks, the signal wave has obvious peaks and valleys. The waveform characteristics of the signal waves collected by each sound pick-up are extracted and analyzed, and the sound signals are collected and analyzed by Cool Edit Pro2.0 software, so that the internal stress, damage and fracture conditions of the bundle fibers in the stretching process can be obtained.
Example 2: carbon fiber bundle
The carbon fiber bundle is held at both ends of the holder, and a microphone array in which m × n microphones 1 are arranged as shown in fig. 1 is arranged in the bundle fiber and is completely covered by the bundle fiber. The sound pick-up 1 is connected with an acquisition module 4 and an analysis system 5 on a computer. When the bundle fiber is stretched, the fiber is damaged, the acquisition module 4 acquires the fiber fracture sound wave signals through the sound pick-up array, and the analysis system 5 forms signal waveforms through the received fiber fracture sound wave signals and displays the signal waveforms on a computer. When the fiber breaks, the signal wave has obvious wave crests and wave troughs. The waveform characteristics are extracted and analyzed from the shape of the signal wave collected by each sound pick-up, and the sound signals are collected and analyzed by adopting Cool Edit Pro2.0 software, so that the conditions of internal stress, damage and fracture of the bundle fiber in the stretching process can be obtained.
Example 3: wool fiber bundle
The wool fiber bundle was held at both ends of the holder, and a microphone array formed by arranging m × n microphones 1 as shown in fig. 1 was arranged in the bundle fiber and completely covered by the bundle fiber. The sound pick-up 1 is connected with an acquisition module 4 and an analysis system 5 on a computer. When the bundle fiber is stretched, the fiber is damaged, the collection module 4 collects the fiber fracture sound wave signals through the sound pick-up array, and the analysis system 5 forms a signal waveform through the received fiber fracture sound wave signals and displays the signal waveform on a computer, as shown in fig. 3. When the fiber breaks, the signal wave has obvious wave crests and wave troughs. The waveform characteristics are extracted and analyzed from the shape of the signal wave collected by each sound pick-up, and the sound signals are collected and analyzed by adopting Cool Edit Pro2.0 software, so that the conditions of internal stress, damage and fracture of the bundle fiber in the stretching process can be obtained.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a little pickup lattice arranged's bundle fibre break point and acoustic measurement device which characterized in that includes:
a microphone array formed by m parallel microphone columns, m >3, each column of microphone columns being formed by n microphones (1) arranged in a longitudinal linear array, n >3, the microphone array being arranged in and completely covered by the bundle of fibres; the pickup (1) consists of a semi-parabolic hemispherical cover (3) and a microphone (2) arranged on the focus of the semi-parabolic hemispherical cover (3); the bundle of fibers has a certain thickness when being clamped on the fiber clamp, and the breaking sound of the fibers in the thickness direction can be collected through the semi-parabolic hemispherical cover (3); collecting and amplifying the breaking sound of the broken fiber by a microphone (2) arranged on a focus; the sound pick-up array overcomes the error caused by the inconsistent transmission of the breaking sound on the bundle fiber in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction; the size of the microphone (2) is 3 to 4mm, the width is 2 to 3mm, and the height is 1 to 1.5mm, and the sensitivity error of the microphone (2) is +/-1 dB;
the collecting module (4) collects fiber fracture sound wave signals faithfully through the sound pick-up array after the bundle fibers are stretched;
the fiber fracture sound wave signal acquisition system comprises an analysis system (5) for analyzing and calculating data of fiber fracture sound wave signals acquired by an acquisition module (4), and the analysis and comparison of the analysis system (5) on the signal waves are used for determining the area and the number of the fractured fibers, and comprises the following steps: when the fiber bundle is stretched and broken, the breaking sound is transmitted to the nearest sound pick-up (1) with the highest sound energy and recorded, the number of fibers in the area and the sound intensity of each broken fiber can be obtained according to the breaking pulse sound measured by the sound pick-up (1), the number of the highest pulse values measured by all n or m + n-1 sound pick-ups (1) is the total number of broken fibers, the number of the sound pick-ups with the highest pulse peaks is the number of the broken fibers in the area, and the breaking degree of the fibers is judged according to the peak values.
2. The device for fiber breakage and acoustic measurement in a micro-microphone lattice arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the end surface of the semi-parabolic hemispherical cover (3) is perfectly circular for effectively receiving the breakage signal parallel or perpendicular to the fiber arrangement direction.
3. Use of the device according to claim 1 as a functional component of a bundle fiber strength tester or the device according to claim 1 alone for measuring the average breaking strength, coefficient of variation and average breaking elongation of single fibers.
4. A method of measuring beam fiber breakoff points and acoustics using a micro-pick-up lattice arrangement, characterized in that the apparatus of claim 1 is used, comprising the steps of:
the fiber bundle to be tested is stretched, in the stretching process, the fiber fracture sound wave signals are collected through the sound pick-up array by the collection module (4), after the stretching of the fiber bundle is finished, the analysis system (5) obtains the waveform of the fiber fracture sound wave signals collected by each sound pick-up (1), and the internal stress, damage and fracture conditions of the fiber bundle in the stretching process are obtained through analysis of waveform characteristics.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein when a fiber break occurs, the waveform of the fiber break acoustic signal exhibits distinct peaks and valleys.
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| CN102109498A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-06-29 | 天津工业大学 | Nondestructive testing system and testing analysis method for three-dimensional braided composite material |
| CN102507744A (en) * | 2011-10-16 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江大学 | Acoustic emission device and method for detecting destructive failure of carbon fiber composite material |
| CN102507739A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 北京理工大学 | Ultrasonic guided wave defect imaging method for impact damages of carbon fiber composite material |
| JP6346214B2 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-06-20 | 株式会社Ｓｕｂａｒｕ | Composite material forming jig, composite material forming method, ultrasonic inspection system, ultrasonic inspection method, and aircraft structure |
| CN107870204A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2018-04-03 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of high composite structure damage monitoring method of accuracy |
| CN206515298U (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-09-22 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | A kind of ultrasonic detection sensor and the ultrasonic wave detecting system with it |
| CN106840870A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-13 | 东华大学 | Wool fiber-bundles elongation at break is distributed and fracture strength distribution test method |
| CN108801637B (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-01-03 | 安徽大学 | A parabolic sound mirror array collection system for train bearing rail limit acoustics detects |
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