CN109506781B - Chrominance measuring method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of display, and discloses a chromaticity measurement method and a chromaticity measurement device. The invention solves the problems of large error and huge calibration workload of display panel chromaticity measurement in the prior art, is applicable to screens of different models only by calibrating each camera once in a laboratory, can fundamentally improve the measurement precision, and has the advantages of low device cost, easy realization, high cost performance and strong universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a chromaticity measurement method and a chromaticity measurement device.
Background
With the development of display technology, people have higher and higher requirements on the quality of display equipment, and the color rendering quality and the color fidelity of the display equipment are increasingly important. A luminance and chrominance measuring apparatus with high accuracy is indispensable in the manufacturing and inspection processes of the display apparatus. At present, relatively mature devices such as a spectrophotometer and a filter colorimeter are available on the market, the colorimeter has good measurement accuracy, but the measurement range is very limited, and the requirement that a customer can not measure the whole display device at one time is met, so that the imaging colorimeter is produced. At present, imaging colorimeters are widely applied in various industries, but the most important problem is that the measurement error is large, and particularly for panels with large spectral differences, the measurement error cannot be guaranteed.
At present, many papers prove the measurement accuracy of an imaging area array colorimeter, and existing researches indicate that even if the dominant wavelength of a screen to be measured deviates only 1nm from the dominant wavelength of a standard light source, the error of chromaticity coordinates can exceed 0.003, and the maximum error even reaches 0.02. And it is explicitly pointed out that such verified measurement errors are clearly unacceptable for LED chromaticity correction. Another scheme in the existing research is to use a CIE matched filter, i.e. a filter type area array colorimeter. The key of the filter type area array colorimeter lies in manufacturing a filter with high matching degree, but the filter is difficult in process and expensive. In addition, in order to control the coordinate error of the final chromaticity product to be 0.005, the maximum error of the corresponding matching degree of the full-waveband spectrum of the XYZ optical filter is required to be less than 2%, and the current domestic level can only reach 5%. Therefore, the filter with low matching degree used by most filter type area array colorimeters cannot fundamentally solve the problem of low precision.
The effect of the changes in the spectra on the measurement accuracy was verified by prior studies by shifting it (± 10nm) with one reference spectrum to obtain 100 different spectra, which represent 100 different screens. The correction coefficient was calculated with the reference spectrum, and then the measurement error was verified with the simulated spectrum. The result shows that the spectrum only generates a tiny deviation of +/-10 nm, the measurement error is unacceptable, the brightness error reaches 20 percent, and the chromaticity error reaches 0.2; the wavelength and the bandwidth of the LED lamp beads have certain discreteness, and even the wavelength difference generated by the LEDs in the same batch can be controlled to be about 5-10 nm. In addition, the wavelength is affected by the external environment temperature, humidity, service time and driving current, and a series of uncertain factors are brought to measurement.
In summary, the prior art has the following problems: 1. the error in the practical application of the display panel chromaticity measurement is too large to meet the requirements of users. 2. Even if screens with different spectrums are calibrated again, the calibration workload is huge, and the significance of real-time measurement is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a chromaticity measurement method and a chromaticity measurement device, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the chromaticity measurement error of a display panel is large and the calibration workload is huge.
The embodiment of the application provides a chromaticity measurement method, a camera and a spectrometer which are used for measurement keep relative positions unchanged, a view field of the spectrometer is used as a calibration position, and the chromaticity measurement method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a conversion model Q1 through camera chromaticity calibration;
the method comprises the steps that a certain picture displayed by a display panel to be tested is collected through a camera and a spectrometer at the same time, the camera obtains an ImgRGB numerical value of a collection area, and the spectrometer obtains a regXYZ numerical value of a calibration position;
converting the ImgRGB numerical value by adopting the conversion model Q1 to obtain an ImgXYZ numerical value;
extracting XYZ values corresponding to the calibration positions from the ImgXYZ values, and comparing the XYZ values corresponding to the calibration positions with the regXYZ values to obtain a correction coefficient Q2;
and correcting the ImgXYZ values in the collecting area by adopting the correction coefficient Q2 to obtain a first chromaticity brightness value ImgXYZ.
Preferably, the camera chromaticity calibration includes the following steps:
moving the camera and the spectrometer to an acquisition area;
the display panel to be tested sequentially displays a plurality of pictures, and different pictures are images with different colors and different brightnesses; when the display panel to be tested displays one picture, the camera and the spectrometer are used for simultaneously collecting the pictures; after all pictures are collected, the spectrograph obtains a regXYZ data set, and the camera obtains an ImgRGB image set;
extracting a calibration position RGB data set from the ImgRGB image set;
and carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the calibration position RGB data set and the regXYZ data set to obtain the conversion model Q1.
Preferably, before moving the camera and the spectrometer to the acquisition area, the method further comprises the following steps:
and carrying out flat field correction and dark current correction on the camera.
Preferably, the conversion model Q1 is established by using a BP neural network or a polynomial fitting method.
Preferably, after obtaining the first chromaticity luminance value imgixyz, the method further includes the following steps:
and converting the first chromaticity luminance value ImgXYZ into a second chromaticity luminance value Img _ xyLv by a chromaticity coordinate conversion formula.
Preferably, the correction coefficient Q2 is a ratio coefficient between XYZ and regXYZ values corresponding to the calibration position.
Preferably, the collection area is a central area of the display panel to be tested.
On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a chromaticity measurement apparatus, including: the device comprises a camera, a spectrometer, a sliding adjusting component, an object carrying platform to be detected and a module carrying platform;
the camera and the spectrometer are respectively arranged on the sliding adjusting component, the camera and the spectrometer can move on the sliding adjusting component, and the sliding adjusting component is connected with the object bearing platform to be detected; the module carrying platform is installed on the sliding adjusting assembly and can move on the sliding adjusting assembly, and the module carrying platform is loaded with a display panel to be tested.
Preferably, the sliding adjusting assembly comprises an X-axis sliding mechanism, a Y-axis sliding mechanism and a Z-axis sliding mechanism;
the Y-axis sliding mechanism is arranged on the object carrying platform to be detected, the Z-axis sliding mechanism is positioned above the object carrying platform to be detected, and the X-axis sliding mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis sliding mechanism; the camera and the spectrometer are respectively installed on the X-axis sliding mechanism through a first sliding block and a second sliding block, and can move left and right on the X-axis sliding mechanism; the X-axis sliding mechanism can move up and down on the Z-axis sliding mechanism; the Z-axis sliding mechanism can move back and forth on the Y-axis sliding mechanism; the module stage is mounted on the Y-axis slide mechanism, and the module stage is movable on the Y-axis slide mechanism.
Preferably, the X-axis sliding mechanism, the Y-axis sliding mechanism and the Z-axis sliding mechanism respectively include respective structural members and transmission screw rods, and the transmission screw rods are mounted on the structural members.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
in this application embodiment, camera, spectrum appearance, module microscope carrier among the colour measurement device that provides are installed respectively on the slide adjusting subassembly, and can remove, and the module microscope carrier bears the weight of the display panel that awaits measuring for when carrying out the colour measurement, can make camera and spectrum appearance keep relative position unchangeable, make camera and spectrum appearance can accurate correspond the same region of the panel that awaits measuring, and be applicable to not unidimensional display panel. In measurement, a view field of a spectrometer is used as a calibration position, a conversion model Q1 is obtained through camera chromaticity calibration, a certain picture displayed by a display panel to be tested is acquired through the camera and the spectrometer, the camera obtains an ImgRGB numerical value of an acquisition area, the spectrometer obtains a regXYZ numerical value of the calibration position, the conversion model Q1 is used for converting the ImgRGB numerical value to obtain an ImgXYZ numerical value, an XYZ numerical value corresponding to the calibration position in the ImgXYZ numerical value is extracted, the XYZ numerical value corresponding to the calibration position is compared with the regXYZ numerical value to obtain a correction coefficient Q2, and then the correction coefficient Q2 is used for correcting the ImgXYZ numerical values in the acquisition area to obtain a first chromaticity brightness value ImgXYZ. The invention uses the spectrometer and the camera, corrects the camera in real time by the XYZ value collected by the spectrometer, so that the camera does not need to be calibrated again for the chromaticity measurement of different spectrums, each camera only needs to be calibrated once in a laboratory, the invention is applicable to screens of different models, and the measurement precision can be fundamentally improved. The measuring device provided by the invention does not need to customize a filter highly matched with the CCD, and has the advantages of low cost, easiness in realization and high cost performance. In addition, the invention has strong universality, not only can be suitable for the chromaticity measurement of the display panel, but also has certain adaptability to other chromaticity measurements.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the present embodiment, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiment will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chromaticity measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the field of view of a spectrometer and a camera in a colorimetric method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a calibration flowchart in a chromaticity measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a measurement flowchart of a chromaticity measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of spectral data of different types of screens in a colorimetric measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a test area in a chromaticity measurement method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a result of comparing x errors of chromaticity in a chromaticity measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a comparison result of the chrominance y error of the chrominance measurement method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a comparison result of luminance Lv errors of a chrominance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a camera 1, a spectrometer 2, a display panel to be tested 3, a 4-X-axis sliding mechanism, a 5-Z-axis sliding mechanism, a 6-Y-axis sliding mechanism, an object platform to be tested 7 and a module platform 8.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment provides a chromaticity measuring apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, which includes a camera 1, a spectrometer 2, a sliding adjustment assembly, an object-to-be-measured stage 7, and a module stage 8; the sliding adjusting component comprises an X-axis sliding mechanism 4, a Y-axis sliding mechanism 6 and a Z-axis sliding mechanism 5; the X-axis sliding mechanism 4, the Y-axis sliding mechanism 6 and the Z-axis sliding mechanism 5 respectively comprise respective structural members and transmission screw rods, and the transmission screw rods are arranged on the structural members.
The Y-axis sliding mechanism 6 is arranged on the object carrying platform 7 to be detected, the Z-axis sliding mechanism 5 is positioned above the object carrying platform 7 to be detected, and the X-axis sliding mechanism 4 is arranged on the Z-axis sliding mechanism 5; the camera 1 the spectrometer 2 are respectively installed on the X-axis sliding mechanism 4 through a first sliding block and a second sliding block, the camera 1 the spectrometer 2 can move left and right on the X-axis sliding mechanism 4 so as to adjust the positions of the camera 1 and the spectrometer 2 successively, the relative positions of the camera 1 and the spectrometer 2 are fixed and unchanged, and the camera 1 and the spectrometer 2 can accurately correspond to the same area of the display panel 3 to be tested.
The X-axis sliding mechanism 4 can move up and down on the Z-axis sliding mechanism 5, so that the camera 1 and the spectrometer 2 can move up and down through the Z-axis sliding mechanism 5, and the display device is suitable for display panels with different sizes.
The Y-axis sliding mechanism 6 is mainly used for centering the camera view field, specifically, the Z-axis sliding mechanism 5 can move back and forth on the Y-axis sliding mechanism 6, the module carrier 8 is installed on the Y-axis sliding mechanism 6, the module carrier 8 can move on the Y-axis sliding mechanism 6, and the module carrier 8 carries the display panel 3 to be tested.
In order to obtain accurate measurement results, the acquisition measurement work is preferably performed in a dark room environment.
The whole procedure of colorimetric measurement is as follows:
firstly, camera chromaticity calibration, as shown in fig. 3, includes the following steps:
(1) and performing flat field correction, dark current correction and the like on the camera.
(2) The display panel to be tested sequentially displays images with different colors and different brightness.
(3) Moving the camera and the spectrometer to the collection area, preferably, the collection area can be a central area of the display panel to be tested, because generally, the brightness uniformity of the central area is higher; as shown in fig. 2, the "cross" represents the center of the field of view of the camera, the circle represents the field of view of the spectrometer, the position of the "cross" in the field of view of the camera is fixed, and the circle is called as a calibration position, that is, the field of view of the spectrometer is used as the calibration position.
(4) Simultaneously, pictures with different colors and different brightness displayed by a display panel to be tested are collected through a camera and a spectrometer, after all the pictures are collected, the spectrometer obtains a regXYZ data set, and the camera obtains an ImgRGB image set;
(5) and extracting an RGB (red, green and blue) data set of a calibration position from the ImgRGB image set, and corresponding the RGB data set with a regXYZ data set one by one, namely, the camera and the spectrometer take the numerical value of the calibration position and establish a conversion model Q1 by adopting a BP (back propagation) neural network or polynomial fitting method.
Secondly, the colorimetric measurement, as shown in fig. 4, includes the following steps:
(1) a camera (CCD) and a spectrometer simultaneously acquire a certain picture of a display panel to be tested;
(2) the camera acquires an ImgRGB numerical value of the acquisition area, and the ImgRGB numerical value is converted through a conversion model Q1 to obtain an ImgXYZ numerical value; the spectrometer obtains a regXYZ value of the calibration position;
(3) extracting XYZ values corresponding to the calibration positions in the ImgXYZ values, comparing the XYZ values with regXYZ values, and calculating to obtain a correction coefficient Q2 between the two values; applying the Q2 correction coefficient to the entire imgixyz, that is, performing correction processing on the imgixyz values in the collection area by using the correction coefficient Q2, to obtain the final chromaticity luminance value of the entire collection area, that is, the first chromaticity luminance value imgixyz.
For example, the ratio between the XYZ value and the regXYZ value corresponding to the calibration position in the imgixyz value can be directly calculated, and the obtained ratio is used as the correction coefficient Q2.
(4) And converting the first chromaticity brightness value ImgXYZ into a second chromaticity brightness value Img _ xyz by using a chromaticity coordinate conversion formula, and measuring the chromaticity brightness of the whole screen.
Examples of colorimetric measurements and results are as follows:
the example selects two different types of screens, the central region of the screen having a spectral distribution as shown in figure 5, the two screens (Type 1 and Type 2) differing by about 8nm in the main spectrum. In the embodiment, Type 1 is selected for camera chromaticity calibration, then Type 2 is respectively measured by adopting a method without real-time correction of a spectrometer and a method with real-time correction of a spectrometer, and measurement errors of the two methods are contrastively verified.
When camera chroma calibration is carried out, namely the sample is calibrated in the embodiment, 216 pictures with different colors and different brightness on a Type 1 screen are acquired by a camera and a spectrometer simultaneously. Specifically, the luminance levels of [ 064128192224255 ] and R, G, B different colors are combined to obtain 216 calibration pictures in total. This resulted in an ImgRGB dataset comprising 216 camera images and a regXYZ dataset comprising 216 spectrometer data. The method comprises the steps of positioning a region corresponding to a spectrometer acquisition region in a camera image, extracting RGB data, and enabling the RGB data to correspond to data in a regXYZ data set one by one, and fitting a conversion model Q1 between RGB- > XYZ by adopting a polynomial regression method in the experiment.
The collected pictures of the test sample and the calibration sample are consistent, the total number of the collected pictures is 216, and the experiment respectively compares the measurement errors of the real-time calibration by using a spectrometer and the measurement errors of the real-time calibration without using the spectrometer. For more compelling reasons, the non-calibration area was selected for comparison in this experiment, as shown in fig. 6. The test results are shown in fig. 7, fig. 8, and fig. 9, which are the chromaticity x error comparison result, the chromaticity y error comparison result, and the luminance Lv error comparison result, respectively.
In summary, the method and the device for measuring chromaticity provided by the invention have the advantages that the spectrometer is matched with the color camera, and the color camera is corrected in real time through the XYZ numerical values acquired by the spectrometer, so that the chromaticity measurement of different spectrums does not need to be re-calibrated, and higher measurement precision can be achieved.
The method and the device for measuring the chromaticity, provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least have the following technical effects:
1. the calibration method is applicable to screens of different models only by calibrating each camera once in a laboratory, and can fundamentally improve the measurement precision.
2. The filter highly matched with the CCD is not required to be customized, the cost is low, the realization is easy, and the cost performance is high.
3. The method has strong universality, can be suitable for the chromaticity measurement of the display panel, and has certain adaptability to other chromaticity measurements.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A colorimetric measurement method is characterized in that a camera and a spectrometer used for measurement keep unchanged relative positions, and a field of view of the spectrometer is used as a calibration position, and the colorimetric measurement method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a conversion model Q1 through camera chromaticity calibration;
the method comprises the steps that a certain picture displayed by a display panel to be tested is collected through a camera and a spectrometer at the same time, the camera obtains an ImgRGB numerical value of a collection area, and the spectrometer obtains a regXYZ numerical value of a calibration position;
converting the ImgRGB numerical value by adopting the conversion model Q1 to obtain an ImgXYZ numerical value;
extracting XYZ values corresponding to the calibration positions from the ImgXYZ values, and comparing the XYZ values corresponding to the calibration positions with the regXYZ values to obtain a correction coefficient Q2;
correcting the ImgXYZ values in the acquisition region by adopting the correction coefficient Q2 to obtain a first chromaticity brightness value ImgXYZ;
the camera chromaticity calibration comprises the following steps:
moving the camera and the spectrometer to an acquisition area;
the display panel to be tested sequentially displays a plurality of pictures, and different pictures are images with different colors and different brightnesses; when the display panel to be tested displays one picture, the camera and the spectrometer are used for simultaneously collecting the pictures; after all pictures are collected, the spectrograph obtains a regXYZ data set, and the camera obtains an ImgRGB image set;
extracting a calibration position RGB data set from the ImgRGB image set;
and carrying out one-to-one correspondence on the calibration position RGB data set and the regXYZ data set to obtain the conversion model Q1.
2. The colorimetric measurement method of claim 1 further comprising, before moving the camera and the spectrometer to an acquisition area, the steps of:
and carrying out flat field correction and dark current correction on the camera.
3. The colorimetric method according to claim 1, wherein the conversion model Q1 is created by using a BP neural network or a polynomial fitting method.
4. The colorimetric measurement method according to claim 1, further comprising, after obtaining the first colorimetric luminance value imgixyz, the steps of:
and converting the first chromaticity luminance value ImgXYZ into a second chromaticity luminance value Img _ xyLv by a chromaticity coordinate conversion formula.
5. The colorimetric measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the correction factor Q2 is a ratio factor between XYZ values and regXYZ values corresponding to the calibration position.
6. The colorimetric measurement method of claim 1 wherein the collection area is a central area of a display panel to be tested.
7. A colorimetric measuring device, comprising: the device comprises a camera, a spectrometer, a sliding adjusting component, an object carrying platform to be detected and a module carrying platform;
the camera and the spectrometer are respectively arranged on the sliding adjusting component, the camera and the spectrometer can move on the sliding adjusting component, and the sliding adjusting component is connected with the object bearing platform to be detected; the module carrying platform is arranged on the sliding adjusting component, can move on the sliding adjusting component and is loaded with a display panel to be tested;
the colorimetric measuring device is used for implementing the steps in the colorimetric measuring method according to any of claims 1 to 6.
8. The colorimetric measurement device of claim 7 wherein the slide adjustment assembly comprises an X-axis slide mechanism, a Y-axis slide mechanism, a Z-axis slide mechanism;
the Y-axis sliding mechanism is arranged on the object carrying platform to be detected, the Z-axis sliding mechanism is positioned above the object carrying platform to be detected, and the X-axis sliding mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis sliding mechanism; the camera and the spectrometer are respectively installed on the X-axis sliding mechanism through a first sliding block and a second sliding block, and can move left and right on the X-axis sliding mechanism; the X-axis sliding mechanism can move up and down on the Z-axis sliding mechanism; the Z-axis sliding mechanism can move back and forth on the Y-axis sliding mechanism; the module stage is mounted on the Y-axis slide mechanism, and the module stage is movable on the Y-axis slide mechanism.
9. The colorimetric measurement device of claim 8 wherein the X-axis slide mechanism, the Y-axis slide mechanism, and the Z-axis slide mechanism each comprise a respective structural member, and a drive screw mounted on the structural member.
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| CN113125117B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2024-04-19 | 苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司 | Chromaticity detection method for display module |
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