CN109496810B - Soilless culture method for tea - Google Patents

Soilless culture method for tea Download PDF

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CN109496810B
CN109496810B CN201811506580.6A CN201811506580A CN109496810B CN 109496810 B CN109496810 B CN 109496810B CN 201811506580 A CN201811506580 A CN 201811506580A CN 109496810 B CN109496810 B CN 109496810B
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tea
fruits
branches
nutrient solution
soilless culture
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CN109496810A (en
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黄建明
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08—Immunising seed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tea cultivation, and discloses a soilless culture method of tea, which comprises the following steps: A. soilless culture of tea fruits: a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits; b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits; c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout; d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves. The tea obtained by the soilless culture method has the characteristic of good quality; the soilless culture method has the characteristics of simple and convenient operation, greenness, organic property and no pollution.

Description

Soilless culture method for tea
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea cultivation, and particularly relates to a soilless culture method of tea.
Background
Tea (scientific name: Camellia sinensis (L.) o. Ktze.), shrub or small tree, tender branches and hairless. The leaf leather is long round or oval, the tip is blunt or sharp, the base is wedge-shaped, the upper surface is shiny, the lower surface has no hair or has soft hair at first time, the edge has saw teeth, and the petiole has no hair. White in color, sometimes with slightly longer flower stalks; the sepals are wide in egg shape to round shape, have no hairs and are reserved; the petals are wide and oval, the bases are slightly connected, the back surface has no hair, and sometimes short and soft hair exists; the ovaries are dense and white; the flower column is hairless. Capsule 3 spherical or 1-2 spherical, height 1.1-1.5 cm, and seed 1-2 per ball. The flowering phase is 10 months to 2 months in the next year.
The wild species are seen in mountain areas of southern provinces of Yangtze river in China, are in the shape of small trees, have large leaves, are usually more than 10 centimeters long, and widely cultivated for a long time, so that the variety of the hair quilt and the leaf type is large. Such as Chuan tea. The tea can be used as beverage, contains various beneficial components, and has health promoting effect.
The tea tree can be cultivated and propagated through seeds. The seed propagation method is simple, the cost is low, and the adaptability of the offspring is strong. However, tea trees are cross-pollinated plants, and progeny of seeds have complex inheritance and are easy to mutate and difficult to maintain the excellent properties of improved varieties.
The tea trees can be cultivated and propagated through cuttage. The tea tree nutritive organ has physiological natural regeneration effect. That is, a part of an organ is lost or damaged, and under appropriate conditions, the lost or damaged part can grow to restore itself to its original intact state. The cuttage of tea tree is to utilize the natural regeneration and polarity of nutritive organ of tea tree to cut stem and leaf sections of semi-lignified branch of tea tree, insert the lower end into seedling bed, and after cultivation, the tea tree can take root and branch to form new independent tea seedling.
The cutting slips are inserted into the seedbed, and cells near the upper and lower cuts of the cutting slips quickly generate thin films to seal the upper and lower cuts. Callus plugs were formed under the film, covering the incisions. The callus wood suppository has the protection effects of preventing water dispersion and microorganism invasion. At this time, the lower incision is under the known temperature and humidity, and after a certain period of time, the cambium and phloem parenchyma cells are divided to generate callus. At the same time, new roots are emerging from the inner sheath of the central column, or from the intersection of the medullary ray and the cambium. This is the process of cutting the roots.
The carbohydrate content, including starch and sugar, in the cutting is closely related to the formation of roots. The ratio of carbohydrate to appendicitis compound (C/N) is generally considered to be an important factor in rooting. The carbon-nitrogen ratio is high, which is favorable for rooting and seedling growing. Experiments prove that the branches and leaves become reddish brown, when the semi-lignification is achieved and the leaves are mature and shaped, the carbon nitrogen channel is large, the cuttage survival rate is high, the rooting is good, and the seedlings are strong.
However, the cultivation methods are soil cultivation regardless of seed breeding or cutting; the quality of the tea grown by the method is often uneven.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a soilless culture method for tea.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
Further, the soilless culture method of the tea leaves further comprises the following steps: B. soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
Further, the soilless culture method of the tea leaves further comprises the following steps: C. and (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
Further, the tea fruit in the step C is placed on the flower mud in the step B of the step B, and the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
Further, the nontoxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.006-0.01%.
Further, the time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 20-40 days, and the constant temperature is 24-26 ℃.
Further, the constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 24-26 ℃; the constant temperature in the step d of the step A is 24-29 ℃.
Further, the nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: squeezing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the proportion of 1:5-20 to obtain the nutrient solution.
Further, the soaking time in the step a of the step B is 4-8h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
Further, the tea is Sichuan tea.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the soilless culture method of tea, the tea fruits are subjected to disinfection, primary fermentation and secondary fermentation to realize the germination of the tea fruits under the soilless culture environment, and the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed to provide nutrients for the subsequent growth of the germinated tea fruits, so that the tea fruits can continuously grow to grow new leaves; the invention also cultivates the tea branch by the nutrient solution to ensure that new leaves grow on the tea branch; therefore, the full utilization of tea fruits and tea branches is realized, and the grown new leaves can be used for preparing tea leaves for sale; in addition, the tea branches and the tea fruits are cultivated together by adopting the cultivation method, the tea fruits are placed at the backlight position of the new leaves of the tea branches to provide the growth condition of backlight and shady for the tea fruits, so that the quality of the new grown leaves of the tea fruits is higher, and the roots of the tea fruits and the roots of the tea branches are wound together (the tentacles at the roots of the tea fruits grow faster and the roots are more developed) under the soaking of nutrient solution in the growth process, so that the tea fruits and the tea branches are integrated; therefore, after the tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body is cultured for the first time, the nutrient solution is regularly sprayed to the upper part of the tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body, and new leaves can continuously grow out by soaking the lower part in the nutrient solution, so that the picking interval time of tea leaves is shorter, and high economic benefit can be generated. Based on the method, the soilless culture method has the characteristic of high quality of the produced tea; the soilless culture method has the characteristics of short production interval period, simple and convenient operation, low cost and high economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
The nutrient solution can be replaced by plant glucose, the plant glucose is obtained by squeezing juice of other plants according to a corresponding proportion and uniformly mixing the juice with water, and the effect of the nutrient solution is slightly poorer than that of the nutrient solution adopted by the invention, but can also be realized.
The inventor finds out the growth rule of the tea fruit embryo from the plant growth environment of the tea fruit and the tea branches, such as temperature, humidity, climate and required nutrition; the following soilless culture method is finally obtained by changing the required environment, regulating and controlling the temperature and researching and developing the nutrient solution.
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
Further, the soilless culture method of the tea leaves further comprises the following steps: B. soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
In order to prevent bacteria and the like from affecting the development of tea branches, the flower mud is disinfected before use.
Further, the soilless culture method of the tea leaves further comprises the following steps: C. and (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
Further, the tea fruit in the step C is placed on the flower mud in the step B of the step B, and the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
Further, the nontoxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.006-0.01%.
Further, the time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 20-40 days, and the constant temperature is 24-26 ℃.
Further, the constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 24-26 ℃; the constant temperature in the step d of the step A is 24-29 ℃.
Further, the nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: squeezing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the proportion of 1:5-20 to obtain the nutrient solution.
Further, the soaking time in the step a of the step B is 4-8h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
The soaking time of the step a in the step A is 2-6 h.
Further, the tea is Sichuan tea.
The Sichuan tea is tea of naturally growing tea tree. Preferably, the tea fruit and branch of the non-artificially modified, naturally grown tea plant are used for cultivation.
Example 1
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
Example 2
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
Example 3
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
C. And (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
Example 4
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
C. And (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
And C, placing the tea fruit in the step C on the flower mud in the step B in the step B, wherein the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
Example 5
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
C. And (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
And C, placing the tea fruit in the step C on the flower mud in the step B in the step B, wherein the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
The non-toxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.006%.
The time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 20 days, and the constant temperature is 24 ℃.
The constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 24 ℃; the constant temperature in step d of step A is 24 ℃.
The nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: juicing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the ratio of 1:5 to obtain the nutrient solution.
The soaking time in the step a of the step B is 4h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
The tea is Sichuan tea.
Example 6
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
C. And (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
And C, placing the tea fruit in the step C on the flower mud in the step B in the step B, wherein the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
The non-toxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.01%.
The time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 40 days, and the constant temperature is 26 ℃.
The constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 26 ℃; the constant temperature in step d of step A is 29 ℃.
The nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: juicing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the ratio of 1:20 to obtain the nutrient solution.
The soaking time in the step a of the step B is 8h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
Further, the tea is Sichuan tea.
Example 7
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
C. And (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
And C, placing the tea fruit in the step C on the flower mud in the step B in the step B, wherein the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
The non-toxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.0096%.
The time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 25 days, and the constant temperature is 25 ℃.
The constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 25 ℃; the constant temperature in step d of step A is 26 ℃.
The nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: juicing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the ratio of 1:10 to obtain the nutrient solution.
The soaking time in the step a of the step B is 6h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
Further, the tea is Sichuan tea.
Example 8
A soilless culture method of tea leaves comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. and spraying nutrient solution to the germinated tea fruits at regular intervals in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining the cultured tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves.
B. Soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining the cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves.
C. And (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (c) putting the cultured tea fruit into the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, and winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body.
And C, placing the tea fruit in the step C on the flower mud in the step B in the step B, wherein the leaves of the cultivated tea branches are used for shading the tea fruit.
The non-toxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.008%.
The time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 29 days, and the constant temperature is 25 ℃.
The constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 25 ℃; the constant temperature in step d of step A is 25 ℃.
The nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: juicing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the ratio of 1:15 to obtain the nutrient solution.
The soaking time in the step a of the step B is 6h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
Further, the tea is Sichuan tea.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.

Claims (7)

1. A soilless culture method of tea is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. soilless culture of tea fruits:
a. soaking the tea fruits in a nontoxic disinfectant to obtain disinfected tea fruits;
b. fermenting the disinfected tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment for one time, and cracking the disinfected tea fruits to obtain fermented tea fruits;
c. performing secondary fermentation on the fermented tea fruits in a closed constant-temperature environment, and obtaining germinated tea fruits after the fermented tea fruits sprout;
d. regularly spraying nutrient solution on the germinated tea fruits in a constant temperature environment, and obtaining cultivated tea fruits after the germinated tea fruits grow new leaves;
B. soilless culture of tea branches:
a. soaking the tea branches in nutrient solution, and drying in the air to obtain soaked tea branches;
b. inserting the soaked tea branches into flower mud, putting the flower mud into nutrient solution for cultivation, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the soaked tea branches, and obtaining cultivated tea branches after the soaked tea branches grow new leaves;
C. and (3) winding and cultivating tea fruits and tea branches: and (B) placing the cultured tea fruit in the nutrient solution obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), placing the cultured tea fruit close to the root of the cultured tea branch in a backlight mode, regularly spraying the nutrient solution to the cultured tea branch and the cultured tea fruit, winding the tentacles of the tea fruit and the root of the tea branch together to obtain a tea fruit and tea branch wound culture body, placing the tea fruit on the flower mud obtained in the step (B) of the step (B), and using leaves of the cultured tea branch for shading the tea fruit.
2. A method of soilless culture of tea leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nontoxic disinfectant in the step a is a potassium permanganate solution, and the mass fraction of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.006-0.01%.
3. A method of soilless culture of tea leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the time of primary fermentation in the step a of the step A is 20-40 days, and the constant temperature is 24-26 ℃.
4. A method of soilless culture of tea leaves as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the constant temperature in the step b of the step A is 24-26 ℃; the constant temperature in the step d of the step A is 24-29 ℃.
5. A method of soilless culture of tea as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein: the nutrient solution in all the steps is prepared by the following steps: squeezing the tea fruit shells, naturally fermenting, and uniformly mixing with water according to the proportion of 1:5-20 to obtain the nutrient solution.
6. A method of soilless culture of tea as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein: the soaking time in the step a of the step B is 4-8h, and the regular period in all the steps is morning, noon and evening.
7. A method of soilless culture of tea as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein: the tea is Sichuan tea.
CN201811506580.6A 2018-12-10 2018-12-10 Soilless culture method for tea Expired - Fee Related CN109496810B (en)

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CN105684854A (en) * 2016-03-02 2016-06-22 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 Single-bud soilless cutting propagation method of camellia
CN107242130A (en) * 2017-08-09 2017-10-13 信阳祥云茶业有限公司 Clonal cultivar method for culturing seedlings
CN107494106A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-22 安徽汇灵农业科技有限公司 A kind of seeding growing seedlings method of tea tree

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101569266A (en) * 2009-06-08 2009-11-04 丽水市农业科学研究院 Method for propagating tea plants
CN101669427A (en) * 2009-10-09 2010-03-17 大理白族自治州园艺工作站 Combined pot culture method for Yunnan camellia
CN104737893A (en) * 2015-04-23 2015-07-01 刘洋 Pollution-free culture method of quality tea trees
CN105613236A (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-06-01 吕福贵 Method for planting ardisia japonica
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