CN109492887A - Mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games of the present invention include the following steps: step 1. server publication gunz perception task；2. equipment receives task broadcast to step；Step 3. system initialization is that control parameter θ and policy update frequency τ is arranged in equipment firstn, while each equipment random selection strategy an∈AnInitial policy as oneself selects；4. step calculates social groups' income；5. step updates strategy interaction；6. step notifies the policy selection of server apparatus.Promote to reach stable social groups' Nash Equilibrium between user the present invention is based on markovian mobile intelligent perception excitation algorithm, each user income obtained is to combine the lower optimal income that can be obtained from current strategies in this state.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mobile intelligent perception field, specifically a kind of mobile intelligent perception excitation based on gesture theory of games
Method.
Background technique
Mobile intelligent perception is primarily referred to as using the mobile device of ordinary user (mobile phone, tablet computer etc.) as basic perception
Unit carries out conscious or unconscious cooperation by mobile Internet, realizes that perception task distribution is collected with perception data, complete
At large-scale, complicated social perception task.Compared to traditional wireless sensor network, mobile intelligent perception overcomes nothing
The disadvantages of difficulty is big, maintenance cost is high, and purposes is single, is disposed at line sensor network, and has perception information multiplicity, and perception is covered
Lid spatial dimension is more extensive, perception at any time, everywhere the characteristics of.Currently, mobile intelligent perception have become one it is new important
Internet application mode, covers the every aspect of people's life, including environmental monitoring, intelligent transportation, social networks, business,
Medical treatment, the fields such as transport, to push society to bring unprecedented opportunities with city management innovation, but also there are also many simultaneously
Problems demand solves.
Although mobile device, which carries out mobile gunz perception task, can obtain income, simultaneously as privacy leakage, is received
The energy caused by collection, processing and upload data and bandwidth consumption generate cost, and mobile device how effectively to be motivated to participate in movement
Intelligent perception just becomes a very important research hotspot.Game theory is to solve the problems, such as this most important theories method.So
And the existing method based on game theory, often all only focus on two kinds of extreme cases.One is when designing excitation algorithm,
Optimization aim is the overall performance (NUM, Network Utility Maximization) of mobile gunz sensing network.Solve this
The game theoretical model of kind problem assumes that all users in network are unselfish, cooperations, and optimization aim is completely the same, i.e.,
Optimize the income of whole network.Another kind is when designing excitation algorithm, and optimization aim is that maximization single user is respective
Interests (NCG, Non-Cooperative Game).Solve the problems, such as that this game theoretical model assumes that all users in network are
Selfish, rationality, disoperative, their optimization aim is to maximize the income of oneself.However, mobile community network goes out
Set up both hypothesis no longer.Because the people in mobile community network has social relationships abundant, and various passes
It is that intimate degree is also different, the user in mobile community network is not completely unselfish, nor completely selfish, often table
Now the other users for having different society relationship with him are also taken into account while considering oneself interests for certain group's property
Interests.
Social relationships in mobile community network are abstracted into social relation network, by between many nodes and node
Relationship constitute a network structure.Node, which generally refers to personal or groups, social relation network, just represents individual
Or the social relationships between tissue, and object is together in series according to these social relationships.Social relation network relies on
Miscellaneous relationship and formed, such as blood relationship, friendship, hobby, job specification, values, ideal, conflict, and then produce
Raw complicated network structure.Social groups' maximum revenue frame (SGUM, Social Group Utility
Maximization) be game theory research a whole new set of applications frame, pass through introduce user between social relationships, the frame energy
It is enough to incorporate social relationships in revenue function, and be dedicated to solving social groups' maximum revenue, thus solve to be located at NUM and
The problem on continuous space between two extreme problems of NCG.
SGUM frame has widely applied to various application scenarios since proposition, including the spectral channel based on database
Selection, the calculating transfer of thin cloud, location privacy protection etc..Extensive research has been obtained in the incentive mechanism of intelligent perception.It passes
The intelligent perception incentive mechanism of system relates generally to five aspects, remuneration payment incentive, amusement game motivate, social networks motivate,
Virtual integral excitation and mixed excitation.Lee etc. for the first time applies the reverse auction in economic field in intelligent perception incentive mechanism
In research, while minimizing payment cost, guarantee higher participation rate.Feng etc. is using the combinational auction in reverse auction
Mode motivates participant, and participant can bid multiple perception tasks according to oneself position and sensing range, server
Platform bids situation according to the participant summarized to select to win mark person.Ueyama etc. by introduce existing social network information come
Dishonest selfish participant is detected, and it is punished to motivate participant.Luo etc. proposes a kind of based on nepotistical sharp
Mechanism is encouraged, guarantees the credibility of participant's quality of data by the endorsement relationship established between participant.Virtual integral excitation
Different from the remuneration means of payment, participant cannot directly obtain payt, but virtual integral can satisfy participant self
Psychological needs in terms of Value Realization, vanity play the role of guiding performance to participant, increase user's viscosity.Swash in intelligent perception
It encourages in mechanism, in order to preferably motivate participant, often integrates two kinds or more of energisation mode.
For social networks, Chen etc. proposes SGUM betting model, and has been used in the spectral channel based on database
In selection.SGUM betting model had both considered the influence of physical layer, it is also considered that the influence of social relationships is dedicated to obtaining society
The maximization of meeting group's income.Tang etc. further uses SGUM betting model in the calculating transfer of thin cloud equipment, leads to
It crosses design and excitation algorithm is shifted to determine whether equipment uploads to thin cloud for calculating task and carry out based on markovian calculating
Processing.Gong etc. solves the Pareto of social consciousness using SGUM model most for the location privacy protection in mobile network
It is excellent.It is found by literature search, so far, SGUM betting model is directed to the incentive mechanism and distributed shifting of mobile intelligent perception
The current still blank out of the research of dynamic intelligent perception excitation algorithm.The present invention is based on gesture theory of games, optimize frame by SGUM
Frame, designs the incentive mechanism of a mobile intelligent perception, and emphasis will design a gesture game function and based on the function
Theoretical proof with the feasibility of proof scheme, and designs and promotes to win based on markovian mobile intelligent perception excitation algorithm
User in playing chess reaches social groups' Nash Equilibrium.
Summary of the invention
Consider that the intelligent perception application architecture of remuneration payment incentive is as shown in Figure 1.Intelligent perception cloud platform is sent out first
The ideal remuneration amount of money of cloth perception task and perception task, perception task participant register in platform, and are returned according to task
Report and participation cost decide whether to participate in the task.The decision that platform is submitted according to user, selection need the user of quantity.User
The data content being collected into is uploaded into intelligent perception cloud platform, finally by intelligent perception cloud platform distributed tasks remuneration.
Although mobile device, which carries out mobile gunz perception task, can obtain profit return, simultaneously as privacy is let out
The energy caused by data and bandwidth consumption generation cost are collected and uploaded to dew, and mobile device how effectively to be motivated to participate in movement
Intelligent perception just becomes a very important research hotspot.In order to solve this problem, abundant using SGUM betting model
User is in state of both physical network and community network for consideration, and defines social groups' revenue function and equipment user is promoted to join
With mobile gunz perception task.Physical relation layer and social relationships layer structure under mobile gunz aware application is as shown in Fig. 2, rich
During playing chess, user equipment not only only focuses on itself and is participating in the getable income of intelligent perception institute, while can also take into account
There is the income of the other users of different society relationship with him.Based on gesture theory of games, SGUM is applied to mobile intelligent perception
In exciting torque, and designs and promote user equipment to be finally reached based on markovian mobile intelligent perception excitation algorithm
One stable social groups' Nash Equilibrium.Its specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games, include the following steps:
1. server issues gunz perception task to step；
2. equipment receives task broadcast to step；
Step 3. system initialization is that control parameter θ and policy update frequency τ is arranged in equipment firstn, while each equipment
Random selection strategy an∈AnInitial policy as oneself selects；
4. step calculates social groups' income；
5. step updates strategy interaction；
6. step notifies the policy selection of server apparatus.
Further, the step is 1. specific as follows: intelligent perception server initiation perception task, while sending notice
Obtain the equipment essential information of close-proximity target zone；The corresponding remuneration b of each equipment is arranged according to the property of task in servern,
And competitive risk cost c of the current task under the regions；After initializing these information, transmission task is broadcasted to each and is set
It is standby.
Further, the step is 2. specific as follows: after equipment receives the task broadcast of gunz application server transmission,
It is calculated according to the performance of task character and self-sensor device or other modules and is also required in collection, processing, transmission data
Undertake corresponding cost Cn, the remuneration b that finally will acquiren, calculate cost CnWith competitive risk cost csIt is updated to distributed calculation
In method model.
Further, the step is 4. specific as follows: the social groups' revenue function for defining user n is as follows:
Wherein, N indicates user's set in model, and a indicates strategy combination,Indicate that there are social relationships with user n
User m；Tactful revenue function Un(a) there is corresponding expression way in different application scenarios；Each equipment n is according to public affairs
Formula (1) generates the social groups' income of itself with the strategy combination that current device determines, while following mean value and beingIndex point
Cloth generates the timer of itself, and starts timer.
Further, the step is 5. specific as follows: entering cyclic process, is successively set to each according to expiring for timer
It is standby to carry out policy update；If the timer of equipment n expires, equipment n reselects new strategy interaction a 'n∈An\anAs oneself
The strategy that will be updated, while calculating itself social groups income S at this timen(a′n,a-n)；Timer expires each time, have and
Only an equipment user updates strategy interaction；Simultaneously according to this stylish social groups' income, equipment will with such as lower probability into
Row policy update:
When the new strategy interaction of equipment provides better income, i.e. Sn(a′n,a-n)≥Sn(an,a-n) when, user at this time
New strategy a ' will be converted to probability 1nOn.According to the property of gesture game it is found that the new strategy a ' of selectionnIt can in gesture game
Enough promote the social groups income S of user nn(a), while also it is able to ascend the income of potential function φ (a)；When the strategy that equipment is old
Behavior provides better income, i.e. Sn(a′n,a-n) < Sn(an,a-n) when, user n will be with probability at this timeRest on old strategy an, with probabilityUpdate new strategy a 'n；When user n is selected
New strategy caused by income be less than it is old strategy caused by income when, user n rests on the probability of old strategy with new
Jiu Liangzhong social groups revenue function Sn(an,a-n)-Sn(a′n,a-n) difference increase and increase.
Further, the step is 6. specific as follows: when the equipment in system has reached social consciousness Nash Equilibrium, that is, existing
Under current strategy combination, none participant can promote his social group by the single strategy action for changing itself
When body income, jumping out circulation terminates gambling process；Meanwhile each equipment sends the plan that message informs intelligent perception server itself
Slightly.
The present invention is based on gesture theory of games, and SGUM is applied in mobile intelligent perception exciting torque, are moved with motivating
Dynamic intelligent perception user plays an active part in perception task, improves intelligent perception application effect.Horde has been dissolved into social relationships
In intelligence perception, the focus of the strategy decision of user is not only in that the income of itself, while also making every effort to have social relationships with itself
User group maximum revenue.By constructing potential function, so that betting model becomes gesture game, to theoretically prove
The incentive mechanism of design can reach social groups' Nash Equilibrium an of pure strategy.The present invention is based on markovian movements
Intelligent perception excitation algorithm promotes to reach stable social groups' Nash Equilibrium between user, and each user is obtained in this state
The income obtained is to combine the lower optimal income that can be obtained from current strategies.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the intelligent perception application architecture figure for considering remuneration payment incentive；
Fig. 2 is physical relation layer and social relationships layer figure under mobile gunz aware application；
Fig. 3 is based on markovian mobile intelligent perception excitation algorithm flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings.
Mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games of the invention are theoretical as follows:
Step 1: social groups' maximum revenue betting model: in order to which applied field is dissolved into the social relationships between user
Jing Zhong, the income that we define user n mainly consist of two parts, and a part is the tactful income U of itselfn(a), a part is
With the weight of the tactful income for the user group for itself having social relationships and.According to society's connection between user in sociogram
Weight wnm, social groups' revenue function that we can define user n is as follows:
Wherein, N indicates user's set in model, and a indicates strategy combination,Indicate that there are social relationships with user n
User m.Tactful revenue function Un(a) there is corresponding expression way in different application scenarios, therefore social groups' income
Function has good universality.But in each application, the tactful revenue function for redefining user is to need emphasis solution
Certainly the problem of.
Step 2: mobile intelligent perception revenue function Un(a) define: in mobile gunz aware application environment, equipment is logical
It crosses data collection, calculate and then upload data to intelligent perception server.If data are received by server, user equipment can
It is b to obtain profit return from service providern.At the same time, equipment is also required to hold in collection, processing, transmission data
Carry on a shoulder pole corresponding cost Cn, cost here mainly consider the device resource as caused by collection data consume.Equipment is to related data
Collection be the process continuously measured, enable equipment n sample frequency be fn, the equipment cost under unit sample frequency is cn,
The then cost C of intelligent perception servicen=cnfn.Meanwhile when equipment n selects to participate in intelligent perception task, there is set with other
The risk of standby competition, it is assumed that the risk is cs, and the competitive risk increases with increasing for remaining participating user.At this point, if
The strategy interaction of other equipment remains unchanged, then the revenue function of equipment is under current stateWhen equipment is refused
When participating in intelligent perception task absolutely, equipment does not both obtain profit return from service provider, pays without collection data are undertaken
Cost out, the revenue function of equipment are 0.Therefore, under intelligent perception application scenarios, the revenue function of user is expressed as follows:
Step 3: being directed to gesture theory of games, provide first defined below:
Define 1: Nash Equilibrium: and if only if none participant can by it is single change itself strategy action come
When promoting his income, we then claim the strategy combination in model at this timeFor the Nash Equilibrium in game, indicate
It is as follows:
Wherein, N indicates user's set in model, anIndicate the strategy of user n selection, a-nIt indicates to remove user n in set
The strategy combination of other users in addition, Un(an,a-n) indicate function income of the user n under current strategies combination, a*Expression is received assorted
Strategy combination under equilibrium state,Indicate the policy selection of user n under Nash Equilibrium state.
Define 2: complete gesture game: if there are a function phis (a) by game Γ so that for any one user n ∈ N and
Speech, when the strategy of n is an,an′∈An, and the strategy combination of remaining user is a-n∈∏i≠nAi, there are equation Un(an′,
a-n)-Un(an,a-n)=φ (a 'n,a-n)-φ(an,a-n).At this point, we, which then deserve to be called, states game Γ as complete gesture game, and
Function phi (a) is the corresponding potential function of complete gesture game, and complete gesture game certainly exists the Nash Equilibrium of pure strategy.
Wherein, AnIndicate all policies ensemble space of user n, φ (an,a-n) indicate that potential function is combined in current strategies
The value of lower a.
It is defining 1 and is defining the definition described respectively in gesture theory of games about Nash Equilibrium and complete gesture game in 2.
Enable game Γ={ N, { An},{SnIt is SGUM game, wherein N indicates user's set, AnIndicate the strategy combination space of user n,
SnIt indicates the social groups' income of user n under this policy, continues to provide as given a definition:
Definition 3: the single plan for changing itself social consciousness Nash Equilibrium: can be passed through and if only if none participant
Slightly social groups income of the action to promote him when, we then claim the strategy combination in model at this timeIt is above-mentioned
Social consciousness Nash Equilibrium in SGUM game, is expressed as follows:
Wherein, Sn(an,a-n) indicate user n current strategies combination under a social groups' function income.
Assuming that each equipment corresponds to the competitive risk c of the task in the time interval of particular task publication broadcastsPhase
Deng, and society's connection is symmetrical, i.e. wnm=wmn.Enable above-mentioned SGUM game rich as gesture next, needing to construct potential function
It plays chess, to obtain the social consciousness Nash Equilibrium of pure strategy.
Step 4: pure strategy social consciousness Nash Equilibrium proves: construction potential function is expressed as follows:
Wherein, I{E}It is a marker function, the I when event E is set up{E}=1；Conversely, the I when event E is invalid{E}=
0.According to property Sn(an′,a-n)-Sn(an,a-n)=φ (an′,a-n)-φ(an,a-n) proof, above-mentioned SGUM game is complete
Gesture game, and shown in potential function such as formula (5).Therefore, SGUM game certainly exists the social consciousness Nash Equilibrium of pure strategy.
Step 5: being based on markovian mobile intelligent perception incentive mechanism: being directed to the potential function of formula (5), establish
Markov near optimal solves.
Wherein, Ω indicates the interblock space of all policies, qaIndicate the selected probability of strategy combination a, θ representation formula
Control parameter and pass throughGuarantee asymptotical optimality.As θ → ∞, it can maximize potential function φ's (a)
Optimal solution will be selected with probability 1.Meanwhile it can solve to obtain optimal solution and be expressed as follows:
The present invention devises one based on markovian mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques, comes in a distributed fashion
Determine whether intelligent perception user participates in perception task.Because the characteristic of Markov Chain time-reversible reach it always can
To unique Stationary Distribution, the Stationary Distribution is unrelated with initial system mode, also unrelated with the renewal sequence of state.Therefore right
In any one given initial policy selection and renewal sequence, the policy selection of equipment under intelligent perception incentive mechanism is moved most
It is attained by Stationary Distribution state eventually, i.e., unique social consciousness Nash Equilibrium.
The social Nash Equilibrium of perception task strategy is solved by one sufficiently large control parameter θ of setting.It enables
timernFor the timer that system gives each user to generate, which is distributed and numerical value is τn.The meter of user n
When device timernBy time τnAfter expire, the perception task that will then attempt to update user n itself participates in decision-making, and more
Strategy after new is different from original strategy.The process of algorithm is as shown in figure 3, conceptual design is 6 steps, wherein being 1. service
Device issues gunz perception task, is 2. 3. 4. 5. the distributed algorithm based on markovian mobile intelligent perception incentive mechanism
6. process notifies the policy selection of server itself for equipment.It is specific as follows:
1. server issues gunz perception task.Intelligent perception server initiation perception task, while sending notice and obtaining
Take the equipment essential information of close-proximity target zone.The corresponding remuneration b of each equipment is arranged according to the property of task in servern, with
And competitive risk cost c of the current task under the regions.After initializing these information, transmission task is broadcasted to each equipment.
2. equipment receives task broadcast.After equipment receives the task broadcast of gunz application server transmission, according to task
The performance of property and self-sensor device or other modules is calculated to be also required to undertake accordingly in collection, processing, transmission data
Cost Cn, the remuneration b that finally will acquiren, calculate cost CnWith competitive risk cost csIt is updated to distributed algorithm model
In.
3. system initialisation phase.It is first that control parameter θ and policy update frequency is arranged in equipment by system into after algorithm
Rate τn, while each equipment random selection strategy an∈AnInitial policy as oneself selects.
4. calculating social groups' income.Each equipment n is generated according to formula (1) with the strategy combination that current device determines
The social groups' income of itself, while following mean value and beingExponential distribution generate the timer of itself, and start timer.
5. updating strategy interaction.Into cyclic process, strategy is successively carried out more to each equipment according to expiring for timer
Newly.If the timer of equipment n expires, at this point, equipment n reselects new strategy interaction a 'n∈An\anIt will be more as oneself
New strategy, while calculating itself social groups income S at this timen(a′n,a-n).Timer expires each time, has and only one
A equipment user updates strategy interaction.Simultaneously according to this stylish social groups' income, equipment will carry out strategy with such as lower probability
It updates.
Above formula is analyzed, when the new strategy interaction of equipment provides better income, i.e. Sn(a′n,a-n)≥Sn(an,a-n) when,
User will be converted to new strategy a ' with probability 1 at this timenOn.According to the property of gesture game it is found that the new strategy a ' that we selectn?
The social groups income S of user n can either be promoted in gesture gamen(a), while also it is able to ascend the income of potential function φ (a).When
The old strategy interaction of equipment provides better income, i.e. Sn(a′n,a-n) < Sn(an,a-n) when, user n will be with probability at this timeRest on old strategy an, with probabilityUpdate new strategy a 'n.Obviously, as user n
When income caused by the new strategy of selection is less than income caused by old strategy, user n rest on the probability of old strategy with
New and old Liang Zhong social groups revenue function Sn(an,a-n)-Sn(a′n,a-n) difference increase and increase.
6. notifying the policy selection of server apparatus.When the equipment in system has reached social consciousness Nash Equilibrium, that is, exist
Under current strategy combination, none participant can promote his social group by the single strategy action for changing itself
When body income, jumping out circulation terminates gambling process.Meanwhile each equipment sends the plan that message informs intelligent perception server itself
Slightly.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games, include the following steps:
1. server issues gunz perception task to step；
2. equipment receives task broadcast to step；
Step 3. system initialization is that control parameter θ and policy update frequency τ is arranged in equipment firstn, while each equipment is random
Selection strategy an∈AnInitial policy as oneself selects；
4. step calculates social groups' income；
5. step updates strategy interaction；
6. step notifies the policy selection of server apparatus.
2. the mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
It is rapid 1. specific as follows: intelligent perception server initiation perception task, while sending the equipment that notice obtains close-proximity target zone
Essential information；The corresponding remuneration b of each equipment is arranged according to the property of task in servernAnd current task is under the region
Competitive risk cost cs；After initializing these information, transmission task is broadcasted to each equipment.
3. the mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the step
It is rapid 2. specific as follows: after equipment receives the task broadcast of gunz application server transmission, according to task character and itself to pass
The performance of sensor or other modules is calculated to be also required to undertake corresponding cost C in collection, processing, transmission datan, finally will
The remuneration b gotn, calculate cost CnWith competitive risk cost csIt is updated in distributed algorithm model.
4. the mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the step
Rapid 4. specific as follows: the social groups' revenue function for defining user n is as follows:
Wherein, N indicates user's set in model, and a indicates strategy combination,Indicate that there are the use of social relationships with user n
Family m；Tactful revenue function Un(a) there is corresponding expression way in different application scenarios；Each equipment n is according to formula
(1), the social groups' income of itself is generated with the strategy combination that current device determines, while follows mean value and isExponential distribution
The timer of itself is generated, and starts timer.
5. the mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the step
It is rapid 5. specific as follows: to enter cyclic process, policy update is successively carried out to each equipment according to expiring for timer；If equipment n
Timer expire, equipment n reselects new strategy interaction a 'n∈An\anAs the strategy that oneself will be updated, count simultaneously
Calculate itself social groups income S at this timen(a′n,a-n)；Timer expires each time, one and only one equipment user updates
Strategy interaction；Simultaneously according to this stylish social groups' income, equipment will carry out policy update with such as lower probability:
When the new strategy interaction of equipment provides better income, i.e. Sn(a′n,a-n)≥Sn(an,a-n) when, user will be at this time
Probability 1 is converted to new strategy a 'nOn.According to the property of gesture game it is found that the new strategy a ' of selectionnIt can either be mentioned in gesture game
Rise the social groups income S of user nn(a), while also it is able to ascend the income of potential function φ (a)；When the strategy interaction that equipment is old
Provide better income, i.e. Sn(a′n,a-n) < Sn(an,a-n) when, user n will be with probability at this timeStop
Stay in old strategy an, with probabilityUpdate new strategy a 'n；When user n selection new strategy caused by receive
When benefit is less than income caused by old strategy, user n rests on the probability of old strategy with new and old Liang Zhong social groups income
Function Sn(an,a-n)-Sn(a′n,a-n) difference increase and increase.
6. the mobile intelligent perception motivational techniques based on gesture theory of games as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the step
It is rapid 6. specific as follows: when the equipment in system has reached social consciousness Nash Equilibrium, i.e., under current strategy combination, without one
When a participant can be by the single tactful social groups' income taken action to promote him for changing itself, it is rich to jump out circulation end
Play chess process；Meanwhile each equipment sends the strategy that message informs intelligent perception server itself.
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