CN109488517B

CN109488517B - Floating body rope pulley wave energy collection system

Info

Publication number: CN109488517B
Application number: CN201811349728.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 请求不公布姓名
Original assignee: Jiangshan Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangshan Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-07-03
Filing date: 2016-07-03
Publication date: 2023-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2036-07-03
Also published as: CN107559132B; CN109488517A; CN107559132A

Abstract

And the floating body rope pulley wave energy acquisition system. The invention relates to a wave energy collection system, one end of a main rope/chain is tied on an anchor, the other end of the main rope/chain passes through a rope guide at the bottom of a floating body and then is led to a main winding drum/friction wheel group/chain wheel, and the other end of the main rope/chain downwards passes through another rope guide at the bottom of the floating body and then downwards extends to be connected with a counterweight. The floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system can improve the rope collecting tension and avoid the problem of effective acting stroke loss caused by the bending deformation of the original rope.

Description

Floating body rope pulley wave energy collection system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wave energy collection system, and belongs to the field of wave power generation.

Background

Wave energy converters (Wave Energy Converter, WEC for short) have not been commercialized until now. The problems are high cost, low efficiency, poor capability of resisting disaster and stormy waves, and US20130200626 and CN 103423074A are the closest technologies.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system which adopts a counterweight or a pulley to collect ropes and has better capacity of preventing the energy collection rope from bending and deforming, thereby having higher collection efficiency.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

A floating body rope pulley wave energy collection system (called as floating body rope pulley WEC for short) comprises a floating body, a gravity anchor, a linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, a main shaft and a counterweight/tension spring; the floating body floats on the sea surface, and the gravity anchors under the water below the floating body; the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism has three types: a main reel, a main rope, a secondary reel, a secondary rope, or a friction wheel, a rope, or a roller chain;

for reel + main rope formula + vice reel + vice rope formula, the structure of body rope sheave wave energy acquisition system is: one end of a main rope is tied on the gravity anchor, the other end of the main rope upwards extends upwards after passing through a rope guider/double-roller rope guider arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and finally is wound and fixed on a main winding drum at the tail end, a main shaft of the main winding drum is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat, the main winding drum and an auxiliary winding drum are connected through a main shaft or are linked through a gear/chain type transmission mechanism, an auxiliary rope is fixed and wound on the auxiliary winding drum, and the other end of the auxiliary rope downwards extends and is tied on a counterweight; the tension of the auxiliary rope is opposite to the torque generated by the main shaft due to the tension of the main rope; the main winding drum outputs rotary power outwards through the axial direction of the main winding drum;

for friction wheel + rope type, the structure of the floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system is: one end of a rope is tied on the gravity anchor, the other end of the rope upwards extends upwards after passing through a cable guider/double-roller cable guide clamp arranged at the bottom of the floating body, downwards extends after bypassing the friction wheel, and is tied on a counterweight; the friction wheel is a wheel provided with a groove in a turning mode, and the friction coefficient of the surface of the groove is large; the friction wheel outputs rotary power outwards through a main shaft, and the main shaft is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat; the friction wheel and the rope can be replaced by a ring chain wheel and a chain;

For the roller chain wheel and roller chain type, the structure of the floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system is as follows: the floating body is a semi-closed shell with a hole on the bottom surface, an upright straight pipe is welded in a sealing way after the upper port of the straight pipe is butted with the hole on the bottom of the floating body, a cable guide device/double-roller cable guide clamp is arranged at the opening of the bottom end of the straight pipe, a rolling chain is arranged in the straight pipe, one end of the rolling chain is tied on one end of a rope, the other end of the rope passes through the cable guide device/double-roller cable guide clamp downwards and is tied on a gravity anchor below, the other end of the rolling chain passes through a chain wheel upwards and then extends downwards to be connected to a counterweight, a certain gap exists between the counterweight and the inner wall of the straight pipe, a vertical through hole is formed in the counterweight, the rope passes through the vertical through hole, the chain wheel outputs rotary power outwards through a main shaft, the main shaft is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat, and the straight pipe can also be regarded as a part of the floating body;

the balance weight of the three floating body rope wheel wave energy collection systems can be replaced by a tension spring, namely, the auxiliary rope/rolling chain is tied at one end of the tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed on the floating body;

the main rope, the gravity anchor and the rope/endless chain/roller chain of the section between the friction wheel/endless chain wheel/roller chain are collectively referred to as the energy recovery rope, and the auxiliary rope, the counterweight and the rope/endless chain/roller chain of the section between the friction wheel/endless chain wheel/roller chain are collectively referred to as the return rope.

The above is the core system of the floating body rope sheave wave energy collection system.

For core systems using counterweight roping, it is preferred that: the counterweight is connected with the reset rope through a second tension spring, namely one end of the second tension spring is connected with the counterweight, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the reset rope;

preferably: the spiral wire rod of the second tension spring is sleeved with a rubber tube;

preferably: the second tension spring is connected with one rope in parallel, namely one end of the second tension spring is connected with one end of the rope, the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the other end of the rope, and the length of the rope is equal to the length of the second tension spring when the second tension spring is allowed to be stretched to the maximum.

For core systems, it is preferred that: the energy collecting cable passes through the hard straight pipe; the top end of the hard straight pipe is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body through the rubber pipe, namely, the top end opening of the hard straight pipe is in butt joint with one end opening of the rubber pipe, and the other end opening of the rubber pipe is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body; or the top end of the hard straight pipe is connected with the bottom surface of the floating body through ropes, namely the left side and the right side of the upper port of the hard straight pipe are respectively connected with one ends of two ropes, the two ropes are separated in a forked mode, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the bottom surface of the floating body; a distance is reserved between the bottom end of the hard straight pipe and the anchor base;

Preferably: the main rope/chain penetrates out of a cable guide device/double-roller cable guide clamp arranged at the bottom end opening of the rigid pipe; a double-roller cable guide clamp/linear ball bearing can be arranged at a certain position in the hard straight pipe;

the hard straight pipe also can be replaced by a telescopic multistage sleeve, a main rope/chain penetrates through the telescopic multistage sleeve, and the top end of the telescopic multistage sleeve is in butt joint with the bottom surface of the floating body through a rubber pipe, namely: the top end of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is in butt joint with one end of a rubber tube, the other end of the rubber tube is in butt joint with the bottom surface of the floating body, and the telescopic multi-stage sleeve can be connected to the bottom surface of the floating body through a rope, namely: the left side and the right side of the upper port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve are respectively connected with one end of two ropes, the two ropes are separated, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the bottom surface of the floating body; the bottom port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve can also be connected to the gravity anchor in the same way, namely by butt joint of rubber tubes or by ropes;

preferably, for the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, the energy collecting cable passes through the cable guide/double-roller cable guide pliers arranged at the inlets at the two ends of the top and the bottom of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve. For core systems, it is preferred that: the device for removing attachments on the surface of the floating body is characterized by comprising the following specific structures: the floating body is in the shape of a revolving body, a rotating bearing coaxial with the floating body is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body by an inner ring, a scraping strip is fixedly connected on an outer ring of the rotating bearing, the scraping strip is in a slender shape and extends close to the outer surface of the floating body, and a certain gap is kept between the scraping strip and the outer surface of the floating body;

Preferably: the scraping strip extends only in the semi-cylindrical surface;

preferably: the scraping strip has small projection area in the rotation circumference direction, and can be fixedly connected with a wave receiving plate with large projection area in the circumference direction;

preferably: the device for removing the attachment mechanism may be: the floating body is in the shape of a revolution body, an inner ring of a rotary bearing coaxial with the floating body is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected with a crankshaft, and the crankshaft is in a slender shape, is close to the outer surface of the floating body, is in a shaft section of the floating body and extends only on one side of the axis; a roller brush is sleeved at a straight line section on the crankshaft, can freely rotate on the crankshaft and is close to the outer surface of the floating body;

preferably: a wave receiving plate is fixedly connected to the crankshaft, and the projection area of the wave receiving plate in the circumferential direction is large.

For core systems, it is preferred that: the marine attachment device for removing the main rope/chain is characterized by comprising the following specific structure: the sliding tube is sleeved on the main rope/chain, the specific gravity of the sliding tube is greater than that of water, the outer edge of the upper end face of the sliding tube is connected with a string, the string extends upwards from one inclined side, the other end of the string is fixed on the floating body, or the other end of the string is fixed on a winding drum of a miniature winch, the miniature winch is fixed on the floating body, and a motor of the miniature winch is controlled by a singlechip/PLC;

Preferably: a cable guide/double-roller cable guide clamp/brush hair is arranged in the sliding cylinder;

for core systems, it is preferred that: the number of friction wheels can be 2, so as to form a friction wheel group, namely: the friction wheel is connected with the gear shaft, the friction wheel, the gear, the shaft and the bearing seat thereof form a friction wheel gear unit, the shaft is arranged on the floating body rack through the bearing and the bearing seat, the axes of 2 identical friction wheel gear units are parallel, in the same direction, aligned on the end face and arranged on the rack in a close way, the gears of the two friction wheel gear units are meshed, but the size of each friction wheel is smaller than that of the gear, so that the friction wheels do not interfere with each other; the shaft of one unit of the friction wheel group outputs power, and the rope sequentially winds around the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit, wherein the winding means that the direction of the rope around the first friction wheel is opposite to the direction of the rope around the second friction wheel in the advancing process;

preferably: one to several same friction gear units are added in turn, all the friction gear units are installed according to the rules, the gears of each friction gear unit are meshed with the gears of the previous friction gear unit, one rope meanders around the friction wheel of each friction gear unit according to the meshing sequence, and the whole friction wheel set still only has the shaft of one friction gear unit to output power;

For the core system, preferably, the rope paired with the friction wheel may be such that: one rope is tied into a single knot at intervals of a length, and one rope of the rope knot is coated with polyurethane elastomer/rubber.

For core systems, it is preferred that: when a plurality of wave energy collection systems work together, the shell of the generator driven by the WEC is externally coated with an insulating layer to insulate the floating body, the shell of the generator is communicated with a bus on one side of the shell of the generator by a wire, the generator shaft receives external driving through a coupling with two mutually insulated sides, and the generator can be direct current or alternating current, and specifically comprises:

if the generator is a direct current generator, a power diode is connected in parallel, the P pole of the diode is connected with the negative pole of the generator, and parallel branches consisting of the direct current generators and the diodes of the wave energy collection systems are connected in series on a bus in the same direction;

if the generator is an alternating current generator, the output end of the generator is connected with a rectifier bridge, and the output ends of the rectifier bridges of the alternating current generators of the wave energy collection systems are connected in series on a bus in the same direction;

preferably: the + -output end of the rectifier bridge can be connected with a filter capacitor in parallel.

For core systems, it is preferred that: for a floating body rope sheave WEC of the counterweight rope-collecting non-rolling chain linear rotation conversion mechanism, installing another rope guider/double-roller rope guider on the floating body, and enabling a reset rope to pass through the rope guider/double-roller rope guider;

In addition, the device also comprises a double-rope winding prevention mechanism, and specifically comprises the following structures:

and (3) a submerged buoy side pull type: one end of a mooring rope is connected with the counterweight, the other end of the mooring rope extends downwards to one side, then the mooring rope bypasses a pulley and extends upwards, and finally is connected with an underwater floater, and a pulley frame of the pulley is connected with the other anchor group through a rope; or the counterweight is omitted, namely the reset rope from the floating body is directly connected with one end of a cable, the other end of the cable extends downwards to one side, then the cable bypasses a pulley and is finally connected with an underwater floater, and the pulley frame of the pulley is connected with the other anchor through a rope;

second, single catenary side pull: one end of a suspension anchor chain is tied on the counterweight, the other end extends downwards to one side and is finally connected to a ground-grasping anchor, the suspension chain can be replaced by a section of cable, and the middle of the cable is tied with the counterweight;

thirdly, side pulling at the side buoy: adding a buoy around the floating body at a certain distance, anchoring the floating body and the buoy at a certain position by a mooring system, tying one end of a mooring rope on the counterweight, extending the other end of the mooring rope to the lower part of the buoy, bypassing a pulley, extending downwards, and finally connecting a weight, wherein a pulley frame of the pulley is connected with the bottom surface of the buoy through a rope;

The counterweight can be omitted, and the reset rope is directly connected with the cable, so that the counterweight is used as the counterweight for rope collection;

it may also be: the cable guide device/double-roller cable guide pliers which are penetrated by the reset cable led out from the floating body are arranged on the side surface of the floating body, the reset cable penetrates out of the cable guide device/double-roller cable guide pliers and then horizontally extends, passes through a section of offshore distance and then penetrates through the cable guide device/double-roller cable guide pliers on the side surface of the floating body, then bypasses the guide roller arranged on the floating body to extend downwards, then penetrates through the cable guide device/double-roller cable guide pliers on the bottom surface of the floating body, then continues to extend downwards, and finally is tied on the counterweight; optionally, the method comprises the following steps: in the plurality of anchor chains/anchor lines anchoring the floating body/buoy, the anchor chain/anchor line in the direction of the reset line can be omitted; the reset rope can be used as an anchor rope to play a mooring role on the floating body/buoy;

fourth, the anchor chain side pull type: the floating body is anchored at a certain position by the multipoint mooring system, the counterweight connected with the reset rope is connected with one end of a mooring rope, the other end of the mooring rope extends downwards to one side obliquely to the vicinity of the middle part of a certain anchor chain of the mooring system, a weight is connected downwards after the floating body bypasses a pulley, and the pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the middle part of the anchor chain through a rope; the counterweight can be omitted, so that the reset rope is directly connected with one end of the mooring rope, and the counterweight is used as the counterweight for rope collection;

Preferably: for the four anti-winding mechanisms for side pulling of the counterweight by adopting the weight, a cable rope/a catenary for side pulling of the counterweight can be connected with the counterweight not directly but through a hard straight rod, namely, the cable rope/the catenary is connected with one end of the hard straight rod, and the other end of the hard straight rod is movably connected with the counterweight;

fifthly, double-suspension chain blocking rod type: two sides of the counterweight connected with the reset rope are respectively provided with an anchor chain, the two anchor chains are separated from each other downwards along two sides, and the other end of each anchor chain is respectively connected with a gravity anchor/ground-grasping anchor; the anchor chain can be replaced by an anchor cable, but a weight is tied in the middle of the anchor cable; the counterweight can be omitted, so that the reset cable is directly connected with the two anchor chains/anchor cables to form an inverted Y-shaped structure;

preferably: the lower half section of the energy collecting rope can be replaced by a hard straight rod, and the bottom end of the hard straight rod is connected with a gravity anchor through a pair of locking rings which are mutually buckled;

six, double-rope guiding type: the floating body is provided with two sets of same coaxial main winding drums/friction wheels/ring chain wheels with certain axial distance and matched energy collecting ropes, the two energy collecting ropes continue to extend downwards after passing through respective cable guides/double-roller cable guides, then respectively pass through two vertical holes with certain distance on the counterweight, and finally are connected to the gravity anchor;

Preferably, the upper inlet and the lower inlet of the vertical hole of the counterweight are respectively provided with a cable guide/double-roller cable guide clamp, and the cable can penetrate through the cable guide/double-roller cable guide clamp;

for the sixth, double-rope guiding type anti-winding mechanism, it is preferable that: the device also comprises a tension adjusting mechanism, and 3 designs are provided:

design 1: the pulley mode is adopted, namely: two energy collecting cables which are extended downwards by the floating body and are originally connected with the gravity anchor are combined into a strand at a position close to the upper part of the gravity anchor and bypass a pulley, and a pulley frame of the pulley is connected with the gravity anchor through a rope;

design 2: the main shaft, the winding drum/the friction wheel/the ring chain wheel/the roller chain wheel, the bearing and the bearing seat are all arranged in the equipment cabin, and the cable guide device/the double-roller cable guide clamp is arranged at the bottom surface opening of the equipment cabin;

the second floating body is connected with the equipment cabin in a U-shaped ring mode, one end of a cylinder is fixedly connected with the left outer wall of the equipment cabin shell, one end of the other cylinder is fixedly connected with the right outer wall of the equipment cabin shell, the two cylinders are coaxial, the two cylinders are respectively inserted into two holes of a U-shaped ring, and the outer side of the middle section of the U-shaped ring is connected with the bottom end of the second floating body; the cylindrical axis is perpendicular to the connecting line of the positions of the cable guide devices/the double-roller cable guide pliers through which the two energy collecting cables pass and coincides with the midpoint of the connecting line;

Design 3: for the lower part of the floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system, the two energy collection cables are not connected with the gravity anchor firstly, and are connected with the two ends of a hard straight rod firstly respectively, and the hard straight rod is connected with the gravity anchor through a Y-shaped rope, namely: the two top ends of the Y-shaped rope are respectively connected with the two ends of the hard straight rod, and the bottom end of the Y-shaped rope is connected with the gravity anchor;

for the upper part of the rope pulley WEC of the floating body, the floating body is of a second floating body suspending equipment cabin structure, and the connection between the second floating body and the equipment cabin adopts a U-shaped ring/single rope/Y-shaped rope connection mode; the U-shaped ring connection is the connection mode of design 2, and the single rope connection is that: one end of a cable is connected with the bottom surface of the second floating body, the other end of the cable is connected with a tying point on the top surface of the equipment compartment, and the tying point is arranged on an intersection point of the central lines of the two energy collecting cables (the two energy collecting cables are straightened by pulling the equipment compartment upwards, two nearly parallel energy collecting cables can determine a plane, and a straight line in the plane is parallel and equidistant with the two energy collecting cables, namely the central line); the Y-shaped rope connection mode is as follows: the plane where the Y-shaped rope is positioned is firstly parallel to the two straightened energy collecting ropes, then the center point of the Y-shaped rope is placed on the extension line of the center line, and then the two top ends of the Y-shaped rope are connected to the top surface of the equipment cabin; preferably: the plane of the Y-shaped rope coincides with the plane of the two energy collecting ropes;

Seventhly, penetrating a hanging anchor, wherein the hanging anchor is a gravity anchor hung in water; there are two types, the first: the two sides of the gravity anchor are respectively connected with one end of two ropes which suspend the gravity anchor and are separated from the upward fork, the other ends of the two ropes are respectively connected with two floats which are separated from each other by a certain distance on the sea surface, and the two floats are anchored; the gravity anchor is provided with a vertical through hole, the reset rope continuously descends after passing through the vertical through hole, and finally the reset rope is connected with a counterweight;

second kind: a cable is wound around a groove pulley, the top end of a gravity anchor is fixedly connected with a pulley frame of the pulley, two ends of the cable are respectively connected to two floats on the sea surface, which are separated by a certain distance, the two floats are anchored, a vertical through hole is formed in the gravity anchor, and the reset cable continuously extends downwards after passing through the through hole and is connected with a counterweight;

for the two hanging anchor type anti-winding mechanisms, it is preferable that: a cable guide device/a double-roller cable guide clamp is arranged at the upper inlet and the lower inlet of the through hole on the gravity anchor, and a reset cable passes through the cable guide clamp/the double-roller cable guide clamp;

for core systems, it is preferred that: the device also comprises an overrunning clutch, a backstop ratchet mechanism, a differential mechanism/planetary gear and an energy storage load-adjusting device; the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism is connected with one end of an overrunning clutch through a shaft or through gear/chain transmission, the other end of the overrunning clutch is connected with a ratchet shaft of a backstop ratchet mechanism, a backstop pawl is arranged on a rack, the ratchet is connected with a first power end of a differential mechanism/planetary gear in a shaft way, a second power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear drives a generator, and a third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a rotating component of input power of an energy storage load-adjusting device in a shaft way; the energy storage load-adjusting device has three types:

The first energy storage load regulating device is hydraulic and comprises a hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange device and a pressure regulating device;

the hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange devices are divided into two types, one type is a hydraulic cylinder, namely: an elongated piston rod of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, the elongated redundant section of which is made into a rack and meshed with a gear, the gear is in shaft connection with the third power end of the differential mechanism/the planetary gear, the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the frame, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder are connected with the energy accumulator through an oil pipe;

the gear rack transmission mechanism can also be replaced by a chain wheel and chain transmission mechanism, namely: the third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a roller chain wheel axle, one end of a roller chain meshed with the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a piston rod of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the roller chain is a weight/tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the frame; the oil inlet and outlet of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with an energy accumulator through an oil pipe;

preferably, the weight is arranged in a vertical sliding cylinder and keeps a gap with the inner wall of the vertical sliding cylinder, and the sliding cylinder is fixed on the frame;

the same gear rack transmission mechanism can be replaced by a reel rope transmission mechanism, namely: the third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with the winding drum in an axial manner, one end of a cable is fixed on the winding drum and is wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the cable is connected with a piston rod of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder; the oil inlet and outlet of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with an energy accumulator through an oil pipe;

The second hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange device adopts a positive displacement pump and a motor, namely: the positive displacement pump and the motor are in shaft connection with the third power end of the differential mechanism/the planetary gear; one oil inlet and outlet of the volumetric pump and motor are connected with an oil tank through an oil pipe, and the other oil inlet and outlet of the volumetric pump and motor are connected with an energy accumulator through an oil pipe;

the structures of the two hydraulic and mechanical energy conversion devices and the matched pressure regulating devices can be 3:

the 1 st is: the air bag of the energy accumulator is connected with an outlet of an electric valve flow distribution type air pump through an air pipe, an inlet of the valve flow distribution type air pump is connected with the atmosphere, an air pipe branch is further branched between the valve flow distribution type air pump and the air bag, the air pipe branch is connected with the atmosphere through an electromagnetic valve, and the MCU acquires pressure information according to a pressure sensor on the air pipe connected with the air bag and controls the start and stop of the valve flow distribution type air pump and the on-off of the electromagnetic valve; the valve-matched hydraulic pump can also be replaced by a serial branch of the end face flow-matched hydraulic pump and a one-way valve, and the conduction direction of the one-way valve is towards one side of the air bag;

the 2 nd is: the air bag of the energy accumulator is connected with an air pipe, the air pipe is connected to an electric end face flow distribution plunger pump through a pressure sensor and an electromagnetic valve in sequence, and the other inlet and outlet of the end face flow distribution plunger pump are connected with the atmosphere; the MCU reads information sent by the pressure sensor and controls the start and stop of the end face flow distribution plunger pump and the on-off of the electromagnetic valve;

3 rd: the hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange device has a plurality of energy accumulators and different air bag pressures; the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/volumetric pump and motor inlet and outlet (high pressure side) lead out oil pipes, the fork is divided into multiple branches, each branch is connected with an energy accumulator after passing through an electromagnetic valve, the pressure of the energy accumulator air bags on each branch is different, and the singlechip/PLC can control the on-off of the electromagnetic valve on each branch;

preferably, the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/volumetric pump also serves as a motor inlet and outlet (high pressure side), a pressure sensor is arranged on an led oil pipe, and the MCU/PLC performs switching control on the electromagnetic valves on each branch according to the pressure sensor;

the second energy storage load-adjusting device is pneumatic, namely: the third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a roller chain wheel shaft, one end of a roller chain meshed with the roller chain wheel is connected with a piston rod of a first cylinder, and the first cylinder is a single-acting cylinder; the other end of the roller chain is a weight/tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is tied on the frame; the first cylinder is fixed on the frame, and the air inlet and outlet holes on the first cylinder are connected with the rear load adjusting device through the air pipe, and the load adjusting devices are of two types, namely a cylinder type and an air pump type;

cylinder type: the air pipe led out of the first air cylinder is connected with a second air cylinder after passing through an electromagnetic valve, the second air cylinder is a single-acting air cylinder, a piston rod of the single-acting air cylinder is lengthened, a lengthened part is made into a rack, a gear meshed with the rack is connected with a rotor shaft of a servo motor controlled by a PLC, and the PLC controls the rotation of the servo motor and the on-off of the electromagnetic valve according to the state of the motor fed back by a position module of the servo motor or the signal of a pressure sensor on the air pipe led out of the first air cylinder;

Air pump type: one inlet and outlet of the air pump with one end face being distributed is connected with the atmosphere, the other air inlet is connected with an air pipe, the air pipe is connected with the single-acting air cylinder through an electromagnetic valve, and the air pump is connected with a rotor shaft of the servo motor; the PLC controls the rotation of the servo motor and the on-off of the electromagnetic valve according to the signal of the pressure sensor on the air pipe led out by the single-acting air cylinder;

also, the sprocket and chain mechanism described above may be replaced with a reel-rope mechanism/rack and pinion mechanism.

The third energy storage load-adjusting device is a spring type, namely: the third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a winding drum shaft, one end of a mooring rope is fixed and wound on the winding drum, the other end of the mooring rope is connected with one end of a tension spring, the other end of the tension spring is connected with one end of a braid, the other end of the braid is fixed and wound on a winding drum of a winding machine, a motor of the winding machine is connected with the winding drum shaft of the winding machine through a torque sensor, and a singlechip/PLC (programmable logic controller) performs forward and reverse rotation and braking control on the winding machine by reading data of the torque sensor.

For the three energy storage load-adjusting mechanisms:

preferably: a torque limiter is inserted between the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism and the overrunning clutch, namely, a main shaft of the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism is connected with one end of the torque limiter in a shaft way, and the other end of the torque limiter is connected with one end of the overrunning clutch in a shaft way;

Preferably: the MCU/PLC of the energy storage load-adjusting device can receive an external control command through an external antenna;

preferably: for the energy storage load adjusting device with the air cylinder/hydraulic cylinder, a position sensor for monitoring the position of the piston is arranged on the air cylinder/hydraulic cylinder, and the position sensor signals an MCU or a PLC.

The invention has the following advantages:

1) The reset rope in the floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system is connected with the counterweight through the spring, so that the pulling force of the energy collection rope in the trough can be improved, the reset quantity is improved, the loss of wave height utilization caused by flexible bending of the energy collection rope is reduced, and the pulling force of the reset rope is reduced in the crest of the wave, so that more buoyancy of the floating body is used for acting.

2) The rigid pipe/multistage telescopic sleeve can prevent the energy collecting rope from being directly bent under the impact of seawater (if the bending is too much, part wave height is used for straightening the energy collecting rope when the floating body floats upwards), thereby avoiding wave height acting loss.

3) According to the scheme of removing marine attachments by the scraper/press roller, the marine attachment organisms attached to the surface of the floating body are removed by means of torque force generated by impact force of seawater, and the attachments are removed manually.

4) The 'sliding drum removes attachments on the rope' scheme utilizes the motion of the energy collection rope relative to the sliding drum to remove attachments, and labor cost is saved.

5) The linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism of the friction wheel group and the rope can ensure that the rope does not need to be repeatedly wound like a winding drum, thereby reducing the volume, saving part of speed increasing mechanism and reducing the cost.

6) The motor insulation serial scheme can solve the problem of energy collection of wave power generation at low cost, and safety and reliability are improved.

7) The double-rope winding prevention mechanisms can effectively prevent the two ropes from being mutually wound;

8) The energy storage load-adjusting system can convert unstable wave power into power required by rotation of a stable generator, and can adjust work load.

Drawings

Fig. 1: WEC structure diagram of double-main-rope self-guiding winding-preventing mechanism, winding drum mechanism and spring counterweight

Fig. 1A: second floating body is hung equipment cabin structure diagram through U-shaped ring

Fig. 1B: pulley balanced double energy-collecting cable pulling force structure figure 2: chain mechanism+spring vibrator WEC structure diagram

Fig. 3: WEC front view with friction wheel group, multi-rope guide and Y-shaped connection

Fig. 4: WEC side view of friction wheel group, single catenary anti-winding mechanism, spring balance weight and hard straight pipe

Fig. 4A: tension spring coat rubber tube structure figure 4B: rope tying rope external-application sheath structure diagram

Fig. 5: double catenary anti-entanglement mechanism schematic diagram fig. 6: multi-stage telescopic sleeve structure schematic diagram

Fig. 7: scraping strip type marine attachment removing device structure figure 7A: FIG. 7A is a partial enlarged view

Fig. 7B: fig. 7 is a bottom view of fig. 8: structure of marine attachment removing device for compression roller type winch and sliding cylinder

Fig. 9: multiple WEC generators in series electrical schematic fig. 10: side-pulling reset rope top view for short

Fig. 11: structure of side pulling reset rope of anchor chain pulley and side floating buoy suspension pulley side pulling counterweight

Fig. 12: energy storage load regulating system structure diagram (Cylinder energy storage, cylinder pressure regulating)

Fig. 13: energy storage load regulating system structure diagram (pump & motor + accumulator, electromagnetic valve + pump pressure regulating)

Fig. 14: energy storage load-regulating system structure diagram (tension spring energy storage, winch regulation)

Fig. 15: energy storage load regulating system structure diagram (hydraulic cylinder + accumulator, pump & motor pressure regulating)

Fig. 16: energy storage load regulating system structure diagram (hydraulic cylinder + multi-accumulator + multi-solenoid valve)

1-overrunning clutch; 2-a backstop pawl; 3-side gears of the differential; 4-rotating the differential mechanism; 5-a compression spring; 6-cantilever: one end of the component is fixed on the outer wall of the floating body, and the other end of the component extends out of the floating body; 7-equipment bay: only the bottom surface is provided with a semi-closed shell, and various equipment components are arranged in the cavity; 8-guide post: a column for a guide rail; 9-ratchet wheel; 10-gear ring; 11-winding drum; 12-a single-acting hydraulic cylinder; 13-an accumulator; 14-trachea; 15-a spring; 16-main rope; 17-electric valve flow distribution plunger pump: valve flow distribution plunger pump driven by motor; 18-a second tension spring; 19-a torque limiter; 20-hard straight rod: a stiff, straight long rod, preferably steel; 21-a float; 22-tension springs; 23-speed increaser; a 24-generator; 25-a main reel; 26-energy collecting rope; 27-a spindle; 28-gravitational anchors; 29-a piston rod; 30-volumetric pump & motor: the device can be used as a pump and a motor, and can be used for end face flow distribution or shaft flow distribution; 31-a rack and pinion mechanism; 32-rope; 33-oil pipe; 34-open tank; 35-a controlled winch; 36-first cylinder: a single-acting cylinder; 37-webbing; 38-a gear; 39-servo motor; 40-anchor lines; 41-rope; 42-solenoid valve: the electromagnetic control switch valve and the electromagnetic reversing valve can achieve the same effect; 43-antenna; 44-a pressure sensor; 45-resetting rope; 46-chain drive; 47-position sensor; 48-electric end face flow distribution plunger pump: an end face flow distribution plunger pump driven by a motor; 49-pulley yoke; 50-ring sprockets; 51-balancing weight; 52-a torque sensor; 53-friction wheel: similar to a belt pulley, the difference is that the groove is not trapezoid but semicircular, and the friction coefficient of the material on the surface of the groove is large; 54-auxiliary winding drum; 55-rubber/polyurethane; 56-bearing; 57-fairlead; 58-knots; 59-submerged buoy: a submerged float; 60-pulleys; 61-auxiliary rope; 62-insulating coupling: the two ends of the coupler are mutually insulated; 63-an insulating layer; 64-roller chain wheel; 65-weight: the specific gravity is greater than that of water, and cement blocks/iron blocks/lead blocks can be selected; 66-straight pipe: the straight tubular object can be square cylinder, six/octagon, etc., and is not necessarily a cylinder; 67-Y-shaped rope; 68-double roller chock: similar to the double roller chock on a ship, the difference is: the rims of the two groove rollers are tightly attached together, and the two groove rollers clamp the guided object in the gap so that the guided object cannot be separated in all directions; 69-a cable; 70-grasping an anchor; 71-a rubber or polyurea sheath; 72-loop chain; 73-chainring; 74-U-ring: the shape is the same as that of a U-shaped ring for hoisting without pins, and two ends of the U-shaped ring are provided with coaxial holes; 75-directional casters; 76-roller chain; 77-press sprocket: guiding the pressing chain to cut into the chain wheel to prevent the chain from falling off; 78-telescoping multistage sleeve: similar to a telescopic fishing rod or a multistage hydraulic cylinder structure, a plurality of sleeves are telescopic; 79-linear ball bearing: can be replaced by a linear sliding bearing; 80-self-winding drum of the windlass; 81-flanges; 82-rubber bellows: playing a role of movable connection; 83-scratch bar: the strip-shaped hard object is adhered to the surface of the floating body and extends to scrape off attachments on the surface of the floating body; 84-wave plate: a plate fixedly connected with the scraping blade, wherein the projection area of the plate in the circumferential direction of the rotary motion is large; 85-a third tension spring; 86-roll brush: similar to roller brushes used for painting; 87-crankshaft: a shaft extending along the surface of the floating body, wherein each straight line section part of the shaft can be sleeved with a rolling brush with the same structure as the rolling brush; 88-string; 89-sleeve: a tube sleeved on the rope for removing the attached marine organisms; 90-anchor chain; 91-float; 92-a linear rotation conversion mechanism; 93-a second float; 94-cylinder; 95-a hard straight tube; 96-second cylinder: a single-acting cylinder for pressure regulation; 97-balloon;

Detailed Description

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Section I: in fig. 1 and 12, the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a main drum 25+main rope 16+sub drum 54+sub rope 61, and the rope take-up member is a counterweight 51. One end of a main rope 16 is tied on a gravity anchor 28, the other end of the main rope passes through a rope guider 57/double-roller rope guider arranged at the bottom of a floating body 21 upwards and then continues to extend upwards, the main rope is finally wound and fixed on a main drum 25, a main shaft 27 of the main drum 25 is arranged on the floating body 21 through a bearing 56 and a bearing seat, the main drum 25 and a secondary drum 54 are connected through a shaft of the main shaft 27 or linked through a gear/chain transmission mechanism, a secondary rope 61 is fixed and wound on the secondary drum 54, and the other end of the secondary rope 61 extends downwards and is tied on a counterweight 51 (the main rope is connected through a second tension spring 18 in the illustration in the figure 1); the tension of the secondary cable 61 is opposite to the tension of the primary cable 16, which produces a torque on the main shaft 27; the main drum 25 outputs rotational power through its shaft 27;

in fig. 2, the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a chain wheel 64, the rope collecting component is a counterweight 51, one end of a vertical straight pipe 66 is in butt joint with a hole at the bottom of the equipment cabin (the lower surface behind a second floating body 93 is hung with the equipment cabin 7), a cable guide 57/double-roller cable guide clamp is arranged at the opening of the bottom end of the straight pipe 66, a chain 76 is arranged in the straight pipe 66, one end of the chain 76 is tied at one end of a rope 32, the other end of the rope 32 passes through the cable guide 57/double-roller cable guide clamp downwards and is tied on a gravity anchor 28 below, the other end of the chain 76 passes through a chain wheel 64 upwards and then extends downwards to be connected with a counterweight 51, the counterweight 51 is arranged in the straight pipe 66 and has a certain gap with the inner wall of the straight pipe 66, a vertical through hole is arranged on the counterweight 51, the rope 32 passes through the vertical through hole, and the chain wheel 64 outputs rotation power outwards through a main shaft (indicated by dotted line), and the main shaft is arranged on the equipment cabin 7 through a bearing seat;

The linear rotation conversion mechanism of fig. 4 is a friction wheel 53, one end of a rope 32 is tied to a gravity anchor 28, and the other end extends upward after passing through a cable guide 57/double-roller cable guide installed at the bottom of the floating body 21, extends downward after bypassing the friction wheel 53 (a plurality of friction wheels are shown in the figure, which are explained later), and is tied to a counterweight 51; the friction wheel 53 is a wheel with a groove, and the friction coefficient of the surface of the groove is large; the friction wheel 53 outputs rotary power outwards through a main shaft 27 thereof, and the main shaft 27 is arranged on the floating body through a bearing 56 and a bearing seat; friction wheel 53+ rope 32 can also be replaced with endless chain wheel 50+ chain 72 (see fig. 16);

the above three WECs, the counterweight 51 may be replaced by a tension spring 22 (as shown in fig. 8 and 13), that is, the auxiliary rope 61/rope 32/roller chain 76 is tied at one end of the tension spring 22, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed on the floating body 21;

in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 12, 13, 16, the main rope 16, the gravity anchor 28, and the rope 32/endless chain 72/roller chain 76 of the section between the friction wheel 53/endless sprocket 50/roller chain wheel 64 are subjected to a very large tensile force for converting the buoyancy work of the floating body 21 into mechanical energy for pulling the linear rotation conversion mechanism, so that they are collectively called as a power acquisition rope, while the auxiliary rope 61, the counterweight 51, and the rope 32/endless chain 72/roller chain 64 of the section between the friction wheel 53/endless sprocket 50/roller chain wheel 64 are subjected to a restoring tensile force provided by the counterweight 51/tension spring 22, and are small in strength, so that they are collectively called as a restoring rope. For the reel, the main cable and the auxiliary cable are separated into two strands, while for the friction wheel/ring chain wheel/roller chain wheel, the energy collecting cable and the resetting cable are actually one strand, and are only identified by different sections.

The floating body rope sheave WEC collects wave energy by utilizing the relative motion between the floating body and a gravity anchor under water, the gravity anchor is used as a relative reference point, when the floating body rises along with the wave, the distance between the floating body and the gravity anchor is increased, the energy collecting rope is pulled, and then the energy collecting rope pulls the linear rotation conversion mechanism to rotate, the linear rotation conversion mechanism linearly converts the rotation into rotary motion and outputs power, and the process also pulls the rope collecting component (spring/counterweight) to store energy; when the floating body falls along with waves, the distance between the floating body and the gravity anchor is shortened, the pulling force of the floating body on the energy collecting rope disappears, and the linear rotation conversion mechanism reverses to retract the energy collecting rope under the action of the reverse force of the rope collecting component, so that the cycle is performed.

Section II: sometimes a series of problems occur if the equipment pod is allowed to directly act as a sea buoy to withstand the wave impact.

Referring to fig. 2, the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a roller wheel 64, which requires a long straight pipe 66 to ensure that the counterweight 51 has enough travel space (10 m), and if the equipment compartment 7 is used as a floating body on the sea surface (i.e. the second floating body 93 is removed), because the water resistance of the cylindrical long straight pipe 66 is large, when the equipment compartment 7 is impacted by sea waves horizontally, a very large stress occurs at the joint of the equipment compartment 7 and the straight pipe 66, and damage is easily caused. The solution is as follows: the floating body is designed in a mode that a second floating body 93 on the water surface hangs the equipment cabin 7, the bottom surface of the equipment cabin 7 is provided with holes and is in butt joint with the top end opening of the straight pipe 66 and is in sealing welding, the main shaft 27, the roller chain wheels 64, the bearings and the bearing seats are all arranged in the equipment cabin 7, the cable guide 57/the double-roller cable guide clamp are arranged at the bottom end opening of the straight pipe 66, one end of the chain 72 is tied at the bottom end of the second floating body 93, the other end of the chain 72 is tied at the top end of the equipment cabin 7, the volume of the equipment cabin 7 is small so as to reduce the impact force of water, and the integral specific gravity of an internal mechanism attached to the equipment cabin 7+ is larger than that of water, and the second floating body which is completely leaned on the upper surface is suspended. So that tilting of the second floating body 21 on the sea surface does not cause tilting of the equipment compartment 7, the equipment compartment 7 can be regarded as always being subjected to tensile forces at the top tie-down point and at both ends of the fairlead 57 at the bottom end of the long pipe. In addition, the top end tie point of the equipment compartment 7 is preferably on the axis of the straight tube 66, so that the straight tube 66 and the junction with the equipment compartment 7 will not exhibit a large bending moment. The directional casters 75 mounted to the sides of the weight 51 roll up and down within the straight tube 66 to avoid friction with the inner wall.

Section III: as shown in fig. 1, the counterweight 51 is connected to the auxiliary rope 61 through the second tension spring 18, that is, one end of the second tension spring 18 is connected to the counterweight 51, and the other end of the second tension spring 18 is connected to the auxiliary rope 61. The aim is mainly to make the pulling force of the reset cable (than without the second tension spring 18) larger at the trough and the pulling force of the secondary cable 61 relatively smaller at the peak. Examples: the essence of the wave is that the water mass moves approximately in a circular motion (supposedly anticlockwise), the up-and-down speed of the auxiliary rope is determined by the floating body, and the length of the second tension spring 18 under the tension of the counterweight 51 when the WEC is stationary is defined as the equilibrium length. When the floating body 21 is decelerated in the vertical direction from 9 to 6 points, the auxiliary rope 61 is also decelerated, the weight 51 moves downward relative to the restoring rope due to the inertia of the weight 51 and the tension of the second tension spring 18, the second tension spring 18 is slowly pulled up, the length of the second tension spring 18 pulled up exceeds the balance length in the trough, a restoring tension greater than the wet weight of the weight 51 (experiments show that the wet weight is sometimes more than 2 times) is generated, the elastic potential energy of the second tension spring 18 works on the weight 51 at 6 to 3 points, the weight 51 is thrown upward through 3 points, the length of the second tension spring 18 is smaller than the balance length due to the inertia of the weight 51 in the peak, and the restoring rope tension is relatively smaller and sometimes is 0.

Preferably: referring to fig. 4A, the coiled wire of the second tension spring 18 is wrapped around the rubber tube/polyurea sheath 71; to isolate the second tension spring 18 from sea water and thus to preserve corrosion; preferably: referring to fig. 1 and 4, the second tension spring 18 is connected in parallel with a rope 41, that is, one end of the second tension spring 18 is connected with one end of the rope 41, the other end of the second tension spring 18 is connected with the other end of the rope 41, the length of the rope 41 is the length of the tension spring when the tension spring is maximally stretched, and the rope 41 plays a role in protecting to prevent the second tension spring 18 from being damaged due to overlong tension.

The counterweight and spring rope winding is suitable for all occasions where the counterweight rope winding needs to be reinforced.

In addition, see fig. 2, the floating body is added with a spring, so that the floating body can be further fallen down, a little rope is recovered, little wave height is utilized to apply work, a weight block 65 is arranged in the floating body, a vertical through hole is formed in the floating body, a guide post 8 on the floating body penetrates through the hole, a pressure spring 5 is connected below the weight block 65, the weight block 65 can be arranged outside, the weight block 65 below the drawing is sleeved on a straight pipe 66, one end of the spring 15 is connected above the weight block 65, the other end of the spring 15 is connected with the bottom of the equipment cabin 7, the principle is the same as above, and the principle is different from the acting object, and a second tension spring 18 is added between a roller chain 76 and the weight block 51.

Section IV: referring to fig. 4, the linear rotation conversion mechanism of the wec is a friction wheel set (explained later), since the floating body 21 continuously oscillates and swings, and the impact of ocean current is added, the rope 32 bends under the action of transverse force, in order to inhibit the bending, a rigid straight pipe 95 is added, the energy-collecting rope 26 passes through the rigid straight pipe 95, the top end of the rigid straight pipe 95 is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body 21 through the rubber pipe 82, i.e. the top end of the rigid straight pipe 95 is in butt joint with one port of the rubber pipe 82, the other port of the rubber pipe 82 is in butt joint with the opening of the bottom surface of the floating body 21 (the rigid straight pipe 95+the rubber pipe 82+the inside of the floating body 21 is fused into a semi-closed space, the opening is arranged at the bottom of the rigid straight pipe, high-pressure air can be injected into the inside, the inside water surface is forced to the bottom of the rigid straight pipe 95, so that the ocean water is prevented from invading into the cavity of the floating body 21 better), or referring to fig. 6, the bottom surface of the floating body is connected by the rope 41. The rubber tube 82/rope 41 allows the rigid tube 95 to be articulated with the float and to tilt freely. A distance is reserved between the bottom port of the rigid straight pipe 95 and the anchor base 28 so as to prevent the bottom end of the rigid straight pipe 95 from being bumped onto the anchor base 28 when the floating body 21 moves up and down with the rigid straight pipe 95.

In order to prevent the bottom end opening of the hard straight pipe 95 from rubbing with the energy collecting cable 26, a cable guide 68/double-roller cable guide clamp is arranged at the bottom end opening of the hard straight pipe, and the energy collecting cable 26 passes through the cable guide 68/double-roller cable guide clamp; a cable guide/double-roller cable guide clamp/linear ball bearing can be arranged at a certain position in the hard straight pipe to avoid friction between the energy collecting cable 26 and the inner wall of the hard straight pipe 95;

The rigid tube may also be replaced by a telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78, see fig. 6, where the energy-collecting cable 26 passes through the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78, and the top end of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78 is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body 21 by a rubber tube in a butt joint or by ropes 41 (i.e. two sides of the top end of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78 are tied with one end of each rope 41, and the other ends of the two ropes 41 are separated and tied to the bottom surface of the floating body 21). The bottom end of the telescoping multi-stage sleeve 78 is either docked by a rubber tube 82 or connected by a string to the gravity anchor 28.

For the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, a cable guide/double-roller cable guide/linear ball bearing 79 is arranged at the inlets of the two ends of the top and the bottom of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve or inside the telescopic multi-stage sleeve so as to prevent the energy collecting cable 26 from rubbing with the inner wall.

The hard straight pipe and the telescopic multistage sleeve of the section utilize the stronger bending rigidity to avoid the rope from being impacted by seawater, and can be applied to all occasions for preventing the rope from bending deformation.

Section V: see fig. 7, where the floating body on the sea surface is often subject to attachment by marine organisms, which gives a solution, in particular: the floating body 21 is a revolving body, a rotating bearing 56 coaxial with the floating body 21 is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body 21, an elongated scraping strip 83 is fixedly connected on the outer ring of the rotating bearing, and the scraping strip 83 extends close to the outer surface of the floating body 21; fig. 7B is a bottom view.

Preferably: the scraping strip 83 extends only in a half cylinder;

principle of: because the outer ring of the bearing 56 is free to rotate, the impact of ocean currents/waves on the wiper strip 83 creates a rotational moment that pushes the wiper strip 83 into rotation, which sweeps away the surface attachment of the float 21 because the wiper strip is in close proximity to the surface of the float 21.

The scraping strip 83, if the projected area in the rotation circumferential direction is small, can be fixedly connected with the wave receiving plate 84 with a large projected area in the circumferential direction so as to enhance the driving force of waves/currents.

The means for removing the attachment may also be such, see fig. 8: the floating body 21 is a revolution body shape, an inner ring of a rotary bearing 56 coaxial with the floating body 21 is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body 21, an outer ring of the bearing 21 is fixedly connected with a crankshaft 87, and the crankshaft 87 is in a slender shape, is close to the outer surface of the floating body 21, is in the same axial section of the floating body 21 and extends on one side of the axis; a roller brush 86 is sleeved on a straight line section of the crankshaft 87, and the roller brush 86 can freely rotate on the crankshaft 87 and is tightly attached to the outer surface of the floating body 21; this principle is the same as the wiper blade, also utilizing the wave/current impact, except that the sweeping tool is changed from the wiper strip 83 to the roller brush 86. Since the roller brush 86 is to be in rolling friction with the surface of the floating body 21, the linear velocity at different rotation radii will be different, which inevitably results in sliding friction, and in order to reduce the resistance, the roller brush 86 is divided into several sections for the crankshaft straight section with longer length in the radial direction of the floating body, and is sleeved on the crankshaft straight section in series.

Also, to enhance the wave/ocean current impact force, it is optional to fix a wave receiving plate 84 on the crankshaft 87, and the projection area of the wave receiving plate 84 on the circumference of the bearing is large.

The present section bar 83/roller brush marine organism removal scheme is applicable to all marine buoys, not limited to WEC floats.

Section VI: FIG. 8 also includes a marine attachment apparatus for removing the main rope/chain, specifically: the tubular sliding drum 89 is sleeved on the energy collecting rope 26, the specific gravity of the sliding drum 89 is greater than that of water, the outer edge of the upper end face of the sliding drum 89 is connected with a string 88, the string 88 extends upwards obliquely to one side, the other end of the string 88 is fixed on a winding drum of a miniature winding machine 35, the miniature winding machine 35 is fixed at the tail end of a cantilever 6, a motor of the winding machine 35 is controlled by an MCU (i.e. a singlechip)/PLC, and the other end of the cantilever 6 is fixedly connected on the outer side face of the floating body 21.

In fact, the string 88 may also be fastened directly to the outer edge of the upper bottom surface of the floating body 21, since the roller brush 86 is prevented from being swept, and thus fastened to the bottom end of the cantilever 6, in principle: since the power cord 26 of the floating body rope sheave WEC is continuously moved up and down relative to the floating body 21 to operate, and the slide cylinder 89 pulls the string 88 by its own weight, i.e., is almost stationary in the vertical direction relative to the floating body 21, the slide cylinder 89 moves up and down relative to the power cord 26 to sweep away the attachments on the power cord 26, and in order to prevent the inner wall of the sleeve 89 from wearing the power cord 26, it is preferable that: the sliding barrel 89 is internally provided with a cable guide/double-roller cable guide clamp 68/brush hair; to prevent the sleeve 89 from twisting around the cable 26 and the string 88, the upper end of the sleeve 89 is flared, resembling the flared flange 81, to which the string 88 is tied.

For the purpose of fixing and winding the string 88 on the hoist 35, the MCU can control the working depth of the sliding drum 89, or in seasons with small waves, the MCU can control the hoist 35 to continuously retract and retract the string 88 to continuously move the sliding drum 89 up and down, so that attachments can be removed independently and independently of the waves.

The winch suspension sliding cylinder scheme for removing the energy collecting rope in the section is also suitable for all offshore rope occasions.

Section VII: in section I it is mentioned that the conversion mechanism for converting a linear motion into a rotational motion by means of the friction between the friction wheel and the rope is enhanced because friction is a transmission with a small F/V (force/transmission material volume). Fig. 3 shows a parallel, series design with multiple friction wheels + energy production cables, here just series. Fig. 3 shows the series arrangement from the front and fig. 4 from the side, both figures being viewed in combination. Namely: the friction wheel 53 is ABCDE, and forms a friction wheel set, namely: the friction wheel 53 is connected with the gear 38 through a shaft 27, the friction wheel 53, the gear 38, the shaft 27 and a bearing seat thereof form a friction wheel gear unit, the shaft 27 is arranged on a floating body frame through the bearing seat, the five same friction wheel gear units are parallel in axis, same in direction, aligned in end face and sequentially and closely arranged on the frame, the gears 38 of the five friction wheel gear units are sequentially meshed (arranged like Olympic five rings), but the size of each friction wheel 53 is smaller than that of the gear, so that the friction wheels 53 do not interfere with each other; the shaft 27 of one of the friction wheel sets outputs power, and the rope 32 meanders around the friction wheel 53 of each friction wheel gear unit in the meshing sequence, by which is meant that the direction of the rope 32 around the adjacent two friction wheels in the forward travel is always opposite.

Principle of: when the rope 32 is pulled, the whole row of friction wheels 53 are driven to rotate by static friction force, friction torque of the friction wheels 53 is gathered together through the gears 38 meshed with each other, and power is output from a certain main shaft 27.

The advantages are that: this design allows a rope to generate more friction.

As seen in fig. 4B, rope 32 may be made of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, but this material has a low coefficient of friction and is not wear resistant, and to improve wear resistance and friction, rope 32 is knotted with knots 58 (single knots) at intervals, and then water-resistant polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 is applied. The polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 sheath is elongate cylindrical and the cord 32 with a string of knots 58 is embedded in the elongate cylindrical shape of the polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55. When the polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 is subjected to friction, it can be internally transferred to the nearest knot, creating a compressive force on the knot 58 which can create a pulling force on the rope. Although the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene rope is smooth, the friction force is converted into pressure by means of tying knots, so that F/V (friction force/volume) is greatly improved.

Preferably: the polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 may be made of hybrid staple fibers to enhance strength. Preferably: the polyurethane elastomer can be made of a prepolymer material which can be cast and cured at room temperature, so that the polyurethane elastomer is entirely adhered to the rope. The application range of this section is: all occasions needing to rely on rope friction to perform linear rotation power conversion are not limited to WECs.

Section VIII: for fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 10, the power output by the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism is transmitted to the generator through the overrunning clutch 1, the overrunning clutch 1 converts the reciprocating rotation of the linear rotation conversion mechanism into unidirectional rotation, so the generator 24 continuously rotates in one direction, but the rotation is sometimes and sometimes not in a large time (the wave drives the floating body to rise, the energy-collecting cable pulls the linear rotation mechanism to do work, the power is transmitted to the generator through the overrunning clutch, the wave descends, the energy-collecting cable is recovered, the main shaft is inverted, the two ends of the overrunning clutch are not transmitted at the moment, and the generator is not moved), if the electric energy of the generators of the WECs is to be collected, the solution is given in fig. 9, namely:

if the generator is direct current, a power diode is connected in parallel, the P pole of the diode is connected with the negative pole of the generator, and a parallel branch consisting of the direct current generators and the diodes of the wave energy collection system is connected in series in the same direction to form a bus;

when the generator generates electricity, the voltage at two ends of the generator causes the diode to cut off, bus current passes through the generator, the generator outputs electric power, and when the generator does not generate electricity, the internal resistance of the generator generates voltage drop, so that the diode is conducted, the bus current passes through the diode and does not pass through the generator, and therefore the power consumption generated by the internal resistance of the generator is reduced.

If the generator is AC, the output end of the generator is connected with a rectifier bridge, and the output ends of the rectifier bridges of the AC generators of the floating body rope pulleys WEC are connected in series in the same direction to form a bus; the rectifier bridge can also be connected with a filter capacitor in parallel to filter alternating current components. When the generator generates electricity, the trend of the bus current is diode generator diode, when the generator does not generate electricity, the generator is equivalent to a resistor, voltage drop is generated, and at the moment, the bus current passes through two parallel paths of series double diode branches without passing through the generator, so that the power consumption caused by internal resistance is avoided.

After the generators of the WECs are connected in series, the voltage Σui of the generators connected in series in the whole row is stabilized more, the generator is not generated, the generator is not strong, and the total voltage is stabilized, although the voltage generated by each generator changes at all times.

In addition, the series connection causes a problem that potential is accumulated, that is, since the voltages of the generators of the WECs are added together, the voltages are higher and higher, if the generator housing is connected with the floating body, the potential between part of the generator housing and the armature winding is very large, so that the winding is extremely easy to break down, the generator metal housing is wrapped by the insulating layer 63, the generator rotating shaft is insulated from the outside through the coupling 62 with two insulated ends, and meanwhile, the metal housing of the generator is communicated with the bus on one side of the generator by wires, so that the potential difference between the generator housing and the armature winding is much smaller.

The series scheme of the graph is also suitable for all occasions where multiple generators need to collect energy.

Section IX: for the floating body rope wheel WEC working in the sea, the floating body moves variously, for the floating body rope wheel WEC of the counterweight rope collecting and non-rolling chain linear rotation conversion mechanism, the included angle between the reset rope 45 and the floating body 21 can be changed variously, in order to prevent the reset rope from deviating from the normal working plane and falling off from the auxiliary winding drum/friction wheel/ring chain wheel, and also in order to prevent the reset rope from rubbing with the floating body, another rope guider/double-roller rope guider 57 needs to be arranged on the floating body, and the reset rope passes through the rope guider 57/double-roller rope guider, so that all counterweight rope collecting legends are seen.

In addition, under the impact of the underwater ocean wave and current, if the counterweight 51 is unconstrained, the counterweight can swing randomly, and the phenomenon of intertwining the energy collecting rope 26 and the reset rope 45 is very easy to occur, so the floating body rope wheel WEC needs an anti-double rope winding mechanism, and the scheme is as follows:

side pull type submerged buoy, see fig. 12: one end of a cable 69 is connected with the counterweight 51, the other end extends downwards to one side, then is wound around a pulley 60 and finally is connected with an underwater floater 59, and a pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected with the other anchor base 28 through a rope; or the counterweight 51 is omitted, namely, the auxiliary rope 61 from the floating body is directly connected with one end of a cable 69, the other end of the cable 69 extends downwards to one side, then the cable is wound around a pulley 60 and finally connected to a submerged float 59, and the pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected to the other anchor 28 through a rope;

Principle of: the buoyancy of the submerged buoy 59 pulls the counterweight 51 obliquely downward and sideways by the cable 69, and the generated horizontal component force causes the counterweight 51 to separate from the main rope 16, so that the auxiliary rope 61 and the main rope 16 are not entangled. If the counterweight 51 is omitted, the submerged buoy 59 is equivalent to a rope winding member of the WEC, and the rope winding member is reset by utilizing the buoyancy of the submerged buoy 59.

Second, single catenary side pull, see fig. 4: a length of cable 69, the middle being a weight 65, one end of the cable 69 being tied to the counterweight 51, the other end extending downwardly to one side and finally being connected to a ground-grasping anchor 70, the cable 69 being alternatively a catenary;

principle of: the wet weight of the weight 65 pulls the cable 69 (the catenary is pulled by the dispersed dead weight) to exert a downward oblique pulling force on the counterweight 51, and the horizontal component pulls the counterweight 51 away from the power cable 26 so that the reset cable 45 and the power cable 26 do not wind.

Thirdly, the side buoy is pulled sideways, see right side of fig. 11: a buoy 91 is added at a certain distance (such as 50 meters) around the floating body 21, the floating body 21 and the buoy 91 are anchored at a certain position by a mooring system, one end of a cable 69 is tied on the counterweight 51, the other end extends towards the buoy, and extends downwards after bypassing a pulley 60, and finally is connected with a weight 65, and a pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected with the bottom surface of the buoy 91 through a rope 41;

The weight 65, having a higher specific gravity than the water, will exert a downward pulling force on the cable 69, which is transmitted along the cable 69, pulling the counterweight 51 away from the power cable 26, avoiding the power cable 26 from being wrapped around the reset cable 45. The pulley 60 may be positioned 10m deep under water, just at the middle height of the up-down motion travel (e.g., 0m-20m depth) of the weight 51, so that the cable 69 pulls the weight about horizontally (0±11.31°) to fully utilize the wet weight of the weight 65, almost all of which is used to pull the weight 51, and if the weight 51 is tilted, as in the case of the one-and-two anti-winding mechanism, only part of the pulling force is used to pull the weight 51 horizontally, and part of the pulling force is in the vertical direction, interfering with the pulling force of the reset cable 45. In this case, the tensile fluctuation of the cable 69 caused by the movement of the weight 51 is relatively small, only + -0.99 m, and the weight 65 does not need a large vertical displacement, that is, the resistance of water is relatively much smaller, thereby reducing the incidental damping of the up-and-down movement of the weight 51.

The weight 51 may be omitted and the return cable 45 may be directly connected to the cable 69, and the weight 65 may be used as a weight for rope winding; however, the return cable 45 is not pulled vertically downwards, but is pulled obliquely downwards, and the return cable 26 is pulled vertically downwards, so that the horizontal component force is not generated on the floating body 21, and the bending moment is avoided.

It may also be (see fig. 10): the reset rope (i.e. the auxiliary rope 61) led out from the floating body 21 passes through the rope guide/double-roller rope guide 57 on the side surface of the floating body, horizontally extends, passes through a distance at sea and then passes through the rope guide/double-roller rope guide on the side surface of the floating body 91, then bypasses the guide roller 60 arranged on the floating body and then extends downwards, passes through the rope guide/double-roller rope guide on the bottom surface of the floating body, then continues to extend downwards, and finally is tied on the counterweight (blocked by the floating body and not shown);

the vertical section of the reset cable 61 is thus spaced from the power cord to prevent tangling. Optionally, the method comprises the following steps: among the plurality of chains 90/anchor lines anchoring the float 21/buoy 91, the chain 90 in the direction of the resetting line may be omitted (see fig. 10); i.e. the reset line 61 may also serve as an anchor line for mooring the float 21/buoy 91;

fourth, the anchor chain is pulled laterally, see left side of fig. 11: the floating body 21 is anchored somewhere by a multipoint mooring system, the counterweight 51 to which the reset rope 45 is connected to one end of a cable 69, the other end of the cable 69 extends obliquely downward to one side, a weight 65 is connected downward after passing around a pulley 60, and the pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected to the middle part of one of the anchor chains 90 in the mooring system by a rope; the weight 51 may be omitted so that the reset cable 45 is directly connected to one end of the cable 69 (the virtual straight line portion) to allow the weight 65 to act as a weight for rope retraction;

The operation mechanism of the design is the same as the above, and the wet weight side pulling counterweight of the weight is utilized or the wet weight is directly used as the pulling force for resetting the resetting rope, but the installation places are different.

Preferably, see fig. 11: for the four anti-double rope winding mechanisms for providing side pulling force to the balance weight by adopting the weight, the cable 69/catenary (two, single catenary side pulling anti-winding mechanism) of the side pulling balance weight 51 is connected with the balance weight 51 through the long hard straight rod 20, namely the cable 69/catenary is connected with one end of the hard straight rod 20, and the other end of the hard straight rod 20 is movably connected with the balance weight 51; the purpose is to better prevent the weight 51 from rotating around the cable 26 if for some reason (such as a very strong ocean current impact) the weight 51 overcomes the side tension of the weight 65 against it or runs to the left of the cable 26 (fig. 11), as long as the other end of the stiff rod is not to the left of the cable, the weight 51 is still not able to rotate around the cable 26 because the stiff rod 20 is stiff and cannot bend.

Fifthly, a double-catenary stopper rod type is shown in fig. 5: two sides of the counterweight 51 connected with the reset rope 45 are respectively provided with an anchor chain 90, the two anchor chains 90 are separated downwards along two sides, and the other end of each anchor chain 90 is respectively connected with a gravity anchor/ground grabbing anchor 70;

In this solution, the collision between the tensioned anchor chain 90 and the tensioned energy-collecting cable 26 is used to prevent the counterweight 51 from rotating around the energy-collecting cable 26, and it is obvious that, no matter how the counterweight 51 moves, the energy-collecting cable 26 is always on one side of the connecting line formed by the two anchor chains 72, but in order to prevent the energy-collecting cable 26 from being worn, the lower half section of the energy-collecting cable 26 may be replaced by a hard straight rod 20, the bottom end of the hard straight rod 20 is connected with the gravity anchor 28 through a pair of locking rings 73 that are mutually buckled, and the locking rings 73 can enable the hard straight rod 20 to incline freely.

The counterweight 51 can be omitted, so that the reset cable 45 is directly connected with the two anchor chains 90/anchor cables to form an inverted Y shape; the anchor chain 72 may be replaced by an anchor line, but should be weighted in the middle of the anchor line; this results in the use of the wet weight of the catenary 72/weight to wind the rope.

Six, double rope guide, see fig. 1: the float 21 has two identical coaxial main reels 25 spaced apart by an axial distance and associated main ropes 16. Two main ropes 16, which are lowered from the floating body 21, respectively pass through two vertical holes provided on the weight 51, and are then connected to the gravity anchors 28;

it is apparent that the weight 51 is guided by the two main ropes 16 passing through it, and its movement is constrained from large-angle rotation, and deformation of the two main ropes 16 upon rotation will generate a restoring moment to the weight 51 in the opposite direction. Fig. 3, also a double rope guide mechanism, uses two sets of energy acquisition ropes 26 to guide the counterweight 51.

In addition, a cable guide/double-roller cable guide 68 is arranged at the upper and lower inlets of the vertical holes of the counterweight 51, and the main cable 16 (figure 1)/energy collecting cable 26 (figure 3) passes through the cable guide/double-roller cable guide 68; thus the energy collecting rope cannot rub with the vertical hole.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the floating body 21 will bear the left-right oscillation and swing of the wave on the sea surface, the floating body 21 will have different inclination angles, and at this time, the two main ropes 16 will have different tension, so for the double-rope guiding anti-winding mechanism, there is also a tension adjusting mechanism, and there are three designs:

design 1, pulley connection gravity anchor: see fig. 1B, namely: two power lines 26 extending downwards from the floating body 21 and originally intended to be connected with the gravity anchor 28 are instead combined into one strand close to the upper side of the gravity anchor 28 and are wound around a pulley, and the pulley frame 49 of the pulley is connected with the gravity anchor 28 through a rope; the pulling force of the two energy collecting ropes 26 is equalized by the pulleys.

Design 2, floating body U-shaped ring suspension equipment cabin: referring to fig. 1A, the floating body is designed to be a form that a second floating body 93 hangs down an equipment cabin 7, the second floating body 93 is on the water surface, the equipment cabin 7 is below the second floating body, the equipment cabin 7 is a semi-closed shell with only a bottom surface opening, a main shaft, a winding drum, a bearing and a bearing seat are all installed in the equipment cabin 7, a cable guide 57/a double-roller cable guide clamp are installed at the bottom surface opening of the equipment cabin 7, one end of a cylinder 94 is fixedly arranged outside each of the left side and the right side of the equipment cabin shell, the two cylinders 94 are coaxial, the two cylinders 94 are respectively inserted into two holes (the cylinders and the holes are in clearance fit), the outer side of the middle section of the U-shaped ring 74 is connected with the bottom end of the second floating body 93 through a rope 41 (the outer side of the middle section of the U-shaped ring 74 can be fixedly arranged with the bottom surface of the second floating body 93); it should be noted that: the two main ropes 16 are connected with two points (i.e. the rope guide 57 penetrated by the two main ropes) penetrated out from the bottom of the equipment compartment 7, and are perpendicular to the axes of the two holes of the U-shaped ring 74, meanwhile, the midpoint of the two points is exactly connected with the two holes of the U-shaped ring, when the second floating body 93 inclines left and right, the perpendicular distance between the two main ropes 16 and the cylinder 94 is equal, and according to mechanical analysis, the pulling force of the two main ropes 16 is equivalent. And when the second floating body 93 swings back and forth, the stress is the same because the two main ropes 16 are aligned in this direction. The embodiment of fig. 1A defines a U-ring 74 suspension scheme.

Design 3, Y-shaped connection gravity anchor+floating body suspension: referring to fig. 3, the energy collecting cable 26 and the gravity anchor 28 are connected by adopting a Y-shaped rope, namely: the two energy collecting cables 26 are not connected with the gravity anchors 28 firstly, and are symmetrically connected with two ends of a hard straight rod 20 which are uniformly distributed firstly, and the hard straight rod 20 is connected with the gravity anchors through Y-shaped ropes 67, namely: the two top ends of the Y-shaped rope 67 are respectively connected with the two ends of the hard straight rod 20, and the bottom end of the Y-shaped rope 67 is connected with the gravity anchor 28.

And regarding the floating body, the second floating body is to be adopted to suspend the structural form of the equipment cabin, and the suspending mode can be as follows: any one of the U-shaped ring/single rope/Y-shaped rope, the U-shaped ring connection can be referred to as figure 1A, and the single rope connection is as follows: the connecting cable has one end connected to the bottom surface of the second floating body 93 and the other end connected to a tie-down point on the top surface of the equipment compartment 7 at the intersection of the center line FF' and the top surface of the equipment compartment 7. So-called centreline: the equipment pod 7 is pulled upward, thereby tightening both the energy recovery cords 26 and the Y-shaped cords of the gravity anchor 28, where the two energy recovery cords 26 are straightened and nearly parallel, and where the two energy recovery cords 26 define a plane in which a straight line lies between them parallel to and at a distance corresponding to the two, this being the center line FF'.

In the figure 3, an upper Y-shaped rope connection mode and a lower Y-shaped rope connection mode are adopted, a second floating body 93 is arranged on the water surface, the equipment cabin 7 is arranged below the second floating body, a main shaft 27, a friction wheel 53, a bearing and a bearing seat are all arranged in the equipment cabin 7, and a cable guide 57/a double-roller cable guide clamp is arranged at an opening of the bottom surface of the equipment cabin; the equipment cabin 7 is movably connected with the second floating body 93 through a Y-shaped rope 67, the bottom end of the Y-shape is movably connected with the bottom end of the second floating body 93, and the two top ends of the Y-shape are movably connected with the top surface of the equipment cabin 7; when the Y-shaped rope is straightened so that the plane of the Y-shaped rope is parallel to the straightened two energy collecting ropes, the center O point of the Y-shaped rope is aligned to the center line FF', and then the two top ends of the Y are tied to the top surface of the equipment compartment 7. Thus, the acting point of the O pulling force is equal to the distance between the two energy collecting ropes 26, and the pulling force of the two energy collecting ropes 26 is equal no matter the second floating body 93 performs various actions such as tilting and swinging.

It should be noted that, for the plane of the upper Y-shaped rope and the planes of the two parallel energy collecting ropes, any angle can be formed, and the figure is designed into a superposition relationship, so that: when the two energy collecting ropes 26 are different in pulling-out length, according to mechanical analysis, the energy collecting rope 26 with the longer pulling-out length is smaller in stress, and the energy collecting rope with the shorter pulling-out length is larger in stress, so that the energy collecting rope with the shorter pulling-out length automatically generates more sliding friction, and the energy collecting ropes with the longer pulling-out length are caught up, so that the lengths of the energy collecting ropes are consistent, that is, the energy collecting ropes have the function of automatically adjusting the lengths of the two ropes.

Seventh, wear and hang anchor type, there are two kinds, first is: two sides of the gravity anchor are respectively connected with one ends of two ropes separated by a certain distance, the other ends of the two ropes are respectively connected with two floats separated by a certain distance on the sea surface, and the two floats are anchored; the gravity anchor is provided with a vertical through hole, and the reset rope passes through the through hole and is continuously connected with the counterweight downwards;

pulley type: a cable is wound around a groove pulley, the top end of the gravity anchor is fixedly connected with a pulley frame of the pulley, two ends of the cable are respectively connected with two floaters on the sea surface, which are separated by a certain distance, the two floaters are anchored, the gravity anchor is suspended by the cable in water and provided with a vertical through hole, and the reset cable is continuously connected with a counterweight downwards after passing through the through hole;

for the two hanging anchor type anti-winding mechanisms, it is preferable that the upper and lower inlets of the through hole are provided with a cable guide device/double-roller cable guide clamp, and the energy collecting cable passes through the cable guide device/double-roller cable guide clamp so as to prevent friction.

Principle of: because the two ropes/cables suspending the gravity anchor generate a reset moment to restrain the gravity anchor from rotating when the gravity anchor rotates, the gravity anchor is not rotating, so that the upper end of the reset rope is restrained by the cable guide/double-roller cable guide at the bottom of the floating body, and the lower section of the reset rope is restrained by the vertical through hole of the gravity anchor, so that the reset rope cannot rotate around the energy collecting rope.

The double-rope winding prevention mechanism is also suitable for the similar rope winding prevention occasions of other offshore equipment.

Section X: referring to fig. 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, the up-down motion of the floating body is converted into one-way rotation motion by the linear rotation conversion mechanism and the overrun clutch, but the rotation speed is stumbling and slow, and sometimes, the unstable rotation power is required to be converted into stable rotation, and CN102016294A, US20130200626 gives a solution, which is to use a lifting weight to store energy, but WEC often needs to adjust the working load, such as increasing the tension of the energy-collecting rope and the draft of the floating body when running in the sea, for example, when in a high sea, the working load must be adjusted to increase the tension of the energy-collecting rope and the draft of the floating body, so that more wave energy can be absorbed, and the working load must be adjusted to decrease the tension of the energy-collecting rope and the draft of the floating body when in a low sea, so that the floating body can be pushed by the low wave to generate enough stroke, and the working load has an optimal matching relation with the wave height.

Fig. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 give solutions, namely: a backstop ratchet mechanism 9, a differential mechanism/planetary gear and an energy storage load-adjusting device are added; the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism of the WEC core system is connected with one end of an overrunning clutch 1 through a gear/chain transmission 76 in a linkage or shaft 27, the other end of the overrunning clutch 1 is connected with a ratchet wheel 9 of a backstop ratchet mechanism in a shaft way, a backstop pawl 2 is arranged on a rack, the ratchet wheel 9 is connected with a first power end of a differential mechanism/planetary gear in a shaft way, a second power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is used for driving a generator 24 through a speed increaser 23, and a third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a rotating component of input power of an energy storage load adjusting device in a shaft way.

The power input by the linear rotation conversion mechanism firstly passes through the overrunning clutch 1 to convert the reciprocating rotation into unidirectional rotation, then passes through the backstop ratchet mechanism (the function is to prevent the power of the second power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear from returning to drive the linear rotation conversion mechanism to reverse), and then is divided into two paths by the differential mechanism/planetary gear, wherein one path is transmitted to the second power end to the generator, and the other path is transmitted to the energy storage device by the third power end. As described above, the rotational speed of the first power end input to the differential/planetary gear from the overrunning clutch 1 is unstable, and the speed increaser 23+generator 24 to which the second power end is coupled is a constant speed in a short time since the rotational speed is amplified and the moment of inertia of the generator is squared. Because the differential mechanism/planetary gear is characterized in that three power ends are mutually related, the severe change of the first power end can only be matched by the third power end, and the energy storage load adjusting device connected with the third power end stores redundant mechanical energy when the first power end is fast and the second power end cannot digest, and releases the energy stored previously when the first power end is slow/stationary, thereby meeting the requirement of pushing the second power end. Because the working torques of the three power ends are interrelated, when the working load needs to be changed, not only the load of the second power end is changed, but also the working load of the energy storage load adjusting device of the third power end is changed at the same time.

The energy storage load-adjusting devices are three types, namely hydraulic type, pneumatic type and tension spring type, and are respectively:

the first kind is hydraulic, including hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange device and pressure regulator.

The hydraulic & mechanical energy exchanging devices are divided into two types, one is to use a hydraulic cylinder (see fig. 16), namely: an elongated piston rod 29 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the elongated section of which is made into a rack 31, is meshed with a gear which is in shaft connection with the third power end of the differential/planetary gear, the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixed on the frame, and the oil inlet and outlet ports of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 are connected with the accumulator 13 through an oil pipe 33;

wherein, the gear rack transmission mechanism can also be replaced by a chain wheel and chain transmission mechanism, namely: the third power end of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a roller chain wheel axle, one end of a roller chain meshed with the differential mechanism/planetary gear is connected with a piston rod 29 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, the other end of the roller chain is a weight/tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to the frame;

the tension spring/weight can keep the tension at the other end of the roller chain, keep the tension stable and prevent the roller chain from falling off the chain wheel.

Preferably, for a sprocket and chain drive, referring to fig. 12, the weight 65 is in a vertical slide 66 and is spaced from the inner wall thereof, and the slide 66 is fixed to the frame. Thus, the weight 65 only moves up and down in the vertical slide 66, and does not swing randomly, so that the chain is prevented from being separated from the sprocket.

The same rack and pinion drive can be replaced by a drum cable drive (fig. 15), namely: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is coupled with the drum 11, and a cable 69 is fixed at one end and wound on the drum 11, and is connected at the other end with the piston rod 29 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder;

principle (fig. 15): since the second power end rotation speed is difficult to change in a short time, when the first power end (sun gear) of the differential/planetary gear rotates at a high speed, the third power end (planet carrier connected with the shaft of the drum 11) will be driven to absorb the surplus power, the third power end will pull the piston rod 29 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 through the cable 69 mechanism of the drum 11, and the hydraulic cylinder 12 outputs high-pressure oil to the accumulator 13; when the first power end stops rotating, the accumulator 13 releases high-pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 12 to push the piston to reset, so that the cable 69 is pulled to drive the winding drum 11 to rotate reversely to drive the third power end to rotate reversely, the ratchet 9 cannot rotate reversely due to the action of the backstop pawl 2, the first power end cannot rotate reversely, and the third power end 10 only can drive the second power end to rotate continuously.

The second type of hydraulic & mechanical energy interchange device is to use a volumetric pump and motor (see fig. 13), namely: the volumetric pump and motor 30 is coupled to the third power end of the differential/planetary gear; one inlet and outlet of the volumetric pump and motor 30 is connected with an oil tank 34 through an oil pipe, and the other inlet and outlet of the volumetric pump and motor 30 is connected with an accumulator 13 through the oil pipe 33;

Principle of: when the first power end of the differential/planetary gear rotates at a high speed, the third power end of the differential/planetary gear will be driven to absorb the excessive power, the third power end will drive the volumetric pump and motor 30, the volumetric pump and motor 30 will draw hydraulic oil from the open type oil tank 34, and output high pressure hydraulic oil to the accumulator 13; when the first power end of the differential/planetary gear stops rotating, the accumulator 13 releases high-pressure oil, the volumetric pump and motor 30 is driven to rotate reversely, and the third power end is driven to rotate reversely, and the ratchet wheel 9 connected with the first power end in an axial mode can not rotate reversely due to the action of the backstop pawl 2, so that the third power end only can drive the second power end to rotate continuously.

It is clear that the working torque of the third power end depends on the working load of the hydraulic cylinder/volumetric pump and motor, and further on the pressure of the accumulator bladder. Therefore, the working torque of the third power end (because the second power end is equivalent to a constant speed or fixed speed) can be changed only by changing the pressure of the energy accumulator air bag, the working torque of the first power end can be changed, the working torque of the linear rotating mechanism can be changed, the tension of the energy collecting rope can be changed, the draft of waves when working on the floating body can be changed, and the working load of the whole WEC can be changed. For the two hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange devices, the structures of the matched pressure regulating devices can be 3:

1 st pressure regulating device, see fig. 13: the air bag 97 of the energy accumulator 13 is connected with the outlet of an electric valve matched air pump 17 through an air pipe 14, the inlet of the valve matched air pump 17 is connected with the atmosphere, an air pipe branch is branched between the valve matched air pump 17 and the air bag 97, the air pipe branch is connected with the atmosphere after passing through an electromagnetic valve 42, and the MCU acquires pressure information according to a pressure sensor 44 on the air pipe connected with the air bag 97 to control the start and stop of the valve matched air pump 17 and the on and off of the electromagnetic valve 42;

principle of: the electromagnetic valve 42 and the electric valve matched air pump 17 are closed at ordinary times. If we find that the sea wave is bigger and want to increase the work load, we send instruction to MCU through antenna, after MCU receives it, control valve air pump 17 starts to pump air from the atmosphere, and injects it into air bag 97 of energy accumulator 13, the pressure of air bag 97 is increased, MCU monitors the rising hydraulic pressure continuously through pressure sensor 44, when reaching the preset value, MCU turns off valve air pump 17; if the wave is small, we want to reduce the work load and give instruction to the MCU, after the MCU receives it, the solenoid valve 42 is opened, at this time, the high pressure air of the air bag 97 starts to overflow through the solenoid valve 42, the MCU continuously monitors the descending hydraulic pressure through the pressure sensor 44, and after the preset value is reached, the solenoid valve 42 is turned off.

The valve-matched hydraulic pump can be replaced by a serial branch of the end face flow-matched hydraulic pump and the check valve, the functions of the valve-matched hydraulic pump and the check valve are the same, and the direction of the check valve is towards one side of the air bag;

2 nd pressure regulating device, see fig. 15: the air sac 97 of the energy accumulator 13 is connected with an air pipe 14, the air pipe is connected to an electric end face flow distribution plunger pump 48 through a pressure sensor 44 and an electromagnetic valve 42 in sequence, and the MCU reads information sent by the pressure sensor 44 and controls the start and stop of the electric end face flow distribution plunger pump 48 and the on-off of the electromagnetic valve;

principle of: normally, the solenoid valve 42 and the end face flow distribution plunger pump 48 are both closed. When the pressure of the air bag 97 is required to be regulated, a command is sent to the PLC through the antenna 43, the PLC opens the electromagnetic valve 42 after receiving the command, starts the end face flow distribution plunger pump 48, the end face flow distribution plunger pump 48 pumps air from the atmosphere and injects the air into the air bag 97, then the PLC continuously monitors the rising air pressure through the pressure sensor 44, after the preset value is reached, the PLC turns off the end face flow distribution plunger pump 48 and the electromagnetic valve 42, when the pressure of the air bag 97 is required to be regulated, the PLC opens the electromagnetic valve 42, the high-pressure air of the air bag 97 overflows through the electromagnetic valve 42 and pushes the end face flow distribution plunger pump to rotate and overflows to the atmosphere, the PLC monitors the falling air pressure through the pressure sensor 44, and after the preset value is reached, the electromagnetic valve 42 is turned off.

3 rd pressure regulating device, see fig. 16: the hydraulic and mechanical energy exchange device has a plurality of energy accumulators and different air bag pressures; the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/volumetric pump and motor outlet (high pressure side), the oil pipe led out is then split into a plurality of branches, each branch is connected with an energy accumulator 13 after passing through an electromagnetic valve 42, the pressure of the energy accumulator 13 air bags on each branch is different, the singlechip/PLC obtains hydraulic data through a pressure sensor 44, and then the electromagnetic valve 42 on each branch is controlled to be on-off;

principle of: at ordinary times, only the solenoid valve on one branch is opened, for example, when we want to operate the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 at 5MPa, an instruction is given to the MCU, and the MCU only opens the solenoid valve 42 on the 5MPa branch (simultaneously closes the solenoid valves 42 of the other branches). However, for better operation, the MCU determines the timing of switching based on the data of the pressure sensor 44 on the oil pipe led out from the single-acting cylinder/positive displacement pump/motor outlet (high pressure side) when switching the solenoid valve. For example, the 5Mpa accumulator is charged with excessive hydraulic oil due to long-term operation, so that the air bag becomes smaller and the pressure increases to 8Mpa (when only the electromagnetic valve on the 5Mpa branch is opened, the MCU can know through the hydraulic sensor 44 on the oil pipe connected to the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12), while the 20Mpa accumulator discharges excessive hydraulic oil, the air bag is charged with excessive hydraulic oil to 15Mpa, and a part of hydraulic oil needs to be pumped from the 5Mpa accumulator to be injected into the 20Mpa accumulator, which is the following steps: because of the up-and-down fluctuation of the sea wave, the third power end needs to continuously rotate forward and backward, the piston of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 needs to do reciprocating motion, the MCU judges whether the piston is in compression or in resetting according to the pressure sensor 44, when the piston starts to compress hydraulic oil, the MCU immediately only opens (closes) the electromagnetic valve of the 20Mpa branch, at this time, the high-pressure hydraulic oil output by the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 starts to enter the 20Mpa energy accumulator (although at this time, the pressure of the air bag is equivalent to change, the working load is changed, the energy-collecting cable pulling force is changed, but by means of inertia of the whole WEC device, the floating body still can impact a distance upwards, the first power end is still driven, and the third power end still can continue to rotate forward). When the MCU judges that the piston starts to reset through the pressure sensor 44, the electromagnetic valve 42 of the 5Mpa branch is immediately opened (other closed), and at the moment, the hydraulic oil in the 5Mpa energy accumulator is released to push the piston to reset. Then MCU only opens 20Mpa branch electromagnetic valve when piston begins compressing, when piston begins resetting, only opens 5MPa electromagnetic valve. Thus, the purpose of preparing the hydraulic oil in each energy accumulator is achieved. Similarly, the hydraulic oil distribution among other accumulators can also be referred to in this way.

The second type of energy storage load-adjusting device is pneumatic, see fig. 12, namely: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is connected with the roller chain wheel 64 in an axle way, one end of the roller chain meshed with the differential/planetary gear is connected with a piston rod of a first cylinder 36, and the other end of the roller chain is a weight 65/tension spring (the other end of the tension spring is connected on the frame); the first air cylinder 36 is fixed on the frame, the air pipe 14 led out by the first air cylinder 36 is connected with a second air cylinder 96 after passing through an electromagnetic valve 42, the second air cylinder 96 is also a single-acting air cylinder, the piston rod of the single-acting air cylinder is lengthened, the lengthened part is made into a rack, a gear meshed with the rack is connected with a rotor shaft of a servo motor 39 controlled by a PLC, and the PLC controls the rotation of the servo motor 39 and the on-off of the electromagnetic valve 42 according to the motor state fed back by a position module of the servo motor 39 or the signal of a pressure sensor on the air pipe led out by the first air cylinder 36; the second cylinder can be replaced by an air pump with end face flow distribution, one inlet and outlet of the air pump are connected with the atmosphere, the other air inlet is connected with an air pipe, the air pipe is connected with the first cylinder 36 through the electromagnetic valve 42, and the air pump is connected with a rotor shaft of the servo motor;

principle of: normally, the solenoid valve 42 is closed and the gas in the first cylinder 36 is constant. When the first power end is at a high speed, the third power end drives the sprocket 64 to rotate forward to pull the piston rod 29, so that the gas in the first cylinder 36 is compressed, redundant mechanical energy of the second power end is converted into pneumatic energy, (the first cylinder 36 is equivalent to a gas spring), when the first power end stops, the high-pressure gas in the first cylinder 36 pushes the piston to reset, the sprocket 64 is pulled to rotate reversely, so that the third power end is driven to rotate reversely, and the third power end only can push the second power end to rotate continuously because the first power end is not allowed to rotate reversely by the backstop pawl 2, so that the stored pneumatic energy is converted into mechanical energy. And when we need to change the air pressure in the first cylinder 36, it can give instructions to the PLC. The PLC opens the solenoid valve 42 and simultaneously drives the servo motor to rotate, and drives the piston rod of the second cylinder 96 to move through the rack-and-pinion mechanism 31, thereby extracting or injecting gas from the first cylinder 36 through the gas pipe 14.

Preferably, as seen in fig. 12, the weight 65 is arranged in a vertical sliding cylinder 66 and keeps a gap with the inner wall of the vertical sliding cylinder, the sliding cylinder 66 is fixed on the frame, and the weight 65 can only move up and down in the sliding cylinder 66 without swaying, so that the chain is prevented from being separated from the chain wheel 64;

likewise, the sprocket and chain mechanism may be replaced with a reel-rope mechanism/rack and pinion mechanism;

the third energy storage load-adjusting device is spring type, fig. 14, namely: the third power end (namely a half-shaft gear) of the differential mechanism/planetary gear is in shaft connection with the winding drum 11, one end of a cable 69 is fixed and wound on the winding drum 11, the other end of the cable is connected with one end of a third tension spring 85, the other end of the third tension spring 85 is connected with one end of a braid 37, the other end of the braid 37 is fixed and wound on a self-carrying winding drum 80 of a winding machine, a motor 35 of the winding machine is in shaft connection with the self-carrying winding drum 80 through a torque sensor 52, and a singlechip/PLC (programmable logic controller) controls the winding machine to perform forward rotation, reverse rotation and braking by reading data of the sensor 52;

principle of: the hoist itself drum 80 is normally in a braked condition so that the end of the webbing 37 is stationary. When the first power end (differential left half shaft) rotates at a high speed, the third power end (differential right half shaft) is required to absorb more power, and the third power end drives the drum 11 to rotate, so that the cable 69 is pulled, the third tension spring 85 is pulled, and the redundant power of the first power end is converted into elastic potential energy of the third tension spring 85. When the left half shaft does not rotate, the winding drum 11 rotates reversely to drive the third power end of the differential mechanism to rotate reversely under the pulling force of the third tension spring 85, and the left half shaft cannot rotate reversely due to the retaining pawl 2, so that the power returned by the third power end is only supplied to the second power end, namely the spherical shell 4, to drive the generator G. Adjusting the tension of the third tension spring 85 can adjust the working torque of the right half shaft, the working torque of the main shaft 27 and the working load of the WEC. When the load needs to be regulated, an instruction is given to the MCU, the MCU controls the winch drum 80 to rotate, and the webbing 37 is pulled, so that one end of the third tension spring 85 is pulled, and the tension of the third tension spring 85 is larger. The MCU also monitors the torque change via the torque sensor 52 during this process and turns off the hoist motor 35 immediately upon reaching a predetermined value. When the load needs to be reduced, an instruction is given to the MCU, the MCU controls the winding drum 80 to rotate, the webbing 37 is released, the third tension spring 85 is shortened, and the tension of the third tension spring 85 is reduced. The MCU also monitors the torque change via the torque sensor 52 during this process and turns off the hoist motor 35 immediately upon reaching a predetermined value.

Preferably, see fig. 16: a torque limiter 19 is interposed between the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism and the overrunning clutch, that is, the output end of the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism (in the figure, the ring sprocket 50 drives the roller sprocket 64 through the chain transmission 76) is connected with one end of the torque limiter 19 through a main shaft, and the other end of the torque limiter 19 is connected with one end of the overrunning clutch 1 through a shaft. Fig. 14 shows the application of the friction clutch 1, which is self-contained overload protection, and which slips upon overload.

The principle is shown in fig. 16: the function of the torque limiter 19 is protection. Sometimes, the sea continues for a short time for a few large waves, so that the energy storage and load adjustment device is difficult to receive so much energy, the hydraulic cylinder/air cylinder can be compressed to the bottom, or the air bag of the energy storage device is compressed to the limit, or the tension spring is pulled to the limit, at the moment, if the first power end continues to rotate, damage is generated, so that the torque limiter 19 is added, and when the torque of the main shaft exceeds a certain value, the torque limiter slips, so that damage to a machine is avoided.

Preferably, see fig. 15: the MCU/PLC of the energy storage load-adjusting device can receive an external control command through an external antenna 43; the load adjustment can also be automatically performed according to the data of the pressure/torque sensor (if the wave is too small, the wave force is small, the rotation amplitude of the third power end is also small, the movement amplitude of the hydraulic cylinder/cylinder piston/the winding drum 11 in fig. 14 is small, and the movement amplitude is monitored by the pressure/torque sensor, and vice versa, the MCU/PLC can judge whether the wave is large or small through the data analysis for a period of time.)

Preferably, see fig. 16: for the energy storage load adjusting device comprising the air cylinder/hydraulic cylinder 12, a position sensor 47 for monitoring the position of the piston is arranged on the air cylinder/hydraulic cylinder 12, and the position sensor 47 signals an MCU or a PLC. Because the data measured by the pressure sensor 44 is affected by the position of the piston, the MCU or PLC needs to combine the data from the position sensor 47 and the pressure sensor 44 to accurately understand the current system state.

The differential mechanism/planetary gear and the energy storage load adjusting device in the section are also suitable for other occasions where unstable rotation speed needs to be stabilized.

The shells of the equipment cabin and the floating body/floater in the specification can be made of steel shells with rust-proof paint sprayed on the surfaces, glass fiber reinforced plastic shells can also be used for manufacturing, the ropes can be made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, all needed bearings (comprising a cable guide device, a double-roller cable guide device and a directional caster) can be made of corrosion-resistant copper-based graphite self-lubricating bearings, the wheel body materials of the directional roller, the cable guide device and the double-roller cable guide device can be made of polyurethane/nylon/rubber, the gravity anchors, the weights and the weights can be made of cement/cast iron, and the submerged buoy can be made of foam materials such as foam polystyrene.

Claims

1. A floating body rope sheave wave energy acquisition system is characterized in that: comprises a floating body, a gravity anchor, a linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, a main shaft and a counterweight; the floating body floats on the sea surface, and the gravity anchors under the water below the floating body;

There are two types of linear rotation conversion transmission mechanisms: a main reel, a main rope, a secondary reel, a secondary rope, or a friction wheel;

when the main winding drum, the main rope, the auxiliary winding drum and the auxiliary rope are adopted for the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, the structure of the floating body rope wheel wave energy acquisition system is as follows: one end of a main rope is tied on the gravity anchor, the other end of the main rope upwards extends upwards after passing through a rope guider arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and finally, the main rope is wound and fixed on a main winding drum, a main shaft of the main winding drum is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat, the main winding drum and an auxiliary winding drum are connected through a main shaft or are linked through a gear or chain transmission mechanism, an auxiliary rope is fixed and wound on the auxiliary winding drum, and the other end of the auxiliary rope downwards extends and is tied on a counterweight; the tension of the auxiliary rope is opposite to the torque generated by the main shaft due to the tension of the main rope; the main winding drum outputs rotary power outwards through a main shaft of the main winding drum;

when the friction wheel and the rope type are adopted for the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, the floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system has the structure that: one end of a rope is connected with a gravity anchor, the other end of the rope upwards extends after passing through a cable guide device arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and downwards extends after bypassing the friction wheel, and then is tied with a counterweight; the friction wheel is a wheel provided with a groove in a turning mode, and the friction coefficient of the surface of the groove is large; the friction wheel outputs rotary power through a shaft thereof, and the shaft is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat;

The ropes of the section between the main rope, the gravity anchor and the friction wheel are collectively called as energy collecting ropes, and the ropes of the section between the auxiliary rope, the counterweight and the friction wheel are collectively called as resetting ropes;

the energy collection cable also comprises a hard straight pipe, wherein the energy collection cable passes through the hard straight pipe; the top end opening of the hard straight pipe is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body through the rubber pipe, namely the top end opening of the hard straight pipe is in butt joint with one end opening of the rubber pipe, and the other end opening of the rubber pipe is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body; or the top end of the hard straight pipe is connected with the bottom surface of the floating body through ropes, namely the left side and the right side of the upper port of the hard straight pipe are respectively connected with one ends of two ropes, the two ropes are separated in a forked mode, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the bottom surface of the floating body; a distance is reserved between the bottom end of the hard straight pipe and the anchor base;

or the hard straight pipe is replaced by a telescopic multi-stage sleeve, the energy collecting rope passes through the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, and the top port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body through the rubber pipe, namely: the top end opening of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is in butt joint with one end of a rubber tube, and the other end opening of the rubber tube is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body; or, the telescopic multistage sleeve is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body through a rope, namely: the left side and the right side of the upper port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve are respectively connected with one end of two ropes, the two ropes are separated, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the bottom surface of the floating body;

The bottom end opening of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is connected to the gravity anchor in the same mode, namely by butt joint of rubber tubes or by ropes.

2. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: the counterweight is connected with the reset rope through a second tension spring, namely one end of the second tension spring is connected with the counterweight, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the reset rope.

3. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 2, wherein: the spiral wire of the second tension spring is sleeved with the rubber tube.

4. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: the friction wheel is 2 to constitute friction wheel group, specifically: the friction wheel is connected with the gear shaft, the friction wheel, the gear, the shaft and the bearing seat thereof form a friction wheel gear unit, the shaft is arranged on the frame on the floating body through the bearing and the bearing seat, the 2 identical friction wheel gear units are parallel in axis, same in direction, aligned in end face and arranged on the frame in a close way, the gears of the two friction wheel gear units are meshed, but the size of each friction wheel is smaller than that of the gear, so that the friction wheels do not interfere with each other; the shaft of one of the friction wheel gear units of the friction wheel group outputs power, and the rope sequentially winds around the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit, wherein the winding is opposite to the direction of winding the rope around the first friction wheel and the direction of winding the rope around the second friction wheel in the forward running.

5. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 2, wherein: the second tension spring is connected with one rope in parallel, namely one end of the second tension spring is connected with one end of the rope, the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the other end of the rope, and the length of the rope is equal to the length of the second tension spring when the second tension spring is allowed to be stretched to the maximum.

6. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: the main rope/rope passes through a cable guide arranged at the opening at the bottom end of the rigid pipe; a double-roller chock/linear ball bearing is arranged in the hard straight pipe.

7. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: for the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, the energy collecting rope passes through the cable guide installed at the inlets at the two ends of the top and the bottom of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve.

8. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 4, wherein: and then 1 to several identical friction gear units are sequentially added, the friction gear units are all installed according to the rules of parallel axial lines, same direction, aligned end faces and close to each other, the gears of each friction gear unit are meshed with the gears of the previous friction gear unit, one rope meanders around the friction wheel of each friction gear unit according to the adding sequence, and the whole friction wheel set still only has the shaft output power of one friction gear unit.