CN109484576A - Tension type anchoring system and its installation method - Google Patents
Tension type anchoring system and its installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109484576A CN109484576A CN201910027971.8A CN201910027971A CN109484576A CN 109484576 A CN109484576 A CN 109484576A CN 201910027971 A CN201910027971 A CN 201910027971A CN 109484576 A CN109484576 A CN 109484576A
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- storage
- mooring line
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of tension type anchoring system and its installation method, the system, include: floating type production, storage and offloading device, at least one compound mooring line is provided on the floating type production, storage and offloading device, the compound mooring line bottom is provided with for the suction anchor as mooring foundation；The compound mooring line is in the compound mooring line of three-stage of tensioning state, including upper end anchor chain, middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor chain；The upper end anchor chain, middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor chain are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the linkage section of the middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor chain is provided with buoyant spheres one.Tension type anchoring system of the present invention and its installation method, using polyester cable tension type multipoint mooring, polyester cable reply rigidity is big, and bigger restoring force can be provided for floating type production, storage and offloading device, effectively reduces horizontal offset.Required mooring line length is shorter, and polyester cable price is lower under identical rupture strength, save the cost, good economy performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to FPSO anchoring systems, specifically, more particularly to a kind of novel FPSO tension type anchoring system and
Its installation method.
Background technique
Demand with the mankind to the energy increasingly increases, and offshore petroleum resources are by the main battle ground of olefiant gas development of resources.Mesh
Preceding Marine oil and gas resource exploitation develops to deep-sea, and the operating depth of many offshore floating type works reaches 3000m.With exploitation
The increase of depth, requirement of the marine floating types such as FPSO works to the rigidity and performance of its anchoring system are also higher and higher.
The effect of anchoring system is exactly the motor imagination for effectively limiting floating platform, makes platform in suitable water surface area
Inside reach engine request, such as standpipe design requirement and operating condition guarantee.
For deepwater floating platform, traditional catenary mooring system using steel chain heaving pile can not meet engineering and want
It asks.Catenary anchoring system, restoring force caused by the self gravity by catenary realize the positioning to hull, and the depth of water is big
After 1000m, since mooring radius is excessive, hull is increased rapidly by load, and just reduce that hull can bear is variable
Load.Meanwhile catenary and hull horizontal angle increase, the pulling force of horizontal direction reduces, and it is impossible to meet wanting for platform restoring force
It asks, also will appear many new problems in terms of design and construction.
Summary of the invention
According to traditional catenary mooring system using steel chain heaving pile set forth above after the depth of water is greater than 1000m, by
Excessive in mooring radius, hull is increased rapidly by load, reduces the variable load that hull can bear, at the same catenary with
Hull horizontal angle increases, and the pulling force of horizontal direction reduces, and it is impossible to meet the requirements of restoring force, in terms of design and construction
It will appear many new difficult technical problems, and a kind of tension type anchoring system and its installation method be provided.The present invention is main
Using polyester cable tension type multipoint mooring, the compound mooring line of three-stage provides bigger restoring force for FPSO, effectively reduces level
Offset；Required mooring line length is shorter, reduces cost, good economy performance；Polyester cable weight used is lighter, increases FPSO
Payload；With smaller mooring radius, the danger with the collision of other underwater facilities is reduced.
The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of tension type anchoring system, comprising: floating type production, storage and offloading device, the floating type production, storage and offloading dress
It sets and is provided at least one compound mooring line, the compound mooring line bottom is provided with for the suction as mooring foundation
Anchor；The compound mooring line is in the compound mooring line of three-stage of tensioning state, including upper end anchor chain, middle section polyester cable and bottom end
Anchor chain；The upper end anchor chain, middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor chain are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor
The linkage section of chain is provided with buoyant spheres one.
Further, the upper end anchor chain upper end passes sequentially through chain cable fairlead and cable stopper, is connected to the Floating Production
On the mobile mooring winch of storage and offloading device or mobile anchor chain lifter.
Further, suction anchor insertion seabed setting, makes compound mooring line be tensioned setting, the compound system in water
It moors cable and is arranged with subsea horizontal face in α angle, 30 °≤α≤45 °.
Further, the chain cable fairlead is installed on the board of the floating type production, storage and offloading device, and makes institute
Stating chain cable fairlead being capable of 90 ° of swing of the relatively described ship side side plane or so；The mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain mention
It rises device to be installed on the track of the floating type production, storage and offloading device deck platform, makes the mobile mooring winch or movement
Formula anchor chain lifter can move on the track；The cable stopper is installed on the mobile mooring winch or movable type
The lower end of anchor chain lifter.
Further, the upper end anchor chain is connect with middle section polyester cable by chain rope socket one；The bottom end anchor chain with
Middle section polyester cable is connected by chain rope socket two.
Further, the circumferencial direction of the floating type production, storage and offloading device is provided with 3 or 4 groups of anchoring systems；Every group
The anchoring system has 2 to 7 compound mooring lines.
The present invention also provides a kind of installation methods of above-mentioned tension type anchoring system, comprising the following steps:
Suction anchor is placed on predetermined position in sea bed in advance by installation ship, and is after compound mooring line is connect with suction anchor
Buoyancy ball two when installation, picks up buoyant spheres two and compound mooring line, sails to floating type production, storage and offloading device, will be compound
Mooring line upper end is connect with floating type production, storage and offloading device.
After installation, need to mention by mooring winch in floating type production, storage and offloading device deck platform or anchor chain
It rises device to be tensioned compound mooring line, its tension is made to reach the pretension degree of requirement.
When under the effect of the environmental loads such as external wind, stream the movement far from anchor point occurs for floating type production, storage and offloading device
When, compound mooring line axial elongation provides the restoring force for making it keep in situ, Floating Production for floating type production, storage and offloading device
The displacement of storage and offloading device is bigger, and provided mooring force is bigger.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
1, using polyester cable tension type multipoint mooring, it can be floating type production, storage and offloading device that polyester cable reply rigidity is big
(FPSO) bigger restoring force is provided, horizontal offset is effectively reduced.
2, required mooring line length is shorter, and polyester cable price is lower under identical rupture strength, save the cost, economical
Property is good.
3, the compound mooring line of the three-stage being made of polyester cable, weight is lighter, increases floating type production, storage and offloading device
(FPSO) payload.
4, there is smaller mooring radius, reduce the danger with the collision of other underwater facilities.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of FPSO tension type anchoring system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the layout drawing of the mooring line of FPSO tension type anchoring system of the present invention, anchor.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of suction anchor in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the state diagram in the present invention after the completion of polyester cable pre-installation.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of single mooring line after the installation is completed in the present invention.
Wherein: 1, floating type production, storage and offloading device (FPSO), 2, mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter,
3, chain cable fairlead, 4, mooring line one, 5, mooring line two, 6, mooring line three, 7, mooring line four, 8, mooring line five, 9, mooring line six,
10, mooring line seven, 11, mooring line eight, 12, cable stopper, 13, upper end anchor chain, 14, chain rope socket one, 15, middle section polyester cable, 16,
Chain rope socket two, 17, bottom end anchor chain, 18, buoyant spheres one, 19, suction anchor, 20, installation ship, 21, remote-controlled vehicle (ROV), 22,
Buoyant spheres two.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
It is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is real to the description of at least one exemplary embodiment below
It is merely illustrative on border, never as to the present invention and its application or any restrictions used.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, positioned opposite, the digital table of the component and step that otherwise illustrate in these embodiments
It is not limited the scope of the invention up to formula and numerical value.Simultaneously, it should be clear that for ease of description, each portion shown in attached drawing
The size divided not is to draw according to actual proportionate relationship.Technology known for person of ordinary skill in the relevant, side
Method and equipment may be not discussed in detail, but in the appropriate case, and the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing explanation
A part of book.In shown here and discussion all examples, any occurrence should be construed as merely illustratively, and
Not by way of limitation.Therefore, the other examples of exemplary embodiment can have different values.It should also be noted that similar label
Similar terms are indicated in following attached drawing with letter, therefore, once it is defined in a certain Xiang Yi attached drawing, then subsequent attached
It does not need that it is further discussed in figure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, the noun of locality such as " front, rear, top, and bottom, left and right ", " it is laterally, vertical,
Vertically, orientation or positional relationship indicated by level " and " top, bottom " etc. is normally based on orientation or position shown in the drawings and closes
System, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, these nouns of locality do not indicate that
It must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation with the device or element for implying signified, therefore cannot manage
Solution is limiting the scope of the invention: the noun of locality " inside and outside " refers to inside and outside the profile relative to each component itself.
For ease of description, spatially relative term can be used herein, as " ... on ", " ... top ",
" ... upper surface ", " above " etc., for describing such as a device shown in the figure or feature and other devices or spy
The spatial relation of sign.It should be understood that spatially relative term is intended to comprising the orientation in addition to device described in figure
Except different direction in use or operation.For example, being described as if the device in attached drawing is squeezed " in other devices
It will be positioned as " under other devices or construction after part or construction top " or the device of " on other devices or construction "
Side " or " under its device or construction ".Thus, exemplary term " ... top " may include " ... top " and
" in ... lower section " two kinds of orientation.The device can also be positioned with other different modes and (is rotated by 90 ° or in other orientation), and
And respective explanations are made to the opposite description in space used herein above.
In addition, it should be noted that, limiting components using the words such as " first ", " second ", it is only for be convenient for
Corresponding components are distinguished, do not have Stated otherwise such as, there is no particular meanings for above-mentioned word, therefore should not be understood as to this
The limitation of invention protection scope.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of floating type production, storage and offloading device tension type anchoring system, use is compound
The polyester cable tension type multipoint mooring of mooring line, compound mooring line are divided into four groups of arrangements, and each mooring cable structure is identical, this example is only said
Bright wherein structure type at one, remaining can refer to herein.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present invention provides a kind of tension type anchoring systems, comprising: floating type production, storage and offloading dress
1 is set, is provided at least one compound mooring line on the floating type production, storage and offloading device 1, on the upper end anchor chain 13
End pass sequentially through chain cable fairlead 3 and cable stopper 12, be connected to the floating type production, storage and offloading device 1 mobile mooring winch or
On mobile anchor chain lifter 2.
The chain cable fairlead 3 is installed on the board of the floating type production, storage and offloading device 1, and makes the chain cable fairlead
3 can 90 ° of swings of the relatively described ship side side plane or so, for for the guiding of upper end anchor chain 13 and preventing its rolling.
The mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter 2 are installed on the floating type production, storage and offloading device
On the track of 1 deck platform, the mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter 2 is enable to move on the track
It is dynamic, save hull space.
The cable stopper 12 is installed on the lower end of the mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter, guarantees floating
Formula produces storage and offloading device 1 and clamps upper end anchor chain 13 when stabilization, reliable operation under predetermined sea situation.
The compound mooring line bottom is provided with for the suction anchor 19 as mooring foundation；The suction anchor 19 is embedded in sea
Bottom setting, compound mooring line are tensioned setting in water, are always at tensioning state, keep the compound mooring line approximate straight in water
Line, the compound mooring line are arranged with subsea horizontal face in α angle, and 30 °≤α≤45 °.The suction anchor 19 is both by level
Power bears upward power again.
The compound mooring line is the compound mooring line of three-stage (anchor chain-polyester cable-anchor chain) in tensioning state, including
Upper end anchor chain 13, middle section polyester cable 15 and bottom end anchor chain 17；The upper end anchor chain 13 passes through chain rope socket with middle section polyester cable 15
One 14 connections；The bottom end anchor chain 17 is connect with middle section polyester cable 15 by chain rope socket 2 16.The upper end anchor chain 13
The friction worn at fairlead and with seabed can be resisted with bottom end anchor chain 17；The middle section polyester cable 15 is in water close to certainly
It is floating, mooring line weight can be reduced.
The upper end anchor chain 13, middle section polyester cable 15 and bottom end anchor chain 17 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the middle section polyester
The linkage section of cable 15 and bottom end anchor chain 17 is provided with buoyant spheres 1, makes polyester cable 15 far from seabed, avoid the abrasion of polyester cable and
Into sand, prolong the service life.
Preferably, the circumferencial direction of the floating type production, storage and offloading device 1 is provided with 3 or 4 groups of anchoring systems；Every group of institute
Anchoring system is stated with 2 to 7 compound mooring lines.
When the circumferencial direction of the floating type production, storage and offloading device 1 is provided with 4 groups of anchoring systems, every group multiple with 2
Mooring line is closed, mooring line 1 and mooring line 25 are first group, and mooring line 36 and mooring line 47 are second group, mooring line 58
It is third group with mooring line 69, mooring line 7 10 and mooring line 8 11 are the 4th group.
Tension type anchoring system of the present invention, using polyester cable tension type mooring, polyester cable reply rigidity is big, can be
Floating type production, storage and offloading device (FPSO) provides bigger restoring force, effectively reduces horizontal offset, required compound mooring
Cable length is shorter, and polyester cable price is lower under identical rupture strength, save the cost, good economy performance, and by polyester cable group
At the compound mooring line of three-stage, weight is lighter, increases the payload of floating type production, storage and offloading device (FPSO), furthermore
Tension type mooring has smaller mooring radius, reduces the danger with the collision of other underwater facilities, is a kind of novel FPSO
(Floating Production Storage and Offshore Units, floating type production, storage and offloading device) tension type system
Pool system.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a kind of installation method of above-mentioned tension type anchoring system, comprising the following steps:
Suction anchor 19 is placed on predetermined position in sea bed in advance by installation ship 20, and compound mooring line and suction anchor 19 are connected
Buoyant spheres 2 22 are fastened after connecing, specific steps are as follows:
Installation ship 20 carries suction anchor 19 and reaches specified sea area, and after being connected to decentralization notice, suction anchor 19 is sliding along stern idler wheel
Under, when suction anchor 19 is close to seabed, is monitored by remote-controlled vehicle 21 and suction anchor 19 is commanded to sink along correct direction, suction anchor
19 after self weight injection seabed certain depth formation enclosure space, and remote-controlled vehicle 21 is placed on suction anchor 19, closes exhaust valve
And start to be evacuated, make the injection seabed under differential pressure action of suction anchor 19, bottom end anchor chain 17 and middle section polyester cable 15 are in installation ship 20
On link together, after remote-controlled vehicle 21 and suction anchor 19 are freed, bottom end anchor chain 17 and suction anchor 19 are attached, middle section
Buoyant spheres 2 22 are fastened in 15 upper end of polyester cable, convenient for finding.
When installation, buoyant spheres 2 22 and compound mooring line are picked up, are sailed to floating type production, storage and offloading device 1, it will be compound
Mooring line upper end is connect with floating type production, storage and offloading device 1.
After installation, need through the mooring winch or anchor chain in 1 deck platform of floating type production, storage and offloading device
Lifter 2 is tensioned compound mooring line, its tension is made to reach the pretension degree of requirement, and concrete operations are packaged type
Mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter 2 are moved to 13 top of upper end anchor chain to be operated, will after being connected with upper end anchor chain 13
Cable stopper 4 is opened, and is promoted after upper end anchor chain 13 makes its tension reach requirement, then blocked upper end anchor chain 13 with cable stopper 4, is freed
Connection.
When under the effect of the environmental loads such as external wind, stream the movement far from anchor point occurs for floating type production, storage and offloading device 1
When, compound mooring line axial elongation provides the restoring force for making it keep in situ for floating type production, storage and offloading device 1, and floating is raw
The displacement for producing storage and offloading device 1 is bigger, and provided mooring force is bigger.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of tension type anchoring system characterized by comprising floating type production, storage and offloading device, the Floating Production
At least one compound mooring line is provided on storage and offloading device, the compound mooring line bottom is provided with for as mooring base
The suction anchor of plinth；
The compound mooring line is in the compound mooring line of three-stage of tensioning state, including upper end anchor chain, middle section polyester cable and bottom
Hold anchor chain；
The upper end anchor chain, middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor chain are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the middle section polyester cable and bottom end anchor
The linkage section of chain is provided with buoyant spheres one.
2. tension type anchoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The upper end anchor chain upper end passes sequentially through chain cable fairlead and cable stopper, is connected to the floating type production, storage and offloading device
On mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter.
3. tension type anchoring system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
Suction anchor insertion seabed setting, makes compound mooring line be tensioned setting in water, the compound mooring line is the same as seabed water
Plane is arranged in α angle, and 30 °≤α≤45 °.
4. tension type anchoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The chain cable fairlead is installed on the board of the floating type production, storage and offloading device, and enables the chain cable fairlead phase
90 ° of described ship side side plane or so are swung；
The mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter are installed on floating type production, storage and offloading device deck
On the track of platform, the mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter is enable to move on the track；
The cable stopper is installed on the lower end of the mobile mooring winch or mobile anchor chain lifter.
5. tension type anchoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The upper end anchor chain is connect with middle section polyester cable by chain rope socket one；The bottom end anchor chain passes through with middle section polyester cable
Chain rope socket two connects.
6. tension type anchoring system according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The circumferencial direction of the floating type production, storage and offloading device is provided with 3 or 4 groups of anchoring systems；
Anchoring system described in every group has 2 to 7 compound mooring lines.
7. a kind of installation method of tension type anchoring system described in the claims 2, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Suction anchor is placed on predetermined position in sea bed in advance by installation ship, and is fastened after compound mooring line is connect with suction anchor floating
Power ball two when installation, picks up buoyant spheres two and compound mooring line, sails to floating type production, storage and offloading device, by compound mooring
Cable upper end is connect with floating type production, storage and offloading device；
After installation, need through the mooring winch or anchor chain lifter in floating type production, storage and offloading device deck platform
Compound mooring line is tensioned, its tension is made to reach the pretension degree of requirement；
It is compound when under external wind, stream environmental load effect the movement far from anchor point occurs for floating type production, storage and offloading device
Mooring line axial elongation, the restoring force for making it keep in situ is provided for floating type production, storage and offloading device, and Floating Production oil storage is unloaded
The displacement of oily device is bigger, and provided mooring force is bigger.
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| CN201910027971.8A CN109484576A (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-01-11 | Tension type anchoring system and its installation method |
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| CN111532380A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-08-14 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Pre-laying and tie-back method for mooring deep water polyester cable |
| CN111577551A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 | Floating type fan foundation |
| CN114030563A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-11 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Multi-point mooring system suitable for cylindrical FPSO and design method thereof |
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| CN117566032A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-02-20 | 天津大学 | Floating type offshore photovoltaic mooring system connecting device |
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| CN114030563A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-11 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Multi-point mooring system suitable for cylindrical FPSO and design method thereof |
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