CN109479606A - A kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109479606A CN109479606A CN201811637235.6A CN201811637235A CN109479606A CN 109479606 A CN109479606 A CN 109479606A CN 201811637235 A CN201811637235 A CN 201811637235A CN 109479606 A CN109479606 A CN 109479606A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding methods, comprising the following steps: (1) primary election；(2) final election；(3) final election；(4) it files；(5) family progeny measures；(6) regional testing；(7) breeding resources Collection and conservation.The invention has the advantages that having obtained the Moringa breeding of seed high yield.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical field, in particular to a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method.
Background technique
Moringa is Moringaceae Moringa platymiscium, is a kind of tropical plants of unique economic value.Undergraduate course only has a category, altogether
14 kinds.Moringa is perennial deep root system deciduous plant, and plant is very thin, reaches as high as 12m；Branch and stem are fragile；Blade three
Return pinnate compound leaf, grey color or milky, fragrance；Plant second year can as a result, generally every annual bearing it is primary, the long 25- of fruit pod
40cm, every pod have 20 seeds.
Moringa is usually leaf as main application obscure portions, but with to Moringa, especially to the continuous research of moringa seeds,
Grease rich in moringa seeds, it is therefore desirable to preferably go out the Moringa kind more than seed output from Moringa kind.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide the Moringa fine-variety breeding methods of a seed kind high yield.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary election；
(2) final election；
(3) final election；
(4) it files；
(5) family progeny measures；
(6) regional testing；
(7) breeding resources Collection and conservation.
Preferably, being just selected as investigating local origin of stand in the step (1), select tree clue is collected, by standard for plus trees
Select candidate select tree in the standing forest that grows directly from seeds, hat width, yield, fruit size and the distribution of on-site inspection candidate select tree, pericarp thickness,
Flowers distribution, pest and disease damage index.
Preferably, final election is continuously to survey 2 to the single fruit yield and fruit rot of candidate select tree in the step (2)
Year, minimum fruit yield index is met or exceeded, fruit rot rate continues to make candidate select tree lower than index request, otherwise washes in a pan in time
It eliminates.
Preferably, final election is to continue within the 3rd year to survey single fruit yield and fruit rot rate in the step (3), it is qualified
Single plant takes 50 pods to enclose label at random, measures pod kernal number, and thousand grain weigth measures kernel oil content.
Preferably, the step (4) is filed to fill in select tree registration form, select tree photo is shot, describes select tree position and shows
It is intended to, records necessary additional information.
Preferably, step (5) family progeny measurement the following steps are included:
A, test material；Select tree seed source understands, using live streaming or seedling forestation；
B, field afforestation experiment；Using experimental design methods such as random district's groups, 50 plants of each family or more；To be planted as landlord
Provenance is control, and afforest seeding row spacing 3m × 3m；Selection measurement plot is as consistent as possible, and same district's groups different community land occupation condition is answered
Unanimously；Trial zone surrounding sets up 2 rows or more protection row；Afforestation technology according to GB T 15776 and LY T 1328；
C, test observation index and measuring method；
First Year testing index mainly has growth traits, the amount of blossoming and bearing fruit and disease and insect resistance character；
5 to five year best fruiting period measured tree body character, fresh Pod Yield, seed production, seed oil content and disease and insect resistance
Character；METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION 3-4, is compared with control；Yield traits according to actual density, average strain fruit yield, grain yield and
Current year oil content calculates；Unit area or average single plant yield are higher by 20% than control yield, or always put down higher than all familys of participating in the experiment
The above person of equal 2 times of standard deviations is excellent；
D, establishing techniques archives；
E, each test standing forest will be established including measurement material source, breeding method, experimental design, reproducing area situation, examination
Test the files of the relevant informations such as woods construction, tending management, each time survey data and field planting figure.
Preferably, step (6) regional testing is excellent family's based material to be showed, by differently by measurement
The test of three area above of qi-regulating time or soil types, and the Character Evaluation in continuous 3 year best fruiting period is completed, determine its adaptability
Area.
Preferably, step (7) the breeding resources Collection and conservation are as follows:
A, former strain saves on the spot, and the time limit 4 years；
B, fine provenance or select tree are introduced a fine variety, according to producing region natural conditions, collects seed in time and across climate zone kind is set up in subregion
The strange land of matter resource saves base；
C, strange land, which saves, presses provenance, selects area, economic or economical character, specific traits and cultivated character partition arrangement are protected
It deposits；
D, material is saved to cultivate by direct-seeding, and spring sowing, each number saves 20 plants or more；
E, breeding resources basis is managed and protected by Moringa management measure, is established breeding resources and is saved archives.
The invention has the following advantages:
By to target settings such as single plant yield, unit area hat width yield, pod weight, pod kernal numbers, by primary election,
Final election final election, is filed, family progeny measurement, regional testing, breeding resources Collection and conservation, and the Moringa for having obtained seed high yield is good
Kind.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below.It should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but and does not constitute a limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
Technical characteristic involved in each embodiment can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary election；It is just selected as investigating local origin of stand, collects select tree clue, selected in the standing forest that grows directly from seeds by standard for plus trees
Select candidate select tree, hat width, yield, fruit size and the distribution of on-site inspection candidate select tree, pericarp thickness, Flowers distribution, disease pest
Evil index.50 plants of Moringas are selected, mean crown-height is than 0.66, average ground diameter 10.00cm, and average primary branch amount 12.73 is average
Fruit pod quantity 131.43, the average total kernal number 2458.63 of single plant fruit pod, average seed 100-grain weight 26.62g, average single plant yield
647.52g, average fruit pod kernal number 19.4.These parameters are more than preferably out 20 plants of average, as candidate select tree.
(2) final election；Final election is continuously to survey 2 years to the single fruit yield and fruit rot of candidate select tree, is met or exceeded most
Low yield fruit figureofmerit, fruit rot rate continue to make candidate select tree lower than index request, otherwise eliminate in time.
(3) final election；Final election is to continue within the 3rd year to survey single fruit yield and fruit rot rate, qualified single plant take 50 at random
Pod encloses label, measures pod kernal number, and thousand grain weigth measures kernel oil content.
(4) it files；It files to fill in select tree registration form, shoots select tree photo, describe select tree position view, record necessary
Additional information.
(5) family progeny measures；Family progeny measurement the following steps are included:
A, test material；Select tree seed source understands, using live streaming or seedling forestation；
B, field afforestation experiment；Using experimental design methods such as random district's groups, 50 plants of each family or more；To be planted as landlord
Provenance is control, and afforest seeding row spacing 3m × 3m；Selection measurement plot is as consistent as possible, and same district's groups different community land occupation condition is answered
Unanimously；Trial zone surrounding sets up 2 rows or more protection row；Afforestation technology according to GB T 15776 and LY T 1328；
C, test observation index and measuring method；
First Year testing index mainly has growth traits, the amount of blossoming and bearing fruit and disease and insect resistance character；
5 to five year best fruiting period measured tree body character, fresh Pod Yield, seed production, seed oil content and disease and insect resistance
Character；METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION 3-4, is compared with control；Yield traits according to actual density, average strain fruit yield, grain yield and
Current year oil content calculates；Unit area or average single plant yield are higher by 20% than control yield, or always put down higher than all familys of participating in the experiment
The above person of equal 2 times of standard deviations is excellent；
D, establishing techniques archives；
E, each test standing forest will be established including measurement material source, breeding method, experimental design, reproducing area situation, examination
Test the files of the relevant informations such as woods construction, tending management, each time survey data and field planting figure.
(6) regional testing；Regional testing is to show excellent family's based material by measurement, by different geography and climates or
Three area above of soil types are tested, and complete the Character Evaluation in continuous 3 year best fruiting period, determine its normal region.
(7) breeding resources Collection and conservation；Breeding resources Collection and conservation are as follows:
A, former strain saves on the spot, and the time limit 4 years；
B, fine provenance or select tree are introduced a fine variety, according to producing region natural conditions, collects seed in time and across climate zone kind is set up in subregion
The strange land of matter resource saves base；
C, strange land, which saves, presses provenance, selects area, economic or economical character, specific traits and cultivated character partition arrangement are protected
It deposits；
D, material is saved to cultivate by direct-seeding, and spring sowing, each number saves 20 plants or more；
E, breeding resources basis is managed and protected by Moringa management measure, is established breeding resources and is saved archives.
By the Moringa breeding that the above method is selected, after cultivating and growing, the total kernal number 5864 of single plant fruit pod, seed 100-grain weight
36.28g, single plant yield 1196.13g, single fruit pod kernal number 31.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary election；It is just selected as investigating local origin of stand, collects select tree clue, selected in the standing forest that grows directly from seeds by standard for plus trees
Select candidate select tree, hat width, yield, fruit size and the distribution of on-site inspection candidate select tree, pericarp thickness, Flowers distribution, disease pest
Evil index.50 plants of Moringas are selected, mean crown-height is than 0.67, average ground diameter 10.06cm, and average primary branch amount 11.67 is average
Fruit pod quantity 130.86, the average total kernal number 2477.34 of single plant fruit pod, average seed 100-grain weight 25.86g, average single plant yield
643.64g, average fruit pod kernal number 18.1.These parameters are more than preferably out 20 plants of average, as candidate select tree.
(2) final election；Final election is continuously to survey 2 years to the single fruit yield and fruit rot of candidate select tree, is met or exceeded most
Low yield fruit figureofmerit, fruit rot rate continue to make candidate select tree lower than index request, otherwise eliminate in time.
(3) final election；Final election is to continue within the 3rd year to survey single fruit yield and fruit rot rate, qualified single plant take 50 at random
Pod encloses label, measures pod kernal number, and thousand grain weigth measures kernel oil content.
(4) it files；It files to fill in select tree registration form, shoots select tree photo, describe select tree position view, record necessary
Additional information.
(5) family progeny measures；Family progeny measurement the following steps are included:
A, test material；Select tree seed source understands, using live streaming or seedling forestation；
B, field afforestation experiment；Using experimental design methods such as random district's groups, 50 plants of each family or more；To be planted as landlord
Provenance is control, and afforest seeding row spacing 3m × 3m；Selection measurement plot is as consistent as possible, and same district's groups different community land occupation condition is answered
Unanimously；Trial zone surrounding sets up 2 rows or more protection row；Afforestation technology according to GB T 15776 and LY T 1328；
C, test observation index and measuring method；
First Year testing index mainly has growth traits, the amount of blossoming and bearing fruit and disease and insect resistance character；
5 to five year best fruiting period measured tree body character, fresh Pod Yield, seed production, seed oil content and disease and insect resistance
Character；METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION 3-4, is compared with control；Yield traits according to actual density, average strain fruit yield, grain yield and
Current year oil content calculates；Unit area or average single plant yield are higher by 20% than control yield, or always put down higher than all familys of participating in the experiment
The above person of equal 2 times of standard deviations is excellent；
D, establishing techniques archives；
E, each test standing forest will be established including measurement material source, breeding method, experimental design, reproducing area situation, examination
Test the files of the relevant informations such as woods construction, tending management, each time survey data and field planting figure.
(6) regional testing；Regional testing is to show excellent family's based material by measurement, by different geography and climates or
Three area above of soil types are tested, and complete the Character Evaluation in continuous 3 year best fruiting period, determine its normal region.
(7) breeding resources Collection and conservation；Breeding resources Collection and conservation are as follows:
A, former strain saves on the spot, and the time limit 4 years；
B, fine provenance or select tree are introduced a fine variety, according to producing region natural conditions, collects seed in time and across climate zone kind is set up in subregion
The strange land of matter resource saves base；
C, strange land, which saves, presses provenance, selects area, economic or economical character, specific traits and cultivated character partition arrangement are protected
It deposits；
D, material is saved to cultivate by direct-seeding, and spring sowing, each number saves 20 plants or more；
E, breeding resources basis is managed and protected by Moringa management measure, is established breeding resources and is saved archives.
By the Moringa breeding that the above method is selected, after cultivating and growing, the total kernal number 5811 of single plant fruit pod, seed 100-grain weight
36.14g, single plant yield 1189.67g, single fruit pod kernal number 29.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary election；It is just selected as investigating local origin of stand, collects select tree clue, selected in the standing forest that grows directly from seeds by standard for plus trees
Select candidate select tree, hat width, yield, fruit size and the distribution of on-site inspection candidate select tree, pericarp thickness, Flowers distribution, disease pest
Evil index.50 plants of Moringas are selected, mean crown-height is than 0.68, average ground diameter 10.97cm, and average primary branch amount 13.22 is average
Fruit pod quantity 132.62, the average total kernal number 2460.96 of single plant fruit pod, average seed 100-grain weight 27.33g, average single plant yield
648.54g, average fruit pod kernal number 20.3.These parameters are more than preferably out 20 plants of average, as candidate select tree.
(2) final election；Final election is continuously to survey 2 years to the single fruit yield and fruit rot of candidate select tree, is met or exceeded most
Low yield fruit figureofmerit, fruit rot rate continue to make candidate select tree lower than index request, otherwise eliminate in time.
(3) final election；Final election is to continue within the 3rd year to survey single fruit yield and fruit rot rate, qualified single plant take 50 at random
Pod encloses label, measures pod kernal number, and thousand grain weigth measures kernel oil content.
(4) it files；It files to fill in select tree registration form, shoots select tree photo, describe select tree position view, record necessary
Additional information.
(5) family progeny measures；Family progeny measurement the following steps are included:
A, test material；Select tree seed source understands, using live streaming or seedling forestation；
B, field afforestation experiment；Using experimental design methods such as random district's groups, 50 plants of each family or more；To be planted as landlord
Provenance is control, and afforest seeding row spacing 3m × 3m；Selection measurement plot is as consistent as possible, and same district's groups different community land occupation condition is answered
Unanimously；Trial zone surrounding sets up 2 rows or more protection row；Afforestation technology according to GB T 15776 and LY T 1328；
C, test observation index and measuring method；
First Year testing index mainly has growth traits, the amount of blossoming and bearing fruit and disease and insect resistance character；
5 to five year best fruiting period measured tree body character, fresh Pod Yield, seed production, seed oil content and disease and insect resistance
Character；METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION 3-4, is compared with control；Yield traits according to actual density, average strain fruit yield, grain yield and
Current year oil content calculates；Unit area or average single plant yield are higher by 20% than control yield, or always put down higher than all familys of participating in the experiment
The above person of equal 2 times of standard deviations is excellent；
D, establishing techniques archives；
E, each test standing forest will be established including measurement material source, breeding method, experimental design, reproducing area situation, examination
Test the files of the relevant informations such as woods construction, tending management, each time survey data and field planting figure.
(6) regional testing；Regional testing is to show excellent family's based material by measurement, by different geography and climates or
Three area above of soil types are tested, and complete the Character Evaluation in continuous 3 year best fruiting period, determine its normal region.
(7) breeding resources Collection and conservation；Breeding resources Collection and conservation are as follows:
A, former strain saves on the spot, and the time limit 4 years；
B, fine provenance or select tree are introduced a fine variety, according to producing region natural conditions, collects seed in time and across climate zone kind is set up in subregion
The strange land of matter resource saves base；
C, strange land, which saves, presses provenance, selects area, economic or economical character, specific traits and cultivated character partition arrangement are protected
It deposits；
D, material is saved to cultivate by direct-seeding, and spring sowing, each number saves 20 plants or more；
E, breeding resources basis is managed and protected by Moringa management measure, is established breeding resources and is saved archives.
By the Moringa breeding that the above method is selected, the total kernal number 5839 of single plant fruit pod after cultivating and growing, seed 100-grain weight
35.55g, single plant yield 1190.82g, single fruit pod kernal number 32.
Above the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiments.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out more
Kind change, modification, replacement and modification, still fall in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) primary election；
(2) final election；
(3) final election；
(4) it files；
(5) family progeny measures；
(6) regional testing；
(7) breeding resources Collection and conservation.
2. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It is just selected as investigating local origin of stand in the step (1), collects select tree clue, selected in the standing forest that grows directly from seeds by standard for plus trees
Select candidate select tree, hat width, yield, fruit size and the distribution of on-site inspection candidate select tree, pericarp thickness, Flowers distribution, disease pest
Evil index.
3. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Final election is continuously to survey 2 years to the single fruit yield and fruit rot of candidate select tree in the step (2), is met or exceeded most
Low yield fruit figureofmerit, fruit rot rate continue to make candidate select tree lower than index request, otherwise eliminate in time.
4. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Final election is to continue within the 3rd year to survey single fruit yield and fruit rot rate, qualified single plant take 50 at random in the step (3)
Pod encloses label, measures pod kernal number, and thousand grain weigth measures kernel oil content.
5. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The step (4) is filed to fill in select tree registration form, shoots select tree photo, describes select tree position view, records necessary
Additional information.
6. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step (5) family progeny measurement the following steps are included:
A, test material；Select tree seed source understands, using live streaming or seedling forestation；
B, field afforestation experiment；Using randomized block experiment design method, 50 plants of each family or more；To be when landlord plants source
Control, afforest seeding row spacing 3m × 3m；Selection measurement plot is as consistent as possible, and same district's groups different community land occupation condition should be consistent；
Trial zone surrounding sets up 2 rows or more protection row；Afforestation technology according to GB T 15776 and LY T 1328；
C, test observation index and measuring method；
First Year testing index mainly has growth traits, the amount of blossoming and bearing fruit and disease and insect resistance character；
5 to five year best fruiting period measured tree body character, fresh Pod Yield, seed production, seed oil content and disease and insect resistance
Shape；METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION 3-4, is compared with control；Yield traits are according to actual density, average strain fruit yield, grain yield and work as
Year oil content calculating；Unit area or average single plant yield are higher by 20% than control yield, or higher than all family overall averages 2 of participating in the experiment
Times above person of standard deviation is excellent；
D, establishing techniques archives；
E, each test standing forest will be established including measuring material source, breeding method, experimental design, reproducing area situation, pilot forest
Construction, tending management, each time survey data and the files for being colonized figure relevant information.
7. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step (6) regional testing is excellent family's based material to be showed, by different geography and climates or soil class by measurement
Three area above of type are tested, and complete the Character Evaluation in continuous 3 year best fruiting period, determine its normal region.
8. a kind of Moringa fine-variety breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Step (7) the breeding resources Collection and conservation are as follows:
A, former strain saves on the spot, and the time limit 4 years；
B, fine provenance or select tree are introduced a fine variety, according to producing region natural conditions, collects seed in time and across climate zone germplasm money is set up in subregion
The strange land in source saves base；
C, strange land, which saves, presses provenance, selects area, economic or economical character, specific traits and cultivated character partition arrangement save；
D, material is saved to cultivate by direct-seeding, and spring sowing, each number saves 20 plants or more；
E, breeding resources basis is managed and protected by Moringa management measure, is established breeding resources and is saved archives.
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| CN201811637235.6A CN109479606B (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Breeding method of improved moringa oleifera variety |
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| CN103270940A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 安阳工学院 | Quantitative breeding technique process and method for crops |
| WO2016079265A1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-26 | Ratiopharm Gmbh | Oral rehydration composition |
| CN105961197A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-28 | 华南农业大学 | High efficiency regeneration method of Moringa oleifera |
| CN107996246A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-08 | 许文胜 | Tropical plants Moringa is in northern area plantation and wintering method |
| CN108040535A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-18 | 云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Moringa green cultivation management method |
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2018
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103270940A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 安阳工学院 | Quantitative breeding technique process and method for crops |
| WO2016079265A1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-26 | Ratiopharm Gmbh | Oral rehydration composition |
| CN105961197A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-28 | 华南农业大学 | High efficiency regeneration method of Moringa oleifera |
| CN107996246A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-05-08 | 许文胜 | Tropical plants Moringa is in northern area plantation and wintering method |
| CN108040535A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-18 | 云南省德宏热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of Moringa green cultivation management method |
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