CN109469082A - A kind of open caisson construction equipment and construction method - Google Patents
A kind of open caisson construction equipment and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109469082A CN109469082A CN201811395628.0A CN201811395628A CN109469082A CN 109469082 A CN109469082 A CN 109469082A CN 201811395628 A CN201811395628 A CN 201811395628A CN 109469082 A CN109469082 A CN 109469082A
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- open caisson
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/08—Lowering or sinking caissons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0061—Production methods for working underwater
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of open caisson construction equipment and construction method.Wherein, including the digging mechanism for excavating vertical shaft downwards;For tunneling with the digging mechanism, the open caisson that open caisson is lifted in vertical shaft lifts mechanism;Slag pulp selector structure;And plasma discharge, slip casting mechanism;Stop the high-pressure flush mechanism of the density of mud in the position of the well sinking, and dilution vertical shaft for impacting and softening vertical shaft.Pass through plasma discharge, slip casting circulation mechanism, and the setting of two sets of grouting systems of high-pressure flush mechanism, when open caisson generates uneven decline, using high-pressure flush mechanical shocks well sinking resistance point, reduce well head lower end frictional resistance at this, to guarantee that open caisson uniformly declines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of open caisson construction equipment and construction method.
Background technique
In Construction for Hydroelectric Project, caisson method is to build sluice, pump station engineering and buried foundation engineering to be adopted
The advantages that one of important construction method, simple with construction technology, buried depth is big, globality and good stability, and it is right
The influence of close to buildings and ambient enviroment is smaller.Open caisson construction is carried out, constructs than heavy excavation, digging, fortune, backfill can be greatly reduced
Earth volume, therefore can accelerate construction progress, reduce operating expenses.
In the open caisson construction equipment of the prior art, during open caisson decline, when the side wall of the vertical shaft dug is to perpendicular
When the resistance of the open caisson to sink in well is greater than the self weight of open caisson, the differential settlement phenomenon of open caisson can be generated, existing solution is done
Method is pressurizeed by auxiliary pressurized mechanism, and auxiliary pressurized mechanism includes pressurizing frame, and the pressurization in pressurizing frame is arranged in
Oil cylinder, the pressing plate connecting with the telescopic end of pressurization oil cylinder, resist open caisson by pressing plate and pressurize to open caisson, to keep open caisson suitable
Benefit is sunk.Such auxiliary pressurized mechanism not only huge structure, and it is inconvenient to transport installation.In addition, for different geology, example
Such as sandy pear variety, argillic horizon stratum carry out in work progress, and construction personnel needs first to reconnoitre geology, bore in open caisson construction place
It visits, understands geological condition at this, then carry out the selection of open caisson construction equipment.But in fact, above-mentioned preparation of construction can not yet
The realtime construction environment on enough stratum of reflection completely, and the construction equipment selected is during practical open caisson construction, it can not root
It is adjusted according to geological conditions.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, uneven sink is also easy to produce in open caisson construction in the prior art the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that overcoming
Drop, to provide the equipment and construction method of a kind of efficient open caisson construction.
In order to solve the above technical problems, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of open caisson construction equipment, comprising:
Digging mechanism, for excavating vertical shaft downwards;
Open caisson lifts mechanism, and for tunneling with the digging mechanism, open caisson is lifted in vertical shaft;
Slag pulp selector structure;
Plasma discharge mechanism is separated for the slurry mixture in vertical shaft to be pumped to the slag pulp selector structure;
Slip casting mechanism, for the mud after the separation of slag pulp selector structure to be injected back into vertical shaft;
High-pressure flush mechanism stops for impacting and softening vertical shaft in the position of the well sinking, and dilution vertical shaft
The density of mud.
In above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, further includes:
Open caisson position sensor, the borehole wall around the open caisson are uniformly arranged, and are carried out to the open caisson down position real-time
Detection;
Controller is communicated to connect with the open caisson position sensor, obtains open caisson position signal, judges that open caisson is obstructed position
It sets, the controller and high-pressure flush mechanism and the slip casting mechanism communicate to connect, and the controller controls the high-pressure flush
High pressure water sprays towards open caisson block position in mechanism, and controls grouting pump and stop working.
Further include mud density analyzer in above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, is set in the slag pulp selector structure, it is right
Mud density in the slag pulp selector structure is detected;The controller and mud weight sensor communicate to connect, to institute
State mud density analyze its conveying mud density value judged, if mud density value detected be greater than or equal to the first threshold
When value, the controller controls the high-pressure flush mechanism and starts to work, and controls grouting pump and stop working.
In above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, high-pressure flush mechanism includes high-pressure hydraulic pump, water inlet pipe and giant;The high pressure
The entrance of water pump is connect with water source, and the outlet of the high-pressure hydraulic pump is connect with one end of the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe it is another
One end connects the giant.
In above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, digging mechanism be grab digging machine, in excavating shaft the soil body and by the soil body of excavation transport
It transports to outside the vertical shaft.
In above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, plasma discharge mechanism includes: midge disk, is aspirated to the mud in vertical shaft;Plasma discharge
Pipe, the arrival end of the discharge pipe are connect with the midge disk;The outlet end of plasma discharge hose, arrival end and the discharge pipe connects
It connects;Slurry pump, arrival end are connect with the outlet end of the plasma discharge hose, the entrance of outlet end and the slag pulp selector structure
Connection.
The slip casting mechanism includes: mud pit, is connect with the slurry outlet of the slag pulp selector structure;Grouting pump, setting
In the outlet of the mud pit;Grouting Pipe, the Grouting Pipe are connected to open caisson bottom;Slip casting hose, the one of the slip casting hose
End is connect with the grouting pump, and the other end of the slip casting hose is connected to the Grouting Pipe.
In above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, the midge disk pressure limit is 15~35mpa.
It further include shaking heavy module in above-mentioned open caisson construction equipment, the heavy module of shake is evenly arranged in the open caisson top.
The present invention also provides a kind of open caisson construction methods, include the following steps:
Excavating shaft: excavating vertical shaft and will be outside soil transport to the vertical shaft;
Mud separation circulation:, will be in the mud injection vertical shaft after separation after the slurry mixture isolated at suction in vertical shaft;
Well sinking: by well sinking vertical shaft, if be obstructed during well sinking, spraying high pressure water to the place of being obstructed,
And stop slip casting work.
In above-mentioned construction method, in the well sinking step, if mud is close during detecting the open caisson decline
When degree is greater than or equal to first threshold, high pressure water dilution is sprayed into vertical shaft, and stop slip casting;If detecting the open caisson decline
When mud density is less than first threshold in the process, stop injection high pressure water, and start slip casting.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
1. open caisson construction equipment provided by the invention passes through plasma discharge, slip casting circulation mechanism and high-pressure flush mechanism two
The setting for covering grouting system, when open caisson generates uneven decline, using high-pressure flush mechanical shocks well sinking resistance point,
Reduce well head lower end frictional resistance at this, to guarantee that open caisson uniformly declines;Open caisson is resisted relative to pressing plate to pressurize to open caisson
The open caisson construction equipment of decline has structure simple, high-efficient advantage of sinking.
2. native stone in vertical shaft is excavated by usage mining mechanism, and disturbs earth and rock separation indirectly, it is mixed to be crushed the soil body, gravel and mud
It closes, 15-35mpa high pressure midge is then used by midge disk, suction goes out open caisson and send via dredging tube road to slurry point
Disembark structure, the mud isolated sends open caisson bottom back to by grouting pipeline, as face native in vertical shaft gradually decreases, open caisson borrow its from
Weight improves working efficiency in addition shaking heavy module reduces open caisson end frictional resistance.
3. by mud density analyzer, and the control to slip casting, high-pressure flush mechanism based on the analysis results, this hair can be made
The open caisson construction equipment of bright offer is suitable for different stratum, for example, open caisson construction, to clay stratum, mud density analyzer divides
The mud density analysed in slag pulp selector structure is greater than first threshold, hinders the normal sinking of open caisson, opens high-pressure flush at this time
Mechanism dilutes mud density in well, reduces well head lower end frictional resistance, guarantees that open caisson normally sinks.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of open caisson construction equipment of the present invention;
Description of symbols:
1- open caisson;2- digging mechanism;4- shakes heavy module;31- midge disk;32- discharge pipe;33- plasma discharge hose;34- plasma discharge
Pump;35- slag pulp selector structure;36- mud pit;37- slip casting hose;38 Grouting Pipes;The water source 51-;52- high-pressure hydraulic pump;53- water inlet
Pipe;54- giant.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected;It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of open caisson construction equipment, comprising:
Digging mechanism 2, for excavating vertical shaft downwards, which, which may be selected to be, grabs digging machine, cutterhead churn etc.;
Open caisson lifts mechanism, and for tunneling with digging mechanism, open caisson 1 is lifted in vertical shaft;
Slag pulp selector structure 35, the slag pulp selector structure are preferably silt screen(ing) machine;
Plasma discharge mechanism is separated for the slurry mixture in vertical shaft to be pumped to slag pulp selector structure;
Slip casting mechanism, for the mud after the separation of slag pulp selector structure to be injected back into vertical shaft;
High-pressure flush mechanism stops for impacting and softening vertical shaft in the position of the well sinking, and dilution vertical shaft
The density of mud.
Open caisson construction equipment passes through plasma discharge, the setting of two sets of grouting systems of slip casting circulation mechanism and high-pressure flush mechanism,
When open caisson generates uneven decline, using high-pressure flush mechanical shocks well sinking resistance point, reduce well head lower end at this
Frictional resistance, to guarantee that open caisson uniformly declines;It resists the open caisson construction that open caisson carries out pressurization decline to open caisson relative to pressing plate
Equipment has structure simple, high-efficient advantage of sinking.
In the present embodiment, further includes: open caisson position sensor, the borehole wall around the open caisson is uniformly arranged, to described
Open caisson down position is measured in real time;
Controller is communicated to connect with the open caisson position sensor, obtains open caisson position signal, judges that open caisson is obstructed position
It sets, the controller and high-pressure flush mechanism and the slip casting mechanism communicate to connect, and the controller controls the high-pressure flush
High pressure water sprays towards open caisson block position in mechanism, and controls grouting pump and stop working.
Open caisson position signal can accurately be obtained using open caisson position sensor and pass through controller when open caisson tilts
Control, realize the alternation of injection high pressure water and slip casting, it is accurate to adjust open caisson position, improve working efficiency.
In the present embodiment, further include mud density analyzer, be set in the slag pulp selector structure, to the slag
Mud density in slurry separating mechanism is detected;The controller and mud weight sensor communicate to connect, to the mud
The mud density value of its conveying of density analysis is judged, if mud density value detected is greater than or equal to first threshold,
The controller controls the high-pressure flush mechanism and starts to work, and controls grouting pump and stop working.
By mud density analyzer, and the control to slip casting, high-pressure flush mechanism based on the analysis results, the present invention can be made
The open caisson construction equipment of offer is suitable for different stratum, for example, when open caisson construction to sand stone layer, mud density analyzer point
The mud density analysed in slag pulp selector structure is less than first threshold, at this point, only implementing mud separation cycle step can guarantee
Open caisson uniformly smoothly declines;When open caisson construction to clay stratum, mud density analyzer analyzes the mud in slag pulp selector structure
Pulp density is greater than first threshold, hinders the normal sinking of open caisson, opens high-pressure flush mechanism at this time, dilutes mud density in well,
Reduce well head lower end frictional resistance, guarantees that open caisson normally sinks.
In the present embodiment, the high-pressure flush mechanism includes high-pressure hydraulic pump 52, water inlet pipe 53 and giant 54;It is described
The entrance of high-pressure hydraulic pump 52 is connect with water source 51, and the outlet of the high-pressure hydraulic pump 52 is connect with one end of the water inlet pipe 53, institute
The other end for stating water inlet pipe 53 connects the giant 54.
In the present embodiment, the digging mechanism 2 be grab digging machine, in excavating shaft the soil body and by the soil body of excavation transport
Outside to the vertical shaft.
In the present embodiment, the plasma discharge mechanism includes: midge disk 31, is aspirated to the mud in vertical shaft;It is described
31 pressure limit of midge disk is 15~35mpa.Discharge pipe 32, the arrival end of the discharge pipe 32 are connect with the midge disk 31;
Plasma discharge hose 33, arrival end are connect with the outlet end of the discharge pipe 32;Plasma discharge 34 pumps, arrival end and the plasma discharge hose
33 outlet end connection, outlet end is connect with the entrance of the slag pulp selector structure 35.
The slip casting mechanism includes: mud pit 36, is connect with the slurry outlet of the slag pulp selector structure 35;It further include note
The outlet of the mud pit 36 is arranged in stock pump (not shown);Grouting Pipe 38, the Grouting Pipe 38 are connected to open caisson bottom;Note
Hose 37 is starched, one end of the slip casting hose 37 is connect with the grouting pump, and the other end of the slip casting hose 37 is connected to institute
State Grouting Pipe 38.
In the present embodiment, further include shaking heavy module 4, shake heavy module 4 and be evenly arranged in the open caisson top.The shake is heavy
Module is preferably jarring machine.
Native stone in vertical shaft is excavated by usage mining mechanism, and disturbs earth and rock separation indirectly, and it is mixed to be crushed the soil body, gravel and mud
It closes, 15-35mpa high pressure midge is then used by midge disk, suction goes out open caisson and send via dredging tube road to slurry point
Disembark structure, the mud isolated sends open caisson bottom back to by grouting pipeline, as face native in vertical shaft gradually decreases, open caisson borrow its from
Weight improves working efficiency in addition shaking heavy module reduces open caisson end frictional resistance.
Embodiment 2
A kind of open caisson construction method is present embodiments provided, using open caisson construction equipment described in embodiment 1.The open caisson
Construction method includes the following steps:
Excavating shaft: excavating vertical shaft and will be outside soil transport to the vertical shaft;
Mud separation circulation:, will be in the mud injection vertical shaft after separation after the slurry mixture isolated at suction in vertical shaft;
Well sinking: by well sinking vertical shaft, if be obstructed during well sinking, spraying high pressure water to the place of being obstructed,
And stop slip casting work.
The construction method separates circulation by mud and sprays high pressure water step to the place of being obstructed, and generates in open caisson uneven
When even decline, using high-pressure flush mechanical shocks well sinking resistance point, reduce well head lower end frictional resistance at this, to guarantee
Open caisson uniformly declines.
In above-mentioned construction method, in the well sinking step, if mud is close during detecting the open caisson decline
When degree is greater than or equal to first threshold, high pressure water dilution is sprayed into vertical shaft, and stop slip casting;If detecting the open caisson decline
When mud density is less than first threshold in the process, stop injection high pressure water, and start slip casting.
By above-mentioned construction method, open caisson construction equipment provided by the invention can be made to be suitable for different stratum, for example, working as
When open caisson construction to sand stone layer, mud density analyzer analyzes the mud density in slag pulp selector structure and is less than first threshold,
It can guarantee that open caisson uniformly smoothly declines at this point, only implementing mud separation cycle step i.e.;When open caisson construction to clay stratum, mud
Density analysis device analyzes the mud density in slag pulp selector structure greater than first threshold, hinders the normal sinking of open caisson, at this time
High-pressure flush mechanism is opened, mud density in well is diluted, reduces well head lower end frictional resistance, guarantees that open caisson normally sinks.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of open caisson construction equipment characterized by comprising
Digging mechanism (2), for excavating vertical shaft downwards;
Open caisson lifts mechanism, for tunneling with the digging mechanism, lifts open caisson (1) in vertical shaft;
Slag pulp selector structure (35);
Plasma discharge mechanism is separated for the slurry mixture in vertical shaft to be pumped to the slag pulp selector structure (35);
Slip casting mechanism, for the mud after slag pulp selector structure (35) separation to be injected back into vertical shaft;
High-pressure flush mechanism, the position for stopping the open caisson (1) to be sunk for impacting and softening vertical shaft, and dilute mud in vertical shaft
The density of slurry.
2. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Open caisson position sensor, the borehole wall around the open caisson (1) are uniformly arranged, and are carried out to the open caisson (1) down position real
When detect;
Controller is communicated to connect with the open caisson position sensor, is obtained open caisson position signal, is judged open caisson block position,
The controller and high-pressure flush mechanism and the slip casting mechanism communicate to connect, and the controller controls the high-pressure flush mechanism
High pressure water is sprayed towards open caisson block position, and controls grouting pump and stops working.
3. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
Further include mud density analyzer, be set in the slag pulp selector structure, to the mud in the slag pulp selector structure
Pulp density is detected;The controller and mud weight sensor communicate to connect, and analyze its conveying to the mud density
Mud density value is judged, if mud density value detected is greater than or equal to first threshold, the controller controls institute
The start-up operation of high-pressure flush mechanism is stated, and controls grouting pump and stops working.
4. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The high-pressure flush mechanism includes high-pressure hydraulic pump (52), water inlet pipe (53) and giant (54);The high-pressure hydraulic pump
(52) entrance is connect with water source (51), and the outlet of the high-pressure hydraulic pump (52) is connect with one end of the water inlet pipe (53), institute
The other end for stating water inlet pipe (53) connects the giant.
5. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The plasma discharge mechanism includes:
Midge disk (31), aspirates the mud in vertical shaft;
Discharge pipe (32), the arrival end of the discharge pipe (32) are connect with the midge disk (31);
Plasma discharge hose (33), arrival end are connect with the outlet end of the discharge pipe (32);
Slurry pump (34), arrival end are connect with the outlet end of the plasma discharge hose (33), and outlet end is separated with the slurry
The entrance of mechanism (35) connects.
6. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The slip casting mechanism includes:
Mud pit (36) is connect with the slurry outlet of the slag pulp selector structure (35);
The outlet of the mud pit is arranged in grouting pump;
Grouting Pipe (38), the Grouting Pipe (38) are connected to open caisson (1) bottom;
One end of slip casting hose (37), the slip casting hose (37) is connect with the grouting pump, the slip casting hose (37) it is another
One end is connected to the Grouting Pipe (38).
7. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that midge disk (31) pressure limit be 15~
35mpa。
8. open caisson construction equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further include shaking heavy module (4), it is described to shake heavy mould
Block (4) is evenly arranged in the open caisson (1) top.
9. a kind of open caisson construction method, which comprises the steps of:
Excavating shaft: excavating vertical shaft and will be outside soil transport to the vertical shaft;
Mud separation circulation:, will be in the mud injection vertical shaft after separation after the slurry mixture isolated at suction in vertical shaft;
Well sinking: by well sinking vertical shaft, if be obstructed during well sinking, high pressure water is sprayed to the place of being obstructed, and stop
Only slip casting works.
10. construction method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the well sinking step, if detecting institute
When stating mud density during open caisson decline and being greater than or equal to first threshold, high pressure water dilution is sprayed into vertical shaft, and stops infusing
Slurry;If detect that mud density is less than first threshold during the open caisson decline, stop injection high pressure water, and start to infuse
Slurry.
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CN201811395628.0A CN109469082B (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | Open caisson construction equipment and construction method |
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CN111139855A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 孙华章 | Bottom concrete caisson capable of self-weight forced landing and construction method |
CN112982529A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-18 | 湖南中天青鼎工程科技股份有限公司 | Efficient and safe tailing pond radiation well digging device and construction process |
CN113529713A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-22 | 何雪平 | Hydraulic engineering pile casing embedding device and construction method thereof |
CN116043885A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-05-02 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Large double-wall steel cofferdam vibration mud suction sinking process |
JP7498349B1 (en) | 2023-11-29 | 2024-06-11 | 大豊建設株式会社 | Excavation and removal device for the bottom of the caisson cutting edge |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116043885B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2024-04-16 | 中铁广州工程局集团有限公司 | Large double-wall steel cofferdam vibration mud suction sinking process |
JP7498349B1 (en) | 2023-11-29 | 2024-06-11 | 大豊建設株式会社 | Excavation and removal device for the bottom of the caisson cutting edge |
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